牛津译林版初中形容词和副词比较级和最高级全解

PAGEPAGE4形容词副词比较级和最高级的基本概念：绝大多数形容词副词都有三种形式,即原级,比较级和最高级,以表示说明的性质状态在程度上的不同。当我们只是简单表达事物的性质和状态时，用形容词副词的原级和基本句型结构来表达就可以了。当我们要对事物做出比较时，就要用到它们的比较级和最高级，以及他们相对应的句型构成。知识点一、形容词副词的比较级和最高级变化规则：形容词的原级:形容词，副词的原级形式就是词典中出现的原形。例如:poor,tall,great,quickly.carefully等。

形容词副词比较级和最高级：形式上要进行相应的变化，变化规则如下：

（1）规则变化：

①单音节和部分双音节的形容词比较级一般在词尾加-er，最高级在词尾加-est

e.g:smart--smarter—smartestcalm--calmer—calmest

tall--taller--tallest

②以字母e结尾的比较级直接在词尾加-r，最高级加-st.

e.g:nice--nicer

-nicest

fine--finer-finest

large—larger--largest

③以“辅音+y结尾的词，变y为i，比较级加-er”，最高级加-est.

e.g:early—earlier-earliest

happy—happier-happiest

busy—busier-busiest

④以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词，双写辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est

e.g:big—bigger-biggest

thin—thinner-thinnest

hot—hotter-hottest

⑤多音节或部分双音节的形容词,比较级在原级前面加more，最高级在原级前加most

e.g:popular--morepopular—mostpopular

important--moreimportant—mostimportantslow--moreslowly--mostslowly

（2）不规则变化：（少数形容词，副词）good/well—better--best

bad/ill/badly—worse--worst

many/much—more--most

little—less--least

far--farther/further—farthest/furthestoldolder/elder—oldest/eldest●相关练习：一、写出下列单词的反义词1.hot____2.new________3.clean________4.high________5.heavy______6.cold_______7.bad______8.carefuly________二、写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级1.old______________2.busy___________________3.thin________________4.many___________________5.slowly_______________6.delicious__________________7.few_______________8.polite__________________

知识点二、比较级的用法:(掌握大框架的同时，抓住细节！)(一)当两个人或事物（A和B）进行比较时，比较级基本句型：

形容词/副词比较级+than+…

e.gIamtallerthanyou.我比你高。

HerunsfasterthanI.他跑得比我快。(二)比较级其它常用句型1．“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。

Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer．（单音节）天气越来越暖和。

Heisrunningfasterandfaster．（单音节）他跑得越来越快。

0urcountryisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful．（部分双音节和多音节）我们祖国越来越美了。

2．“the比较级…，the比较级…”表示“越……，就越……”，

Themore，thebetter.多多益善。Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbecome.（吃得越多，就会变得越胖。）Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyouwillmake.你越细心，犯错就越少。

3．“the比较级ofthetwo…”表示“两个当中较。。。的一个”

Thetallerofthetwoboysismybrother.（两个男孩中较高的是我哥哥。）4.在两者之间进行选择“哪一个更……”时，用句型“which/whois+比较级，AorB?Whichsweaterischeaper,theredoneortheyellowone?（哪个毛衣比较便宜些，红色的还是黄色的？）★备注：

1．比较级前面一般可以用much,even,alittle，alot修饰，其中even,much只能修饰比较级。

NostudentisastallasLiuMei.（同级比较级）过关检测：开始认真做作业吧，考虑得越仔细，做得就会越好！1.Yingtianisnotas___________(tall)asYongxian.2.Almostallthestudents'facesarethesamebutLiDeminglooks_______(fat)thanbefore.3.Whichis_________(heavy),ahenorachicken?4.--How_________(tall)isSally?--She's1.55metres________(tall).WhataboutXiaoling?--She'sonly1.40metres______(tall).Sheismuch_______(short)thanSally.Sheisalsothe_______(short)girlintheclass.5.Heis______(bad)atlearningmaths.Heismuch_______(bad)atChineseandheisthe_________(bad)atEnglish.6.AnniesaysSallyisthe________(kind)personintheworld.7.Anorangeiaalittle______(big)thananapple,butmuch________(small)thanawatermelon.8.Thebasketball_______________________thebaseball.(big)9.Arose__________________________________aweed(野草).(beautiful)10.Torontois___________cityinCanada.(large)11.Playingcomputergamesis________________ofalltheactivities.(interesting).12.TheNile(尼羅河)is______________riverintheworld.(long)13.Takingataxiis_____________waytogettotheairport.(easy)14.Test1is_____________________ofallthetests.（difficult）22.Heis________thananyotherboyintheclass.（clever）15.Thewindowis________________ofthetwo.(narrow)四、选择题()1.Sheis________than________.A.busier/usB.busier/weC.morebusy/usD.morebusy/we()2.Janeis________thanBetty.A.lesstallerB.lesstallestC.lesstallD.notastall()3.Chinais________countryintheworld.A.thethirdlargestB.thelargestthirdC.thethirdlargeD.athirdlargest()4.-Whichis____seasoninBeijing?-Ithinkit'sautumn.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest()5-Whichis__________,thesun,themoonortheearth?-Ofcourse,themoonis.A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.thesmallest()6.TheairinBeijingisgettingmuch_____nowthanafewyearsago.A.cleanB.cleanerC.cleanestD.thecleanest()7.Mobilephonesareverypopularnowandtheyare_____thanbefore.A.cheapB.cheaperC.cheapestD.thecheapest()8．IstudyEnglishas_______asmybrother.A.hardB.harderC.hardest()9.Whichis_____,abicycleoracomputer?A.expensiveB.moreexpensiveC.themostexpensive()10.TheYellowRiverisoneof______riversinChina.A.longB.longerC.thelongest()11.Theearthisabout____asthemoon.

A.asfiftytimebigB.fiftytimesasbigC.asbigfiftytimesD.fiftyastimesbig

()12.Yourroom____ismine.

A.twiceaslargethan

B.twicethesizeof

C.biggertwicethanD.astwicelargeas

()13.Yourroomis___thanmine.A.threetimebigB.threetimesbigC.threetimesbiggerD.biggerthreetimes

()14.Hisfatheris____thanhismother.;A.olderfouryearsB.asfouryearsolderC.fouryearsolderD.biggerfouryears

()15.Mathsismorepopularthan____.A.anyothersubjectB.allthesubjectsC.anysubjectD.othersubject

()16.Chinaislargerthan____inAfrica.A.anyothercountryB.othercountriesC.theothercountryD.anycountry

()17.Tomisstrongerthan___inhisclass.A.anyotherboyB.anyboysC.anyboyD.otherboy

()18.Whenspringcomes,itgets____.

A.warmandwarmB.colderandcolder

C.warmerandwarmerD.shorterandshorter

()19.Byandby,____studentsinourclasscametolikeEnglish.A.moreandmoreB.muchandmuchC.manyandmanyD.lessandleast

()20.Atlasthebegantocry___.

A.hardandhardB.morehardandmorehard