2023届北京市北京一零一中高考临考冲刺英语试卷含解析

2023高考英语模拟试卷

注意事项

1.考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。

2.试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分必须用2B铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑

色字迹的签字笔作答。

3.考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

1.一Idroppedbyat6:00pmyesterdaybutfailedtoseeyouatyourhouse.

—Iinagymatthattime.

A.wasexercisingB.amexercising

C.haveexercisedD.hadexercised

2.Don'tleavematchesorcigarettesonthetablewithinofchildren.

A.stretchB.expandC.reachD.extend

3.AfirmfromNewZealandhasrevealedasetofroboticlegswhichtheyclaimwillsoonallow

wheelchair-boundpeopletowalkagain.

A.extremelyB.previouslyC.actuallyD.eventually

4.—Allthecontainershavebeenunloaded!CanithavebeendonebyFrank?

—Impossible!Hehiscarlastnight.

A.hasfixedB.hadfixedC.wouldfixD.wasfixing

5.FrankstudiedEnglishlanguageinLondonforfouryears,sohegetsgoodknowledgeofLondon.

A.a;theB./;/

C./;aD.the;a

6.一Didyouhavetodomuchforthedinnerparty?

—HeleneverythingbythetimeIgothome.

A.finishedB.wasfinishingC.wouldfinishD.hadfinished

7.Quantitiesofsoilinthearea,resultingintheincreasingnumberofnaturaldisasters.

A.iswashedawayB.havewashedaway

C.havewashedawayD.havebeenwashedaway

8.-・・・CouldIaskyouaprivatequestion?

--Sure,________

A.pardonmeB.goaheadC.goodideaD.forgetit

9.arecord-breakingsevenGoldenGlobes,themusicalLaLaLandsurprisinglydoesnotappealtoChinese

viewers.

A.WinningB.Won

C.HavingwonD.Towin

10.SodifficultittoworkouttheproblemthatIdecidedtoaskTomforadvice.

A.IdidfindB.didifind

C.IhavefoundD.haveIfound

11.John,moneywasnownoproblem,startedanewcompanywithhisfriends.

A.forwhoseB.ofwhose

C.ofwhomD.forwhom

12.IamsothrilledtohavemyunderwaterphotosintheNationalGeographicandonthecover!

A.tobefeaturedB.featuredC.beingfeaturedD.tofeature

13.Tianjinsoccerfanswonderhowlongitwillbethepopularsoccerstar—Sunkecanappearinthefieldsin

TianjinasamemberofTianjinTianhaisoccerteam.

A.beforeB.since

C.untilD.where

14.Sincethemiddleofthelastyear,thebike-sharingmarketinBeijing.

A.boomedB.wasboomingC.willboomD.hasboomed

15.Imycellphonelastnight.Nowthebatteryisrunningout.

A.couldhavechargedB.mightcharge

C.shouldhavechargedD.wouldcharge

16.Thelivingroomiscleanandtidy,withadiningtablealreadyforamealtobecooked.

A.laidB.laying

C.tolayD.beinglaid

17.1hopethatwewillbeabletomakeitthroughthetoughtimesandbacktothebusinessofworkingtogether

ourcommongoals.

A.onbehalfofB.inhonorofC.ontopofD.insearchof

18.Couldweaccomplishthetaskaccordingtotheschedule?

-Idoubtthat.Theproblemremainswecangetfinancialaidwithinthisweek.

A.thatB.howC.whyD.when

19.Ihopewhenyoucometomorrow,youthereadingandhavesomethingtoshare.

A.didB.aredoing

C.willbedoingD.willhavedone

20.Pleasecallmysecretarytoarrangeameetingthisafternoon9oritisconvenienttoyou.

A.whereverB.however

C.whicheverD.whenever

第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21.（6分）Statistically,airtravelisbyfarthesafestwaytotravelandyoucanmakeflyingevensafer,justby

followingthesesimplerules.AsyourchancesofbeinginvolvedinanairaccidentarepracticallyniK零），manyofthese

rulesconcernwhatyoushouldandshouldn'tdotomakeyourjourneysaferwhenyouareintheair.

•Flyonnon-stoproutes

Mostaccidentsoccurduringthetakeoff,climb,descentandlandingperiodofaflight,soflyingnon-stopreducesyour

exposuretothesecomplicatedprocedures.

•Chooselargeraircraft

Althoughsmallaircraftshaveverygoodsafetyrecords,thosewithmorethan30passengerseatsaredesignedtocomply

（遵守）withmuchstricterregulationsandaretestedmoreregularlytomakesuretheystillcomply.Also,inthe

unlikelyeventofaseriousaccident,largeraircraftsprovideabetteropportunityforpassengersurvival.

•Payattentiontothepre-flightsafetybriefing（简报）

Theinformationmayseemtoberepeated,butit'sworthlisteningtotheflightattendants.Andevenifyouhaveflown

before,itdoesn*tmeanyouknoweverythingabouttheaircraftyou'reon,suchasthelocationoftheclosestemergency

exit.

•Storethingssafely

Neverputveryheavyarticlesintheoverheadstoragebins.Theymayfalloutwhensomeoneopensthebinandcause

injury.Also,thebinmaynotbeabletoholdheavierobjectsduringtheviolentmovementsofaircausedbythewind.

•Keepyourseatbeltfastenedwhileyouareseated

Cabincrewalwaystellyouthis,butit'simportant.Youcouldbeseriouslyinjurediftheplanehitstheviolentmovement

ofairunexpectedly.Alwaysfastenyourseatbeltifyouaretoldto.Thageneralruleofflyingisthis:Ifyouaretoldtodo

something,doitfirstandaskquestionslater.

•Lettheflightattendantpouryourhotdrinks

Flightattendantsaretrainedtohandlehotdrinkslikecoffeeorteainacrowdedaisleonamovingaircraft,soallow

themtopourthedrinkandhandittoyou.Neverasktotakeacoffeepotfromoneofthem.

1、Whatispthegeneralreasonfortheseairsafetyrules?

A.Whattodointheeventofacrash.

B.Howtoavoidsuddenchange.

C.Howtoimprovesafetywhileyouareflying.

D.Howtoavoidinjury.

2、Theunderlinedphrase"Thegeneralrule**inthefifthrefersto.

A.anythingtheflightstafftellyoutodo

B.generalsafetyadvice

C.walkingaroundtheplane

D.pouringhotdrinks

3、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.largerplaneshavemoresafetychecksandaresaferinanaccident.

B.Take-offsaresaferonnon-stopflightsthanlanding.

C.Everyaircraftisdifferent,sothesafetyproceduresmaybedifferent.

D.Seatbeltsshouldbeworntoprotectagainstsuddenchange.

4、Thebesttitleshouldbe.

A,ThesafestwaytotravelB.Airsafetytips

C.Non-stopRoutesD.Howtotakeaplane

22.（8分）StartingCycling

Wehavetwoservicesdesignedtogivepeopletheconfidenceandknowledgetocyclesuccessfully.

Lessons

AllourinstructorshavebeentrainedtoNationalStandardslevelof"Bike-ability”.Thismeansyouwillbetrained

toastandardconsistentacrossthewholecountry.

Therearethreelevelsofskillstoprogressthrough.Childrenwouldstartlevels1&2,progressingfromthe

playgroundorparktocycleonlessbusylocalroads.Teenagerandadultbeginnerscanalsolearnlevels1&2inan

off-roadandquietenvironment.

Confidentteenagersandadultscanbroadentheirskillsbylearninglevel3,usingmulti-laneroadsandlarger

roundabouts.Weprovidebothcompletepackagesoflessonsforthebeginnerorindividuallessonstailorstotheclient.

Whatevertheneedwecanaddressandpracticeuntilperfect!

Costis&30perhour.

GuidedRide

WeknowthatridingontheroadsinLondoncanbescary,andifyouhavetonavigate（确定行车路线）aswellitcan

becomearealhardtask!TheGuidedRideservicetakesallthestressoutofitforyoubyprovidingthefollowing:

Routeplannedinadvancetosuityourskilllevel.Routemapprovidedtoyou.

Cycleandequipmentchecked.Wewillteachyouasimplemethodtocheckbasicroadworthiness（车辆性能）ofyour

bikethatyoucanperformonaweeklybasis.

Routediscussedandfocusgiventoanyareasrequiringspecialattention.

Cyclealongwiththeinstructorclosebehind.Herethetrafficcanbecontrolledbytheinstructorandrider

observed.

WecurrentlycoverLondonZonesl&2.Pleasecontactusifyourrequirementsareoutsideoftheseareas.

Cost&30perhour.

1、Wherecanlevel1&2lessonsforadultbeginnersbecarriedout?

A.Offroad.B.Nearlargeroundabouts.

C.Onbusylocalroads.D.Onmulti-laneroads.

2、WhatservicesdoestheGuidedRideprovide?

A.Theycheckyourcycleandequipmenteveryweek.

B.TheyhelpyoutobefamiliarwithallLondonroads.

C.TheyletusersexperiencethebusiestroadinLondon.

D.TheyensureusersridesafelyinLondonzones1&2.

3、Whoisthetextprobablyintendedfor?

A.Bikeridinglovers.B.Childrenandteenagers.

C.TravelersinLondon.D.Parentslovingcycling.

23・（8分）IntheshorttimeSteveandZachhadbeeninsidetheirtentpackingtheirtools,wind-blownflame

hadskippedfromthetopofonetreetoanotherThelongdrysummerhadturnedtheforestintoatinderbox.

“Let'sgo!Wecanmakeitbacktotheriverwecrossedtoday!”StevekeptBradyontheleadandtheirheadsdown

againstthefire-wind.ButBradybarkedasharpwarning.Aheadofthemlayathickcurtainofsmokeacrossthetrack.

Theywouldnevermakeitthroughthat.Thedogwaspullingathisleadtryingtodrawthemawayfromthesmoke,and

yetStevewasuneasy.Itseemedtohimthattheyweremovingawayfromtheriver.

Suddenly,Zachcried."Zach!”Steveshouted."AreyouOK?Whereareyou?”ThenBradypulledStevedowna

sharpslope（坡）.Atitsbase,Zachwasrubbinghisankle.

AsStevehelpedhisfriendtohisfeet,Bradyliftedhisheadandsnuffed（嗅）thesmoke-ladenwind.Nextmoment,

thedogboundedawayanddisappeared.Theboysshoutedforhim,buthedidn'tcomeback.Stevecouldn'tblame

Bradyforpanicking.Hehimselfwantedtoruneventhoughhedidn'thaveacluewhichway.

SteveandZachhadn'tgonefarwhentherewasafamiliarbark,andBradycamebounding,stoppeddirectlyin

frontofSteveandhithimwithhishead,pushinghimbacktowardtheslopethey'djustclimbed.ButStevedidn'tgetit.

ThenBradygrabbedtheboy'sjeansandstartedpulling.Themessagewasclear;butStevehesitated.Ofcoursehe

rememberedBradysavinghisuncle'slifewhenthedogwasmuchyounger.Washestillsharpenoughtogetthem

throughthis?

Nearby,apinewentupinawhooshofsmoke.Bradypulledagain,urgently.“OK,bigguy,”Stevegritted（咬紧牙关）.

Bradyledthembackdowntheslopeandintothetrees.Notfarfromthemfirewastouchingunderbrush.Severaltimes

thebigdogstopped.Oftenhechangeddirections.Stevewassotiredthathejustwantedtorest,butBradywouldn't

haveit.Thedogbulliedbothboystogoon.Howlongthey'dwalkedStevehadnoidea.Hewasalmostnumbwhenhe

heardit-thewonderfulsoundofrushingwater!

1、WhathappenedtoSteveandZachatfirst?

A.Theygotinjured.B.Theylosttheirdog.

C.Theyweretrapped.D.Theybecameseparated.

2、Bradyranawayto.

A.seekhelpB.findawayout

C.rescueZachD.escapeforlife

3^HowdidStevefeelafterBradypulledhisjeans?

A.Uneasy.B.Impatient.

C.Numb.D.Uncertain.

4、Thepassagebasicallydescribes.

A.anadventureB.anexploration

C.anescapegameD.atrainingprogram

24.（8分）WhistlerWorldskiSnowboardFestival

TherearemanyreasonswhytheWorldSki&SnowboardFestivalhasbeensopopularforthepast22years.Known

tolocalsasWSSF,thefestivalcombinesspringenergywithWhistlersuniquemountainculture.Itisbeingheldfrom

10thAprilto15thApril,attheWhistlerConferenceCentreinWhistler.Canada.Therearephotography,filmmaking,

skiandsnowboardcompetitions.

WSSFSchedule

Belowaresomeoftheevents.

Tuesday,April10

Eightfamousadventurersgivevisualstoriestotheaudience.TheeightpeopleincludemountainbikersDarren

BerreclothandHansRey,climberJohnLong,diverJillHeinerth,snowboarderAlexWarburton,skierJohnnyThrash,

andadventurersCaseyBrownandTedBaird.

Wednesday,April11

Thisfreeexhibitgivesyouadeeperlookatmountainculture.Itgoesfurtherthansimplylandscapesandwildlife.

TheexhibitwillbeopentoeveryonefromApril11toApril13.

Teamshave72hourstoshoot,editandproduceashortfilmtakenwithin100kilometresofWhistlerVillage.Judges

willchoosejustonewinnerfor“Bestofshow”.

Thursday,April12

Sixphotographerscompetetoamazethejudgesandtheaudiencewithpicturesthatrecordsports,cultureandthe

humanspirit.

Friday,April13

WhistlerBlackcombisthefourthstopinBritishColumbia,Canada,forthissnowboardcontest.Thecontestisfree

toenterandthetwochampions（manandwoman）willshareC$50,000.

Saturday,April14

Competitorsincludeamixofracinglegends.Theaudiencecanviewtheskiraceforfree.*Theskiracedependson

theweatherandisscheduledforSaturday,April14butmaybemovedtoFriday,April13-checkwssf.comfor

up-to-dateinformation.

1、WhatcanwelearnabouttheWorldSkiSnowboardFestival?

A.Itisaseven-dayfestival

B.ItisheldinAprileveryyear.

C.Ithasahistoryofovertwentyyears.

D.Itisbestknownforwhistlersmountainculture.

2、WhatcanvisitorsdoduringtheWorldSkiSnowboardFestival?

A.EnjoyfilmsmadebycompetitorsonApril11.

B.SeeeightfamousmountainbikersonApril10.

C.WatchaskiracethatwilldefinitelyhappenonSaturday.

D.ViewanexhibitfeaturingmountaincultureonApril12.

3、Whichoftheeventsmentionedinthetextoffersaprize?

A.Theskirace.

B.Thesnowboardcontest.

C.Thephotographycompetition.

D.Thefilinniakingcompetition.

25.（10分）Onacollegecampingtrip,curiosityaboutwavesandsandcausedRobThielertostudyshorelines

aroundtheworld.ThirtyyearslaterandnowaU・S.GeologicalSurveyresearchgeologist,Thieler;iscombiningscience

andsmartphonetechnologytohelpstudyabird,whichisdyingout,theAtlanticCoastpipingplover.

ThepipingploverisashorebirdthatlivesalongtheAtlanticCoast,theGreatLakesandtheGreatPlains.Rising

sealevelassociatedwithclimatechange,aswellasincreaseddevelopmentoftheirbeachhabitats（栖，息地），threatensthe

species.Tohelptrackchangesinpipingploverhabitats,ThielerdevelopedafreeappcallediPloverin2012.Thisisa

markedchangefromthetypicalwayscientistscollectdata.

SincereleasingiPlover;scientistshavegathereddataacross1,500kmofbreedingrange.Thatequalsaboutathird

ofthedistanceacrosstheU・whichisalargeareatocoverforonlytwothousandbreedingpairsofpipingploverson

theeastcoast.Insteadofhavingtotravelandspenddaysateachsite,anumberofcooperatorsinthefieldusetheappto

collectandsenddata,allowingscientiststogatherdatamoreefficiently.Italsoallowsthemtocollectdataatthesame

timeduringeachbreedingseason,providingabetterpictureofchangesthathappenoverlongerperiodsoftime.And

fast,centralizedaccessmeansscientistscanlookatdataquicklytogetareal-timeideaofwhereandhowpipingplovers

areusingtheirhabitats.

WhileiPloverisusedbytrainedfieldstaff,otherappsliketheU.S.GeologicalSurvey'sweb-baseduiCoast—Did

theCoastChange?95invitecitizenscientiststoidentifycoastalchangesbycomparingaerial（从飞机上的）photographs

takenbeforeandafterstorms.Alltheinformationscientistsandcitizenscientistsalikecollecthelpsfederalandstate

agenciescreatepolicyplansforaddressingclimatechangeimpacts（影响）worldwide.

1、Whatcanweknowaboutthepipingplover?

A.Itsbehaviourischanging.

B.Itshabitatisgrowingbigger.

C.Itslivingenvironmentisbecomingworse.

D.ItsbreedingrangeislimitedtotheAtlanticCoast.

2、WhydidThielerdevelopiPlover?

A.TostudyshorelinesacrossAmerica.

B.Toadvanceinformationtechnology.

C.Tostudyglobalclimatechange.

D.Tomonitorchangesofpipingploverhabitats.

3、Whichofthefollowingbenefitstheshorebird?

A.Thecampingequipment.B.Researchonsmartphones.

C.Thechangeablecoast.D.Progressintechnology.

4、Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?

A.ProtectingEndangeredShorebirdsB.RobThieler,aCreativeScientist

C.iPlover,aToolforTrainingFieldStaffD.DifferencesBetweeniPloverandiCoast

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题L5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、

C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.

26.（30分）TheBestHoliday

Iwasunbelievablyproudofmynine-year-olddaughter,Emily.1tobuyamountainbike,she'dbeensavingher

pocketmoneyallyear,aswellasdoingsmalljobstoearnextramoney.

ByThanksgiving,shehadcollectedonly$49.1said,"You2haveyourpickfrommybicycle3choose.

AsChristmas4near,EmilyandIwentbikeshopping.Asweleftonestore,she5

ThroughoutDecember,Emilycontinuedtoworkhard.Thenoneday,shemadea6announcement."Youknowall

themoneyFvebeensaving?”shesaidhesitantly."I'mgoingtogiveittothepoorpeople."Soonecoldmorningbefore

Christmas,Emilyhandedhertotalsavingsof$58toavolunteerwhowasreallyvery7

8byEmily'sselflessness,Idecidedtocontribute9ofmyoldbicyclestoacardealerwhowascollectingused

bikesforpoorchildren10Iselectedashinymodelfrommycollection,however,itseemedasifasecondbiketook

onaglow.ShouldIcontributetwo?No,onewouldbeenough.ButIcouldn't11thefeelingthatIshouldgivea

secondbike.WhenIlater12thebikes,thecardealersaid,"You'remakingtwokidsvery13,sir.Hereare

yourtickets.Foreachbicyclecontributed,we9re14awayonechancetowinagirl'smountainbike.”

Whywasn'tIsurprisedwhenthatsecondticketprovedtobethe15?1liketothinkitwasGod'swayof16

heryear-whilegivingherdadalessoninthe17

1、A.PromisedB.AmazedC.DeterminedD.Organized

2、A.needB.shouldC.mustD.can

3、A.collectionB.contributionC.shopD.club

4、A.seldomB.likelyC.slightlyD.merely

5、A.drewB.becameC.wentD.pulled

6、A.observedB.sensedC.watchedD.noticed

7、A.workB.chargeC.timeD.change

8、A.disappointingB.surprisingC.formalD.public

9^A.agreeableB.hopefulC.thankfulD.pitiful

10、A.MovedB.ShockedC.PersuadedD.Demanded

11、A.oneB.someC.twoD.any

12、A.WhileB.AsC.BecauseD.Though

13、A.expressB.describeC.explainD.shake

14^A.returnedB.deliveredC.choseD.shared

15、A.sweetB.healthyC.happyD.fair

16、A.puttingB.givingC.storingD.signing

17^A.presentB.harvestC.winnerD.chance

18、A.greetingB.praisingC.shelteringD.rewarding

19>A.underB.beforeC.beyondD.within

20、A.processB.projectC.struggleD.communication

第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27.（15分）Parkour（跑酷）isasportwhichtrainspeopletodealwithanyphysicalobstaclesintheirpath.Itisnota

competitionbutaphysicaltraining.Apersonjoininginparkouriscalledtraceur.Traceursrunalongapathanduse

onlytheirbodiestodealwithobstaclesinthemostefficientway.Parkourpaysmoreattentiontoefficiency,1.（make）it

differentfromthesimilarpracticeoffreerunning.Parkour2.（common）includesrunning,jumping,climbing,rolling

andothersimilartypesofphysicalmovements.Manyteenagersthinkthatparkourisquite3.coolsport.Theyhavegreat

interestinit.

The4.（invent）ofparkourcan't5.（give）toonepersonbecausemanypeoplehaveworkedonit.Afrenchofficer

developedtheearlierformofparkour.Theterm“parkour”wasfirstintroducedbyDavidBelleandSebastiarFoucanin

theearly1980s.6.thattime,theyweretwoteenagers.Thissport7,（become）morepopularinthe1990swhenmanyfilms

weremadeonit.

8.makesparkourdifferentfromothersportsisitspowertobringpeopletogether.Itallowstraceurstoforget

the9.（society）andotherproblems,andmakesalargegroupworkandgrowtogetherinsteadofcompetingwitheach

other.Peoplecanbenefitfromparkourasitcanmakethemstronger.Still,italsoinfluencesone'sthoughtprocessby

improvingself-confidenceandcritical-thinkingskills.Inthisway,parkourallowsonetodealwith10.（difficulty）in

dailylifeifheorshedealswiththemthroughparkour.

第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）

28.（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文•文中共有10处语言错误,

每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线（_）,并在该词下面写出修改的词。

注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；

2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Onemorning,thoughtheclockrangaloud,Marydidn'tupuntileight、Shehurriedgotdressed,snatchedoverherschoolb咯rushed

towardsherschookSheranasfastashecould,sothatshemightmissthefirstlesson>Buttoherdisappointing>shefoundtheschool

wasquiet、Aftersheenteredintotheschoolyard,itseemedthattherewasnobodyintheschoolbesidestheguardsMarywas

wonderingwhathadhappenedwhileshesawthewordonthebulletinboard^ItwasSunday、

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

29.（25分）假如你是高中生李华，得知你校交换生英国朋友Brown对中国传统文化艺术很感兴趣，写信邀请他

一起去看京剧。主要内容：

1.简介：京剧（BeijingOpera）历史悠久，服装（costume）色彩艳丽，讲述历史故事等。

2.告知地点、约定时间、购票安排等。

注意:1.词数100左右；开头、结尾已给出。

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

DearBrown,

I'mLiHua.

_____________________________________Lookforwardtoyourearlyreply.

Yours,

LiHua

参考答案

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

1、A

2、C

3、B

4、D

5、D

6、D

7、D

8、B

9、C

10、B

11、D

12、B

13、A

14、D

15、C

16、

17、

18、B

19、D

20、D

第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21、Spaceiswhereourfutureis—tripstotheMoon,Marsandbeyond.Mostpeoplewouldthinkthatasidefrom

comets（彗星）andstars,thereislittleelseoutthere.But,sinceourspacejourneystartedwehaveleftsomuchtrash（垃

圾）therethatscientistsarenowconcernedthatifwedon*tcleanitup,wemayallbeinmortal（致命的）danger.

Thefirstpieceofspacejunkwascreatedin1964,whentheAmericansatelliteVanguardIstoppedoperatingandlostits

connectionwiththegroundcenter.However,sinceitkeptorbitingaroundtheEarthwithoutanyconsequences,

scientistsbecameincreasinglycomfortableabandoning（抛弃）thingsthatnolongerservedanyusefulpurposeinspace.

Itisestimated（估计）thattherearenowover500,000piecesofman-madetrashorbitingtheEarthatspeedsofupto

17,500milesperhour.Thejunkvariesfromtinypiecesofpaintchippedoffrocketstocameras,hugefueltanks,and

evenodditemslikethemillion-dollartoolkitthatastronautHeidemarieStefanyshynPiperlostduringaspacewalk.

Themajorproblemwiththespacetrashisthatitmayhitworkingsatellitesanddamagetravelingspacecraft（飞船）.

Moreover,piecesofjunkmaycollide（碰撞）witheachotherandbreakintopieceswhichfallbacktotheEarth.To

avoidthis,scientistshaveinventedseveralwaysforclearingthesky.Groundstationshavebeenbuilttomonitorlarger

pi