现在完成时归纳(无答案)

PAGEPAGE6现在完成时——讲解部分现在完成时的构成：助动词have（has）+过去分词1．表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。例如：Ihavejustcleanedmyclothes.我刚洗过衣服。（“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”）现在完成时常用的时间状语有：already（”已经”用于肯定句的中间和末尾处）never(“从不”用于中间处)ever（”曾经”用于疑问句和肯定句的中间处）just (“刚刚”用于中间处)yet(“已经”用于疑问句的末尾处/“还”用于否定句的末尾处)或不加任何的时间状语，但不能和表示过去的时间状语连用.1.现在完成时的"完成用法"

A、定义现在完成时的"完成用法"指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束但该动作对现在产生了影响与现在情况具有因果关系。

例如Hehasturnedoffthelight.他已把灯关了。

(动作结束于过去但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了。)B、特点现在完成时"完成用法"的特点是动作不延续因此该时态只能与表示不定的

过去时间状语(如alreadyyetbeforerecently等)、频度时间状语(如nevereveronce等)、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语(如thismorning/month/year...today等)连用。

例如Haveyoufoundyourpenyet?你已找到你的钢笔了吗？现在完成时的"未完成用法"

A、定义现在完成时的"未完成用法"指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻一直延续到现在或可能还要继续下去。

例如Hehaslivedheresince1978.自从1978年以来他一直住在这儿。(动作起始于1978年一直住到现在可能还要继续住下去。)

Ihavebeeninthearmyformorethan5years.我在部队已经呆了五年多了。(动作开始于5年前一直延续至今有可能还要继续下去。)

B、特点此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语(由since或for引导)或表示与现在时刻相连的时间状语(如uptonow=sofar到目前为止)等。例如Ihaveheardnothingfromhimuptonow.到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。

注意现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续性动词，不可用于终止性动词即瞬间完成或延续时间很短的动词。如comegoarriveleavejoinbecome等。现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在甚至会继续下去或表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响；一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。试比较：Theplanehasarrived.飞机已经来了。（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿）Theplanearrivedaquarterago.飞机是一刻中以前来的。（强调动作发生的时间在过去）Ihavetaughthereforfifteenyears.我在这儿已经教了十五年。（表示十五年前的动作一直延续到现在，还可能会继续。）Itaughthereforayear.我过去在这儿教过一年。（表示“我“现在已经不在这儿任教了）1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。说话的侧重点只在于陈述一件过去的事情不强调对"现在"产生的影响。如HevisitedGuilinin1998.他1998年参观过桂林。(只说明去桂林的时间)

2.现在完成时表示动作发生在过去对现在造成了影响或产生了结果。不与确定的过去时间状语连用。如Jillhasboughtanewcomputer.吉尔买了一台新电脑。(着重点是现在有了一台新电脑)

3.两种时态的区分

(1)一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式而现在完成时的谓语基本构成是"助动词have/has+过去分词"。如Thefilmstartedat7o’clock.Hehasbeenateacherformanyyears.

(2)一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如yesterday,lastweek,twoyearsago,justnow,in2002等而现在完成时则常与just,already,ever,never等副词和thesedays,thisweek,since...,for...等表示一段时间的状语连用。

havebeenin,havebeento与havegoneto的用法区别一、have(has)beenin表示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since,for,howlong等。例如：Mr.BrownhasbeeninShanghaiforthreedays.布朗先生来上海已经有三天了。此外还有这些搭配：havebeenhere(there)/athome(school)/onthefarmhavebeenhere(there)/abroad(国外)二、have(has)beento表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。可与just,ever,never等连用，例如： Ihavejustbeentothepostoffice.我刚才去邮局了。MaryhasneverbeentotheGreatWall.玛丽从未去过长城。HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou?你曾经去过杭州吗？have(has)beento后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。例如：IhavebeentoBeijingthreetimes.我去过北京三次。Theyhavebeentothatvillageseveraltimes.他们去过那个村庄好几次了。三、have(has)goneto意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。例如：WhereisTom?Hehasgonetothebookshop.汤姆在哪里？他到书店去了。JackJohnsonhasgonetoLondon.杰克.约翰逊到伦敦去了。现在完成时——练习部分用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1.I_____already_____(see)thefilm.I______(see)itlastweek.

2.______he_______(finish)hisworktoday?Notyet.

3._______you_________(be)toHongKong?Yes,I___________(be)theretwice.

4.___youever____(eat)chocolate?No,never.

5.Myfather_______just_______(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.

6.Where’LiMing?He__________(go)totheteacher’soffice.

7.Shanghai______(be)asmalltownhundredsofyearsago.Nowit______(become)alargecity.

8.SofarI________(make)quiteafewfriendshere.

9.I___________(see)thefilm“ChickenRun”.

Whereandwhen_______you______(see)it?Lastweek.

10.Mary_________already__________(have)hersupper.

11.I_________(notwant)toseethefilm.I________(see)itwithmyparents.We_________(see)itlastSunday.

12.______UncleWang______(mend)theTVyet?Yes,he______.

When_____he_____it?Yesterday.

13.______you_______(read)today’snewspaperyet?

14They_____already______(do)theirhomework.Buttheydon’tknowwhat_______(do)next.

15.______you________(see)thefilmlastnight?

No,I___________(see)itforseveraltimes.

请尝试着做以下的练习

1.I__________(work)heresinceI_______(move)herein1999.

2.Howlong____theSmiths_____(stay)here?Fortwoweeks.3.She____________(be)illforthreedays.

4.She____________(notread)thisbookbefore.

5.____youever__________(travel)onatrainbefore?

6.____WeiHua________(come)yet?

Yes.She_______(come)already.She______(come)justnow.

7.--Howlong_____you__________(learn)English?Formorethantwoyears.

8.They_______________(live)inChinasincethey________(move)toChina.

11.Myfather____just___(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.

现在完成时态练习一． 写出下列动词的的过去式和过去分词repairbebeginpayrunsendcutcatchmovefeelgeteatholdhurtlearnleavelosewinunderstandthrowswimsleepstudysingtakewearlay二． 用所给动词的适当形式填空5.I___________(see)thefilm“ChickenRun”lastweek.Where________you_______(see)it?6.We__________(hold)asportsmeetingnextweek.11.What______he______(do)at8:00lastnight?12.Mum______(cook)whenIgothomeyesterday.13.I____________(notwant)toseethefilm.I___________(see)itwithmyparents.We_________(see)itlastSunday.14.Theteachertoldusthattheearth______(travel)aroundthesun.15.______you______(read)today’snewspaperyet?16.They______already______(do)theirhomework.17.WhereisJim?He______(water)theflowersinthegarden.19.Asquirrel(松鼠)______(hide)itselfifit______(feel)dangerous.20.What______Tom______(do)now?He______(work)onamathsproblem.______He______(work)itout?No,notyet.I______(think)he______(work)itoutsoon.21.I______(hear)alotaboutHongKongDisneylandrecently.NexttimeyougotoHongKong,Iwilltakeyouthere.22.Mary_____already_______(have)hersupper.23.Ifhunterscatchagiantpanda,they______(kill)itforitsfur.24.Myfather______(walk)toschoolfromtimetotime.25.Whyareyoulateagain?Sorry,I______(notbe)latenexttime.26.AmannamedWangHao______(call)youtwicejustnow.Heisoneofmyoldfriends.I______(notmeet)himsinceIleftforHongKong.27.Myparents______(return)today.Don’tforgettomeetthemattheairport.28.______UncleWang______(repair)theTVyet?Yes,he______.When_____he_____(repair)it?Yesterday.29.I’mhungryMum.Hungry?You______just______(eat)fourhamburgers.30._____you_______(be)toBeijing?Yes,I______already_________(be)theretwice.三．翻译句子1.他自从去了美国以后就没给我写过信。He_______________________since__________________2.我们足够幸运，可以看见国家的变化。Weare_________________tosee________________withoureyes.3.我原来居住的地方已变成了一个购物中心。TheplaceIusedtolivein________________________4.我不能像以前那样经常看到他们。Ican’tseethem______________________________5.这家工厂过去常常把废弃物倒进河里。Thisfactory________________________intotheriver.一、动词填空。

1.She__________(be)awayfromhomeforalmostfouryears.

2.Thesun__________(rise)intheeast.

3.Youlooktired.Stop_______(work)and______(have)arest.

4.I__________(nothear)fromyouforalongtime.

5.Mybrother__________(be)toEnglandtwice.

6.MrGreen__________(notcome)backtoChinayet.

7.Who__________(teach)youmathlastterm?

8.They__________(go)totheshoppingcenteralready.

9.Listen,XiaoLi__________(sing)inthenextroom.

10.They__________(play)footballwhenIwalkedpast.

二、句型转换(每空一词)。

1.IhavebeentoMacaubefore.(改为否定句)I_______________beentoMacaubefore.

2.Hehasn’tcometoschoolbecausehe’sill.(就划线部分提问)

_____________hecometoschool?

3.HehaslearnedEnglishfor5years.(就划线部分提问)

__________________________learnedEnglish?4.Iboughtanewbikejustnow.(用just改写)I______just______anewbike.

5.WebegantolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.(改为同义句)

We____________English_______threeyears

6.Hehaslivedheresince1999.(就划线部分提问)_______________he_______here?

7.Theyhavealreadyfinishedthework.变否定They____________thework______.

8.Myfathergottheretwodaysago.同义句Myfather____________therefortwodays.

9.Mr.LibegantoteachEnglishinthisschoolin1999.同义句

Mr.Li________________Englishinthisschoolsince1999.

10.Theyhavecleanedtheroomtwicethisweek.(就划线部分提问)

____________________they______theroomthisweek?

11.MyfatherwenttoEnglandin2003and2005.同义句

Myfather________________England_____.

选择题1.LiHonghas________thearmyfor2years.A.joinedB.beinC.beeninD.joinedin

2.Wehavebeenfriendssince______.

A.childrenB.fiveyearsC.fiveyearsagoD.fiveyearsbefore

3.Mike___________thestorybookforamonth.

A.hasboughtB.hashadC.hadhadD.hasborrowed

4.You______thatquestionthreetimes.

A.alreadyaskedB.havealreadyaskedC.alreadyhaveaskedD.askedalready

5.ThoseforeignfriendsleftGuangzhou__________.

A.sincelastweekB.aweekagoC.foraweekD.sinceaweekago

6.I_____atthisschoolfortwoyears.

A.amstudyingB.studyC.studiedD.havestudied

7.They_________inthecitysincelastsummer.

A.liveB.didn’tliveC.havelivedD.live8.Mrs.WanghaslivedinHaikou_________1992.A.sinceB.fromC.afterD.in

9.Mr.Black_________Chinasincethesummerof1998.

A.hasbeentoB.hasbeeninC.hascometoD.cameto

10.Hisfather_______foryears.A.hasdiedB.hasbeendeadC.diedD.dies

11.Mary________toseethefilmsbecauseshe__________ittwice.

A.won’tgo,sawB.won’tgo,willseeC.won’tgo,hasseenD.didn’tgo,sees

12.Wouldyoulikesomemorefood?Thankyou.I_______enough.

A.willhaveB.havehadC.haveD.had

13.______you______England?Yes,it_____abeautifulcountry.

A.Will,goneto,wasB.Have,beento,is

C.Had,beento,isD.Have,goneto,is

14._______you_______toBeijing?No,I______.I______thereearlynextmonth.

A.Have,been,haven’t,amgoingB.Had,been,hadn’t,amgoing

C.Have,gone,haven’t,wasgoingD.Did,go,didn’t,wasgoing

15.Yoursister___toLondontostudyEnglish.Isthattrue?-Yes,she___therefortwomonths.

A.hasbeen,hasbeenB.willgo,hasgoneC.gone,willbeD.hasgone,hasbeen

16.Hehasacomputerofhisown.He____ittwodaysago.

A.boughtB.boughtC.boughtD.hasbought

17.—WhereisLiLei?—He___Shanghai.

A.hasgonetoB.hasbeentoC.wenttoD.goesto18.He_______hishomeworkandisnowlisteningtomusic.

A..finishesB.hasfinishedC.finishD.isfinishing

19.David_______Shanghaiformorethanthreemonths.

A.cametoB.hasbeentoC.hasbeeninD.hascometo

20.IsyourfatheraPartymember?

Yes,he____thepartythreeyearsago.He_____aPartymemberforthreeyears.

A.joined;hasbeenB.hasjoined;hasbeenC.wasjoined;isD.joined;was

21.Whatanicebike!Howlone____you____it?Justfiveweeks.

A.will;buyB.did;buyC.are;havingD.have;had

22.I______thisbookforaweek.Ihavetoreturnitnow.

A.borrowedB.haveborrowedC.keptD.havekept

23.______yoursister_______inGreenChinaforalongtime?

-Yes.Shejoineditfiveyearsago.

A.Has;beenB.Have;beenC.Has;joinedD.Have;joined

24.Howlonghaveyou____fromtheUSA?Forthreemonths.

A.comebackB.returnedC.gobackD.beenback

25.I_____thisbookforhalfayear.A.haveboughtB.havehadC.boughtD.had

26.Thestudentsaresorrytohearthatfamoussinger_____forayear.

A.hasleftB.hasgoneC.hasbeenawayD.hasgoneaway

27.______you______yourhomeworkyet?Yes,I_____itjustnow.

A.Did;do;finishedB.Have;done;finished

C.Have;done;havefinishedD.Will;do;finish

28.Thesandstormweather______inBeijingseveraltimesthisyear.

A.happenB.happenedC.hashappenedD.havehappened

29.Howlonghaveyoubeenhere?____lastmonth.

A.ForB.UntilC.BeforeD.Since

30.He____acoldforthreedays.A.hascaughtB.hashadC.hasgotD.caught

31.JimGreen____inChinafortwoyears.A.hascomeB.hasbeenC.hasarrivedD.came

32.Thefilm____forhalfanhour.

A.hasbeenonB.hasbegunC.hasn’tbegunD.began

33.—Wherehaveyou_______thesedays?—IhavetoBeijingwithmyfriends.

A.beengoneB.beenbeenC.gonebeenD.gonegone

34Howlonghaveyou_______thisbook

A.boughtB.borrowedC.hadD.lent

35.Wehavelivedhere_______fiveyearsagoA.whenB.sinceC.beforeD.after

36—Ihavewatchedthegame.—When_____you_______it?A.havewatchedB.dowatchC.didwatchD.willwatch

37—HowdoyoulikeBeijing,Mr.Black?—OhI_______suchabeautifulcity.

Adon’tvisitBdidn’tvisitChaven’tvisitedDhadn’tvisited

38MissBrown_______totheGreatWalltwice.

AhavebeenBhasbeenChavegoneDhasgone

39.HisbrotherhasbeentoStoneForesttwice______hecametoYunnanAafterBbeforeCsinceDfor

40.Hisgrandpa_______fortwoyears.A.wasdiedB.hasbeendeadC.wasdeadD.hasdied练习：I．翻译下列句子：你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？我刚刚丢了我的化学书。我以前从来没去过那个农场。他已经吃过午饭了。你已经看过这部电影了吗？我哥哥还没回来。我上星期看过这部电影。在1992年他住在这里。II．用过去时或现在完成时填空：1.“_________you__________(have)lunch?”“Yes.”“When________you__________(have)it?”“I____________(have)itat12:00.”2.“_________you__________(write)alettertoyourauntyet?”“Yes,I___________.I______________(write)onelastweek.”3.“_________he________(finish)hishomework?”“Notyet.”4.“_________theyever_____(be)abroad?”“Yes,justonce.”5.Yourfather_________just___________(finish)hiswork.6.Yourfather_________(finish)hisworkjustnow.7.LasttermI__________(learn)manyEnglishwords.8.They____________(notread)theinterestingbooksyet.9.He__________never___________(go)tothesciencemuseum.10.____________youever____________(drink)coke?11.“____________you_____________(buy)adictionary?““Yes,I__________.”“Where__________you_____________(buy)it?”“I___________(buy)itinabookstore.”“When__________you________(buy)it?”“Yesterday.”练习：用since和for填空1)______twoyears 2)_______twoyearsago 3)_______lastmonth 4)______1999 5)_______yesterday 6)_______4o’clock7)______4hours 8)_______anhourago 9)_______wewerechildren10)_____lunchtime 11)______shelefthere用since和for填空1.HehaslivedinNanjing________theyearbeforelast.2.I’veknownhim__________wewerechildren.3.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese_________threeyears.4.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity___________abouttenyears.5.It’sabouttenyears__________sheleftthecity.2.短暂性转换延续性①arriveat/insw.getto/reachsw.come/go/movetosw.→beinsw./atschool/athome/onthefarm/behere/bethereHegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.He_____________________Beijingfor________________.ImovedtotheUSAlastyear.I__________________theUSAsince__________________.Iwenthomeyesterday.I____________________homefor___________________.Theycameherelastweek.They__________________heresince___________________.②come/goback,return→beback come/goout→beoutHecameouttwoyearsago.He_________________________for___________________.WereturntoFuzhouyesterday.We_______________________toFuzhousince__________.③become→beIbecameateacherin2000.I__________________ateacherfor__________________.Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriver________________dirtyfor___________________.④close→beclosedopen→beopenTheshopclosedtwohoursago.Theshop_____________________for_________________.Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoor________________________forsixhours.⑤getup→beupdie→bedead leavesw.→beawayfromsw. fallasleep/gettotsleep→beasleep finish/end→beovermarry→bemarriedIgotuptwohoursago.I________________________since________________.HeleftFuzhoujustnow.He___________________________Fuzhouforfiveminutes.Mygrandpadiedin2002.Mygrandpa______________________for_______________.Themeetingfinishedatsix.Themeeting____________________forsixhours.Igottosleeptwohoursago.I________________________since___________________.Theymarriedin1990.They___________________________since_________.⑥start/begintodosth.→dosth. begin→beonIbegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.I________atthisschoolsince____.Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilm____________for________.⑦borrow→keep lose→nothave buy→haveputon→wear catch/getacold→haveacold gettoknow→knowTheyborroweditlastweek.They__________________itsince____________________.Iboughtapentwohoursago.I__________________apenfor__________________.Igottoknowhimlastyear.I___________________himsince____________________.Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.I___________________myglassesfor________________.⑧have/hasgoneto→havebeeninHehasgonetoBeijing.He_____________Beijingfortwodays.⑨jointheleague/theParty/thearmy →bealeague/aPartymember/asoldier→beamemberoftheleague/theParty→beintheleague/theParty/thearmyHejoinedtheleaguein2002.He_________________a_________________fortwoyears.He__________________a_____________________the__________fortwoyears.He__________________________________theleaguefortwoyears.Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.Mybrother____________________a___________for______________________.Mybrother______________________in_______________________fortwoyears.3.汉译英1）这本字典我已买了三年了。2）他离开中国三年了。3）我认识他们五年了。4）他们已去了美国五年了。5）自从他搬到福州，他就住这儿了。6）他们已经结婚10年。7）我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。8）这会已开了多长时间了？9）这门已经关了两天了。10）我入团2年了。 I________________________________twoyearsago. I_____________________a______________________fortwoyears. I_____________________a___________of___________________fortwoyears. I_________________________________the__________fortwoyears.11）自从1999年以来他们就认识。12）我来到农场已5年了。4.划线提问1)Ihavebeentherefortwodays._____________________________you____________________?Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.____________________________yourfather___________________?Helefthereyesterday._________________he___________________?Theyboughtabooktwohoursago._____________________they__________abook?练习：I.用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空。A:Where____________LiFei___________?B:He____________toHainanA:Howlong___________he___________there?B:He_____________thereforthreedays.A:Whenwillhecomeback,doyouknow?B:I’mafraidhewon’tcomebackrecently.A:CouldyoutellmethewaytoHainanB:Sorry,I_________never___________there.A:Howmanytimes___________LiFei__________tothatplace?B:He_____________thereonlyonce.II.用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto及go的各种形式填空。WhereisJack?He__________hiscountry.David________theparkjustnow.John_______Englandsincehecameback.Howlong_____he_____thisvillage?TheSmiths______Beijingforyears._____youever____America?--Yes,I_____theremanytimes.I_____thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.WhereisJim?He_____thefarm.When_____he_____?He_______anhourago.Wouldyouliketo_____thezoowithme?Yes,butI_____therebefore.Where_____you_____now?I____thezoo.Heoften_____youswimming?_____you______therelastyear?_____theyoften______skatinginwinter?III.翻译下列句子：他已经来中国三年多了。他们出国两个月了。我从来没去过长城。你曾经出过国吗？他已经去图书馆了。他来这儿五年了。昨天他去了公园。“你要去哪里？”“我要去学校。”他常常去游泳。综合练习:I.用never,ever,already,yet,for,since填空Ihave_______seenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.Jackhas_______finishedhishomework________anhourago.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschool________tenyears.“Haveyou________seenthefilm?”“No,Ihave________seenit.”“Hasthebusleft_______?”“Yes,ithas_________left.”II.翻译下列句子：他们已经打扫了教室吗？我们已经认识有二十年了。打那以后，她一直住在这。“你曾经到过那里吗？”“不，我从来没到过那里。”III.用适当的时态填空：1.She’s_____________(live)hereeversinceshewasten.2.Bothofthem________________(be)inHongkongfortendays.3.Bothofthem______________(come)toHongkongtendaysago.4.Halfanhour________(pass)sincethetrain_________(leave).5.Mary________(lose)herpen.________you__________(see)ithereandthere?6._____________you____________(find)yourwatchyet?7.Areyouthirsty? NoI_________just_____________(have)someorange.8.We_____________already______________(return)thebook.9.________they____________(build)anewschoolinthevillage?10.I_____________(notfinish)myhomework.Canyouhelpme?11.Myfather___________(read)thenoveltwice.12.I_________(buy)abookjustnow.13.I_________(lose)mywatchyesterday.14.Myfather___________(read)thisbooksinceyesterday.III．句型转换：1.Hehasalreadygonehome. He___________________home____________.(否定句)____________he__________home___________?(疑问句)2.Hehaslunchathome. He_______________________lunchathome.(否定句)____________he__________lunchathome?(疑问句)3.Hehasbeentheretwice. _____________________________hebeenthere?(划线提问)4.Ihavelunchatschool. ____________________you___________lunch?(划线提问)一、单项选择。

1.Both

his

parents

look

sad.Maybe

they

_________what's

happened

to

him.

A.

knew

B.

haveknown

C.

mustknow

D.willknow2、He

has

_______been

to

Shanghai,has

he?

A.

already

B.never

C.ever

D.still

3、Have

you

met

Mr

Li______？

A.

just

B.

ago

C.before

D.

amomentago

4、Thefamouswriter___onenewbookinthepasttwoyear.

A.is

writing

B.was

writing

C.wrote

D.has

written

5、—Ourcountry

______alotsofar.

—Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.

A.has

changed;well

B.

changed;good

C.has

changed;better

D.

changed;better

6、ZhaoLan____already

_____inthisschoolfortwoyears.

A.was;studying

B.will;study

C.has;studied

D.are;studying

7、We______Xiao

Li

since

she

was

a

little

girl.

A.know

B.