热点16疫苗接种及其巨大作用(原卷)备战中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读题型专练(全国通用)

备战2022年中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练热点16疫苗接种及其巨大作用一、阅读理解1It’sbeenoverayearsinceCOVID-19firstappearedandtheviruscontinuestobeaprobleminmanypartsoftheworld,scientistshaverealizedthedevelopmentofvaccines(疫苗)isasolutiontothepandemic.Aglobalefforttovaccinateasmanypeopleaspossiblewouldbeneeded,sincevaccinestypicallytakeyearstodevelop.OnDec2,2021,thefirstCOVIDvaccine,thePfizervaccine,wasapproved(批准)byUKhealthdepartment.However,thesevaccinesmustbestoredatverylowtemperatures,whichisnotpossibleeverywhere.Inresponse,ChinesecompanieslikeSinopharmandSinovachavedevelopedvaccinesthatcanbekeptatnormaltemperatures.Now,vaccinesarebeingrolledoutallovertheworld,withmillionsofpeoplebeingvaccinatedeveryday.InChina,285millionvaccinedoses(剂量)hadbeengivensofar.Meanwhile,theUShasgivenout247milliondoses.TheUKnowstandsat50milliondoses.Althoughtherehavebeenrumorsaboutvaccinesbeingunsafe,mostofpeopleseemtorealizetheimportanceofvaccinationforbuildingmassimmunity(群体免疫)inordertostopthevirusfromspreading.Theworldhascometounderstandthatthevaccineswillprotectus.Therefore,sharingvaccineshasbecomeakeyfactorofstayingsafeandhealthyworldwide.Unfortunately,noteveryonecangetthevaccineyet.Childrenbelowtheageof16can’tbevaccinatedbecausetheyhavenotyetbeentestedonthem.Thosewhohaveahistoryofvaccineallergies(过敏)shouldn’tgetit,either.1.Thevaccinedevelopedby________cannotbestoredatnormaltemperatures.A.UKhealthdepartment B.SinopharmC.Sinovac D.Pfizer2.Accordingtothepassage,________millionvaccinedoseshadbeengivensofarinChina.A.50 B.247 C.285 D.5823.Inparagraph4,theunderlinedword‘‘rumors〞probablymeans________.A.谎话 B.谣言 C.建议 D.骗局4.Thepurposeforvaccinatingasmanypeopleaspossibleisto________.A.buildmassimmunity B.sharethevaccinesC.developvaccinesquickly D.geteveryonevaccinated5.Inparagraph5,theword“they〞,intheunderlinedsentencerefersto________.A.children B.companies C.vaccines D.experts2Haveyougottenvaccinated?ThisquestionhasbecomeacommonwaytogreetothersinChinasincethecountryproducedanumberofCOVID-19vaccines(疫苗)inDecemberlastyear.Chinaplanstovaccinate40percentofitspopulationbyJune,2021.Atthesametime,Chinaisalsoprovidingvaccinesforothercountries.Itisexporting(出口)COVID-19vaccinesto28countriesandgivinghelpto69countriesinneed,Xinhuareported.Mostofthesecountriesaredevelopingnations,suchasPakistan,MongoliaandMexico.Theleadersofthesecountriesaretakingtheleadinreceivingvaccineshots.TheyincludeIndonesianPresidentJokoWidodoandChileanPresidentSebastianPinera.AccordingtotheWorldBank,tovaccinate(接种)theircitizens,smallandmedium-sizeddevelopingnationscouldhaveendedupayearbehindlargerdevelopingnationsanddevelopedcountries.Somewealthiernationshavealreadystoredmanyvaccinedoses(剂)fortheirowncitizens.Someofthemhaveorderedenoughvaccinestovaccinatetheirpopulationstwoorthreetimes,TheWashingtonPostreported.Forcountriesthathavenotyetdevelopedorgottenavaccine,Chinamaybetheonlyanswer,APnoted.Chinaisoneofthefewnationsthatcanproducevaccinesonalargescale(大批量).ChinajoinedCOVAXinOctober2021,amechanism(机制)organizedbytheWorldHealthOrganization,tomakesurethatallmembersgetthevaccinesinthefuture.Chinahasdecidedtooffer10millionvaccinestoCOVAX,Xinhuareported.6.FromParagraph2,weknowthat________.A.somepeoplehavequestionedthesafetyofChinesevaccinesB.ChinahasonlysentvaccinestonearbyAsiancountriesC.ChinesevaccineshavebeenwelcomedinmanycountriesD.Chinaoffersvaccinestoallothercountriesforfree7.AsforCOVID-19vaccines,smallandmedium-sizeddevelopingnations________.A.havereceivedhelpfromwesterncountriesB.havefallenbehindinvaccinatingtheircitizensC.havestoredenoughvaccinesfortheircitizensD.havestartedtodeveloptheirownvaccines8.Whatisthecorrectorderforthefollowingeventsaccordingtothepassage?a.ChinaproducedCOVID-19vaccines.b.40percentofChinesereceivevaccineshots.c.Manyleadersinlessdevelopedcountriesreceivedvaccineshots.d.ChinajoinedCOVAX.A.a-d-c-b B.d-a-c-b C.d-a-b-c D.a-d-b-c9.Whatcanbeinferred(推断)fromthepassage?A.TheCOVID-19willoonend.B.ChineseCOVID-19vaccinesarecheaperandsaferthanothers.C.ChinaistheonlycountrytodevelopCOVID-19vaccines.D.ChinamightofferCOVID-19vaccinesallovertheworld.10.Whereisthetextmostprobablyfrom?A.Anewswebsite. B.Alearningwebsite. C.Atravelwebsite. D.Ageographywebsite.3Scientistsaroundtheworldareracingtocreateandtestvaccines〔疫苗〕tohelpprotectpeopleagainstthenovelcoronavirus〔新冠病毒〕.Theyaremakingprogress,butitwillbequiteawhilebeforeanyvaccinesareready.Therearemanydifferentwaystomakevaccines.Atleast115differentvaccinesforthenovelcoronavirusarebeingdevelopedaroundtheworldrightnow.Manyofthemmaynotworkormayhavesideeffectsthatcanbedangerous.Thatiswhytestingisveryimportant.Beforeavaccineisevertestedonhumans,it'sfirsttestedonanimalstomakesureitseemssafe.Testingthevaccineonhumansisdoneinseveraldifferentphases〔阶段〕.InPhase1,asmallgroupofpeoplearegivensmallamountsofthevaccinetoseeifithasanybadeffects.Phase2stillteststhevaccine’ssafety,butit'smainlyatesttoseeifthevaccineseemstowork,IfPhase2goeswell,thevaccinecanbeginPhase3.DuringPhase3,thevaccineistriedonamuchlargergroupofpeopletoseehowwellitworks.Becauseoftheseriousandworldwideimpact〔影响〕ofthenovelcoronavirus,thereishugepressuretodevelopaworkingvaccinequickly.Itnormallytakessevenormoreyearstodevelopasafevaccinethatworkswell.Nowdrugcompaniesarehopingtocreateworkingvaccinesin12or18months.Buthealthexpertsalsowarnthatrushingtoomuchcouldbedangerous.Avaccinewithharmfuleffectscouldcausemoreproblemsthanitsolves.11.Accordingtothepassage,thescientistswhoaremakingvaccinesare____________.A.hard-workingandcareful B.patientandeasy-goingC.kindandcurious D.caringandbrave12.Howlongdoesittaketocreateworkingvaccinesintheusualway?A.Lessthansixyears. B.Morethantenyears.C.Twelvetoeighteenmonths. D.Aboutsevenyears.13.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Thereareonlythreephasesintestingvaccines.B.Workingvaccinesmustbecreatedinashorttime.C.Vaccineshavealreadybeendeveloped.D.Rushingtooquicklyincreatingvaccinesmaybringmoreproblems.14.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.RushforaVaccine B.FightagainsttheDiseaseC.ProtectPeopleagainsttheVirus D.CreateWorkingVaccines4Duringthenovelcoronavirusoutbreak,hospitalsalloverChinahaveusedsmarttechnologytocareforpatientsandmakeworkeasierfordoctors.TheoutbreakwillhelpsmarthealthcaredevelopfasterinChina,accordingtoXinhua.RobotslendahandRobotsarebeingusedtofightthevirus.Forexample,medicalworkersattheThirdPeople'sHospitalofShenzhenareusingrobotstodoroutine(常规的)medicaltasks.DevelopedbyChineseAIcompanyUBTech,theserobotscanoffermedicaladvice,deliver〔递送〕medicineanddisinfect〔消毒〕thepatients’roomandotherareas.Theycanalsochecktemperatures.LiuYue,headofthehospital'sfeveroutpatientservices(发热门诊),saidtherobotshavemadeworkmucheasier."Itgreatlyreducesourburden(负担),anditcanalsopreventusfrommissinginfectedpatients,"Liusaid.Remote(远程的)healthcareservicesItcanbedangerousformedicalworkersandpatientstocomeintocontactwitheachother.Butwithremotemedicalservices,doctorsatdifferenthospitalscansharephotosandvideostocomeupwiththebesttreatment.China'sthreebiggesttelecomcompanies(电信公司)areprovidinghospitalsacrossthecountrywith5Gsupport.Thisallowsthemtotransfer(传送)largeamountsofdata(数据)quickly.Forexample,onFeb27,doctorsinthecitiesofBeijing,ShanghaiandGuangzhouused5Gtechnologytotreataseriouslyill67﹣year﹣oldpatientinWuhan.Bydiagnosing(诊断)patientsremotely,doctorscanprotectboththemselvesandtheirpatients.AImakesworkmoreefficientAskBobisanAI﹣poweredconsultation(咨询)platform.DevelopedbyPingAnSmartHealthcare,itcanprovideuserswithinformationaboutthevirus,helppeopledomedicalself﹣checks,checktheirmentalhealthandchoosetherightfacemasks.PingAnSmartHealthcarehasalsodevelopedAIsoftwarethatcanreadCTimagesandprovidecorrectanalysestodoctors.Thiscanspeedupthediagnosticprocessandallowdoctorstogivefastertreatment.15.Whatdidrobotsdoduringtheepidemic？a.Theydeliveredmedicines.b.Theydisinfectedthepatients’room.c.Theytransferredpatients.d.Theycheckedtemperatures.A.abc B.abd C.acd D.bcd16.Whathappenedtotheseriouslyill67﹣year﹣oldpatientinWuhan？A.Hewastreatedremotely. B.Hewastreatedbyrobots.C.HewastransferredtoBeijing. D.Hewasnotdiagnosedwiththevirus.17.TheAIsoftwaredevelopedbyPingAnSmartHealthcarecanhelp_______.A.savetreatmentcosts B.collectandtransferdataC.developavaccine(疫苗) D.reducedoctors'burdens18.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisWRONG？A.AskBobisanAI﹣poweredconsultationplatform,whichisdevelopedbyPingAnSmartHealthcare.B.Bydiagnosingpatientsremotely,doctorscanprotectneitherthemselvesnortheirpatients.C.Withremotemedicalservices,doctorsatdifferenthospitalscansharephotosandvideostocomeupwiththebesttreatment.D.MedicalworkersattheThirdPeople'sHospitalofShenzhenareusingrobotstodoroutinemedicaltasks.19.Thestoryismainlyabout________.A.whyChinawasslowtocontroltheepidemicB.howsmarttechnologyisdevelopinginChinaC.howsmarttechnologyhelpsdoctorsduringtheoutbreakD.whichsmarttechnologiesarebeingdevelopedinChina5Chinaissharingitsexperienceandlessonsinthebattle(战斗)oftheCOVID-19(新冠病毒)andtryingitsbesttoprovidehelptoothercountriesaffectedbythedisease.AsthespreadofthevirusinChinahasbeenbasicallypreventedbutglobalinfections(全球感染〕aregreatlyincreasing.Chinahassentexpertteamstoseveralcountries,includingItaly,Serbia,Pakistan,Iran,England,France,GermanyandBurma,tooffermedicalhelp.Atthesametime,Chinahasprovidedsomemedicalsuppliesandprotectiveequipment,suchastestboxes,Chinesemedicine,breathingmachinesandmasks(口罩)tosomeforeigncountriesandregions(地区).Chinahasgivenaway20milliondollarstotheWHOtohelptheorganizationtotrytostopthespreadofvirusandhelpimprovethepublichealthofotherdevelopingcountries.Chinesehealthdepartmentsandexpertsalsohavekeptincommunicationwithmorethan100countriesandregions.

Duringearlierstagesofthedomestic(国内)outbreak,Chinareceivedmuchsupportfromtheinternationalsociety.Nowwehavepassedthemostdifficulttimeofthebattle.ThesemedicalmeasureshaveshownthatChinaisacohesive(凝聚力的)andresponsiblecountrythatiswillingtobringadvantagestotheworld.Inthenextstep,Chinawilldeepeninternationalcooperation(合作〕ondevelopingdrugsandvaccines(疫苗)againstthevirusandguideforeignmedicalaidnetworksinover50foreigncountriestodealwiththedisasterofthevirus.ChinaalsowillholdthemeetingofG20healthministers.20.Thispassageis__________.A.astoryaboutvirus. B.aspeechabouthealthcare.C.anewsreport. D.aninternationalletter.21.WhichisthefollowingWRONGaccordingtopassage?A.ChinaistryingitsbesttohelpothercountriestopreventtheCOVID-19.B.Chinadidn'tgetanyhelpfromtheinternationalsociety.C.ThenumberoftheglobalinfectionsisincreasingD.Chinahelpstoimprovethepublichealthofdevelopingcountries.22.FromthepassageweknowChinawilldothingsbelowinthefutureexcept____.A.strengtheninternationalcooperationtodevelopdrugsandvaccines.B.guideforeignmedicalaidnetworkstodealwiththevirus.C.keepawayfromothercountriesaffectedbythedisease.DholdthemeetingofG20healthministers.23.Chinahasgivenaway20milliondollarsto_______.A.USA B.UN C.UK D.WHO24.Accordingtothisarticle,whichisthefollowingRIGHT?A.Chinaisagreatcountrywhichisresponsiblefortheworld.B.ChinaonlyhelpsAsiacountriesagainstthe

COVID-19.C.ThespreadofthevirusinChinahasn'tbeenbasicallycontrolled.D.Chineseexpertsdon’tcommunicatewithothercountriesaboutthedisease.二、完型填空1Itisacoldanddrywintermorning.Whenyou

25,yousuddenlyfeelthatyourthroathurts.Youbegintosneezeandlateryoumaycough.Youmusthaveacold!Waitasecond.Coulditjustbea

commoncoldorthefluthat’sbeengoingaround?Acoldgivesyouarunnynoseandcough.Butit’susuallyeasyto

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with.Sometakemedicinesuchasaspirin(阿司匹林)

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otherstryhometreatmentslikeherbal〔草药〕teaorchickensoup.Usuallyyoufeelbetterafteraweek.Thefluontheotherhandcanbemuchmore

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.Itusuallygivesyoufever.Sometimesitcanbedeadly.Theworst

29,theso-calledSpanishFluof1918to1919,killedabout50millionpeople.Don’tworry.Gettingafluvaccine(流感疫苗)can

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youfromthevirus(病毒).Fluvaccinesworkbygivingthebodyasmallamountoffluviruses.Thiscausesourbodytodevelopantibodies(抗体).

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nexttimeyougettheflu,theantibodiescanhelpprotectyou.Unfortunately,thefluvirus

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everyfewyears.Therefore,therearesomanytypesofflu,suchasH1N1andH5N1.Theantibodiesforonetypeofflucan’tprotectusagainstalltypesofflu.That’s

whyweneedtogetthevaccineeveryyear.However,goodhealth

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mayalsohelptopreventacoldorflu.Washingyourhandsoftenhelpsprotectyoufromviruses.Gettingregularexerciseandeatinghealthyfoodisalso

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.Allthesecanhelpyoustrengthen

yourimmunesystem(免疫系统).25.A.standup B.turnup C.giveup D.wakeup26.A.agree B.deal C.meet D.start27.A.because B.after C.until D.while28.A.interesting B.familiar C.dangerous D.smooth29.A.cold B.flu C.cough D.fever30.A.protect B.leave C.recover D.draw31.A.So B.Unless C.Since D.As32.A.stops B.changes C.spreads D.kills33.A.clubs B.customs C.habits D.hobbies34.A.enjoyable B.important C.well-prepared D.natural三、阅读答复以下问题仔细阅读下文，用完整的句子答复以下问题。答复请勿超出限定字数。Vaccinationisamongthemosteffectivewaystohelpuspreventdiseases.Forvirusesthatdon’tchangetoomuch-themeasles(麻疹)virus,forexample-gettingvaccinatedisaonce-and-for-allmethodtopreventyoufrombecominginfectedwiththevirus.Ifyouhadtwomeaslesvaccineswhenyouwereachild,youwillbeprotectedforlife.However,it’sadifferentstorywhenitcomestoinfluenza(流感),commonlyknownas“theflu〞whichgenerallypeaksbetweenDecemberandFebruary.Fluvaccinescannotprotectusinthelongterm.Thereisnolong-termimmunity(免疫),accordingtoTheodoreStrange,associatemedicaldirectoratStatenIslandUniversityHospitalinNewYork.Thevirus“essentially‘changesitscoat’-H1N1,H2N3,andsoon〞,hetoldthewebsiteHealthline.Apartfromaperson’simmuneprotectionfromfluvaccinationdeclining(降低)overtime,fluvirusesarealsofrequentlychanging.Sothevaccinesarelikelytobeupdatedfromoneseasontothenexttoprotectagainstthevirusesthatresearchsuggestsmaybethemostcommonduring