2023-2024学年江苏省南京市六校联合体高一（下）期中英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2023-2024学年江苏省南京市六校联合体高一（下）期中英语试卷一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。AEveryonehasuniqueneedsandpreferences，andindividualsleeprequirementsarenodifferent.However，theamountofsleepyouneedpernightismainlydeterminedbyyourage.

Officialrecommendationsforthelengthofaperson'ssleeparebrokendownbyagegroup：

Olderadults（65+）：7–8hours

Adults（18–64years）：7–9hours

Teenagers（14–17years）：8–10hours

Schoolchildren（6–13years）：9–11hours

Preschoolers（3–5years）：10–13hours（includingnaps）

Toddlers（1–2years）：11–14hours（includingnaps）

Infants（4–12months）：12–15hours（includingnaps）

Newborns（0–3months）：14–17hours

However，somepeoplemightneedmoreorlesssleepthanisgenerallyrecommended，dependingonthefollowingfactors.

Geneticmakeup

Yourgeneticsareanimportantfactorinhowmanyhoursofsleepyouneedpernight.

Forexample，thosewithonespecificgeneticmutation（基因突变）needonlyaround6hours，whereaspeoplewithoutitrequireabout8hours，onaverage.

Sleepquality

Thequalityofyoursleepcanalsoaffecthowmuchyouneed.

Ifyoursleepqualityispoor，youmayfindthatyoustillfeeltiredaftergettingwhatshouldbeconsideredenough.

Therefore，it'snotonlyimportanttofocusonsleepinglongenoughbutalsoonsleepingwellenough.Ifyouoftenfeellikeyouaren'tsleepingwellorareextremelytiredanddon'tknowwhy，it'sagoodideatocheckinwithyourhealthcareprovider.1.Whatisthemainreasonfortheamountofsleepweneedpernight？______A.Sleepquality. B.Genetics.

C.Ourage. D.Oureatinghabits.2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage？______A.Alltheschoolchildrenneedtosleepfor9to11hours.

B.Ifyoufeeltired，pleaseconsultyourhealthcareprovider.

C.Thosewithgeneticmutationonlyneedtosleeparound6hours.

D.Duetopoorsleepquality，youfeeltiredthoughyou'vesleptenough.3.Wheredoesthispassagemostprobablycomefrom？______A.Atravelbrochure. B.Ahealthmagazine.

C.Afashionwebsite. D.Asportsnewspaper.BWhenmysonRyanwassixyearsoldandinfirstgrade，histeacher，Nancy，talkedtohisclassaboutdevelopingcountriesandhowtheycouldhelppeople，particularlychildren，inotherpartsoftheworld.Sheexplainedthatbesidesnothavingtoysorenoughfood，someofthemdidn'tevenhavecleanwater.ForthesechildrensittingintheircomfortableclassroominKemptville，Ontario，theideaofchildrennothavinganytoys，orenoughfoodorwater，hadahugeimpact.

Theprincipalhaddistributedalistthatshowedthecostsofbuyingsuppliesindevelopingcountries.Apennywouldbuyapencil，adollarahotmeal，twodollarsablanket.Seventydollarswouldbuyawell.WhenRyanheardpeoplediedbecausetheydidn'thavecleanwater，hewasdeeplyaffected.Hecamehomethatdayandinsistedheneededseventydollarsforclass.

MarkandIdiscussedit，thenexplainedtoRyanthatseventydollarswasalotofmoney.Ifhewasreallyinterestedindoingsomething，however，hecouldearnit.Hehappilyagreed，soweputanoldcookietinontopoftherefrigeratorandstartedgivinghimchores.Hedidchoresfortheneighboursandhisgrandparents，too.Afterfourmonths，Ryanwasnearinghisgoal.

InApril1998wewentforourmeetingwithWaterCan，aCanadiannonprofitorganizationprovidingcleanwatertopeopleindevelopingcountries.AndRyanbroughthiscookietinfullofmoney.Nicole，thedirector，andHelen，herassistant，thankedhimandtoldhimhowimportanthisdonationwas.Thentheytoldusitwouldcostalotmorethan＄70tobuildawell—infact，itwouldcost＄2，000.

Ryanwasn'tconcernedandrepliedsimply，"That'sokay.I'lljustdomorechores!"NewsaboutwhatRyanwasdoinggotout，andsoonweweregettingcallsfromthemedia.WhentheOttawaCitizendidastoryonRyan'swell，webegantoreceivedonationsatleastonceaweek.PeoplefromalloverwerecatchingRyan'sdreamandwereinspiredtogive.4.WhatinspiredRyantohelpkidsindevelopingcountries？______A.Parents'support. B.Ryan'swarmheart.

C.Theprincipal'slist. D.Nancy'sexplanation.5.WhatdidRyandecidetodotohelpthekids？______A.Heplannedtodonate＄70toacharity.

B.Heintendedtopayforawellforthekids.

C.Hedesiredtopurchasehotsmealsforthekids.

D.Hewantedtobuyblanketsandpencilsforthekids.6.WhathappenedaftertheOttawaCitizendidastoryonRyan'swell？______A.Donationswerereceivedonceamonth.

B.Peoplewereinspiredtogiveahelpinghand.

C.Ryandidmorechoresanddonatedmoremoney.

D.ThemediacalledRyanandhisfamilyfrequently.7.What'sthesuitabletitleforthepassage？______A.Ryan'sWellofLife B.AJointEffort

C.AWarm-heartedKid D.KidsinNeedCArtificialintelligence（AI）isshowingpromiseinearthquakeprediction，challengingthelong-heldbeliefthatitisimpossible.ResearchersattheUniversityofTexas，Austin，havedevelopedanAIalgorithm（算法）thatcorrectlypredicted70%ofearthquakesaweekinadvanceduringatrialinChinaandprovidedaccuratestrengthcalculationsforthepredictedearthquakes.

Theresearchteambelievestheirmethodsucceededbecausetheystuckwitharelativelysimplemachinelearningapproach.TheAIwasprovidedwithasetofstatisticalfeaturesbasedontheteam'sknowledgeofearthquakephysics，andtheninstructedtotrainitselfusingafive-yeardatabaseofearthquakerecordings.Oncetrained，theAIprovideditspredictionbylisteningforsignsofincomingearthquakeswithinthebackgroundrumblings（隆隆声）intheEarth.

ThisworkisclearlyamilestoneinresearchforAI-drivenearthquakeprediction."Youdon'tseeearthquakescoming，"explainsAlexandrosSavvaidis，aseniorresearchscientistwholeadstheTexasSeismologicalNetworkProgram（TexNet）."It'samatterofmilliseconds，andtheonlythingyoucancontrolishowpreparedyouare.Evenwiththe70%accuracy，that'sahugeresultandcouldhelpminimizeeconomicandhumanlossesandhasthepotentialtoremarkablyimproveearthquakepreparationworldwide."

Whileitisunknownwhetherthesameapproachwillworkatotherlocations，theresearchersareconfidentthattheirAIalgorithmcouldproducemoreaccuratepredictionsifusedinareaswithreliableearthquaketrackingnetworks.ThenextstepistotestartificialintelligenceinTexas，sinceUT'sBureauTexNethas300earthquakestationsandoversixyearsworthofcontinuousrecords，makingitanideallocationforthesepurposes.

Eventually，theauthorshopetocombinethesystemwithphysics-basedmodels.Thisstrategycouldproveespeciallyimportantwheredataispoororlacking."Thatmaybealongwayoff，butmanyadvancessuchasthisone，takentogether，arewhatmovesscienceforward，"concludesScottTinker，thebureau'sdirector.8.HowdoestheAIpredictearthquakes？______A.Byidentifyingdatafromthesatellites.

B.ByanalyzingbackgroundsoundsintheEarth.

C.Bymodelingdatabasedonearthquakerecordings.

D.BymonitoringchangesintheEarth'smagneticfield.9.WhatdoesAlexandrosSavvaidisintendtoshowinparagraph3？______A.Thewaystoreducelossesinearthquakes.

B.Theimportanceofpreparingforearthquakes.

C.ThesignificanceofdevelopingtheAIprediction.

D.ThelimitationofAIalgorithmsinearthquakeprediction.10.Whatdoesthefollow-upresearchfocuson？______A.Conductingtestsindifferentlocations.

B.ApplyingtheAIapproachtootherfields.

C.BuildingmoreearthquakestationsinTexas.

D.Enlargingthedatabasetotrainthecalculationaccuracy.11.Whichwordscanbestdescribetheearthquake-predictingtechnology？______A.Stablebutoutdated. B.Effectivebutcostly.

C.Potentialandeconomical. D.Advancedandpromising.DArecentglobalstudy，whichsurveyed10，000youngpeoplefrom10countries，showedthatnearly60percentofthemwereextremelyworriedaboutthefuturestateoftheplanet.Thereportalsoshowedthatnearlyhalfoftherespondents（受访者）saidthatsuchdistressaffectedthemdaily，andthree-quartersagreedwiththestatementthat"thefutureisfrightening."This，andmanyotherstudies，showclearlythatclimatechangeisnotjustathreattotheenvironment.Italsoposesaveryrealthreattoourmentalhealth.

Psychologistshaveclassifiedthesefeelingsofsadness，distress，andworryaboutthecurrentclimateemergencyaseco-anxiety.AccordingtotheClimatePsychologyAlliance，eco-anxietyisdefinedasthe"intensephysicalandmentaldiscomfortinresponsetodangerouschangesintheclimatesystem."

Eco-anxietydoesn'tjustaffectyoungpeople.Italsoaffectsresearcherswhoworkinclimateandecologicalscience，burdenedbytherealitydiscoveredintheirfindings，anditaffectsthepoorpeopleacrosstheglobe，whohopelesslybeartheharmfulimpactsofclimatebreakdown.

Inrecentyears，we'veseenwildfirestearthroughCanadaandGreece，andsummerfloodsdestroyregionsinPakistanthatarehometonearly33millionpeople.Studieshaveshownthatthoseimpactedbyairpollutionandrisingtemperaturesaremorelikelytoexperiencementaldistress.

Thecauseofthismentaldistressisabsolutelyexternal.AccordingtoCarolineHickman，aresearcheroneco-anxietyfromtheUniversityofBath，anyoneexperiencingtheseemotionsisdisplayingentirelynaturalandrationalreactionstotheclimatecrisis.Hersuggestion？Takeeco-anxietyasatoolforgood—asanemotionthatcanurgepeopletoactinprotectionofourplanet.

Thisiswhy，in2024，wewillalsoseemorepeoplearoundtheworldjointhefightforclimatejusticeandapplyforjobsthatseeksustainabledevelopment.Eco-anxietyisnotsomethingwewilldefeatwiththerapy—wewillsolveitbytakingaction.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"distress"inparagraph1mean？______A.Shock. B.Anxiety. C.Fear. D.Anger.13.Whatiseco-anxietyaccordingtotheClimatePsychologyAlliance？______A.Itisastrongreactiontothenaturaldisasters.

B.Itisakindofmentaldiseasefortheyoungpeople.

C.Itisaphysicalandmentaldiscomfortwhenwemeetdifficulties.

D.Itisastrongphysicalandmentaldiscomfortforthedangerousclimatechanges.14.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph3？______A.Theprocessofeco-anxiety. B.Theimpactofeco-anxiety.

C.Thecausesofeco-anxiety. D.Thebenefitsofeco-anxiety.15.What'stheapproachtosolvingeco-anxietyaccordingtoCarolineHickman？______A.Defeatitwithatherapy.

B.Justwaitforagoodsolution.

C.Jointhefightforclimatejustice.

D.Useittourgepeopletoprotectourearth.二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。OnanArcticisland，anenormousvault（保险库）hasbeenbuiltdeepunderground.Likeanybankvault，itholdstreasures.（1）______Thisvaultholdsseedsfromfoodcropsaroundtheworld.

TheSvalbardGlobalSeedVaultisinNorway.Itisaseedbank，aplacetostoreandprotectseeds.Morethan800thousanddifferentseedsamplesresthere.Allaredriedandkeptintemperature-andmoisture-controlledconditions.（2）______

Manynationshavetheirownseedbanks，too.Onemainpurposeistomakesurethatevenifcropsfail，therewillstillbeseedsforfarmerstoplant.

（3）______Lossofdiversitycancauseproblems.ThatwasmadeclearinIrelandinthe1840s.Peoplegrewandatejustonekindofpotato，whichhadnodefensewhenadiseasestruck.Thepotatocropsfailed，andonemillionpeoplediedasaresult.

Seedsholdinformationforscientists.（4）______Theymightgrowintoplantsthatcanresistpestsanddisease.Theymightgrowwhereotherplantscan't.Eventheseedsofaninvasiveplantlikekudzuaresavedinseedbanks.Perhapsscientistswillfindouttheirusesomeday.

Anationcommonlyhasmorethanoneseedbank.Still，abackupplanisagoodidea.Floods，fires，war，andotherdisasterscandestroystorehousesofpreciousseeds.（5）______Theseedscomefromallovertheworld，andtheybelongtoeveryone，notjustonenation.

A.Butyouwon'tfindpreciousjewelsormetalshere.

B.That'swhytheSvalbardGlobalSeedVaultwascreated.

C.Anothermainpurposeofseedbanksistoprotectdiversity.

D.Theseedsofplantsthatarenolongerfarmedmaybeuseful.

E.Theywillstillhaveseedstoplant，cropstogrow，andfoodtoeat.

F.TheSvalbardGlobalSeedVaultisnicknamedtheDoomsdayVault.

G.Thismeanstheairinthevaultstaysdryandthetemperatureisalwaysthesame.16.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。Asachild，I'dspententireafternoons（1）______newworldsinmymindandgivinglifeto（2）______inmystoriesIwishedcouldbemyfriends.I'dwrittenmyselfintomyfavoritestoriessoIcouldbepartofthem.Writingwasapartofme；itwaswhoIwas.

However，inhighschoolI（3）______withwriter'sblock.BythetimeIwasincollege，I'dstoppedwritingentirely，（4）______thedreamremained.Iwantedto（5）______anoveloneday.ItwasthenthatIreadaninterviewwiththeBelgianwriterAmélieNothomb.Shesaidshe'dgocrazyifshedidn'twrite；sheneededtodoittostay（6）______.Herwordsmademefeel（7）______.ShewastellingmethatIwasn'treallyawriter.

OrsoIthought.Itriedagain，anditwaslikefeelingthesunonmyskin，orhearingsnowlightlyfall.Ihadn'trealizedit，butIhadn'treallybeenhappyuntilI（8）______mypenagain.Writingwasinmybloodafterall.

Finally，half-hours（9）______towritingstretchedintohours.Before，IhadbeenupsetallthetimebecauseIdidn'tadvancemywritingprojects.Now，everydaywasastepforward，andIwas（10）______withit.

Oneday，Iwasreadingastoryinalibrary.（11）______，anideahitmethatIwantedtosubmit（提交）afewstories.Ididn'tdoitinthehopestheywouldgetpublished.

Andthen，something（12）______happened.ThefirststoryIsubmittedwaschosenforpublication!WhenIgotthee-mail，Iwaswildwithjoyand（13）______aroundmykitchentable.

Thatmoment（14）______methatImustkeepwriting—notbecauseI'llgo（15）______，butbecauseIwanttokeepbeingcrazilyhappylikethat.21.A.creating B.defending C.shocking D.changing22.A.species B.images C.residents D.characters23.A.argued B.disagreed C.armed D.struggled24.A.asif B.eventhough C.dueto D.sothat25.A.read B.buy C.donate D.publish26.A.connected B.quiet C.awake D.polite27.A.scared B.upset C.curious D.delighted28.A.pickedup B.pickedout C.brokeout D.brokedown29.A.contributed B.devoted C.led D.attached30.A.satisfied B.strict C.angry D.concerned31.A.Frequently B.Typically C.Suddenly D.Hopefully32.A.amazing B.ordinary C.difficult D.boring33.A.hung B.danced C.turned D.looked34.A.instructed B.directed C.informed D.taught35.A.crazy B.blank C.wrong D.bankrupt四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。36.The（1）______（tradition）Chinesesolarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.The24solarterms，（2）______（determine）bychangesinthesun'spositioninthezodiacduringtheyear，werefirstusedinChinaandnowarefollowedinmanyotherpartsoftheworld.InChina，the24solarterms（3）______（create）thousandsofyearsagotoguideagriculturalproduction.

RainWaterthisyearstarts（4）______Feb19andendsonMar4.RainWater（5）______（signal）theincreaseinrainfallandriseintemperature.Withitsarrival，livelyspring-likescenerystartsblossoming.

RainWateris（6）______（common）regardedasthebesttimeoftheyeartoeatfreshbambooshoots.AndaccordingtotheBookofSongs，thecookingofbambooshootsinChinadatesbacktoover2，000yearsago.

Accordingto（7）______oldChinesesaying，therainfallinspringisaspreciousasoil.InnorthernChina，thespring（8）______（dry）iscommonandtherainfallofthisseasonisreallylow，（9）______accountsforonly10to15percentofannualaveragerainfall.Therefore，RainWaterisconsideredasakeyperiodforirrigation（灌溉）whenthedaygets（10）______（warm）andrainfallincreases.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。37.本学期学校每周放两天假，旨在让学生平衡好学习和休息，可是返校后部分同学存在抄作业、课堂困倦等不良现象。请你以校学生会主席身份向全校同学写一封英文倡议书，内容包括：

（1）说明问题并分析原因；

（2）提出至少两条建议并倡议营造浓厚学风。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80个左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dearfellowstudents，

_________

TheStudents'Union38.Edison，afive-year-oldboyhadaniceholidayontheBigIsland，Hawaiiwithhisparents.Thesunshoneonthegoldenbeach，andthesparklingseaunfoldedinfrontofthem.Therewerealargenumberofpeopleonvacation，andthehousesinthedistancewereneatlylinedup.AfterEdisonplayedforawhile，hesatonthebeach，enjoyingthebeautifultreesinthedistanceandlisteningtothecriesoftheseagulls.

However，havingrecentlyreturnedfromHawaii，theywereshockedbyaTVnews—adeadlywildfireonMauistealsHawaiians'homesandhistory.Scoresofbirdslaydeadontheground.Houseswereburnedtoruins，andcarsweredestroyed.

"Mum，dothekidshavenotoysorevenabed？"Edisonaskedsadly."WhatshallIdotohelpthem？"

"Willyoudonateyourpocketmoney？"Momasked.

"Sure，butthat'snotenough.Whataboutsettingupalemonadestandonthestreet？Ithinkpeoplearewillingtobuysomethingandgiveahelpinghand."

"Soundsgreat!Myboy."Dadagreed."Besidespinkandyellowlemonade，wecansellsandwiches，icecreams，candiesandsparkingwater（气泡水）."

"Let'sstarttomakethesethings.Itwon'ttakelong."Edisonurgedhisparents.

Thenextfewhourssawthisfamilymakingsandwichesandlemonade，puttingallthestuffonastand，withaboardsaying"FoodandLemonadeforHawaii.Onedollarpercup."

"Willpeoplebuyourstuff？"Edisonwondered.

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150个左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Soon，driversandpassers-bystoppedandmadegenerouspurchases._____

Thefamilydecidedtogotothedisaster-strickenislandandoffertheirtimeandefforts._____

答案和解析1~3.【答案】C、D、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段的However，theamountofsleepyouneedpernightismainlydeterminedbyyourage（然而，你每晚需要的睡眠时间主要取决于你的年龄），可知我们每晚需要多少睡眠的主要原因是我们的年龄，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据Sleepquality部分的第二段Ifyoursleepqualityispoor，youmayfindthatyoustillfeeltiredaftergettingwhatshouldbeconsideredenough（如果你的睡眠质量很差，你可能会发现你在得到应该被认为足够的睡眠后仍然感到疲倦），可知由于睡眠质量差，你虽然睡得够了，但还是觉得很累，故选D。

（3）文章出处题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段的Everyonehasuniqueneedsandpreferences，andindividualsleeprequirementsarenodifferent.However，theamountofsleepyouneedpernightismainlydeterminedbyyourage（每个人都有独特的需求和偏好，个人的睡眠需求也没有什么不同。然而，你每晚需要的睡眠时间主要取决于你的年龄），可知本文主要介绍睡眠的问题，所以这篇文章最有可能来自健康杂志，故选B。

这是一篇应用文，介绍了与睡眠有关的几方面的问题。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。4~7.【答案】D、B、B、A【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段henmysonRyanwassixyearsoldandinfirstgrade，histeacher，Nancy，talkedtohisclassaboutdevelopingcountriesandhowtheycouldhelppeople，particularlychildren，inotherpartsoftheworld.Sheexplainedthatbesidesnothavingtoysorenoughfood，someofthemdidn'tevenhavecleanwater.（当我的儿子瑞安六岁上一年级时，他的老师南希在班上讲发展中国家，以及它们如何帮助世界其他地区的人们，特别是儿童。她解释说，除了没有玩具和足够的食物，他们中的一些人甚至没有干净的水。）以及第二段WhenRyanheardpeoplediedbecausetheydidn'thavecleanwater，hewasdeeplyaffected.Hecamehomethatdayandinsistedheneededseventydollarsforclass.（当瑞恩听说有人因为没有干净的水而死亡时，他深受影响。那天他回到家，坚持说他需要70美元。）可知是Nancy的解释激励Ryan去帮助发展中国家的孩子。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Seventydollarswouldbuyawell.WhenRyanheardpeoplediedbecausetheydidn'thavecleanwater，hewasdeeplyaffected.Hecamehomethatdayandinsistedheneededseventydollarsforclass.（70美元可以买一口井。当瑞恩听说有人因为没有干净的水而死亡时，他深受影响。那天他回到家，坚持说他需要70美元的学费。）可知Ryan决定出钱给孩子们打一口井。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段WhentheOttawaCitizendidastoryonRyan'swell，webegantoreceivedonationsatleastonceaweek.PeoplefromalloverwerecatchingRyan'sdreamandwereinspiredtogive（当《渥太华公民报》报道了瑞安的井后，我们开始每周至少收到一次捐款。来自世界各地的人们都在追随瑞安的梦想，并受到鼓舞去捐赠。）可知《渥太华公民报》报道了瑞安的井之后人们受到鼓舞而伸出援助之手。故选B。

（4）标题归纳题。阅读全文可知本文主要讲述了当瑞恩听老师说有人因为没有干净的水而死亡时，他深受影响，他想帮助那些孩子们，给他们打一口井。《渥太华公民报》报道了瑞安的井之后人们受到鼓舞而伸出援助之手。所以"A.Ryan'sWellofLife瑞安的《生命之井》"为最佳标题。故选A。

本文是一篇新闻报道，当瑞恩听老师说有人因为没有干净的水而死亡时，他深受影响，他想帮助那些孩子们，给他们打一口井。《渥太华公民报》报道了瑞安的井之后人们受到鼓舞而伸出援助之手。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。8~11.【答案】B、C、A、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Oncetrained，theAIprovideditspredictionbylisteningforsignsofincomingearthquakeswithinthebackgroundrumblings（隆隆声）intheEarth.（经过训练后，人工智能通过在地球上隆隆作响的背景中倾听即将到来的地震的迹象来提供预测。）可知，人工智能通过分析地球上的背景声音来预测地震。故选B。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段ThisworkisclearlyamilestoneinresearchforAI-drivenearthquakeprediction.（这项工作显然是人工智能驱动地震预测研究的一个里程碑。）可知，AlexandrosSavvaidis打算在第3段中展示开发人工智能预测的重要性。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据第四段ThenextstepistotestartificialintelligenceinTexas，sinceUT'sBureauTexNethas300earthquakestationsandoversixyearsworthofcontinuousrecords，makingitanideallocationforthesepurposes.（下一步是在得克萨斯州测试人工智能，因为UT的TexNet局有300个地震站和超过六年的连续记录，使其成为实现这些目的的理想地点。）可知，后续研究的重点是在不同的地点进行测试。故选A。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Eventually，theauthorshopetocombinethesystemwithphysics-basedmodels.Thisstrategycouldproveespeciallyimportantwheredataispoororlacking."Thatmaybealongwayoff，butmanyadvancessuchasthisone，takentogether，arewhatmovesscienceforward，"concludesScottTinker，thebureau'sdirector.（最终，作者希望将该系统与基于物理的模型相结合。在数据较差或缺乏的情况下，这一策略可能会被证明特别重要。该局局长ScottTinker总结道："这可能还有很长的路要走，但像这样的许多进步加在一起，才是推动科学进步的动力。"）可知，地震预报技术是先进的和有前途的。A.Stablebutoutdated稳定的但过时的；B.Effectivebutcostly有效的但代价高昂的；C.Potentialandeconomical有潜力的和节约的；D.Advancedandpromising先进的和有前途的。故选D。

本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了一种利用人工智能预测地震的方法。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析。12~15.【答案】B、D、B、D【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据第一段Arecentglobalstudy，whichsurveyed10，000youngpeoplefrom10countries，showedthatnearly60percentofthemwereextremelyworriedaboutthefuturestateoftheplanet.Thereportalsoshowedthatnearlyhalfoftherespondents（受访者）saidthatsuchdistressaffectedthemdaily，andthree-quartersagreedwiththestatementthat"thefutureisfrightening."（最近的一项全球研究对来自10个国家的10000名年轻人进行了调查，结果显示，近60%的年轻人对地球的未来状况极为担忧。报告还显示，近一半的受访者表示，这种焦虑每天都在影响他们，四分之三的人同意"未来令人恐惧"的说法）可知，distress意为"焦虑"。A.Shock冲击；B.Anxiety焦虑；C.Fear恐惧；D.Anger愤怒。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段AccordingtotheClimatePsychologyAlliance，eco-anxietyisdefinedasthe"intensephysicalandmentaldiscomfortinresponsetodangerouschangesintheclimatesystem."（根据气候心理学联盟的说法，生态焦虑被定义为"对气候系统危险变化的强烈身心不适"）可知，根据气候心理学联盟的说法，生态焦虑是对于危险的气候变化来说，这是一种强烈的身心不适。故选D。

（3）段落大意题。根据第三段Eco-anxietydoesn'tjustaffectyoungpeople.Italsoaffectsresearcherswhoworkinclimateandecologicalscience，burdenedbytherealitydiscoveredintheirfindings，anditaffectsthepoorpeopleacrosstheglobe，whohopelesslybeartheharmfulimpactsofclimatebreakdown.（生态焦虑不仅影响年轻人。它也影响到从事气候和生态科学工作的研究人员，他们被研究结果中发现的现实所拖累，也影响到全球各地的穷人，他们无可救药地承受着气候崩溃的有害影响。）可知，第三段主要介绍了生态焦虑的影响。故选B。

（4）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Takeeco-anxietyasatoolforgood—asanemotionthatcanurgepeopletoactinprotectionofourplanet.（把生态焦虑作为一种有益的工具一种可以促使人们采取行动保护我们星球的情绪。）可知，卡罗琳•希克曼认为，解决生态焦虑的方法是用它敦促人们保护我们的地球。故选D。

本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了现在很多人有生态焦虑，它的影响巨大，我们可以利用它敦促人们保护地球。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析。16~20.【答案】A、G、C、D、B【解析】（1）语境衔接题。根据上文OnanArcticisland，anenormousvault（保险库）hasbeenbuiltdeepunderground.Likeanybankvault，itholdstreasures（在北极的一个岛屿上，一个巨大的保险库建在地下深处。就像任何银行金库一样，它储藏着珍宝）以及下文Thisvaultholdsseedsfromfoodcropsaroundtheworld（这个金库储藏着世界各地粮食作物的种子），可知表示"但是你在这里找不到贵重的珠宝或金属"的选项A可以承接上下文，介绍这个种子银行和普通银行存放的东西不同，故选A。

（2）联系上文题。根据上文Allaredriedandkeptintemperature-andmoisture-controlledconditions（所有的都被干燥并保存在温度和湿度控制的条件下），可知表示"这意味着地窖里的空气保持干燥，温度始终保持不变"的选项G可以承接上文，介绍这个地窖的条件，故选G。

（3）主题判断题。根据下文Lossofdiversitycancauseproblems（多样性的丧失会带来问题），可知表示"种子银行的另一个主要目的是保护多样性"的选项C可以作为本段的主题句，介绍种子银行保护多样性的目的，故选C。

（4）联系下文题。根据下文Theymightgrowintoplantsthatcanresistpestsanddisease.Theymightgrowwhereotherplantscan't（它们可能会长成能够抵抗病虫害的植物。它们可以生长在其他植物不能生长的地方），可知表示"不再耕种的植物种子可能有用"的选项D符合语境，介绍不再耕种的植物种子的作用，故选D。

（5）联系上文题。根据上文Floods，fires，war，andotherdisasterscandestroystorehousesofpreciousseeds（洪水、火灾、战争和其他灾难会摧毁储存珍贵种子的仓库），可知表示"这就是为什么要建立斯瓦尔巴群岛全球种子库"的选项B可以承接上文，构成因果关系，故选B。

这是一篇说明文，介绍了斯瓦尔巴群岛全球种子库的条件以及重要性。

七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。21~35.【答案】A、D、D、B、D、C、B、A、B、A、C、A、B、D、A【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.creating创造；B.defending防御；C.shocking使震惊；D.changing改变。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我花了整个下午的时间在我的脑海中创造新的世界，给我的故事中的人物赋予生命，我希望他们能成为我的朋友。根据上文"Asachild"以及"newworldsinmymind"可知，作者花了整个下午的时间在自己的脑海中创造新的世界。故选A项。

（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.species物种；B.images印象；C.residents居民；D.characters人物。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我花了整个下午的时间在我的脑海中创造新的世界，给我的故事中的人物赋予生命，我希望他们能成为我的朋友。根据下文"inmystories"可知，作者给故事中的人物赋予生命。故选D项。

（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.argued争论；B.disagreed不同意；C.armed武装；D.struggled挣扎。句意：然而，在高中的时候，我遇到了写作瓶颈。根据上文"However，"可知，作者在写作上遇到了瓶颈。故选D项。

（4）考查连接词及语境理解。A.asif好像；B.eventhough即使；C.dueto由于；D.sothat以致于。句意：到我上大学的时候，我完全停止了写作，尽管我的梦想还在。根据句意可知，前后句为转折关系。故选B项。

（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.read读；B.buy买；C.donate捐赠；D.publish出版。句意：我想有一天出版一本小说。根据下文"getpublished"可知，作者想出版一本小说。故选D项。

（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.connected连接的；B.quiet安静的；C.awake醒着的；D.polite礼貌的。句意：她需要这么做来保持清醒。根据上文"Shesaidshe'dgocrazyifshedidn'twrite"可知，写作能让她保持清醒，不写作让她疯狂。故选C项。

（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.scared害怕的；B.upset心烦意乱的；C.curious好奇的；D.delighted高兴的。句意：她的话使我心烦意乱。根据下文"ShewastellingmethatIwasn'treallyawriter."可知，作者心烦意乱。故选B项。

（8）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.pickedup捡起；B.pickedout挑选出；C.brokeout爆发；D.brokedown崩溃。句意：我没有意识到这一点，但直到我再次拿起笔，我才真正感到快乐。根据上文"happy"可知，再次拿起笔让作者快乐。故选A项。

（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.contributed促成；B.devoted投入（时间、精力等）；C.led引领；D.attached系上，贴上。句意：最后，花在写作上的半小时变成了几个小时。根据下文"stretchedintohours"可知，花在写作上的半小时变成了几个小时。故选B项。

（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.satisfied满意的；B.strict严格的；C.angry愤怒的；D.concerned相关的。句意：现在，每一天都是向前迈进一步，我很满意。根据上文"everydaywasastepforward"可知，每一天都是向前迈进一步，作者很满意。故选A项。

（11）考查副词及语境理解。A.Frequently频繁地；B.Typically典型地；C.Suddenly突然地；D.Hopefully有希望地。句意：突然，我有了一个想法，我想提交一些故事。根据上文"Oneday，Iwasreadingastoryinalibrary"以及"wantedtosubmit（提交）afewstories"可知，突然，作者有了一个想法。故选C项。

（12）考查形容词及语境理解。A.amazing神奇的；B.ordinary普通的；C.difficult困难的；D.boring令人厌烦的。句意：然后，神奇的事情发生了。根据下文"ThefirststoryIsubmittedwaschosenforpublication!"可知，一个突然的想法导致了自己的作品出版了，所以神奇的事情发生了。故选A项。

（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.hung悬挂；B.danced跳舞；C.turned转向；D.looked看。句意：当我收到这封电子邮件时，我欣喜若狂，围着厨房的桌子跳舞。根据上文"Iwaswildwithjoy"可知，作者围着厨房的桌子跳舞。故选B项。

（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.instructed指示；B.directed给……指路；C.informed告知；D.taught教授。句意：那一刻教会了我，我必须继续写作——不是因为我会发疯，而是因为我想保持那种疯狂的快乐。根据语境可知，作者的作品出版了，所以那一刻教会了作者必须继续写作。故选D项。

（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.crazy疯狂的；B.blank空白的；C.wrong错误的；D.bankrupt破产的。句意：那一刻教会了我，我必须继续写作——不是因为我会发疯，而是因为我想保持那种疯狂的快乐。根据下文"beingcrazily"可知，不是因为作者会发疯，而是因为作者想保持那种疯狂的快乐。故选A项。

这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者写作的过程。

完形填空题的解题步骤：

1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感