四级听力短对话及长对话技巧

听力专项讲解胡小婕2010.11第一步：预判（3-5分钟）第二步：听力开始（35分钟）第三步：查阅环节（时间因人而异）1、对答案。2、查词和短语。3、翻译句子。第四步：视听和跟读原文（时间因人而异）第五步：裸听（时间因人而异）第六步：部分听写（时间因人而异）Content听前预测一般规律三大原则对话类型分析多义词汇ShortConversationsLongConversationsPassageComprehensionCompoundDictation解题原则解题技巧重点主题介绍一般规律邀约必失败吃饭必同意作业(考试)一定难(对象多为男性)房间必爆满(开房男，酒店女)A)TheyarebothanxioustotryItalianfood.B)Theyarelikelytohavedinnertogether.C)Themanwilltreatthewomantodinnertonight.D)Thewomanrefusedtohavedinnerwiththeman.M:Mary,wouldyoujoinmefordinnertonight?W:Youtreatedmelastweekend.Nowitismyturn.ShallwetrysomethingItalian?Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?三大原则视听反向原则ShortConversations的选项中被读到的单词短语或句子为错误项。同义替换后一句更重要(第二句)同主(主语)题例：A)Shemusthavepaidalotforthegym.

B)Sheisknowntohaveaterrificfigure.C)Hergymexercisehasyieldedgoodresults.

D)Herefforttokeepfitisreallypraiseworthy.(200912)Woman:I’vebeenworkingoutthegymsinceJanuary.Iwasabitoutofshape.Man:Youlookterrific!Itseemsthatyourefforthaspaidoff.Question:Whatdoesthemanimplyaboutthewoman?听前预测看题原则：高频词（常为名词）主语谓语类似选项保留听前预测通过选项内容推测对话内容利用选项特点推测问题内容通过选项推测问题针对对象通过主题一致原则排除干扰选项A)Makeaprofitableinvestment.B)Buyanewwashingmachine.C)GetpartsforthemachinefromJapan.D)Havetheoldwashingmachinefixed.M:Mywashingmachineismorethanfifteenyearsoldandithasworkedjustfineuntillastnight.W:You’llneverbeabletogetpartsforit,evenfromJapan.Soitmightbetimetoinvestinamorerecentmodel.Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A)Thewomanisgoingtoholdabigpartytomorrow.B)Themanhasnoideawhattherightthingtodois.C)Thewomandoesn’tknowhowtogettotheparty.D)Themanofferstodrivethewomantotheparty.W:Ican’tdecidewhattodoaboutthepartytomorrow.M:Youdon’thavetogoifyoudon’twantto.ButI’llbegladtogiveyouarideifyoudo.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?选项以动词原形开头选项均为不定式短语选项均为-ing动词短语选项均为名词短语选项均为地点场景角色或关系数字信息比较结构表示评价、感受、意愿或建议的词考察行为活动，常涉及建议做某事A)Lookforaplacenearheroffice.B)Findanewjobdownthestreet.C)Makeinquirieselsewhere.D)Rentthe$600apartment.W:Excuseme.Doyouhaveanyapartmentsavailableforunder500dollarsamonth?Ineedtomoveinnextweekwhenmynewjobstarts.M:TheonlyvacantoneIhaveis600dollars,haveyouinquiredattheapartmentcomplex(综合性大楼)downthestreet?Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?问做某事的目的或原因，抑或计划、打算、决定、承诺或要求做某事A、Tofindoutmoreaboutthetopicfortheseminar.B、Tomakeacopyofthescheduleforhisfriend.C、Togettheseminarscheduleforthewoman.D、Topickupthewomanfromthelibrary.如强调动作为考察正在进行的动作；如不是则为某项计划、打算或建议的内容。

有时也为考察对话谈论的主题A、Drawingupabusinessplan.B、Discussingatermplan.C、Finalizingacontract.D、Reviewingaco-authoredarticle.如选项均为概括性较强的名词或名词性短语(动名词)，且内容差异较大，很可能考察谈话主题或对话中出现某一事件的主题；如概括性不强，较具体，且同属一类别则考察对话中的细节A、Atragicaccident.B、Asadoccasion.C、Smith’sunusuallifestory.D、Smith’ssleepingproblem考察“地点场景”，可能是对话发生的场景或地点，也可能是某人所处位置或是过去或将要去的地点A)Ataclinic.B)Inasupermarket.C)Atarestaurant.D)Inanice-creamshop.M:I’llhavethesteak,Frenchfries,andlet’ssee,chocolateice-creamfordessert.W:Oh-oh,youknowthesethingswillruinyourhealth,toomuchfatandsugar,howaboutorderingsomevegetablesandfruitinstead?Q:Whatdoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?一般考察对话中某个人物的职业或身份，或对话双方间的关系A)TeacherandstudentB)Doctorandpatient.C)Managerandofficeworker.D)Travelagentandcustomer.M:Mr.Watson,Iwonderwhetherit’spossibleformetotakeavacationearlynextmonth?W:Didyoufilloutarequestform?Q:Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?对话中可能出现不止一个数字，听音时要注意数字以及与数字对应的信息做好笔记A)At10:30B)At10:25C)At10:40D)At10:45M:Sowhenaretheotherguysgoingtogethere?Thetrainisleavingin10min.Wecan’twaithereforever.W:It’s10:30already.They’resupposedtobeherebynow.Itoldeverybodytomeethereby10:15.Q:Whenisthetrainleaving?可能涉及人或事物之间的异同和优劣比较，或是人事物某方面的变化和发展A)Hewishestohavemorecourseslikeit.B)Hefindsithardtofollowtheteacher.C)Hewishestheteacherwouldtalkmore.D)Hedoesn’tliketheteacher’saccent.W:Youtookanoptionalcoursethissemester,didn’tyou?Howisitgoing?M:Terrible.Itseemslikethemoretheprofessortalks,thelessIunderstand.Q:Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthecourse?考察观点、态度、感受或建议A)Heispleasedwithhisexcitingnewjob.B)Hefindsthehugeworkloadunbearable.C)Hefindshisofficemuchtoobigforhim.D)Heisnotsoexcitedabouthisnewposition.Think,believe,find,should,hadbetter,wouldlike,agree,disagree,like,dislike,enjoy,mind,good,bad,excited,surprised,reasonable,wiseW:Iheardaboutyourpromotion.Youmustbethrilled.M:Notreally.Thenewofficeishuge,buttheworkloadhasdoubled.Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthemanfromtheconversation?A)Planhisbudgetcarefully.B)Givehermoreinformation.C)Asksomeoneelseforadvice.D)Buyagiftforhisgirlfriend.M:ChristmasisroundthecornerandI’mlookingforagiftformygirlfriend.Anysuggestion?W:Well,youhavetotellmesomethingaboutyourgirlfriendfirst.Also,what’syourbudget?Q:Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A)Hewaskeptinhospitalforalongtime.B)Hewasslightlyinjuredinatrafficaccident.C)Hewasseriouslywoundedinamineexplosion.D)Hewasfinedforspeeding.W:Hi,John！Haven’tseenyouforquiteawhile.Areyoufine?M:Oh,yes.Butluckseemstogoagainstme.Ihadacaraccident.Onlysomeminorinjuries,though.Q:WhathappenedtoJohn?视听反向原则17.

A)she

wants

to

get

some

sleep.

B)

she

needs

time

to

write

a

paper.C)

she

has

a

literature

class

to

attend.D)she

is

troubled

by

her

sleep

problem17.M:Howaboutjoiningmeforacupofcoffee?

W:I’dloveto,butI’mexhausted.Iwasuptill3thismorning,writingapaperformyliteratureclass.

Q:Whydoesthewomandeclinetheman’sinvitation?听力多义词汇Paper在听力考题中，它最常见的含义是：论文。其次是报纸。相反，作为“纸”的原始含义很少见到。Iwasuptill3thismorningwritingapaperformyliteratureclass.（论文。2008年12月第17题）Whatpositionisbeingadvertisedinthepaper?(报纸。2007年12月第25题)Treat原始含义为对待，但是听力中更喜欢考“请客”的含义。Youtreatedmelastweekend,nowit’smyturn.(2003年1月第1题)Jamtrafficjam(堵车)常见考点。Charge1）

收费。Ihavetochargeyou150poundsforonenight.（2006年12月第1道长对话原文）2）

负责。Iaminchargeofateamof8brokers(经纪人).（2006年6月第1道长对话原文）Present“礼物”

“展示，表达和呈现”。presentation演讲和展示，是一种很常见的校园课程形式。Itsgoalsweretoeducate,shareideasandpresentIndiana’sbestproducts.(2007年12月第3篇听力原文)Commercial请注意，它的名词含义是“广告”。解题技巧听到什么选什么对话类型分析人物关系、职业类地点题动作类上下级关系客服关系同事、夫妻关系(多为干扰选项)上下级关系Boss(常为男性)andSecretary依据:语气（下级询问，上级回答）ManagerandOfficeworker/staff客服关系R：customerandwaitressH：customerandreceptionistA：passengerandairhostess/steward/stewardess7.A)Aguestandareceptionist.B)Apassengerandanairhostess.C)Acustomerandashopassistant.D)Aguestandawaitress.M:Sorrytotroubleyou.Butisthereanypossibilityofborrowingablanket?Ifeelcold.W:Ithinkwe’vegotone.Couldyouwaituntilaftertake-offplease?Q:Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

3.

A)Colleagues.

B)Husbandandwife.

C)Employerandemployee.

D)Motherandson.W:John,whatareyoudoingonyourcomputer?Don'tyourememberyourpromise?M:Thisisnotagame.It'sonlyacrosswordpuzzlethathelpsincreasemyvocabulary.Q:Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?常考地点Restaurant

Hotel

AirportTheaterGym高频干扰词汇：bookingoffice/ticketwindowpublishinghouserestaurantmakeareservation预定bookatable订桌子dessert甜点yogurt酸奶steak牛排sauce汁course一道菜/maincourse主菜buffet自助餐salad沙拉eatout/dineout出去吃1.A)Atatheatre.

B)Atabookingoffice.C)Atarailwaystation.D)Atarestaurant.W:Gorge,lookatthelongwaitingline.Iamgladyou’vemadeareservation.M:Moreandmorepeopleenjoyeatingoutnow.Beside,thisplaceisespeciallypopularwiththeoverseasstudents.Q:Wheredidtheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?hotelreserve/book/makeareservationforbookatablefortwoTheroomsarebookedup/fullup.checkinsingleroom/doubleroom/suite/standardsuite/occupancyfrequentguest/strangerdiscount12.

A)Attheairport.

B)Atthehotelreception.

C)Inarestaurant.

D)Inabookingoffice.12.W:Wedon’tseemtohaveareservationforyou,sir.I’msorry.

M:Butmysecretarysaidthatshehadreservedaroomformehere.IphonedherfromtheairportthismorningjustbeforeIgotonboardtheplane.

Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?19.

A)Thehotelclerkhadputhisreservationunderanothername.B)Thehotelclerkinsistedthathedidn’tmakeanyreservation.C)Thehotelclerktriedtotakeadvantageofhisinexperience.D)Thehotelclerkcouldn’tfindhisreservationforthatnight.20.

A)Agrandweddingwasbeingheldinthehotel.B)Therewasaconferencegoingoninthecity.C)Thehotelwasundergoingmajorrepairs.D)Itwasabusyseasonforholiday—makers.21.

A)Itwasfreeofchargeonweekends.B)Ithada15%discountonweekdays.C)Itwasofferedtofrequentguestsonly.D)Itwas10%cheaperthaninotherhotels.22.

A)Demandcompensationfromthehotel.B)Askforanadditionaldiscount.C)Complaintothehotelmanager.D)Findacheaperroominanotherhotel.airportairline航线flight航班economy/businessclass经济舱/商务舱firstclass头等舱departure/departuretime（起飞时间）declare申报board登机/getonboardsth4.A)Atabookingoffice.

B)InaHongKonghotel.

C)Onabusystreet.

D)Atanairport.

4.W:CanIhelpyousir?

M:Yes,canyoushowmethewaytogatenineforflight910toHongKongIamquiteconfusedhere.

Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

12.A)Onatrain.B)Onaplane.C)Inatheater.D)InarestaurantW:MayIseeyourticketplease?Ithinkyouaresittinginmyseat.M:Oh,youareright.Myseatisinthebalcony.I'mterriblysorry.Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?解题原则预测选项：纵向确定场景（工作、学习、生活及旅游）；横向排除干扰选项，了解每道小题的内容。解题三原则：开头原则：第一道题一般在开头部分问答原则：回答的内容往往是答案所在转折原则：即转折词后的内容为重要内容20081219.A)Hecanmanagehistimemoreflexibly.

B)Hecanrenewcontactwithhisoldfriends.

C)Hecanconcentrateonhisownprojects.

D)Hecanlearntodoadministrativework.20.A)Readingitsadsinthenewspapers.

B)Callingitspersonneldepartment.

C)Contactingitsmanager.

D)Searchingitswebsite.21.A)Tocutdownitsproductionexpenses.

B)Tosolvetheproblemofstaffshortage.

C)Toimproveitsadministrativeefficiency.

D)Toutilizeitsretiredemployees’resources.20080623.A)Marketingconsultancy.B)Professionalaccountancy.C)Luxuryhotelmanagement.D)Businessconferenceorganization.24.A)Havingagoodknowledgeofitscustoms.B)Knowingsomekeypeopleintourism.C)Havingbeentothecountrybefore.D)BeingabletospeakJapanese.25.A)Itwillbringherpotentialintofullplay.B)Itwillinvolvelotsoftraintravel.C)ItwillenablehertoimproveherChinese.D)ItwillgivehermorechancestovisitJapan.重点主题CampuslifeJob其他campuslifeon/offcampus作业：thesis毕业论文dissertation期刊论文/periodical期刊/journalbookreport读书报告researchreport调查、实验报告presentation内容演示takenote记笔记关于考试：考试难，时间紧，能否延期。作业难做。论文没做完。选课多。对老师评价：讲课boring，老师strict，作业多。Sheisoneinamillion.当老师要退休的时候对老师的评价才会高。奖学金：fellowship；RA助研：researchassistant；TA助教：teachingassistant写论文的步骤：第一步，选题topic，选题难，范围广。第二步，查询资料research，图书馆场景。第三步，打出论文。typewriter打字机，computer计算机，printer打印机，laserprinter激光打印机，laptop笔记本电脑。论文没打完，typewriter/computer坏了breakdown或者typewriter需要新的ribbon。课程形式：optional/compulsorycourseelectivecourse/requirement/requiredcourseacademicyear学年seminar[‘seminɑ:]lecture/speech讲座、演讲workshop工作室，讨论课程schooltimetable/classschedule课程表registerfor/signupfor/enrollin选课catch/follow跟上、听懂校方人物校长：president院长:deanbean教授

：professor

讲师:lecturer导师：

tutor大一新生:freshman大二学生:sophomore大三学生:junior大四学生:senior学位学士:BachelorDegree硕士:MasterDegree博士:DoctorDegree

post-doctor科目及专业

文学:Literature心理学:Psychology

建筑学:Architec

ture

学校场景出题思路：

1讲座：难理解2选修课：难.选多了3考试：

挂了3.A)ShehasbeenlongingtoattendHarvardUniversity.B)She’llconsidertheman’ssuggestioncarefully.C)ShehasfinishedherprojectwithDr.Garcia’shelp.D)She’llconsultDr.Garciaaboutenteringgraduateschool.3.M:Hi,Melissa,how’syourprojectgoing?Haveyouthoughtaboutgoingtograduateschool?PerhapsyoucangetintoHarvard.W:Everythingiscomingalongreallywell.Ihavebeenthinkingaboutgraduateschool.ButI’lltalktomytutorDr.Garciafirstandseewhatshethinks.Q:Whatdoyoulearnaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?jobpromotion升职workload工作量,工作负担complain/complaintsalary/wages/pay/incomebonus奖金annual年度的askforleave请假win-win双赢form表格Interview/interviewer/interviewee1、找到工作高兴。2、失去工作伤心。3、拒绝工作令人奇怪。有空缺职位:jobvacancy简历:resume工作经验:workexperience面试:interview加班:overwork升职:promote解雇:fire辞职:quit/resignannualleave年假sickleave病假23.

A)Sheisthirstyforpromotion.B)Sheistiredofherpresentwork.C)Shewantsamuchhighersalary.D)Shewantstosavetravelexpenses.24.

A)Languageinstructor.B)Environmentalengineer.C)Translator.D)Travelagent.25.

A)Devotionandworkefficiency.B)Livelypersonalityandinquiringmind.C)Communicationskillsandteamspirit.D)Educationandexperience.三宾馆场景

预订房间

确认预订

取消预订reservationMakeConfirmcancel小费:tip前台:reception登记入住:checkin/out四饭店场景分账GoDutchSplitthebillFifty-fiftySeparatethebill16~17世纪时的荷兰和威尼斯，是海上商品贸易和早期资源共享本主义的发迹之地。终日奔波的意大利、荷兰商人们已衍生出聚时交流信息、散时各付资费的习俗来。因为商人的流动性很强，一个人请别人的客，被请的人说不定这辈子再也碰不到了，为了大家不吃亏，彼此分摊便是最好的选择了。而荷兰人因其精明、凡事都要分清楚，逐渐形成了let'sgodutch（让我们做荷兰人）的俗语。出去吃：eatout外卖：takeaway订位子:bookatable菜单:menu餐后甜点:dessert五机场场景订票:bookaticket目的地:destination单程票:one-wayticket往返票:round-tripticket1、票已售完。2、接人晚点。3、送人伤感。4、航班延误，需等待。5、乘客迟到，需换票。Checkin(boardingpass)SecuritycheckGothroughcustomsGetonboardDomesticflightInternationalflightConnectingflightDirectflightDifferentflighttypesFirstclassEconomyclassBusinessclassClassesoftravelHaveapleasantflight!租房场景市郊:suburb市中心:downtown房东land-----房东太太land---------mate室友医院场景

Physician------医生surgeon-------医生牙医----------