Unit3知识点全面背记清单-高中英语人教版

必修三Unit3知识点全面背记清单人教版（2019）（单词、句型、语法、习作）Unit3一．教材词汇及其用法1.diverse[daɪˈvɜːs]adj 不同的;多种多样的diversity n. 差异(性);不同(点);多样性diversifyv.使多样化diverselyadv.不同地，各种各样地Thebeautyoftheworldliesinthediversityofitspeople.世界之美源自人之多样。Individualdiversitywillleadtodifferentresultsinthesecondlanguagelearning2.fortune[ˈfɔːtʃuːn]n.机会;运气fortunecookie 幸运曲奇Fortuneneverhelpsthemanwhosecouragefails.运气永远不会帮助没有勇气的人。Ienviedhergoodfortune我羡慕她的好运气。(1)makeafortune发财havethegoodfortunetodo...有幸做……tryone'sfortune碰运气seekone'sfortune寻找成功致富之路;闯世界fortunateadj.幸运的fortunatelyadv.幸运地;吉利地unfortunatelyadv.不幸地①He_________bysellinghouseswhenyoung.年轻时，他靠卖房子发了财。②Manyyoungpeoplewanttoliveinbigcities___________许多年轻人想生活在大城市里来寻找成功致富之路。3.gumbo[ˈgʌmbəʊ]n. 秋葵汤(用秋葵英做的浓鸡汤或海鲜汤4.nachos[ˈnætʃəʊz] n. [pl]墨西哥玉米片5.chip[tʃɪp]n. (英)炸土豆条;(美)炸薯片;芯片;碎片chipsofwood碎木屑6.cheese[tʃiːz] n.干酪;奶酪acheesesandwich/salad奶酪三明治/色拉7.spicy[ˈspaɪsi]adj. 加有香料的;辛辣的Thesouptastedmildlyspicy.汤尝起来略有点辣.8.ethnic[ˈeθnɪk]adj. 具有民族特色的;异国风味的;民族的;种族的9.admit[əd'mɪt]vi.＆vt.承认vt.准许进入(或加入)Ihavetoadmitthatitdefinitelyfeelsgoodtobebackinthecityagain.我得承认，再次回到城里的感觉实在是太棒了。Shestubbornlyrefusestoadmitthetruth.admit...to/into...准许…进人…准许……加人……beadmittedto/into….被……录取；被……接纳:成为……的一员admit(to)sth.承认某事admittosb.that...向某人承认……admitdoingsth./havingdonesth.承认做了某事admit(that)...承认……admissionn.[C]承认,招认:[U.C]准许加人;[U]人场费gain/obtainadmissionto/into...获准进人/加人……[名师点津]admit后跟动词ing形式,但不能跟不定式作宾语。(1).Sheapologizedtomeandadmitted________(take)myumbrellabymistake.(2)Sheapologizedtomeandadmitted(to)havingtakenmyumbrellabymistake.(3).NewscamefromtheschoolthatWangLin____(admit)to/intoPekingUniversity.10.definitely [ˈdefɪnətli] adv. 肯定;确实11.occur[əˈkɜː(r)] vi. 发生;出现Theearthquakeoccuredin1906Culturaldifferencesoccurwhereveryougo.ItoccurredtomethatIcouldhavethebooksenttomeoccur—occurred—occurredoccurringsth.occurtosb.被某人想到Itoccurstosbtodosth某人想到做某事Itoccurs/occurredtosb.that…某人想到(1)Agoodideaoccurred________meallatonce.(2)___________occurredto/struck/hitherthatsheshouldadoptthehomelesschild.12.downtown[ˈdaʊntaʊn]adv.在市中心;往市中心workdowntown在商业中心区工作13.mission [ˈmɪʃn] n. 传教(区);重要任务;使命afactfindingmission核查事实的工作14.district [ˈdɪstrɪkt] n. 地区;区域aschooldistrict学区15.graffiti [ɡrəˈfiːti]n. [pl]涂鸦;胡写乱画16ic[ˈkɒmɪk] n. 连环画杂志;漫画杂志;喜剧演员adj.滑稽的;使人发笑的Theplayisbothicandtragic.这部剧既滑稽又悲惨。I

saw

the

child

reading

a

ic.

17.afterwards ad. 以后;后来18.headto/for(朝…)前进;(向…)去1).Heheadedto/forthebusstop.2).Ifyouworkhardandnevergiveup,youwillheadforsuccesssoonerorlater.19.historical [hɪˈstɒrɪkl] adj. (有关)历史的主要指历史上发生过或存在过的,侧重强调其真实性.如：ahistoricalnovel历史小说ahistoricalcharacter历史人物historic主要指历史上有名或具有历史意义,侧重强调其影响性。如：

ahistoriccharacter历史名人ahistoricbuilding具有历史意义的建筑20.seek [siːk](1)vt&vi.寻求,谋求;寻找;v.(向人)请求(2)vi.试图,设法seeksoughtsought的过去式Over300,000peoplecamefromallovertheworldtoseektheirfortune,seek(for)sth./sb.寻找某物/某人过去分词均为seek...fromsb.向某人请求……seekone'sfortune外出寻找发财机会,外出闯荡seektodosth.(=trytodosth.)试图做某事,设法做某事seekout挑选出;物色到Heisamanwholikesseeking_________wealthandpower.(2)Hesought_________hisfriendinthecrowd.21.earn[ɜːn](1)vt&vi.赚得,挣得(2)v.博得,赢得Toearnaliving,someopenedupshopsandrestaurantinChinatown.为了谋生,有些人在唐人街开起了商店和餐馆。earntherespect/trustofsb.(=earnsb.'srespect/trust)赢得某人的尊敬/信任earnmoney=makemoney赚钱,挣钱earnone's/aliving(by…)(靠……)谋生相当于earnaliving谋生earnsb..….为某人赢得/博得……earnsb.aplace赢得一席之地earnfame/areputation赢得名声He____________bysellingnewspaperswhenhewasyoung.他年轻时靠卖报谋生。22.immigrant[ˈɪmɪɡrənt] n. (外来)移民;外侨23.select [sɪˈlekt]vt. 选择;挑选;选拔selectionn.挑选；选择selectiveadj选择认真的IselectedaCantoneserestaurantthatserveditsfoodonbeautifulchinaplates.我挑了一家粤菜馆,他们端出来的食物是放在精美的瓷盘子上的。selectsb.todosth.挑选某人做某事selectsb.as...挑选某人担任……awideselectionof..各种各样(1)Yorkwasselected_______thesitefortheresearch.(2)Simonhasbeenselected____(go)toattendtheconference24.china n. 瓷;瓷器25.bar[bɑː(r)] n. 酒吧;小吃店;小馆子Wemetatabar26.diagram [ˈdaɪəɡræm] n. 简图;图解;图表;示意图27.journal [ˈdʒɜːnl] n. 日志;日记;报纸;刊物28.claim(1)vt.(灾难、事故等)都走，夺去(生命)(2)v.&n.[C]声称,宣称,断言(3)v.索要,索取;vt.认领n[C](尤指向公司、政府等)索款,索赔Over3,000livesereclaimedinthe19usSanFranciscoearthquakeandtheseriesoffiresthatoccurredafter.在1906年日金山地震和随后发生的一连串的灾灾中，有3000多人丧生claim(that)….声称……Itisclaimedthat...据说……claimtodosth.声称做某事claimtohavedonesth.声称做过某事makeaclaim索赔Iftheproblemisinthegoodsitself,youmaymake_____claimonthesupplier.Severalpassersby__________(claim)tohavewitnessedtheaccident.Thecaraccident__________(claim)fivelivessofar.29.series [ˈsɪəriːz] n. 一系列;连续;接连seriesof 一系列或一连串(事件)30..apartfrom (especiallyNAMEasidefrom 除了……外(还);此外Apartfrombeingthekingdomofflowers,itishometomanyethnicminoritygroups.(云南)除了是花的王国以外，还是许多少数民族的居住地。apartfrom相当于asidefrom,后接名词、代词或ving作宾语,apartfrom有以下两种含义:(1)除了……外(还),此外,加之(相当于inadditionto,besides或aswellas)Apartfromitsgeographicaldiversity,Canada'smanyareasreflectthediversityofitsresidents.除了其地理上的多样性,加拿大的许多地区还反映了其居民的多样性。(2)除了……外(都)(相当于exceptfor或but)Wedidn'tseeanyoneallday,apartfromacoupleofkidsonthebeach.除了海滩上的几个小孩子儿，我们一整天没见到什么人。(1)_____________them,Ihadnoonetotalkto.除了他们，我找不到说话的人。(2)______________,thepositionisfairlygood除了一些拼写错误,这篇作文写得很不错。31.minority [maɪˈnɒrəti] n. 少数民族;少数派;少数人32..escape[ɪˈskeɪp]vi..＆vt.逃走;逃脱;避开n.逃跑;逃脱;解脱vt.被忘掉,被忽视,未被注意(不用于被动语态)。通常用物作主语。AftervisitingthesouthernpartofYunnan,IhavetoadmitthatitisthebestregionofChinatoescapethecoldwinter.参观了云南的南部地区后,我不得不承认,它是在中国躲避寒冷冬季的最佳地区。escapefrom...从……中逃离fireescape太平梯escapedeath死里逃生narrowlyescapedoingsth.险些做某事makeone'sescape逃走haveanarrowescape死里逃生escapeone'sattention/notice逃过某人的注意,被某人忽视Noonecanescaped_________(punish)ifhebreakslaw.He__________________duringthewar.他在战争中九死一生。33.bringabout意为"导致,引起”,相当于cause,leadto或resultin等。Whatdoyouthinkbroughtabouttheculturaldiversity?你认为是什么导致这种文化的多样性?Sciencehasbroughtaboutmanychangesinourlives.点拨归纳：bringalong带来,带上bringdown减少,降低;使垮台,使下台bringback把……送回,归还;恢复;使想起bringup抚养；培养；养育;提出bringin介绍;引进;赚钱,获利bringout使显现;出版;阐明[应用融会](1)Whatbrought___________thefailureofthebusiness?(2)I'dliketobring___________DoctorHallhereandaskhimforhisviews.34.Atlantic[ətˈlæntɪk]adj 大西洋的35.financial [faɪˈnænʃl]adj.财政的;财务的;金融的financen.财政，金融；资金36.poetry[ˈpəʊətri] n. 诗集;诗歌;诗作poem[C]诗poet诗人poetry[U]诗集37.jeans [dʒiːnz n. 牛仔裤38.boot [buːt]n. 靴子apairofblackleatherboots一双黑皮靴39.mushroom[ˈmʌʃrʊm] n.蘑菇;gomushrooming采蘑菇40.poisonous[ˈpɔɪzənəs] adj. 引起中毒的;有毒的;分泌毒素的poison n. 毒物;毒药;毒素W.毒死;毒害foodpoisoning食物中毒poisonousmushroom有毒的蘑菇41.fold[fəʊld] v.包;裹;折叠vt.＆vi.(可)折小;(可)叠平First，foldthepaperinhalf/intwo.首先，把纸对折起来。42.super [ˈsuːpə(r)]adv 特别;格外adj，顶好的;超级的43.collection[kəˈlekʃn]n.作品集;收集物;收藏品collectvt.收集collectstamps/evidence/information/data收集邮票/证据/信息/数据ItisevenmentionedintheoldestcollectionofChinesepoetry.……它甚至在中国最古老的诗集中也有提及。TwoyearsagoTompublisheda______ofshortstories.44.accessory [əkˈsesəri] n.配饰;附件;配件45.souvenir [ˌsuːvəˈnɪə(r)] n.纪念物;纪念品asouvenirshop纪念品商店46.percentage[pəˈsentɪdʒ] n.百分率;百分比Whatpercentageofthepopulationis/areoverweight?身体超重的人占人口多大的百分比？47.climate[ˈklaɪmət] n.气候amild/temperateclimate温和的/暖和的气候48.mild [maɪld] ad. 温和的;和善的;轻微的amildpunishment轻微的责罚49.settle[ˈsetl] vt.＆vi.定居;结束(争论);解决(纠纷Historically,Chineseimmigrantssettledintheareaduringtherailroadconstructionandgoldrushperiod.历史上,在修筑铁路和淘金热时期,来自中国的移民定居于此。Aftergraduation,theymadeuptheirmindstogoandsettleinthecountryside.毕业后，他们决心到农村安家落户。[点拨归纳](1)settlein/into安顿下来;习惯于;适应settledown(使)安定;定居settledowntosth.着手认真做某事(2)settlementn.解决;定居settlern.移居者;殖民者Havingsettled______abeautifulvillage,hesettleddown__________hisresearch.Withtheproblem___________(settle),hewenthomehappily.50.construction[kənˈstrʌkʃn]n.建筑;建造;建造物;(句子、短语等的)结构Theworkersareconstructingthebridgedamagedbythe.,andthebridgeunderconstructionconnectstheroadwiththetown.工人们正在修建被洪水冲毁的桥，正在修建的桥连接着公路和城镇。constructvt.建设;修建(be)underconstruction=(be)beingconstructed正在建设中(1)Theyareplanningto______________.他们正在计划建造一个新的超市。(2)Thenewairportunderconstructionliesintheeastofthecity.=Thenewairport______________(construct)liesintheeastofthecity.51.material [məˈtɪəriəl] n. 材料;布料;素材adj.物质的;实际的52.tonamebutafew 仅举几例Lotsofourfriendsareing:Anne,KenandGeorge,tonamebutafew.我们的很多朋友都来了：安妮、肯和乔治，仅举几个例子。53.taichi [ˌtaɪ'tʃiː] n. 太极拳54.clothing [ˈkləʊðɪŋ] n. 衣服;服装55.herbal[ˈhɜːbl]adj. 药草的;香草的56.suit[suːt] vt. 适合;满足…需要;相配;合身n.西服;套装ThereisChinesefoodtosuiteveryone'staste,withtraditionaldishesfromalloverChina.这里有着来自中国各地的传统菜肴，各种口味，应有尽有。Aguestshouldsuittheconvenienceofthehost.客随主便。(1)suitsth.tosth.使某物适合于另一事物(2)suitableadj.适合的;适宜的;相配的besuitableforsb./sth.适合某人/某物besuitabletodosth.适合做某事(1)Hedressedin____________________。他穿上最好的套装。(2)Hecan______________whoeverheiswith.无论跟谁说话，他都能说到一块儿。57.atfirsthand第一手;亲自Igottheinformationatfirsthand.我直接得到情报.58.item [ˈaɪtəm] n. 项目;一件商品(或物品);一条(新闻)CanIpayforeachitemseparately?我能否一件一件地分别付钱？58.contain [kənˈteɪn] vt. 包含;含有;容纳Doesthecity/townintroductioncontainalltheimportantinformation?这座城市城镇的介绍包含所有重要信息吗?Thecontainercontainsmanykindsoffruits,includingapples/applesincluded.这个容器中盛着各种水果其中包括苹果。containoneself自我克制containern.容器(1)I'mgladtofindthebookwhich___________Ineed.我很高兴找到了那本包含我所需要的一切信息的书。(2)IwassoangrythatIcouldn't_________________.。我太生气了，以至于无法克制自己。[名师点津]contain指某物装在比其更大的物体内，也指某物中含有某成分，而include指某物为整体的一部分或某一要素。neat [niːt]adj 极好的;整洁的;整齐的neathandwriting工整的笔迹二、句子句型1.ItislikelythatNativeAmericansmovedtoCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.可能至少在15,000年以前美洲土著居民就住在加利福尼亚州了。[分析点拨]句中itislikelythat+句子=sb./sth.belikelytodo...“某人/物可能做……”。[应用融会](完成句子/句型转换)(1)_____________shewaswatchingTVathomelastnight.她有可能昨天晚上在家里看电视。(2)Itislikelythatyouwillsufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.→You_________frombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.如果你继续吸烟,你的身体健康有可能会受到损害。[拓展发散]表示“有可能……”的句型还有:It'sprobablethat...It'spossiblethat...It'spossibleforsb.todosth.(3)Itispossibleforhertosetaworldrecordagain.→Itis_________thatshewillsetaworldrecordagain.她有可能会再次创造世界纪录。2.Whatdoyouthinkbroughtabouttheculturaldiversity?你认为是什么导致了这种文化的多样性?bringabout意为"导致,引起”,相当于cause,leadto或resultin等。Sciencehasbroughtaboutmanychangesinourlives.点拨归纳：bringalong带来,带上bringdown减少,降低;使垮台,使下台bringback把……送回,归还;恢复;使想起bringup抚养；培养；养育;提出bringin介绍;引进;赚钱,获利bringout使显现;出版;阐明(1)Whatbrought___________thefailureofthebusiness?(2)I'dliketobring___________DoctorHallhereandaskhimforhisviews.三、语法【语法图解】【探究】1.Thoughtired,theywentonworking.2.Doesn'tmatter.3.(课本P28)Thisdistrictusedtobeapoorareaoftown,butisnowacentreforart,music,andfood.4.(课本P28)Arealmixofcultureshere!5.Hopetohearfromyousoon.【归纳】上述句子中,1为的省略;2,3,5为省略;4为的省略。

为了避免重复,将句子中的一个或几个成分省去,这种语法现象叫省略。省略是避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法手段。英语中的省略有下列几种情况。【详解】在英语中,为了使句子简洁明快突出重点,常常省略句中的一个或几个成分,只要不影响句意表达,某些情况下,能省略的成分尽可能省略。一、词法的省略1.动词不定式的省略①Hedidn'te,butheoughttohave(e).他没来,但他本应该来。②Hiswishistoearnalotofmoneyand(to)buyhismotherabighouse.他的愿望是赚很多钱给妈妈买所大房子。2.介词的省略Ihavesometrouble(in)learningEnglish.我学英语有些困难。3.替代性省略①—CanIputmybikehere?—You'dbetternot.—“我可以把我的自行车放在这儿吗?”—“你最好不要。”②—Cantheyfinishtheirworktoday?—“他们今天能完成工作吗?”—Ithinkso./Idon'tthinkso/Ithinknot.—“我认为能”/“我认为不能。”二、句法的省略1.简单句的省略(Isthere)Anythingelse?还有其他事吗?2.并列句中的省略Sammusthavebeenplayingfootballatthattime,andhissister(musthavebeen)playingthepiano.那时山姆一定在踢足球,而他妹妹一定在弹钢琴。3.复合句中的省略①He'stheman(who/that)youcansafelydependon.(定语从句的省略)他是你能放心信赖的人。②IknowthatamoviestarwilletoourcitybutIdon'tknowwhen(hewilletoourcity).(宾语从句的省略)我知道一个电影明星要来我们城市,但我不知道他什么时候来。③Although(hewas)hardworking,hecouldn'tearnenoughtosupporthimself.(状语从句的省略)尽管他努力工作,他的收入还是不够养活自己。④Thesooner(youdoit),thebetter(itwillbe).(比较结构的省略)(你做得)越早,(结果就会)越好。⑤Hadyouehereyesterday,youwouldhavemether.(虚拟语气中的省略)如果你昨天来这儿的话,你就会见到她了。注意:在虚拟条件句中常省略if,将were,had,should提前构成部分倒装。⑥Weinsistedthatthey(should)gowithus.我们坚决要求他们和我们一起走。4.if的省略结构Theislandisseldom,ifever,visitedbyships.(=iftheislandhaseverbeenvisitedbyships)这个岛难得有船停靠。Ifpossible,letmeknowinadvance.如果可能的话,提前告诉我。写作Writeabrochureforyourhometown面积36357平方千米briefintroduction位置河北省西北部气候四季分明别称张垣语言蔚县方言，坝上方言body旅游景点张北草原，暖泉古镇，鸡鸣古驿其他崇礼冬奥会美食莜面，炸糕①张家口市位于河北省西北部belocatedin②张家口占地面积36357平方千米coversanareaof...③张家口被称为“张垣”。beknownas④张家口气候四季分明，这意味着任何时候都适宜来游览。havefourdistinctseasonsTranslateitintoEnglish①ZhangjiakouislocatedinthenorthwestofHebeiProvince.②Zhangjiakoucoversanareaof36357squarekilometers.③ZhangjiakouisknownasthelandofZhangyuan.④Zhangjiakouhasfourdistinctseasons,meaningit'salwaysagoodtimetovisitUpgradeyoursentencesLocatedinthenorthwestofHebeiProvince,coveringanareaof36357squarekilometers,Zhangjiakou,whichisknownasthelandofZhangyuan,hasfourdistinctseasons,meaningit'salwaysagoodtimetovisit.⑤张家口当地特色方言有蔚县话、坝上方言,这些方言有些难懂。⑥张家口有许多旅游景点，如张北草原、暖泉古镇和鸡鸣古驿，仅举几例。⑦张家口崇礼成功举办了2022年冬奥会，吸引了大量来自世界各地的游客。⑧如果你来张家口，你肯定不能错过当地美味的食物，包括莜面，炸糕等usefulexpressions方言dialect旅游景点touristsites/attractions/draws仅举几例tonamebutafew肯定definitelytranslateitintoEnglish⑤张家口当地特色方言有蔚县话、坝上方言,这些方言有些难懂TheuniquedialectsinZhangjiakouareYuxiandialectandBashangdialect.Thesedialectsarehardtounderstand.UpgradeyoursentencesTheuniquedialectsinZhangjiakouareYuxiandialectandBashangdialect，whicharehardtounderstand.translateitintoEnglishTherearemanyfamoustouristattractionsinZhangjiakou,suchasthegrasslandinZhangbei,NuanquanandtheJimingancientcourierstation,tonamebutafew.translateitintoEnglish⑦张家口崇礼成功举办了2022年冬奥会，吸引了大量来自世界各地的游客2022winterOlympicGameswasheldinChongliZhangjiakousuccessfully.ThewinterOlympicsattractedtouristsallovertheworld.Upgradeyoursentences2022winterOlympicGameswasheldinChongliZhangjiakousuccessfully,whichattractedtouristsallovertheworld.HeldinChongliZhangjiakousuccessfully,thewinterOlympicsattractedtouristsalloverthewo