2023广东省广州市一模英语真题及答案

2023年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(一英语第二部分阅读共两节，满分50分)第一节共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASummeriscoming.Arelookingforapart-timejob?somepossibleoptions.Lifeguardastrongswimmerandacommunicator?Wouldlikeachallenge?Welookingforlifeguardsforourbusysummerseason.experienceisnecessarywillgettwooftrainingbeforestartthejob.Aswellbeingphysicallyfit,tobeavailableforworkMon-Fri,7-11a.m.StoreassistantWelookingforstoreassistantsforourbusystore.Applicantstobereliable,friendly,andenjoyspeakingtocustomers.Asecondlanguageispreferredmanyofourcustomerstouristsfromothercountries.Thepositionspart-timeandtoworkfromThursdayto10a.m.-4p.m.Fashiondesignerinterestedinthelateststyles?creativeandart?so,Dresswiseislookingforapersontocreatenewlooksforourteendepartment.ThisisaopportunitytogainexperienceintheclothingYouwilltoworkfouraandwe'llpayforeachdesignuse.We'llalsosamplesofdesignstowear.testerintotechnologyandcreative?Wouldliketoplayandtesteducationalgamesandgetpaidforit?Thisisexcitingpart-timejobforsomebodywholovesplayinggames.Weflexiblehours.thisisforwriteadescriptionoffavoritegameandwhylikeitinnomorethan150words.第1页共12页interestedinanyoftheabovejobs,pleasecontactusstudentunrion@.21.Whatisasharedrequirementforlifeguardandstoreassistant?A.CommunicativeAsecondlanguage.C.Professionalexperience.Astrong22.Whichjobapplyforifonlyworkonweekends?A.Lifeguard.B.Storeassistant.D.Gametester.C.Fashiondesigner.23.Whatgetfromthejobafashiondesigner?Samplesofthelateststyles.Paymentforeachofdesigns.C.ExperienceinthefashionChancestoclothesforadults.BDellaStewardthestandardwell-wishesonherblogonher53rdbirthday,butshesomeunusualmessagestoo.OneabouttheSmithfamilywhohadjustlosttheirfour-year-oldsontocancer.Hisolderbrotherinsorrow.CouldDellahelp?Thatmessageandthe30orsootherslikeitexactlywhatDellalookingfor.Tocelebrateher53rd,thelong-timesocialserviceprofessionalhadputoutacallonherblog.Shewantedtocommit53randomactsofkindnessbytheendofherbirthmonth,andsheneededinformationonpeoplewhocoulduseone.WhenshethenoteabouttheSmithfamily,shesentawindchime(风铃)withthemessage“ListentothewindandknowthatInear”writtenonit.nowhangsinthefour-year-old'sbedroom,hisolderbrothertolistentoitwheneverhewants.ThisisnotthefirsttimethatDellahasdecidedtogiftsforherher47th,in2016,shefoundedinAction,organizationcommittedtodoingsomethingherhomeandbeyond.Itsaimissimple:YourBest,ShowYourLove!第2页共12页Overtheyears,theorganizationhasreachedoutandtouchedwellover100strangers,somefoundviaDclla'sblog,otherswithhelpfromhergrandkids.Theorganizationalsosharesinexpensiveandcreativegiftideasforotherstohelppeopleinneed.Dellaforeverythingherself:cards,pay-it-forwardpurchasesdrive-throughs,andcarepackages,wellthegasittakestoplayfamilyoftengiveshersomeextrabirthdaywithaseriouswarningagainstspendingitonanyoneelse,whichshenaturallyignores.“Iacoupleofcardsformybirthdaythisandlike'YESSS!”It'sDella'sandshe'llifshewantsto.24.WhattheunusualmessagesDellaonher53rdbirthday?A.Helprequests.B.Giftideas.C.Donationoffers.Birthdaywishes.25.WhataboutDellafromhergifttotheSmithfamily?A.SheiscaringandB.Sheislovingandhelpful.C.Sheispatientandromantic.D.Sheiscreativeanddetermined.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesinAction?involvespeopleinactsofkindness.holdsthebeliefthatkindnessoff.offersaidwithinDella'sneighborhood.mainlyaimstoeducatekidstohelpout.27.WhydoesDella'sfamilyherwarnings?A.Shethinkslittleofhercancer.B.ShetreatsstrangersbetterthanherC.SheisfinanciallydependentonherD.Sheistootoherbirthdaygifts.第3页共12页CBeavers(海狸),likehumans,changetheirsurroundingstofittheirneeds.Knownnature'sengineers,theyteardowntobuildhomestoliveinanddamstoraisewaterlevelsforprotectionfromenemies.Damsalsoslowwater'sflowwhileblockingsediment(沉积物)thatwouldotherwiseflowdownstream.Theresultingwetlandsoftenattractwildlifediversitynonehadexisted.Therechallenges,though.Beaverdamssometimescauseflooding,andmostpeoplepreferaliveandupright.Communitiesfaceadelicatebalancingact,learningtocoexistwithbeavers.Lastwinter,manypeopleenjoyingWinstonPathbecamebeaveronefamilytransformedSwallowPondintooasisforbirds,frogs,turtlesandsuchactivitycausedconcern.beaversworked,theyraisedwaterlevelsaboutfivefeet.Theincreaseddepthallowsbeaverstosurviveunderwaterifthepondicesover.countyofficialsconcernedabouthowwaterwouldaffectthesoilbanksupportingWinstonPath.Tofindabalancebetweenprotectingthepathandthebeavers,thecountyintroducedbeaverbaffle”—apondleveler.Beaversoftenrushtofillholesintheirdams.Bafflesstabilizewaterlevelsbycreatingahiddenexitforwatertothroughthedam,unnoticedbythebeavers.Peoplelovethebeaversbuttheyalsolovethematuretrees.Recently,CatherineJones,18,organizedatree-cagingevent—puttingwireclotharoundlargetreetrunkstodiscouragebeaversfrombitingthem.alsoprotectspeoplefrominjuryduetorandomfalling.“Wecoverthedon'twantthemtoeat,whileplantingperiodicallyotherstheylike,"saidJones.“Weneed-tolearntoupalittleofourwantstosharetheEarth'sresources.”SwallowPond's2023projectwillrestoreproperwaterdepthandimprovewildlifehabitatwithoutcreatingproblemsforthepath.Thebalancingcontinues.28.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?Wherebeavers'favoritesurroundingsare.Whateffectsbeavershaveontheirhabitat.C.Whybeaverscallednature'sengineers.第4页共12页D.Howbeavershelpattractwildlife29.Whydidthebeaverfamily'sactivitycauseconcern?A.SwallowPondwouldfloodoften.B.Sedimentwouldflowdownstream.C.Thepopularpathmightbedamaged.Beaversmighthavetoliveunderwater.30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“beaverbaffle”refertoinparagraph4?A.Ablocktobeaversaway.tooltofixholesinthedams.C.Adevicetomaintainwaterlevel.D.Amaterialtoprotectthesoilbank.31.WhatisthethemeofSwallowPond's2023project?BiologicalB.Harmoniouscoexistence.C.Preventionofnaturaldisasters.D.Preservationofwildlifehabitat.DSomebacteria(细菌)haveasuperpowerthatscientistswouldlovetouse.Thesebacteriagainfromlight,justplantsdo.Scientistshavewantedtousecyanobacteria(蓝藻菌)tomakeelectricity.inpreviousresearch,theydidn'tsurvivelongonartificialsurfaces.Researchershavenowmovedthemtoalivingsurface—amushroom.Theircreationisthefirstmushroomtomakeelectricity.AppliedPhysicistSimonJacksonandhisteamturnedthatmushroomintoaminifarm.Thisbionic(生物电子的)mushroomcombines3Dprinting,conductiveinkandbacteriatogenerateelectricity.couldleadtonewofcombiningnaturewithelectronics.plants,cyanobacteriamaketheirownfoodfromsunlight,releasingelectrons(电子Whenenoughelectronsbuildupinoneplace,theycreateelectriccurrent.Theresearcherstobringalotofthesebacteriatogether.Theydecidedtouse3Dprintingtoplacethempreciselyontoasurface.Jackson'steamchosemushroomsforthatsurface.Afterall,theyrealized,mushroomsnaturallyhostcommunitiesofbacteriaandothermicrobes.FindingtestsubjectsfortheirtestsJacksonsimplywenttothegrocerystoreandpickedupwhitebuttonmushrooms.第5页共12页Printingonthosemushrooms,though,turnedouttobearealchallenge.3Dprintershavedesignedtoprintonflatsurfaces,butmushroomcurved.Theresearchersspentmonthswritingcomputercodetosolvetheproblem.Eventually,theycameupwithaprogramto3Dprinttheirinkontothecurvedmushroomtops.Theresearchersprintedtwo“inks”ontotheirmushrooms.Oneagreeninkmadeofcyanobacteria.TheyusedthistomakeaspiralpatternontheTheyalso.usedablackinkmadeofgraphene,whichisgreatconductingelectricity.Theyprintedthisinkinabranchingpatternacrossthemushroomtop.Thenittimetoshine.“Cyanobacteriathehere,”saysJackson.Whenhisteamshonelightonthemushrooms,thebacteriagaveoutelectrons.Thoseelectronsflowedintothegrapheneandcreatedelectriccurrent.32.Whattheprobleminpreviousresearch?Cyanobacteriadidn'tproduceelectrons.B.Cyanobacteriacouldn'tgetenoughlight.C.Theresearcherschosethewrongbacteria.D.Nosuitablehomemadeforcyanobacteria.33.Whymushroomsfinallychosentestsubjects?A.Theyconvenienttofind.B.Theyproduceelectriccurrents.C.Theybacterianaturallygrow.D.Theybeeasilycombinedwith3Dprinting.34.Whatisthemajorfunctionoftheblackinkinthistest?A.Tobacteria.deliverelectrons.第6页共12页C.Toproduceelectricity.D.Toreshapemushroomtops.35.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Whotheheroes?applicationof3DprintingC.NaturecombinedwithelectronsBionicmushroommakeselectricity第二节共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Homegardensproducedeliciousfood.Butthat'snottheirmainvirtue.Imagineaplateholdingtwostrawberries,identicalinappearance.Onecameoutofasuper-marketbox,probablyharvestedunripe.36Theotherpickedfromaminutesbeforebeingeaten.Thefirstonewillprobablytastelikeaslightlysourgrapewhilethesecondislikelytobeandrichinflavour.Supermarketstrawberriesnotentirelywithoutadvantages.TheyconvenientandavailableinthenorthernglobeinthetwoberriesdifferfromeachotherinthesamethathearingBeethoven'sMoonlightSonatainaconcerthalldiffersfromlisteningtoitonoldtape..37Otherpeople,however,believegardeningawasteoftime.thesamecouldbesaidofcooking.Therecheapandrestaurantsaround,sowhybothertomakeownmeals?38Theymistaketheproductforthepurpose.Actually,agarden,especiallyintheearlyyears,producelittlebutfrustration(挫败感gardenersmayplantthewrongcropsfortheirsoil.Rabbitshaveannoyinghabitoftakingsinglebitesofvegetable,thenleavingtheresttobad..39matter.Thejoyofgardeningisthetimespentdoingit.Thedeepestpleasure—withcooking,writing,bringingupchildrenoralmostanythingworthwhile—isintheworkitself.Agardener's第7页共12页memoriesrevolvenotaroundthefoodproduced,butaroundlongafternoonswithhandsinthedirt.40A.Nooneavoidthisstage.B.Sowhydon'tstarthomegardeningfordeliciousfood?C.Thismightexplainwhymanypeopledesireahomegarden.D.Thesepeoplemisunderstandtheultimateappealofgardening.thetimeitreachedtheplateitmayhaveofftheplantfordays.istopatientlyandlovinglyhelplifegrow,intheandaboveit.G.Andexpertgardenersloseaseason'sharvesttouncooperativeweather.第三部分语言运用共两节，满分30分)第一节共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。school,classisfun.We41withdifferenttechniquesandgenerallygetcreative.However,afieldtriptogalleryisoften42.Lastmyteacherorganizedatriptoexhibition.Thegalleryfullofolderpeople,whoobviouslydidn'twanttobewith43students.Weall44andcouldn'tstopchatting.Ourteachergetting45andkepttellingustobequiet.Thenextdaycomplainedtoourteacheraboutthe46ofactivitiesforteensgalleries.She47thatavisitshouldbebotheducationalandfun.That'swhenIdecidedtoonlineandlookforgalleriesthathavespecial48forteens.Eventually,I49tofindarangeofactivitiesandproposedsometomyteacher.IalsousedthecalledMartinI've51artistswhocombinedifferenttechniques,butBaileyistotallydifferent.doesuniqueillustrationswith52householdobjectssuch50toaboutartists.Recently,Ifoundacontemporaryartistumbrellas,headphonesandevencookies.Hisissimple,butitmakesyouseethings53.example,henoticesthataflowerissimilartoamop(拖把)andputsthis54intolifeby第8页共12页drawingalittlemanwitharealflowermop.It'sreally55!IhopeI'llbeabletotoexhibitionofhisworkinthefuture.41.A.dealB.startC.struggleC.excitingD.experimentD.interesting42.A.disappointingchallenging43.A.noisyB.carelessboredC.attentiveC.lostC.stressedC.resultC.suggestedC.paintingsD.eventsD.creative44.A.annoyed45.A.weakD.worriedD.tiredB.sensitive46.A.lackB.themeD.scheduleD.agreed47.A.announced48.A.giftsB.demandedpricesB.determinedinternetB.never49.A.happened50.A.activity51.A.already52.A.useful53.A.clearly54.A.design55.A.abstractC.managedD.expectedD.exhibitionD.obviouslyD.ordinaryC.differentlyD.criticallyC.plantD.toolC.strangeC.tripC.merelyC.suitableB.fancyB.directlyB.ideaB.amusingD.practical第二节共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)第9页共12页阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheCanalisthelongestand.56(old)canalintheformsavastinlandwaterwaysysteminChina,runningfromthecapitalBeijinginthenorth.Provinceinthesouth.57Zhejiang58(construct)insectionsfromthe5thcenturyBCEandcompletedandmaintainedbyseveral59(dynasty),itformedthebackboneofChina'sinlandcommunicationssystem,whichenabledthesupplyof60(feed)thepopulation.TheCanalreachedanewinthe13thprovidinginlandshippingnetworkconsistingofmorethan2,000kmofartificialwaterways,61linkedfiveofthemostimportantriverbasinsinChina,includingtheHuangheRiverandtheChangjiangRiver.Still62majormeansofinternalcommunicationit63importantroleinensuringtheprosperity(繁荣)andstabilityofChinaovertheages.TheCanalbearswitnesstoaremarkableandearlydevelopmentofhydraulicengineering(水利工程isessentialtechnologicalachievement64(date)frombeforetheIndustrialRevolution.isaperfectexampleofdealingwithdifficultnaturalconditions,isreflectedinthemanyconstructionsthat65(full)adaptedtothediversityandcomplexityofcircumstances.ItbestdemonstratesthetechnicalcapabilitiesofEasterncivilizations.第四部分写作共两节，满分40分)第一节满分15分)你校英文报“TeenageLife”专栏本期的主题为“SportsandHealth”。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1.运动的重要性；2.你的运动建议。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。第10页共12页SportsandHealth___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。SandyandJanecametoseethejobotreeonthehilltopagain.Jobostheirfavoritefruit,butthetreebelongedtoaladywholivedinthehousebythehill.Theyshedifficult,butthatsometimesshewouldfruitinreturnforerrand(差使)Thegirlsfinallygatheredtheircouragetoknockonherdoor.elderlywomanwithafiercelookanswered,staringdownthegirls.“Weheard…”saidhervoiceshaky,“thatjobosinpaymentforrunningerrand.”Theladyraisedoneeyebrow,thenwentintothekitchenandtooktwobaskets.Shepushedthemintothegirls'hands.“Gofillthesewithjobos,andcomeback.”Thegirlsracedupthehilltothetreeandfilledthebasketswiththeripestjobos.Backthehouse,theladyfilledabagwithriceandhandedittoSandy.“TakethisbagandonebasketofjobostotheBrownfamily.Andaskthemforthepayment,”theladyaddedwithatightsmile.“Ifreturnwithoutthepayment,won'tgetthefruit.”第11页共12页Thegirlsstruggledallthewiththebagandthebasket.Whentheythere,Mrs.Brownansweredthedoor.Insideonthefloorthreelittlechildren,eachpaintingsomethingonpapers.Mr.Brownlyingsickinbed.Timeshard.Thegirlshandedherthefood."Thisisfromtheladywiththejobotree,"said“Sheaskedforthepayment,too.”Janesaidawkwardly.“Thepayment!Thepayment!”Thechildrenrepeated,wavingthepaperintheirhandsSandyandJanelookedotherstrangely.Withasmile,Mrs.BrownhandedSandyalargesealed(密封的)envelopesofullthatitalmoststartingtobreakopen.Thesaidandleftquickly.“Iwonder,”Sandymurmured,“whetherMrs.topayforthatfood.”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Worried,thetwogirlsdiscussedwhatintheenvelopetheywalkedback.Theladyopenedtheenvelope,tookoutapileofpapers,andsmiled.第12页共12页2023年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(一英语第二部分阅读共两节，满分50分)第一节共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASummeriscoming.Arelookingforapart-timejob?somepossibleoptions.Lifeguardastrongswimmerandacommunicator?Wouldlikeachallenge?Welookingforlifeguardsforourbusysummerseason.experienceisnecessarywillgettwooftrainingbeforestartthejob.Aswellbeingphysicallyfit,tobeavailableforworkMon-Fri,7-11a.m.StoreassistantWelookingforstoreassistantsforourbusystore.Applicantstobereliable,friendly,andenjoyspeakingtocustomers.Asecondlanguageispreferredmanyofourcustomerstouristsfromothercountries.Thepositionspart-timeandtoworkfromThursdayto10a.m.-4p.m.Fashiondesignerinterestedinthelateststyles?creativeandart?so,Dresswiseislookingforapersontocreatenewlooksforourteendepartment.ThisisaopportunitytogainexperienceintheclothingYouwilltoworkfouraandwe'llpayforeachdesignuse.We'llalsosamplesofdesignstowear.testerintotechnologyandcreative?Wouldliketoplayandtesteducationalgamesandgetpaidforit?Thisisexcitingpart-timejobforsomebodywholovesplayinggames.Weflexiblehours.thisisforwriteadescriptionoffavoritegameandwhylikeitinnomorethan150words.interestedinanyoftheabovejobs,pleasecontactusstudentunrion@.21.Whatisasharedrequirementforlifeguardandstoreassistant?A.CommunicativeAsecondlanguage.C.Professionalexperience.Astrong22.Whichjobapplyforifonlyworkonweekends?A.Lifeguard.B.Storeassistant.D.Gametester.C.Fashiondesigner.23.Whatgetfromthejobafashiondesigner?Samplesofthelateststyles.第1页共14页Paymentforeachofdesigns.C.ExperienceinthefashionChancestoclothesforadults.21.A细节题。通过小标题Lifeguard小标题里的astrongswimmerandacommunicator?以及Storeassistant小标题里的andenjoyspeakingtocustomers.可知forlifeguardandstoreassistant两个岗位都需要有很好的沟通能力，故选。22.D,推断题。题目假设你只能申请在周末工作的岗位,那么可以定位每个岗位的工作时间，从Gametester这段Weflexiblehours.得知，工作时间是flexiblehours,也就是可以选择周末工作的。故选。23.C,推断题。定位fashiondesigner这段,根据thisisagreatopportunitytoexperienceintheclothingindustry.可知，可以获得时尚业的工作经验。故选C。BDellaStewardthestandardwell-wishesonherblogonher53rdbirthday,butshesomeunusualmessagestoo.OneabouttheSmithfamilywhohadjustlosttheirfour-year-oldsontocancer.Hisolderbrotherinsorrow.CouldDellahelp?Thatmessageandthe30orsootherslikeitexactlywhatDellalookingfor.Tocelebrateher53rd,thelong-timesocialserviceprofessionalhadputoutacallonherblog.Shewantedtocommit53randomactsofkindnessbytheendofherbirthmonth,andsheneededinformationonpeoplewhocoulduseone.WhenshethenoteabouttheSmithfamily,shesentawindchime(风铃)withthemessage“ListentothewindandknowthatInear”writtenonit.nowhangsinthefour-year-old'sbedroom,hisolderbrothertolistentoitwheneverhewants.ThisisnotthefirsttimethatDellahasdecidedtogiftsforherher47th,in2016,shefoundedinAction,organizationcommittedtodoingsomethingherhomeandbeyond.Itsaimissimple:YourBest,ShowYourLove!Overtheyears,theorganizationhasreachedoutandtouchedwellover100strangers,somefoundviaDclla'sblog,otherswithhelpfromhergrandkids.Theorganizationalsosharesinexpensiveandcreativegiftideasforotherstohelppeopleinneed.Dellaforeverythingherself:cards,pay-it-forwardpurchasesdrive-throughs,andcarepackages,wellthegasittakestoplayfamilyoftengiveshersomeextrabirthdaywithaseriouswarningagainstspendingitonanyoneelse,whichshenaturallyignores.“Iacoupleofcardsformybirthdaythisandlike'YESSS!”It'sDella'sandshe'llifshewantsto.24.WhattheunusualmessagesDellaonher53rdbirthday?A.Helprequests.B.Giftideas.C.Donationoffers.Birthdaywishes.25.WhataboutDellafromhergifttotheSmithfamily?A.Sheiscaringand第2页共14页B.Sheislovingandhelpful.C.Sheispatientandromantic.D.Sheiscreativeanddetermined.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesinAction?involvespeopleinactsofkindness.holdsthebeliefthatkindnessoff.offersaidwithinDella'sneighborhood.mainlyaimstoeducatekidstohelpout.27.WhydoesDella'sfamilyherwarnings?A.Shethinkslittleofhercancer.B.ShetreatsstrangersbetterthanherC.SheisfinanciallydependentonherD.Sheistootoherbirthdaygifts.24.A。细节题。定位题干中unusualmessage以吸53rdbirthday,定位原文第一段OneabouttheSmithfamilywhohadjustlosttheirfour-year-oldsontocancer.Hisolderbrotherinsorrow.CouldDellahelp?可知，这个unusualmessage是一个家庭的中的孩子陷入弟弟去世的悲伤中，家人寻求帮助的信息。所以答案应该选helprequests求助，故选。25.B。推断题根据第二段的shesentawindchime(风铃)withthemessage“ListentothewindandknowthatInear”writtenonit.从Della送出的风铃并附上"listentothewindandknowthatInear"的纸条可知，Della是个充满爱心，乐于助人的热心肠，所以选B。26.A。推断题。定位题干LoveinAction,定位原文第3段shefoundedLoveinAction,organizationcommittedtodoingsomethingherhomeandbeyond.Itsaimissimple:YourBest,ShowYourLove!，得知这个组织是旨在在家乡附近为身边人做好事,其目标是,做到最好，展示爱心即希望让人们参与到善行中。故选。27.D。推断题。定位题干中warnings,定位最后一段的familyoftenhersomeextrabirthdaywithaseriouswarningagainstspendingitonanyoneelse,whichshenaturallyignores.“Iacoupleofcardsformybirthdaythisandlike'YESSS!”It'sDella'sandshe'llifshewantsto.得知Della的家人会提醒她不要把钱花到别人身.上,并且她本人认为,她想怎么给就怎么给,所以可以推出，她总是很乐意在她生日的时候把礼物送给别人。故选。CBeavers(海狸),likehumans,changetheirsurroundingstofittheirneeds.Knownnature'sengineers,theyteardowntobuildhomestoliveinanddamstoraisewaterlevelsforprotectionfromenemies.Damsalsoslowwater'sflowwhileblockingsediment(沉积物)thatwouldotherwiseflowdownstream.Theresultingwetlandsoftenattractwildlifediversity第3页共14页nonehadexisted.Therechallenges,though.Beaverdamssometimescauseflooding,andmostpeoplepreferaliveandupright.Communitiesfaceadelicatebalancingact,learningtocoexistwithbeavers.Lastwinter,manypeopleenjoyingWinstonPathbecamebeaveronefamilytransformedSwallowPondintooasisforbirds,frogs,turtlesandsuchactivitycausedconcern.beaversworked,theyraisedwaterlevelsaboutfivefeet.Theincreaseddepthallowsbeaverstosurviveunderwaterifthepondicesover.countyofficialsconcernedabouthowwaterwouldaffectthesoilbanksupportingWinstonPath.Tofindabalancebetweenprotectingthepathandthebeavers,thecountyintroducedbeaverbaffle”—apondleveler.Beaversoftenrushtofillholesintheirdams.Bafflesstabilizewaterlevelsbycreatingahiddenexitforwatertothroughthedam,unnoticedbythebeavers.Peoplelovethebeaversbuttheyalsolovethematuretrees.Recently,CatherineJones,18,organizedatree-cagingevent—puttingwireclotharoundlargetreetrunkstodiscouragebeaversfrombitingthem.alsoprotectspeoplefrominjuryduetorandomfalling.“Wecoverthedon'twantthemtoeat,whileplantingperiodicallyotherstheylike,"saidJones.“Weneed-tolearntoupalittleofourwantstosharetheEarth'sresources.”SwallowPond's2023projectwillrestoreproperwaterdepthandimprovewildlifehabitatwithoutcreatingproblemsforthepath.Thebalancingcontinues.28.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?Wherebeavers'favoritesurroundingsare.Whateffectsbeavershaveontheirhabitat.C.Whybeaverscallednature'sengineers.D.Howbeavershelpattractwildlife29.Whydidthebeaverfamily'sactivitycauseconcern?A.SwallowPondwouldfloodoften.B.Sedimentwouldflowdownstream.C.Thepopularpathmightbedamaged.Beaversmighthavetoliveunderwater.30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“beaverbaffle”refertoinparagraph4?A.Ablocktobeaversaway.tooltofixholesinthedams.C.Adevicetomaintainwaterlevel.D.Amaterialtoprotectthesoilbank.31.WhatisthethemeofSwallowPond's2023project?BiologicalB.Harmoniouscoexistence.C.Preventionofnaturaldisasters.D.Preservationofwildlifehabitat.28.B，主旨题。定位首段的结尾句resultingwetlandsoftenattractwildlifediversitynonehadexisted.Therechallenges,though.Beaverdamssometimescause第4页共14页flooding,andmostpeoplepreferaliveandupright."可知海狸的活动)产生的湿地通常会吸引原本不存在的野生动物多样性。不过，也存在挑战。海狸的水坝有时会引起食物，大多数人更喜欢活的直立的树木。可推测海狸的活动对其栖息地产生正向和负向的两种影响，故选项B海狸对它们的栖息地有什么影响为正确答案。29.C,细节题。根据第三段最后一句“countyofficialsconcernedabouthowhigherwaterwouldaffectthesoilbanksupportingWinstonPath"可知:但郡县里的官员担心,更高的水位会如何影响支撑温斯顿小路的土壤库。故C受欢迎的小路可能会被破坏为正确答案。30.C,猜词题。根据第四段最后一句“Bafflesstabilizewaterlevelsbycreatingahiddenexitforwatertothroughthedam,unnoticedbythebeavers.”可知:挡板通过创建一个隐藏的出口来稳定水位,让高水位从大坝中逃逸，而不被海狸发现。故C(一个维持水位的装置为正确答案。31.B,推断题。根据最后一段“SwallowPond's2023projectwillrestoreproperwaterdepthandimprovewildlifehabitwithoutcreatingproblemsforthepath.”可知:SwallowPond的2023年项目将恢复适当的水深，改善野生动物栖息地，而不会给小路带来问题，故答案选B和谐共存。DSomebacteria(细菌)haveasuperpowerthatscientistswouldlovetouse.Thesebacteriagainfromlight,justplantsdo.Scientistshavewantedtousecyanobacteria(蓝藻菌)tomakeelectricity.inpreviousresearch,theydidn'tsurvivelongonartificialsurfaces.Researchershavenowmovedthemtoalivingsurface—amushroom.Theircreationisthefirstmushroomtomakeelectricity.AppliedPhysicistSimonJacksonandhisteamturnedthatmushroomintoaminifarm.Thisbionic(生物电子的)mushroomcombines3Dprinting,conductiveinkandbacteriatogenerateelectricity.couldleadtonewofcombiningnaturewithelectronics.plants,cyanobacteriamaketheirownfoodfromsunlight,releasingelectrons(电子Whenenoughelectronsbuildupinoneplace,theycreateelectriccurrent.Theresearcherstobringalotofthesebacteriatogether.Theydecidedtouse3Dprintingtoplacethempreciselyontoasurface.Jackson'steamchosemushroomsforthatsurface.Afterall,theyrealized,mushroomsnaturallyhostcommunitiesofbacteriaandothermicrobes.FindingtestsubjectsfortheirtestsJacksonsimplywenttothegrocerystoreandpickedupwhitebuttonmushrooms.Printingonthosemushrooms,though,turnedouttobearealchallenge.3Dprintershavedesignedtoprintonflatsurfaces,butmushroomcurved.Theresearchersspentmonthswritingcomputercodetosolvetheproblem.Eventually,theycameupwithaprogramto3Dprinttheirinkontothecurvedmushroomtops.第5页共14页Theresearchersprintedtwo“inks”ontotheirmushr