适用于新高考新教材备战2025届高考英语一轮总复习高考题型组合练Unit5Intotheunknown课件外研版选择性必修第四册

Unit5

IntotheunknownⅠ.阅读理解ⅠⅡⅢⅣAHaveyoueverwonderedwhatanimalsaretalkingabout?WiththedevelopmentofAI,wemaybeabletounderstandtheirlanguages!InProfessorKarenBakker’snewbook,The

Sounds

of

Life:How

Digital

Technology

Is

Bringing

Us

Closer

to

the

Worlds

of

Animals

and

Plants,shetalksabouthowAIishelpingustomakeananimalversionofGoogleTranslate.ⅠⅡⅢⅣAllaroundtheanimalkingdom,therearesoundsthatwecanhardlypickupandunderstand.Elephants,forexample,talkwitheachotherusinginfrasound(次声波)—farbelowourhumanhearingrange.Corals(珊瑚)intheoceanalsosendsoundwavestoattractbabycoralstosaferareastogrow.Thisissurprisingascoralsdon’thaveanyears!Scientistshaveplacedlisteningequipmentintotheseenvironmentstopickupthesoundshumanscannothear.Afterthesoundsarerecorded,AIcanstudytheirmeaning,accordingtothenewswebsiteVox.Forexample,someresearchersusedAItotranslatebats’15,000calls.Theyfoundthatmorethan60percentwereargumentsaboutfourthings:food,sleeppositions,occupationofpersonalspace,andunwantedadvances.ⅠⅡⅢⅣThistechnologycannotonlyunderstandtheanimalsbutcommunicatebacktothem.Forexample,beesusedancestocommunicate.AresearchteaminGermany,therefore,putthebeelanguageAIsystemintoarobotbee.Theyaskedtherobottocreateadanceroutetotellthebeeswherethenectar(花蜜)was,Voxreported.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了能听懂动物语言的人工智能技术。

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ1.WhatisKarenBakker’snewbookmainlyabout?A.HowAIhelpstranslateanimals’sounds.B.WhyAIcanhelppeopleresearchanimals.C.HowAIhelpspeopledotranslationsbetter.D.Whyanimalsneedhelpfromhumanbeings.答案

A

解析

细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,Karen

Bakker的新书主要讲的是人工智能如何帮助翻译动物的声音。故选A项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ2.Whatdoweknowaboutthesoundsmadebyanimals?A.Nosoundsbyanimalscanbeheardbyhumans.B.Thesoundsguaranteeanimalssaferareastolive.C.Coralshaveearstosendandreceivesoundwaves.D.Elephants’soundwavesarebeyondhumanhearingrange.答案

D

解析

细节理解题。根据第三段中的“All

around

the

animal

kingdom,there

are

sounds

that

we

can

hardly

pick

up

and

understand.Elephants,for

example,talk

with

each

other

using

infrasound—far

below

our

human

hearing

range.”可知,大象的声波是人类听不见的。故选D项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ3.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Theargumentsofbats.B.Therecordingofanimalsounds.C.Thecontentsofthenewswebsite.D.ThefindingsofAItranslation.答案

D

解析

段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知,第四段主要讲的是人工智能翻译的发现。故选D项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.Howcouldscientiststellbeeswherethenectarwas?A.Bylearningthebeelanguage.B.BycreatingaroutewithAIsystem.C.Byemployingarobotbeeastheirguide.D.Byaskingarobotbeetoteachthemdance.答案

C

解析

细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“A

research

team

in

Germany,therefore,put

the

bee

language

AI

system

into

a

robot

bee.They

asked

the

robot

to

create

a

dance

route

to

tell

the

bees

where

the

nectar

was,Vox

reported.”可知,科学家通过用一只机器蜜蜂做向导来告诉蜜蜂花蜜在哪里。故选C项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣB“MonaLisa’s”famoussmileisroutinelydescribedasambiguous.Butisitreallythathardtoread?Apparentlynot.Inanunusualtrial,closeto100percentofpeopledescribedherexpressionas“happy”.The“MonaLisa”isoftenheldupasasymbolofemotionalmystery.Kornmeier,theGermanscientist,andateamuseditinastudyoffactorsthatinfluencehowhumansjudgevisualcluessuchasfacialexpressions.UsingacopyofthemasterpiecebyLeonardodaVinci,theteammovedthemodel’smouthcornersslightlyupanddowntocreateeightalteredimages.Theycreatedfour“happier”andfour“sadder”“MonaLisas”.ⅠⅡⅢⅣAblockofnineimageswereshownto12trialparticipants30times.Ineveryshowingthepictureswererandomlyrearranged.Thenparticipantshadtodescribeeachofthenineimagesashappyorsad.“Giventhedescriptionsfromartandarthistory,wethoughtthattheoriginalwouldbethemostambiguous,”Kornmeiersaid.Instead,“wefoundthatDaVinci’soriginalwasperceivedashappyin97percentofcases.”Thesecondexperimentinvolvedtheoriginal“MonaLisa”witheight“sadder”versions.Theseweregivenevenmoresubtle(微妙的)differencesintheliptilt(倾斜).Inthistest,theoriginalwasstilldescribedashappy.However,participants’readingoftheotherimageschanged.“Theywereperceivedalittlesadderthaninthefirstexperiment,”saidKornmeier.ⅠⅡⅢⅣThefindingsconfirmthat“wedon’thaveanabsolutefixedscaleofhappinessandsadnessinourbrain”—andthatalotdependsoncontext,theresearcherexplained.Understandingthisprocessmaybeusefulinthestudyofpsychiatric(精神病学的)disorders.Asforthemasterpieceitself,theteambelievetheirworkhasfinallysettledacenturies-oldquestion.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是德国科学家Kornmeier和他的团队用《蒙娜丽莎》来研究影响人类如何判断面部表情等视觉线索的因素。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ambiguous”meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Strange. B.Happy.C.Sad. D.Unclear.答案

D

解析

词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“But

is

it

really

that

hard

to

read?”可知,很多人觉得蒙娜丽莎的微笑是难解读的,也就是搞不清楚蒙娜丽莎的微笑,因此画线词ambiguous的意思是“不明朗的”,和unclear意思相近。故选D项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ6.WhatisthepurposeofthestudyledbyKornmeier?A.Tocreatecopiesofalteredimages.B.Toansweracenturies-oldquestion.C.Toanalyzewhataffectshumans’visualjudgement.D.Todescribetheambiguoussmileofthemasterpiece.答案

C

解析

推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Kornmeier,the

German

scientist,and

a

team

used

it

in

a

study

of

factors

that

influence

how

humans

judge

visual

clues

such

as

facial

expressions.”可知,Kornmeier领导的这项研究的目的是分析影响人类视觉判断的因素。故选C项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ7.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstexperiment?A.Theexperimentwasrandomlyarranged.B.Theresultprovedtheoriginalassumption.C.Thecopiesdifferedin“MonaLisa’s”mouthcorner.D.Altogether30differentimageswereshowntotheparticipants.答案

C

解析

细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Using

a

copy

of

the

masterpiece

by

Leonardo

da

Vinci,the

team

moved

the

model’s

mouth

corners

slightly

up

and

down

to

create

eight

altered

images.They

created

four‘happier’and

four‘sadder’‘Mona

Lisas’.”可知,我们能从第一个实验中了解到复制品的不同之处在于蒙娜丽莎的嘴角。故选C项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ8.WhatwillKornmeieragreewithaccordingtothefindings?A.Humans’visualjudgementwillchangewithcontext.B.Humansarebetteratrecognizinghappinessthansadness.C.“MonaLisa’s”smileisrelatedwithpsychiatricdisorders.D.Thestudyresultcanbeusedtotreatpatientswithmentaldisorders.答案

A

解析

细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The

findings

confirm

that

‘we

don’t

have

an

absolute

fixed

scale

of

happiness

and

sadness

in

our

brain’—and

that

a

lot

depends

on

context,the

researcher

explained.”可知,Kornmeier会同意的是人类的视觉判断会随着环境的变化而变化。故选A项。Ⅱ.七选五ⅠⅡⅢⅣThemeaningofhappinessis,toanextent,subjective.Butexpertswesurveyedemphasizethesamecocktailofingredients:asenseofcontrolandindependence,beingguidedbymeaningandpurpose,andconnectingwithothers.

1

Spendingtimewithfamilyoutsideofthehouse,andwithfriendsinanon-professionalsetting,arestronglyrecommended.Themajoritydobothatleastonceaweek.

2

JohnZelenski,apsychologyprofessoratCarletonUniversity,describessocialrelationshipsasthechiefbuildingblocksofhappiness.“Weallbenefitfromclosefriendshipsandageneralsenseofrespectandbelonginginacommunity,”hesays.

ⅠⅡⅢⅣMentalwell-beinghaslongbeenlinkedtosufficientsleep,andourrespondentsprioritizegettingatleastsevenhoursanight.

3

Respondentssaytheyfititinthreetosixtimesweekly.

4

Morethanhalfoftheexpertsreportdoingsoatleastthreetimesaweek.EmilianaSimon-Thomas,sciencedirectorattheUniversityofCalifornia,notesthatwhenshe’sstressed,shetakesawalkandmarvelsatflowers,plants,birds,insects.

ⅠⅡⅢⅣShealsocountsbreathingexercises,readingpoetry,andwatchingstand-upcomedyamonghergo-tocopingstrategiesonbaddays.Otherexpertsovercomeunhelpfulthoughts,anxieties,andstressorsbyrevisitingfavoritebooks,listeningtosongs,orjournaling.JennLimremindsherselftostaycuriousandbegentleonherself.“Ifit’swithinmycontrol,thenIcanactbetteronit,”shesays.

5

Beinghappyis,afterall,auniversalandancientpursuit.Takecomfortintheknowledgethatevenexpertsfindittobeaconcepthardtodefineattimes.ⅠⅡⅢⅣA.Andifit’swithout,sheknowstoletitgo.B.Someattachimportancetootherentertainments.C.Manygathersociallythreetofourtimesaweek.D.Exercisingorplayingsportsisanothersharedhabit.E.Mostrespondentssetspacefortheseintereststwiceaweek.F.Andtheylargelyagreehappinesscanbemeasuredandtaught.G.Anadditionalkeytounlockinghappinessmightbenearingnature.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ答案及解析

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些能让人们幸福的事情。1.F

上文“But

experts

we

surveyed

emphasize

the

same

cocktail

of

ingredients:a

sense

of

control

and

independence,being

guided

by

meaning

and

purpose,and

connecting

with

others.”指出专家对幸福的看法,空处承接上文,继续描述专家对幸福的看法,F项“他们基本上同意幸福是可以衡量和教导的”符合,其中“they”代指上文提到的experts。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ2.C

上文“Spending

time

with

family

outside

of

the

house,and

with

friends

in

a

non-professional

setting,are

strongly

recommended.The

majority

do

both

at

least

once

a

week.”提到我们要与家人待在屋外,与朋友在非专业的环境下相处,大多数人每周至少这样做一次,空处承接上文,C项“许多人一周聚会三到四次”符合,与上文“The

majority

do

both

at

least

once

a

week.”为并列关系,列举了人们这样做的次数。3.D

上文“Mental

well-being

has

long

been

linked

to

sufficient

sleep,and

our

respondents

prioritize

getting

at

least

seven

hours

a

night.”提到受访者都有一个共同的习惯就是充足的睡眠,D项“锻炼或运动是另一个共同的习惯”指出受访者其他的习惯,即锻炼或运动,下文“Respondents

say

they

fit

it

in

three

to

six

times

weekly.”进一步解释了他们锻炼或运动的频次,it代指选项中的“Exercising

or

playing

sports”。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.G

下文“More

than

half

of

the

experts

report

doing

so

at

least

three

times

a

week.Emiliana

Simon-Thomas,science

director

at

the

University

of

California,notes

that

when

she’s

stressed,she

takes

a

walk

and

marvels

at

flowers,plants,birds,insects.”指出接近自然能让人们感到幸福,G项“开启幸福的另一个关键可能是接近自然”能概括本段内容。5.A

上文“Jenn

Lim

reminds

herself

to

stay

curious

and

be

gentle

on

herself.‘If

it’s

within

my

control,then

I

can

act

better

on

it,’she

says.”可知,珍林认为如果好奇心在自己的控制范围之内,那么她可以做得更好,空处承接上文,继续对此进行描述,A项“如果没有,她知道该放手”假设好奇心不在自己的控制范围内该如何做。Ⅲ.语法填空ⅠⅡⅢⅣItisfamiliartousChinesethattheyearof2023istheYearoftheRabbit,1.

remindsusofthe“rabbit”onthemoon,China’sYutu-2lunarrover(月球车).

TheYutu-2isnamed2.

thepetrabbitoftheChinesemoongoddessChang’e.OnJanuary3,2019,theroverwasbroughttothefarsideofthemoonbyChina’sChang’e-4lunarprobe.Itwasthefirst-eversoftlandingonthe3.

(previous)unchartedareaofthelunarsurface.

which

after

previously

ⅠⅡⅢⅣTheChang’e-4lunarprobeconsistsofalanderandtheYutu-2rover.Beforeitslaunch,arelaysatellite4.

(send)intospaceinMay2018tofacilitateearth-mooncommunication.Sofar,theroverhascollected5._______

(value)dataonsolarwind,soil,gel-likerocksanddeadvolcanoes.ThedataandimagessentbackbytheYutu-2haveenhancedgeographyknowledgeofthelandingsite,6.

(deepen)understandingoftheformationandevolutionofthemoon.

Ofthemanypicturesofthelunarlandscape7.

(take)bytheYutu-2,onesquareobjectcausedgreatdebateamongpeopleonEarth.Whentheroverfinallyapproachedtheobject,itturnedouttobe8.______________

rabbit-shapedrock.Whataninterestingcoincidence!

wassentvaluable

deepening

taken

aⅠⅡⅢⅣTheYutu-29.

(travel)morethan1,400metersonthefarsideofthemoontillnow.Itwillcontinuetouncovermore10.__________

(mystery)ofthemoon.

hastravelledmysteries

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ答案及解析

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的“玉兔二号”月球车的探月过程及其产生的深远意义。1.which

考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句,关系词指代前面整句话的内容,作主语,故填which。2.after

考查介词。be

named

after以……名字命名。3.previously

考查词性转换。此处修饰形容词uncharted,应用副词作状语。故填previously。4.was

sent

考查动词的时态和语态。根据in

May

2018可知,应用一般过去时,send与a

relay

satellite是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态,且主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数。故填was

sent。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ5.valuable

考查词性转换。此处修饰名词data,应用形容词作定语。6.deepening

考查非谓语动词。此处表示前面动作产生的一种自然的结果,即属预料之中的事,应用现在分词作结果状语。7.taken

考查非谓语动词。take与pictures是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词作定语。8.a

考查冠词。此处泛指“一块兔子形状的岩石”,应用不定冠词,rabbit-shaped是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,应用a。9.has

travelled/has

traveled

考查动词的时态。根据till

now可知,此处使用现在完成时,主语是单数,助动词使用has。10.mysteries

考查名词的数。mystery“奥秘”是可数名词,前面有more,数量大于一,应用名词复数形式。Ⅳ.应用文写作ⅠⅡⅢⅣ假定你是李华,学校英文报以“VoluntaryWorkReallyCounts”为主题于上周末在学校展开了一次问卷调查。请你根据下列饼状图的调查结果用英文写一份报告投稿,内容包括:1.调查的目的;2.调查的结果;3.你的看法。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请在相应位置作答。ⅠⅡⅢⅣVoluntary

Work

Really

Counts________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________