高考英语词汇练习及详解

2010高考英语词汇练习及详解（6）251.Itisnotprofitabletoprovidebusservicesindistrictswherethepopulationiswidely_____.

A.scattered

B.dismissed

C.separated

D.spread[答案]A.scattered.[注释]scattered是scatter的过去分词，也可作形容词用，（=lyingindifferentdirections;notsituatedtogether,wideapart）分散的，散布在各处的。Separate分开的，spread传播；摊开，dismiss解雇。252.Thereareusuallyatleasttwo_____oflookingateveryquestion.

A.ways

B.directions

C.views

D.opinions[答案]A.ways.[注释]twowaysoflookingateveryquestions意指“观察每个问题的两个方面”。253.HeleftinsuchahurrythatI_____hadtimetothankhim.

A.almost

B.even

C.nearly

D.scarcely[答案]D.scarcely.[注释]scarcely(=hardly,notquite,almostnot)几乎没有。Scarcely是否定副词，类似的有：hardly,barely,rarely,seldom,little等。研究生入学考试中经常测试这类否定副词的用法。254.Asmoreandmorecarsareproducedandused,sothe_____fromtheirexhaust-pipescontainsanevenlargervolumeofpoisonousgas.

A.exposure

B.distribution

C.expansion

D.emission[答案]D.emission.[注释]emission散发物，发射。exposure(to)暴露于：Theybelievethattheirhealthproblemsaretheresultofyearsofexposuretofinecottondust.(他们认为，他们的健康问题是多年来暴露于棉花粉尘所致。)expansion膨胀，扩大；Heatcausestheexpansionofgas.本题译文：正如汽车的生产和使用越来越多一样，汽车的排气管的散发物内所含的有毒气体量也在增加。255.Thebookseemstohavebeen_____fromvariousbooksandarticles.

A.piecedtogether

B.takenoff

C.brokenaway

D.pulledout[答案]A.piecedtogether.[注释]piecetogether拼合，拼凑；takeoff起飞；breakawayfrom脱离；pullout拔出；驶出；（车）减速。256.Wehadamarvelousholiday:onlythelasttwodayswereslightly_____bytheweather.

A.damaged

B.hurt

C.ruined

D.spoiled[答案]D.spoiled.[注释]spoiled使......扫兴:Ashowerofrainspoiledourday'souting.257.Icouldtellhewassurprisedfromthe_____onhisface.

A.appearance

B.view

C.sight

D.expression[答案]D.expression.[注释]expression此处意指“表情”。Appearance表示人的“仪表，外表”。258.I'dliketotake_____ofthisopportunitytothankyouallforyourcooperation.

A.profit

B.benefit

C.advantage

D.interests[答案]C.advantage.[注释]takeadvantageof(=makeuseofsth.forone'sownbenefit)利用：takeadvantageofmyignorance(利用我的无知)。259.Ifyoueverhavethe_____togoabroadtowork,youshouldtakeit.

A.possibility

B.offer

C.luck

D.chance[答案]D.chance.[注释]chance(偶然的)机会。Have与the(或a)possibility不能搭配；常用Thereisapossibilityforsb.todosth.表示客观存在的“可能性”。260.Scientiststhinktheyhave_____intheirattempttofindthecausesofsomemajordieases.

A.brokenthrough

B.workedout

C.fallenout

D.gotround[答案]A.brokenthrough.[注释]breakthrough(=besuccessfulafterovercomingadifficulty)突破；取得重大成果：Scientistshopetobreakthroughsoonintheirfightagainstheartdisease.(科学家希望在与心脏病斗争中很快取得重大成果。)本题译文：科学家认为他们在探索某些重要疾病的病因中已取得重大突破。261.Histestresultsarenotvery_____.Hedoeswelloneweekandbadlythenext.

A.invariable

B.consequent

C.continuous

D.consistent[答案]D.consistent.[注释]consistent1)始终如一，前后一致：Heisnotconsistentinhisstatements.(他的话并不前后一致。)2)与......一致：Thestoryisnotconsistentwiththefacts.Whatyousayisnotconsistentwithwhatyoudo.262.Thenewsafetyregulationswereagreedonafter_____withthework-force.

A.conference

B.participation

C.intervention

D.consultation

[答案]D.consultation.[注释]consultation商议：holdaconsultationwithsb.aboutsth.（与某人商谈某事）。conference讨论会；participation参加，参与；intervention干预，干涉。263.Theroomwassoquietthatshecouldhearthe_____ofherheart.

A.hitting

B.beating

C.tapping

D.knocking[答案]B.beating.[注释]beating此处是动名词，指“（心）跳”：Herheartwasbeatingfuriously.264.DuringWorldWarIIMaltamanagedto_____mostofItalianandGermanbombersbythrowingupaneffectiveanti-aircraftscreen.

A.putout

B.shutout

C.comeacross

D.getacross[答案]B.shutout.[注释]shutout(=preventfromcomingin;block)排除，排斥：Theyshutoutourdustbyhavingdoublewindows.(他们用双层窗户防尘。)putout扑灭；getacross越过；使人了解；comeacross偶然遇到。本题译文：第二次世界大战中，马耳他建立了有效的防空屏障以防止意大利和德国的轰炸机侵入。265.IthinkweshouldletMariagocampingwithherboyfriend._____,she'sabiggirlnow.

A.Aboveall

B.Afterall

C.Firstofall

D.Forall[答案]B.Afterall.[注释]afterall毕竟。“forall+名词”意为“尽管”:Forallhiswealth,hewasunhappy.(尽管他富有，但他并不幸福。)

266.Jim'sclose_____tohisbrothermadepeoplemistakethemforoneanother.

A.confusion

B.similarity

C.resemblance

D.imitation[答案]C.resemblance.[注释]resemblancen.像（to）。resemble(vt.)像;Sheresembleshermother.(=Shetakesafterhermother.)

imitation模仿；仿效；confusion混乱，混淆；similarity相似性。267.Ithasbeendecidedthatthiscompanyhasthe_____righttoprintMr.Smith'snovels.

A.eventual

B.versatile

C.extensive

D.exclusive[答案]D.exclusive.[注释]exclusive(=reservedtotheperson(s)concerned)独有的；Thisbathroomisforthepresident'sexclusiveuse.

eventual最终的；versatile通用的，万用的；extensive广泛的。268.Hehasrecently_____chesstoprovidehimselfwithsomerelaxation.

A.takenon

B.takenup

C.heldon

D.heldup[答案]B.takenup.[注释]takeup开始从事。takeon参阅Ⅲ，162,171注释。holdon,holdup参阅Ⅲ，162,171注释。269.Whataterribleexperience!_____,youaresafe,that'sthemainthing.

A.Somehow

B.Anyhow

C.Somewhat

D.Anywhere

[答案]B.Anyhow.[注释]anyhow(at=anyrate;inanycase)无论如何，不管怎样。270.Johnalwaystriesto_____peoplewhoareusefultohimprofessionally.

A.develop

B.provoke

C.correspond

D.cultivate

[答案]D.cultivate.[注释]cultivatesb.结识（有地位的人），培养与......的友谊：Healwaystriestocultivaterichandfamouspeople.(他总是极力结识有钱的知名人士。)本题译文：约翰总是力图结识在职业方面对他有用的人。271.Althoughhehasn'tanyformalqualifications,Betas_____todowellforhimself.

A.managed

B.succeeded

C.arranged

D.convinced

[答案]a.managed.[注释]managetodosth.(=succeedindoingsth.)设法做成某事：1)HemanagedtoescapetoSouthAmerica.(他设法逃到了南美。)2)Wemanagedtogetwhatwewanted,anyhow.(我们反正设法得到了需要的东西。)3)Doyousupposeyoucanmanagetogetmeapassport?(你能设法给我弄到一份护照吗？)本题译文：虽然他没有正式的资力，但他收入很多。Dowellforoneself吃香，收入多，改善自己的社会地位。272.Thefamilyisacooperativeenterpriseforwhichitisdifficultto_____rules,becauseeachfamilyneedstoworkoutitsownwaystodealwithitsownproblems.

A.setup

B.putdown

C.keepup

D.laydown

[答案]D.laydown.[注释]laydown制定。参阅Ⅲ，97注释。273.Afterashortholiday,he_____himselfoncemoretohisstudies.

A.applied

B.converted

C.engaged

D.exerted

[答案]A.applied.[注释]applyoneselfto“致力于”。Applyone'smindto(专心于)。Applytosb.foraid(向某人求援)。Applyatheorytopractice(把理论应用于实践)。274.Shefelt_____ofhavingaskedsuchasillyquestionwhentheaudiencecouldn'thelplaughing.

A.guilty

B.crazy

C.miserable

D.ashamed[答案]D.ashamed.

[注释]beashamedof因......感到羞耻，惭愧：1)Heisashamedofwhathewasdone.2)Shefeltashamedofhavingdonesolittle.(=Shefeltashamedthatshehaddonesolittle.)3)Johnwasashamedtoaskforhelp.(他不好意思向人求助。)4)Jimwasashamedtohavetroubledmewithsomanyquestions.

Beguiltyof犯有......罪，过失：1)Hewasfoundguilty.2)Iamnotguiltyofthiscrime.

275.Thedrivercanadjusttheheatinginwinterandtheairconditioninginsummertosuithisown_____.

A.leisure

B.preference

C.convenience

D.selection[答案]B.preference.[注释]preference偏爱，更加喜欢：Mypreferenceisforbeefratherthanforlamb.(我更喜欢牛肉面不是羊肉。)276.Thereisnotmuchtimeleft;SoI'lltellyouaboutit_____.

A.indetail

B.inbrief

C.inshort

D.inall[答案]B.inbrief.[注释]inbrief(=inafewwords)简短地（作状语）,例如：Hetoldmeinbriefwhathadhappened.（他简短地向我讲了已发生地事情。）此处inbrief等于briefly。此处，inbrief(=inaword,inshort)简言之（作插入语）1)Itisalongletter,butinbrief,hesays"No".(这是一封长信，但简言之，他说“不”。)2)Johnissmart,polite,andwell-behaved.Inbrief,heisadmirable.此句中inbrief意为inaword或inshort.inshort作插入语，其意思是inaword(总之)。Indetail详细地。Inall总计，总共：Thereare20inall.277.Shegotmarriedalthoughherparentshadnotgivenhertheir_____.

A.allowance

B.consent

C.permit

D.appreciation[答案]B.consent.[注释]consentn.同意，赞成；consent(to)vi.同意，如：consenttoaplan(同意一项计划)。allowance津贴。permit执照，许可证。278.Therainwasheavyand_____thelandwasflooded.

A.consequently

B.constantly

C.continuously

D.consistently[答案]A.consequently.[注释]consequently(asaresult)因而，所以。279.Magnificentviewsoverthecountrysidehaveoften_____peopletowritepoems.

A.convinced

B.inspired

C.induced

D.attracted

[答案]B.inspired.

[注释]inspired鼓舞，激励，产生：1)Hisspeechinspiredustotryagain.2)Heinspiredconfidenceinme.(他使我产生信心。)3)Thegoodnewsinspireduswithhope.(这个好消息使我们产生希望。)280.Fromthecheersandshoutsof_____,Igatheredthathewaswinningtherace.

A.stimulus

B.urgency

C.encouragement

D.promotion[答案]C.encouragement.[注释]encouragement鼓励，支持：shoutsofencouragement(鼓励的欢呼声)。本题译文：从欢呼声和鼓励声中，我猜想他正在赢得这场竞赛。281.Sheonceagainwentthroughhercompositioncarefullyto_____allspellingmistakesfromit.

A.withdraw

B.abandon

C.diminish

D.eliminate[答案]D.eliminate.[注释]eliminate(=getridof,doawaywith)消除，排除，淘汰：1)Canthegovernmenteliminatepoverty?（政府能否消除贫困？）2)eliminateslangwordsformanessay(从文章中去掉俚语词)。282.Whenthelittlechildcaughtsightoftheyoungwoman_____inwhitehestartedbrawlingimmediately.

A.dressed

B.wearing

C.worn

D.puttingon[答案]A.dressed.[注释]bedressedin穿这......衣服。Wear意为“穿着”是及物动词，语法结构上与本题不符。Puton穿上，强调的动作。283.Someareas,_____theirsevereweatherconditions,arehardlypopulated.

A.dueto

B.butfor

C.inspiteof

D.withrelationto[答案]A.dueto.[注释]dueto由于。有些语言专家认为dueto引导的短语，在句中只能作表语，如：1)Hisabsencewasduetothestorm.2)Thedelaywasduetoheavytraffic.3)Thisaccidentwasduetohiscarelessness.但现代英语里dueto引导的短语可以作状语用，如：Hefailedduetocarelessness.Duetoheavytraffic,hewaslateforanhourorso.284.Manyuniversitycoursesarenotreally_____totheneedsofstudentsortheirfutureemployers.

A.associated

B.relative

C.geared

D.sufficient

[答案]C.geared.[注释]begearedto与......相连接的，与......搭配得上的。Berelativeto与......有关的：Thisisnotrelativetotheaccident.(这和这次事故无关。)本题意指courses(课程)是否与needs(需要)挂得上钩，而不是一般得有点关系，故应选geared.285.Ifwecan_____ourpresentdifficulties,theneverythingshouldbeallright.

A.getoff

B.comeacross

C.comeover

D.getover[答案]D.getover.[注释]getover(difficulties)克服（困难）。286.Becarefulhowyou_____thatjug,itwillbreakveryeasily.

A.pour

B.operate

C.handle

D.employ[答案]C.handle.[注释]handle意为“用手拿......”:Washyourhandsbeforeyouhandlemybooks.287.Wesuddenlysawthebusabouttoleaveandhadtorun_____tocatchit.

A.hardly

B.awkwardly

C.hard

D.strongly[答案]Chard.[注释]runhard意为“使劲跑”，句中hard是副词。Hardly“几乎不“，是否定副词，与本题不符。288.Hehatedthewarsomuchthathedecidedtoleavethearmy_____.

A.forlong

B.onceinawhile

C.forgood

D.onceuponatime[答案]C.forgood.

[注释]forgood(=permanently)永久地:Hesayshe'sleavingthecountry

forgood.forlong长久地。按本题题意，用forlong不妥。onceuponatime从前。onceinawhile偶尔。289.Thisyearthefarmerswerejustabletogatherinthe_____beforethefineweathercametoanend.

A.collection

B.harvest

C.flower

D.plant[答案]B.harvest.

[注释]gatherin“收获(庄稼)”:Thefarmersaregatheringinthecorn.

290.Asuccessfulscientistneeds_____ifhewantstomakehypothesis(假设)ofhowprocessesworkandhoweventstakeplace.

A.permission

B.penetration

C.imagination

D.convention[答案]C.imagination.

[注释]imagination想象力；penetration穿透；permission允许;convention惯例，常规。291.Tellyourbrothertocome_____,becauseit'sgoingtoraininaminuteortwo.

A.indoors

B.outdoors

C.outward

D.inwards[答案]A.indoors

[注释]按句子的逻辑意思应选indoorsadv.向屋里；在屋里，inwardsadv，向内，向中心，outward向外。outdoors是indoors的反义词。本文译文:叫你兄弟进屋来，因为天马上要下雨了.292.Ican'tadviseyouwhattodo.Youmustuseyourown_____.

A.opinion

B.guesswork

C.justice

D.judgment[答案]Djudgement

[注释]judgement判断。guesswork猜测，justice正义，公正，ideal理想。293.Becauseofthepoorharvest,wheatpriceshave_____inthelastsixmonths.

A.added

B.jumped

C.amounted

D.developed[答案]B.jumped.

[注释]jump(=risesuddenlyinprice)指“(价格)暴涨”。294.Thereisa20minuteparking_____here,sowemustgetbacktothecarveryquickly.

A.freedom

B.limit

C.allowance

D.prohibition[答案]B.limit.

[注释]parkinglimit意为在停车场“停车的时间限制”。a20minutesparkinglimit(停车时间限制为20分钟).295.Thecountryneedsa_____government.WehavehadthreePrimeMinistersinayear.

A.stationary

B.changeless

C.constant