第09讲 Unit3 词汇和阅读-2023年新高二英语暑假课（外研版2019选择必修1）含解析

第09讲Unit3词汇和阅读理解-【暑假自学课】2023年新高二

英语暑假精品课（外研版2019选择必修1）第09讲Unit3

Faster,higher,stronger

-----⅛

-学-习-目-标--

1.提前预习新外研版选择必修一Unit3的词汇和阅读

2.掌握高二阅读长难句分析方法和阅读（说明文）解题方法

∣⅛

---------------------IlllllllllllllllllllllltlllioiIIIIXX'1-----------------------

一.重点词汇学习

18.surgeryn.______________

Lshinyadj.______________

19.defeat____________

2.bouncev.____________

20.semi-final____________

3.muddyadj____________

21.steely______________

4.teammaten.____________

22.nerven.______________

5.sharpenv.____________

23.seizevt.______________.

6.footstepn.____________

24.cooperationn.-------------------

7.expectation_____________

25.teamworkn.____________-

8.philosophyn.-------------------

26.ingredientn.____________

9.cheatv.____________

27.tournament.------------------

10.self-belief____________

28.graduaten.&v.

11.yogan._____________

29.concludev.____________

12.remarkable______________

30.intenseadj.______________

13.net____________

3!.memorizevt.______________

14.burstv.____________.

32.comebackn.______________

15.assignmentn.____________

16vividadj._____________

17.opponent_____________

重点词汇答案见教材词汇表

二.重点短语

1.与...大不相同

2.倒塌，向下垮

3.仿效某人；继承某人（尤指家人）的事业

4.继续

5.连续地

6.着手做某事

7.最终做某事

8.四处，四面八方

9.与……分离（分开）；脱落

10.穿上

1ɪ•PayOff取得成功

12.突然出现在……（指突然成功）

13.促成，有助于

14.兴奋，狂热

Q考点剖析］

X__________________________________________________,

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考点1：SharPenV.使提高，使改进；使变锋利

要点归纳

（I）SharpMA敏锐的；锋利的；（变化）急剧的，猛烈的；响亮的；严厉的

adv.（指时刻）整；向左/右急转

besharpwithsb对某人严厉

⑵SharPIyadL急剧地；严厉地；鲜明地，明显地

1.【单句填空】

(I)HewasverysharpmewhenIwaslate.

(2)1hopethiscoursewillhelpme(sharp)mycomputerskill.

(3)Theirexperiencescontrast(sharp)withthoseofotherchildren.

补全句子

(4)Thelecturestarts.Latecomerswillnotbeadmitted.

讲座6点整开始。迟到者不得入内。

考点2：expectationn.预料，预期

要点归纳

(l)beyondone,sexpectations超出某人的预期

in(the)expectationof预料；期望；指望

intheexpectationthat...预计/期望...

live/comeuptoone'sexpectations不负某人所望；达到某人期望

(2)expectu预料；期待；期望；认为

expect(sb)todosth期待(某人)做某事

beexpectedtodosth预计做某事；被期待做某事

[ʌ]例2.【单句填空】

(I)Heexpectsthathisparentsgivehimlotsofloveinsteadofhigh^otherwise

hewillbeloadedwithgreatpressure.(expect)

(2)TheamazingsceneryoftheSummerPalaceisexpectation.

(3)(2021∙新高考I卷)AsItoldmyparentsatdinnerthatfirstnight,itwasallalittlemore

high-pressurethanI(expect).

(4)Don,texpectthelittlechild(finish)allthisworkinsolittletime.

写作链接补全句子

(S)Determinedtohavetogoallout.

我决心不辜负父母的期望，我必须全力以赴。

考点3：burstv.(burst,burst)突然出现；爆裂；爆发〃.突然破裂；爆发

要点归纳

burstoutCrying/laughing)

(1)κ,nu“突然哭起来/笑起来

burstintotears/laughterJ

burstin/into闯入，突然破门而入

burstwithanger勃然大怒

burstonto突然出现在.…..(指突然成功)

(2)aburstof一阵；突然爆发

语法要领

(l)burstin中的in是副词，后面不接宾语；

(2)burstinto中的into是介词，后面应接宾语。

I、眄3【单句填空】

信有吾法填空/写出下面句中黑体部分的含义

(I)IwasteachingforeignerstoIeamBeijingOperawhenagroupofpupilsburst.

(2)Hebursttheroomwithoutknockingatthedoor,whichmademeveryangry.

(3)Heburstthefashionsceneintheearly1980s.

(4)(2020•浙江卷)By9：33am,aburstofadditionaltrafficmightpushsignalcycleto145

seconds.____________

词汇/句式升级

(5)Whenshesawherclassmatesburstoutlaughingbecauseofherfoolishmistakes,sheburst

intotears.

—SeeingherClaSSmateSburstintoIaUghterbecauseofherfoolishmistakes,she

(现在分词作状语)

考点4：PayOff取得成功；得到好结果；偿清

要点归纳

payforsth付某物的钱；为某物付出代价

payback偿还(欠款)；报复；回报

payavisitto参观；拜访

payattentionto注意；留心

⅛4【单句填空】

,句语法填空

(I)Thewatchwasverygood,andhepaid20percentdownit.

(2)ThatIcanpaythehelppeoplegavememakesmehappy.

(3)Weheardnoisescomingfromupstairs,butwedidn'tpaymuchattentionthem.

补全句子

(4)Asaproverbgoes,wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Oureffortsintime.

俗话说，有志者事竟成。我们的努力终有回报。

考点5：afarCryfrOm与...大不相同

要点归纳

asfaras据...，就....

byfar(修饰比较级或最高级)...得多；最....

sofar到目前为止，迄今

farfrom远离；远非；完全不

I、产5【单句填空】

(I)LivingintheheartofNewYorkCityiscertainlyafarcrylivingintherural

countryside.

(2)WatchingsportwasfarthemostpopularactivityonSaturdayafternoons.

(3)Weshouldn'thavespentsomuchmoneyvisitinghere;thesceneryisfarbeautiful.

补全句子

(4),themeetingwon'tbeheldtomoπow.

据我所知，明天不举行会议。

考点6：giveWay倒塌，向下垮

要点归纳

givewayto被...取代；向...让步

giveout放出，发出(光、热、声音等)；分发；公布；用完，耗尽

giveaway赠送，捐赠；泄露(秘密)；颁发

giveup放弃；戒除

givein屈服；投降

giveoff放出，散发(光、热、烟、气味等)

］例6【单句填空】

⑴(2021•浙江卷)Heshowedusthatevenasingledesire,nevergivenugon,canmakefora

remarkablelife.

(2)(2019•浙江卷)Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloththatgivesofflightinthe

dark.

(3)Theheadmastergaveawaytheprizestothewinnersatthesportsmeeting.

补全句子

(4)Atfirsthesaidnothing,andthen

起先他什么也没说，后来他的沉默渐渐转为愤怒。

考点7：carryon继续；坚持；经营；进行（生意、谈话等）

要点归纳

(withsth

carryon.继续做某事

［doingsth

carryout实行；执行；进行；履行(诺言、义务等)

［例7【单句填空】

(I)You*1I2345lhaveanaccidentifyoucarryon(drive)likethat.

(2)Firstofall,themostsignificantthingistosetagoal,workoutaplanand

carryyourplanstepbystep.

词汇升级

(3)Ifyoucontinueworkinglikethat,youwillbreakdownsoonerorlater.

→Ifyouworkinglikethat,youwillbreakdownsoonerorlater.

［域真题演练")

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(-)用所给词的适当形式填空

1.Aquickreviewofsuccessesandfailuresattheendofyearwillhelp(sharp)

youryearahead.

2.Infact,theywereshotfrom1914through1916,mostofthemafteradisastrousShiPWreCk(海

难),byacameramanwhohadnoreasonable(expect)ofsurvival.

3.Yousee,abitofrespectand(cooperate)candothejobbetter.

4.Theexhibitionwasorganisedbytheschoolin(associate)withlocalartists.

5.Thenovel(vivid)describedthelifeofyoungpeopleinthefrontierregion.

(二)固定用法和搭配

1.MrGumpalwayssaidthatinthelonglifeonewillhavehadmanyupsdowns.

2.Neverloseheart,fellows,butIamsureyouwillhavethechancetostartzero.

3.Wearecalledontocarrywaragainstpoverty,illiteracy,anddisease.

4.It,sabeautifulpainting,butit,safarcrygreatart.

5.Inhumanlife,happinessandmisfortunesareoftenourexpectations,andan

unexpectedblowmayevendriveoneupthewall.

(≡)阅读理解：长难句分析

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Overheatingisaseriousissueforbirdsflyinglongdistances,andpalerfeathersthatreflectmoreofthesun,sheat

maybeoneofthewaystheycope.

Thelateststudyofnearlyallofthe10000orsobirdspecieshasfoundthatthefartherbirdsmigrate(迁徙),

thepalertheirfeatherstendtobe.Thisisprobablybecauseithelpsbirdsflyinginsunlighttokeepcool,says

KasparDelheyattheMaxPlanckInstituteforOrnithologyinSeewiesen,Germany.ςςFeathercolourisextremely

diverseandmanyfactorscandrivetheevolutionofcolours,ofwhichmigrationisonlyone.”

Severalrecentstudiessuggestthatoverheatingismoreofaproblemforbirdsflyinglongdistancesthan

previouslythought.Forinstance,sensorshaveshownthatthebodyheatofmigratingeiderduckscanrisesohigh

thattheyhavetostopflying.

Anotherstudyfoundthatsomemigratingbirdsflymuchhigherduringthedaythantheydoatnight,despite

havingtospendmoreenergystayinghighinthinnerair.Thissuggeststhattheheatofthesunmakesthemmuch

morelikelytooverheat,andmadeDelheyandhiscolleagueswonderwhethermigratingbirdshavelighterfeathers

tohelpthemcope.

TheresearchersusedphotosfromtheHandbookoftheBirdsoftheWorldtoratethelightnessofbirds*

feathersfrom0to100,treatingmalesandfemalesasseparatespeciesbecausecolourissooftendifferentbetween

thesexes.Theyfoundthatshort-distancemigrantsweresignificantlylighterthanbirdsthatdidn,tmigrate,and

long-distancemigrantsweresignificantlylighterthanshort-distancemigrants,evenwithouttakingintoaccount

factorssuchasbodysizeortheenvironmentalconditionswherebirdslive.

Onepossibleresultofthephenomenonisthatmigratingbirdsaregoingtofinditevenhardertostaycoolas

theplanetheatsup.Risingtemperaturesmayforcedarkerspeciestoflyonlyduringthenightwhilemigrating,says

Dellhey,ortoflyevenhigherduringtheday.Theseresponseswillprobablyinvolvecosts,whichmayreduce

individualsurvival,withpotentialnegativeconsequencesatthepopulationlevel,hesays.

28.Whatisaproblemforbirdsflyinglongdistances?

A.Theirfeathersdropoff.B.Theygetlostduetothesun.

C.Theirbodiesbecometoohot.D.Theyflyfarthertospendthewinter.

29.Whathasthelateststudyfound?

A.Migratingbirdsusuallyflyatnighttoavoidstrongsunlight.

B.Birdshavetostopflyingoftenwhenmigratingtohavearest.

C.Thelongerdistancethebirdsmigrate,thelightertheirfeathersbecome.

D.Thefeathercolourofbirdsisextremelydiverseandmanyfactorscandriveit.

30.Whydosomebirdsflyhigherduringtheday?

A・Tosaveenergy.B.Tocoolthemselves.

C.Tobreathefreshair.D.Toescapefromenemies.

31.Whatisapotentialcostthatdarkbirdspaytoflyhigheroronlyatnight?

A.Theymaydeclineinpopulation.B.Theymayhavesmallerbodies.

C.Theymayfailtomigrate.D.Theymaytakelongertomigrate.

(2)

ɪ8-year-oldAlisonSangerisanamazingstudent.Maybetooamazing-thebookopenswithAlisonlyingto

hermotherabouthavingfoodpoisoningsoshecantakeatestonShakespeare.Morethangettinggoodgrades,her

truemotivationistobeatheropponent,EthanMolloy.

Ethanhasgonetoe-to-toewithAlisononeverythingthroughoutschool.They,rebothhonorsstudents.They

areco-vicepresidentsoftheseniorclass.TheybothhopetogetintoHarvard.ThefactthatEthanandAlisonseem

toalwaysdoeverythingatthesametimeturnedintoacompetitionalongtimeago.Whoeverdoesworseonan

exammustdoanunpleasanttaskofthewinner,schoosing.Ifsomeonemissestheexam,theyforfeit.

ThisunfriendlycompetitionissofamousthateveιyoneatFairviewknowsaboutit,studentsandstaff.They,re

evenmoreannoyedbyitthanAlison.Theprincipaltakesmattersinhandbyaskingthetwotoco-planaprevious

class,sten-yearreunionaftersomeoneelsedroppedtheball.Asyoumightimagine,tensionsariseandpassionis

aroused.Inacertainway,What⅛NottoLoveisalittlelikeTheHungerGames.LikeKatnisswithPeeta,Alisonis

constantlyevaluatingherownemotionsagainstEthan,ssupposedstrategy.

Whilereadingthisbook,ɪwasforcedtowonderexactlyhowhealthythisrelationshipwas.ɪassumed

everyone,sintentionsinthebookwerehonorable-theauthorsthemselvesturnedoutallrightintheend,andl,m

incrediblygladforthat.Wibbrokafanswillnotbedisappointed-WhatsNottoLoveisstoryofsoulmatesand

passion;itsshortchaptersandtightpacingcarrythereaderalongallthewaytothesatisfyingconclusion.Despite

itsfaults—whichthetextitselfcallstoattention—fansofenemies-to-loversstorieslikeHowtoLoseaGuyinTen

Dayswillfeelrightathomehere.

18.WhydoesAlisonlietohermother?

A.Totreatherfoodpoisoning.

B.Toprovethatshe,salsoamazing.

C.Tobeabletobetestedonschedule.

D.Topleaseherfriendwithgoodgrades.

19.Whatdoes"forfeit"inParagraph2probablymean?

A.Compete.B.Withdraw.

C.Cooperate.D.Succeed.

20.Howdoestheprincipalsattempttohelpthetwogirlsend?

A.Theyprovetheirabilitiesseparately.

B.Theygetthefinalresultoftheircompetition.

C.Theysetupabetterrelationshipbetweenthem.

D.Theyuseitasanotherchancetocontinuethecompetition.

21.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthebook?

A.Worthreading.B.Useless.

C.Unreasonable.D.Perfect.

gjsse检测

----------------IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII-----------------

一.默写下列核心词汇对应的词性转换。

1.associationn.协会，社团fV.联想，联系fMA关联的

2.Shinya力’.光滑发亮的，闪光的一V.发出光；照射

3.muddyadj.沾满泥的，泥泞的→n.泥

4.SharPen0.使提高，使改进；使变锋利一MA敏锐的；锋利的；（变化）急剧的,

猛烈的；响亮的；严厉的。而.（指时刻）整；向左/右急转一n.铅笔刀；磨具

5.expectation〃.预料，预期f0.预料；期待；期望；认为

6.remarkablea4•.非凡的；不寻常的-*V.&〃.评论

7.ViVida矽’.生动的，逼真的fado.生动地，逼真地

8.assignv.分配，分派fn.任务；职责

9.cooperationn.合作，协作fV.合作f勿，合作的

10.intense。的.紧张的，激烈的f。面.强烈地；剧烈地

二.课文语法填空

短文中的黑体部分为本单元知识点，请按要求补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分的用法。

TheyoungplayerIbm1(defeat)byhisopponentinthetournamentseveralmonthsago.

Hedidn'tloseheart,butcarriedontraininghard.Hewassosteelythatheseizedeachminute_2

(sharpen)hisskills.3(unfortunate),hehadhisleftleginjuredwhiletrainingoneday.Hewas

senttohospitalatonce,wherehe4(receive)asurgery.Afterashorttime,heleftthehospital

andcarriedontraining.Healwaysfinishedthetrainingtask5(assign)tohimaheadof

time.Whilehisteammateswerewatchinghimtraining,theyfound6hardtoassociatehim

withaninjuredperson.Hehadbeentraininghard,forhisphilosophywastotakeeveryopportunity

togetbetter.Intheend,hishardworkandhisendurancepaidoff.Heperformedverywellinsome

intensematchesandmadeseveralremarkableachievementsinarow,7wasreallybeyond

ourexpectations.Heissohonestandnevercheatsinthematches.Heissogentlethathealwaysgets

onwell8histeammates.Inaddition,heisgoodat9(express)himselfandheoftencan

giveavivid10(describe)ofwhathehasseeninhisdailylife.Inaword,heisalovelyguy.

第09讲Unit3Faster,higher,stronger

-学-习--目--标-<?

--v---

3.提前预习新外研版选择必修一UniO的词汇和阅读

4.掌握高二阅读长难句分析方法和阅读（说明文）解题方法

ι∣畲基础知.

-------------------Illlliuuillllllllllllllllllimilllllll-----------------------

一.重点词汇学习

l.shinyadj.4.teammaten.

2.bouncev.5.shaψenv.

3.muddyadj6.footstepn.

7.expectation____________

8.philosophyn.-------------------

9.cheatv.____________

10.self-belief____________

11.yogan._____________

12.remarkable____________

13.net_____________

14.burstv--------------------

15.assignmentn._____________

16vividadj._____________

17.opponent____________

18.surgeryn.____________-

19.defeat____________

20.semi-final____________-

21.steely______________

22.nerven.______________

23.seizevt.______________

24.cooperationn.

25.teamworkn.____________

26.ingredientn.----------------------

27.tournament____________

28.graduaten.&v..

29.concludev._____________

30.intenseadj.____________

31.memorizevt..

32.comebackn.____________

重点词汇答案见教材词汇表

≡.重点短语

1.afarCryfrom与...大不相同

2.giveWay倒塌，向下垮

3.followinone'sfootsteps仿效某人；继承某人（尤指家人）的事业

4.CarryOn继续

5.inarow连续地

6.SetOUttodoSth着手做某事

7.endUPdoingSth最终做某事

8.inalldirections四处，四面八方

9.ComeOff与...分离（分开）；脱落

10.PUlIOn穿上

11.DayOff取得成功

12.burstOnto突然出现在……（指突然成功）

13.ContribUteto促成，有助于

14.gowild兴奋，狂热

IC考点剖析

-------------IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIUIIIIIIIIIIIIIII----------------

考点1：SharPenV.使提高，使改进；使变锋利

要点归纳

（l）shaɪpadj.敏锐的；锋利的；（变化）急剧的，猛烈的；响亮的；严厉的

adv.（指时刻）整；向左/右急转

besharpwithsb对某人严厉

(2)sharplyadv.急剧地；严厉地；鲜明地，明显地

1.【单句填空】

(I)HewasverysharpWithmewhenIwaslate.

(2)1hopethiscoursewillhelpmeSharPen(SharP)mycomputerskill.

(3)Theirexperiencescontrastsharply(sharp)withthoseofotherchildren.

补全句子

(4)Thelecturestartsat6：OOsharpLatecomerswillnotbeadmitted.

讲座6点整开始。迟到者不得入内。

考点2：expectationn.预料，预期

要点归纳

(l)beyondone'sexpectations超出某人的预期

in(the)expectationof预料；期望；指望

intheexpectationthat...预计/期望...

live/comeuptoone'sexpectations不负某人所望；达到某人期望

(2)expectv.预料；期待；期望；认为

expect(sb)todosth期待(某人)做某事

beexpectedtodosth预计做某事；被期待做某事

(I)Heexpectsthathisparentsgivehimlotsofloveinsteadofhighexpectations;otherwisehe

willbeloadedwithgreatpressure.(expect)

(2)TheamazingsceneryoftheSummerPalaceisbeyondexpectation.

(3)(2021∙新高考I卷)AsItoldmyparentsatdinnerthatfirstnight,itwasallalittlemore

high-pressurethanIhadexpected(expect).

(4)Don'texpectthelittlechildtofinish(finish)allthisworkinsolittletime.

写作链接补全句子

(5)Determinedtolive/comeUPtomyParents'expectations,Ihavetogoallout.

我决心不辜负父母的期望，我必须全力以赴。

考点3：burstv.(burst,burst)突然出现；爆裂；爆发突然破裂；爆发

要点归纳

burstoutCryinN/laughing]

(1)κ.：斗突然哭起来/笑起来

burstintotears/laughterJ

burstin/into闯入，突然破门而入

burstwithanger勃然大怒

burstonto突然出现在……(指突然成功)

(2)aburstof一阵；突然爆发

语法要领

(l)burstin中的in是副词，后面不接宾语；

(2)burstinto中的into是介词，后面应接宾语。

['PI3【单句填空】

章耳语法填空/写出下面句中黑体部分的含义

(I)IwasteachingforeignerstoIeamBeijingOperawhenagroupofpupilsburstin.

(2)Heburstintotheroomwithoutknockingatthedoor,whichmademeveryangry.

(3)HeburstOntOthefashionsceneintheearly1980s.

(4)(2020•浙江卷)By9：33am,aburstofadditionaltrafficmightpushsignalcycleto145

SeCondS.突然爆发

词汇/句式升级

(5)Whenshesawherclassmatesburstoutlaughingbecauseofherfoolishmistakes,sheburst

intotears.

—SeeingherCIaSSmateSburstintoIaUghterbecauseofherfoolishmistakes,sheburstout

Crying.(现在分词作状语)

考点4：PayOff取得成功；得到好结果；偿清

要点归纳

payforsth付某物的钱；为某物付出代价

payback偿还（欠款）；报复；回报

payavisitto参观；拜访

payattentionto注意；留心

I、］例4【单句填空】

章而吾法填空

(I)Thewatchwasverygood,andhepaid20percentdownforit.

(2)ThatIcanpaybackthehelppeoplegavememakesmehappy.

(3)Weheardnoisescomingfromupstairs,butwedidn'tpaymuchattentiontothem.

补全句子

(4)Asaproverbgoes,wherethereisawill,thereisaway.OureffortsWiIlPayOffintime.

俗话说，有志者事竟成。我们的努力终有回报。

考点5：afarcryfrom与...大不相同

要点归纳

asfaras据...，就....

byfar(修饰比较级或最高级)...得多；最

sofar到目前为止，迄今

farfrom远离；远非；完全不

0

(A?5【单句填空】

(I)LivingintheheartofNewYorkCityiscertainlyafarcryfromlivingintherural

countryside.

(2)WatchingsportwasbyfarthemostpopularactivityonSaturdayafternoons.

(3)Weshouldn'thavespentsomuchmoneyvisitinghere;thesceneryisfarfrombeautiful.

补全句子

(4)ASfarasIknow,themeetingwon'tbeheldtomorrow.

据我所知，明天不举行会议。

考点6：giveWay倒塌，向下垮

要点归纳

givewayto被...取代；向....让步

giveout放出，发出(光、热、声音等)；分发；公布；用完，耗尽

giveaway赠送，捐赠；泄露(秘密)；颁发

giveup放弃；戒除

givein屈服；投降

giveoff放出，散发(光、热、烟、气味等)

l⅛j6【单句填空】

⑴(2021•浙江卷)Heshowedusthatevenasingledesire,nevergivenugon,canmakefora

remarkablelife.

(2)(2019∙浙江卷)Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloththatgivesofflightinthe

dark.

(3)Theheadmastergaveawaytheprizestothewinnersatthesportsmeeting.

补全句子

(4)Atfirsthesaidnothing,andthenhisSilenCegaveWaytoangar.

起先他什么也没说，后来他的沉默渐渐转为愤怒。

考点7：CaITyon继续；坚持；经营；进行（生意、谈话等）

要点归纳

withsth

carryonι.继续做某事

d1oingsth1

carryout实行；执行；进行；履行（诺言、义务等）

7【单句填空】

(I)You1Ilhaveanaccidentifyoucarryondriving(drive)likethat.

(2)Firstofall,themostsignificantthingistosetagoal,workoutaplanandcarryoutyourplan

stepbystep.

词汇升级

(3)Ifyoucontinueworkinglikethat,youwillbreakdownsoonerorlater.

→IfyouCalTyOnworkinglikethat,youwillbreakdownsoonerorlater.

真题演练］I

-----------------IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII-------------------

(一)用所给词的适当形式填空

1.Aquickreviewofsuccessesandfailuresattheendofyearwillhelpsharpen(sharp)youryear

ahead.

2.Infact,theywereshotfrom1914through1916,mostofthemafteradisastrousShiPWreCk(海

难),byacameramanwhohadnoreasonableexpectation(expect)ofsurvival.

3.Yousee,abitofrespectandCooperation(Cooperate)candothejobbetter.

4.Theexhibitionwasorganisedbytheschoolinassociation(associate)withlocalartists.

5.ThenovelViVidIy(ViVid)describedthelifeofyoungpeopleinthefrontierregion.

(二)固定用法和搭配

1.MrGumpalwayssaidthatinthelonglifeonewillhavehadmanyupsanddowns.

2.Neverloseheart,fellows,butIamsureyouwillhavethechancetostartfromzero.

3.Wearecalledontocarryonwaragainstpoverty,illiteracy,anddisease.

4.It,sabeautifulpainting,butit,safarcryfromgreatart.

5.Inhumanlife,happinessandmisfortunesareoftenbeyondourexpectations,andan

unexpectedblowmayevendriveoneupthewall.

(≡)阅读理解：长难句分析

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Overheatingisaseriousissueforbirdsflyinglongdistances,andpalerfeathersthatreflectmoreofthesun'sheat

maybeoneofthewaystheycope.

Thelateststudyofnearlyallofthe10000orsobirdspecieshasfoundthatthefartherbirdsmigrate(迁徙),

thepalertheirfeatherstendtobe.Thisisprobablybecauseithelpsbirdsflyinginsunlighttokeepcool,says

KasparDelheyattheMaxPlanckInstituteforOrnithologyinSeewiesen,Germany."Feathercolourisextremely

diverseandmanyfactorscandrivetheevolutionofcolours,ofwhichmigrationisonlyone.”

Severalrecentstudiessuggestthatoverheatingismoreofaproblemforbirdsflyinglongdistancesthan

previouslythought.Forinstance,sensorshaveshownthatthebodyheatofmigratingeiderduckscanrisesohigh

thattheyhavetostopflying.

Anotherstudyfoundthatsomemigratingbirdsflymuchhigherduringthedaythantheydoatnight,despite

havingtospendmoreenergystayinghighinthinnerair.Thissuggeststhattheheatofthesunmakesthemmuch

morelikelytooverheat,andmadeDelheyandhiscolleagueswonderwhethermigratingbirdshavelighterfeathers

tohelpthemcope.

TheresearchersusedphotosfromtheHandbookoftheBirdsoftheWorldtoratethelightnessofbirds*

feathersfrom0to100,treatingmalesandfemalesasseparatespeciesbecausecolourissooftendifferentbetween

thesexes.Theyfoundthatshort-distancemigrantsweresignificantlylighterthanbirdsthatdidn,tmigrate,and

long-distancemigrantsweresignificantlylighterthanshort-distancemigrants,evenwithouttakingintoaccount

factorssuchasbodysizeortheenvironmentalconditionswherebirdslive.

Onepossibleresultofthephenomenonisthatmigratingbirdsaregoingtofinditevenhardertostaycoolas

theplanetheatsup.Risingtemperaturesmayforcedarkerspeciestoflyonlyduringthenightwhilemigrating,says

Dellhey,ortoflyevenhigherduringtheday.Theseresponseswillprobablyinvolvecosts,whichmayreduce

individualsurvival,withpotentialnegativeconsequencesatthepopulationlevel,hesays.

28.Whatisaproblemforbirdsflyinglongdistances?

A.Theirfeathersdropoff.B.Theygetlostduetothesun.

C.Theirbodiesbecometoohot.D.Theyflyfarthertospendthewinter.

29.Whathasthelatests