Unit+8+Green+Living+语法知识点课件 高中英语北师大版（2019）必修第三册

Unit8GreenLivingSectionⅣ

GrammarVerb-ingand-edForms动词-ing和-ed形式Verb-ingForm动词-ing形式Verb-ingformactsasanadjectiveoranadverbinasentence.Wecanuseverb-ingformsasattributive，adverbial，objectcomplementorpredicativeofsentences.a

Thecryingchildhadacutonhisknee.(adjective；attributive)b

Travellingonfoot，wesawmanybeautifulplaces.(adverb；adverbial)动词-ing形式在句中起形容词或副词的作用，可用作定语、状语、宾语补足语或表语。例如：cAsIwalkedpasttheroom，lheardtwopeoplearguing.(adjective；objectcomplement)dThefootballgamewasexciting.(adjective；predicative)Wesometimesuseverb-ingformsinsteadofrelativeandadverbialclauses.Wecanalsouseverb-ingformsinsteadoftwomainclausesjoinedbyandorbut.有时，动词-ing形式可以代替定语或状语从句，也可以代替由and或but连接的两个并列句。•

Arrivingattheschool，thechildrenfounditwasclosed.(Whentheyarrivedattheschool，thechildren...)•Haveyoumetthebossmanagingthecompany?(...thebosswhomanages....)•Thecardrovethroughthecity，headingforthemountainarea.(...andheadedfor...)Thesubjectofverb-ingformmustalsobethesubjectofthemainverb.动词-ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。例如：•

Carryingalargeandheavybox，shetrippedonastepandfell.Thefollowingsentenceisnotcorrect.下面这个句子是错误的。•

Carryingalargeandheavybox，

herfoottrippedonastepandfell.Verb-edForm动词-ed形式Weuseverb-edformsasadjectivesoradverbsinsentences.Whenusedasadjectives，theycanserveasattributive，objectcomplement，adverbialorpredicative.动词-ed形式在句中可作形容词或副词。作形容词时可以作定语、宾语补足语、状语或表语。例如：•Therecoveredanimalswillbereleasedsoon.(attributive)•Whenheenteredtheroom，hefoundthewindowbroken.(objectcomplement)•Builtin1760，thehouseisover200yearsold.(adverbial).•Thestreetislinedwithsmallshops.(predicative)语法感知指出下列句子中画线部分所作的句子成分1.Ididn′tknowthegirlgivingaspeechonthestage.

2.ThegirllikesreadingthenovelswrittenbyMoYan.

后置定语后置定语3.Thetwowomensatonthebench，talkinghappily.

4.Attractedbythebigmonkey，thelittleboyrefusedtoleave.

5.Whileplayingfootball，hegothisleftleginjured.伴随状语原因状语宾语补足语语法探究知识脉络语法精讲一、动词-ing形式动词-ing形式在句中起形容词或副词的作用,可以用作定语、状语、宾语补足语或表语。1.作定语①前置定语Thecryingchildhadacutonhisknee.那个正在哭的孩子膝盖上有一个伤口。②后置定语Therearemanyboysplayingfootballontheplayground.有很多男孩正在操场上踢足球。2.作状语①方式或伴随状语Thechildrenwalkedoutoftheclassroom，talkinghappily.孩子们走出了教室，高兴地交谈着。②时间状语Seeingthewoman，thelovelybabystoppedcrying.看到这个女人，这个可爱的婴儿不哭了。③

原因状语Notknowingheraddress，Icouldn′tsendherthepackage.

因为不知道她的地址，我无法给她送包裹。④条件状语Workinghard，youwillachieveyourgoalsomeday.努力工作，你就会在将来的某一天实现你的目标。⑤结果状语Thestrongwindblewawaygoodsoil，leavingonlysand.大风吹走了好土，只剩下沙子。3.作宾语补足语Eg.AsIwalkedpasttheroom，Iheardtwopeoplearguing.我路过房间时，听到两个人在争吵。Thegirlisshyanditishardtogethertalking.这个女孩很害羞,让她开口说话很难。4.作表语Eg.Thenewsisencouraging.

这则消息令人鼓舞。Youyoungpeoplearefascinating.

你们这些年轻人非常可爱。5.注意问题

①有时，动词-ing形式可以代替定语或状语从句，也可以代替由and或but连接的两个并列句。Arrivingattheschool，thechildrenfounditwasclosed.＝Whentheyarrivedattheschool，thechildrenfounditwasclosed.Haveyoumetthebossmanagingthecompany?＝Haveyoumetthebosswhomanagesthecompany?Thecarranthroughthecity，headingforthemountainarea.＝Thecarranthroughthecityandheadedforthemountainarea.

②动词-ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。Carryingalargeandheavybox，shetrippedonastepandfell.(√)Carryingalargeandheavybox，herfoottrippedonastepandfell.(×)【即学即用】翻译句子①她冲着正在爬树的男孩大喊。②他在派对上说的话确实让人惊讶。Sheisshoutingattheboyclimbingthetree.Whathesaidatthepartywasreallysurprising.③这两个男孩站在那里，怒视着对方。④看到这些快乐的孩子，这个人对生活很是满足。⑤导游站在那里，解释那幅古画。Thetwoboysstoodthere，staringateachother.Seeingthehappychildren，themanwascontentwithhislife.Theguidestoodthere，explainingtheoldpainting.二、动词-ed形式

动词-ed形式(过去分词)在句中可作形容词或副词。作形容词时可以作定语、宾语补足语、表语或状语。1.作定语①

前置定语Whenhewalkedintotheyard，hesawthefallenleavesontheground.他走进院子时,看到了满地的落叶。Thevolunteerspayaregularvisittotheretiredteachers.这些志愿者定期去看望那些退休的老教师。②

后置定语Idon′tlikethenovelwrittenbythatyounggirl.＝Idon′tlikethenovelwhich/thatwaswrittenbythatyounggirl.我不喜欢那个年轻女孩写的小说。Hedecidedtohaveatalkwiththeboymentionedinthearticle.＝Hedecidedtohaveatalkwiththeboythat/whowasmentionedinthearticle.他决定和文章中提到的男孩谈一谈。2.作宾语补足语Whenheenteredtheroom，hefoundthewindowbroken.他进入房间时，发现窗户破了。I′llhavemybikefixedwhileyouarecooking.你做饭时，我去让人修自行车。3.作表语Iamconvincedofhishonesty.我深信他的诚实。Heisdeeplyreadintheclassics.

他精通古典文学。4.作状语①原因状语Hesoonfellasleep，exhaustedbythejourney.因为旅途过于劳累，他很快就睡着了。InfluencedbyGandi′sideasaboutpeacefulprotests，Kingorganisedabusprotestin1965.受到甘地和平抗议思想的影响，金在1965年组织了一次公共汽车抗议。②时间状语Seenfromthehill，thetownlooksmorebeautiful.从山上看，这个镇更美丽了。③条件状语Givenmoretimeandattention，