学术写作课后

本文格式为Word版，下载可任意编辑——学术写作课后Lecture1

1.3

1（1）Wecanimproveitsperformancewhenweusesuper-heatedsteam.

Animprovementofitsperformancecanbeaffectedbytheuseofsuper-heatedsteam（2）Ifweaddorremoveheat,thestateofmattermaychange.Theadditionorremovalofheatmaychangethestateofmatter.

2(1)Youclearlycanseethedifferencebetweenthetreatedanduntreatedspecimens.Thedifferencebetweenthetreatedanduntreatedspecimenscanbeclearlyseen

(2)Effectivevaccinespresentsuchhazards,butonlyifasocialorganizationcouldmakesurethatallpotentialmothersarevaccinatedingoodtime.

Effectivevaccinespresentsuchhazards,butonlyifasocialorganizationcouldensurethatallpotentialmothersarevaccinatedingoodtime.

3.Studythisparagraphandunderlineanyexamplesofpoorstyle.

Howtomakepeopleworkharderisatopicthatlotsofpeoplehavewrittenaboutinthelastfewyears.TherearelotsofdifferenttheoriesetcandIthinksomeofthemareok.WhenwethinkaboutthisweshouldremembertheoldChineseproverb,thatyoucanleadahorsetowaterbutyoucan’tmakeitdrink.Sohowdoweincreaseproduction?It’squiteacomplexsubjectbutI’lljusttalkaboutacoupleofideas.

Motivationhasbeenthesubjectofnumerousstudiesduringrecentdecades,butthisessaywillfocusonMaslow’shierarchyofneedstheory(1943)andHerzberg’stwo-factortheory(1966).Theircontemporaryrelevancetotheneedtomotivateemployeeseffectivelywillbeexaminedcritically,giventhatthiscanbeconsideredcrucialtoafirm’ssurvivalinthecurrenteconomicclimate.

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Lecture2

2.5ReflectionsandPractice（Exercise）

1.Pleasecommentonthefollowingtitlesorkeywordsandrevisethemifnecessary.（改错题）(1)AResearchontheArtificialNeuralNetwork(ANN)AppliedintheAnalysisofStructuralMechanics

Key:ApplicationoftheArtificialNeuralNetwork(ANN)intheAnalysisofStructuralMechanics

(2)DevelopingComputerInternetandSpreadofCultureandInformation

Key:DevelopingComputerInternetandSpreadingofCultureandInformation(3)StudiesonMonoclonalAntibodiesinNuclearMedicineKey:MonoclonalAntibodiesinNuclearMedicine

(4)AnInvestigationofMechanismsofRetinalDamagefromChronicLaserRadiationKey:MechanismsofRetinalDamage：ChronicLaserRadiation(5)TowardCommercializationoftheNaturalGasVehiclesKey:CommercializationoftheNaturalGasVehicles

(6)CantheRateofWashLoadBePredictedfromtheBedLoadFunction?Key:PredictionofWashLoadRatefromtheBedLoadFunction?(7)PhaseEquilibriabetweenFluorotheneandOrange(agoodtitle)(8)OnLearningForeignLanguagesandCulturalBackgroundTeachingKey:ForeignLanguagesLearningandCulturalBackgroundTeaching(9)Keywords:English,Vocabulary,Tendency(10)Keywords:CollocationContextConnotation

Key:Keywords:CollocationContextConnotation（单词间隔要大点)(Usinglargerspacebetweenwords)

2.Thefollowingtitle,affiliation,andareabridgedfromajournalarticle.Pleaselistthe

keywordsforthepaperbasedonthetitleandabstract.(关键词)EEGandECGassessmentofmentalfatigueinadrivingsimilarDingXiaoguang1DuZhenzi21.***University,Xi’an710049,China2.***University,Xi’an710049,ChinaAbstract:Drivingmentalfatigue,whichisacontributingfactortosomeserioustransportationcrashes,ismeasuredbyElectroencephalogram(EEG)(脑电图)andElectrocardiograph(ECG)（心电图）inthisstudy.Altogether,theECGandmulti-channelEEGofthirteenhealthysubjectswererecordedwhiletheywereperformingacontinuoussimulateddrivingtaskfor90minutes.ThestudyinvestigatedseveralimportantphysiologicalparametersofthepreprocessedECGandEEGsignals.Theresultsshowsthatthepossibleindices(指标)formeasuringsimulateddrivingmentalfatiguearesignificantlydifferentbeforeandafterperformingthedrivingtask(P＜0.05),involvingtheEEGalphaandbeta,therelativepower,theamplitude（幅度）ofp300,theapproximatedentropyofECG,thelowandhighbandspowerofheartratevariability(HRV).Keywords:EEG;ECG;P300;HRV;drivingmentalfatigue

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3.Combineeachofthegroupsofsentencesbelowintoasoundsentencecontainingone

absolute.（合成句子，两句合一句）(1)Airresistanceisneglected.

Theaccelerationofgravitycontinuallyincreasesasthebodyapproachestheearth.

(答案：Theaccelerationofgravitycontinuallyincreasesasthebodyapproachestheearth,airresistancebeingneglected.)

(2)Almostallmetalsaregoodconductors.Silveristhebest.

(答案：Almostallmetalsaregoodconductors,silverbeingthebest.)

(3)InGroup1,wehavehydrogenandthealkali(碱)metals.Allofthemhavelowdensity.

(答案：InGroup1,wehavehydrogenandthealkalimetals,alloflowdensity.)

(4)Therearemanyreasonsforthis.

Oneofthereasonsisthatsimulationallowstheassessmentofthepotentialperformancebeforeanewlydesignedsystemisoperable.

(答案：Therearemanyreasonsforthis,amongthemthefactthatsimulationallowstheassessmentofthepotentialperformancebeforeanewlydesignedsystemisoperable.)

(5)Laser’screationisthoughttobeoneoftoday’swonders.

Laser’snothingmorethanalightthatdiffersfromordinarylights.

(答案：Laser,itscreationbeingthoughttobeoneoftoday’swonders,isnothingmorethanalightthatdiffersfromordinarylights.)

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Lecture3

3.6Reflectionsandpractice

1.HereisanabstractofapaperinthejournalofEnergySources.Readitthroughlookingforthemainfunctionofeachsentence.（段落大意，也可以做为摘要排序题）

ExperimentalStudyofthePerformanceofSolarDryerswithPebbleBeds

1.Majorproblemsofthearid(干旱)regionaretransportationofagriculturalproductsandlosesduetospoilageoftheproducts,especiallyinsummer.2.Thisworkpresentstheperformanceofasolardryingsystemconsistingofanairheaterandadryerchamberconnectedtoagreenhouse.3.Thedryingsystemisdesignedtodryavarietyofagriculturalproducts.4.Theeffectofairmassflowrateonthedryingprocessisstudied.5.Compositepebbles（卵石）,whichareconstructedfromcementandsand,areusedtostoreenergyfornightoperation.6.Thepebblesareplacedatthebottomofthedryingchamberandarechargedduringthedryingprocessitself.7.Aseparatetestisdoneusingasimulator（模拟器）,apackedbedstorageunit,tofindthethermalcharacteristicsofthepebblesduringcharginganddischargingmodeswithtime.8.Accordingly,thepackedbedisanalysedusingaheattransfermodelwithfinitedifferencetechniquedescribedbeforeandduringthecharginganddischargingprocess.9.Graphsarepresentedthatdepictthethermalcharacteristicsandperformanceofthepebblebedsandthedryingpatternsofdifferentagriculturalproducts.10.Theresultsshowthattheamountofenergystoredinthepebblesdependsontheairmassflowrate,theinletairtemperature,andthepropertiesofthestoragematerials.11.Thecompositepebblescanbeusedefficientlyasstoringmedia.(Sentence1:backgroundinformation;Sentence2-4:purposeSentence5-8:methodologySentence9-10:resultsSentence11:conclusion)

2.Eachofthefollowingsentencesistakenfromanabstractofapaperentitled“CommonlyEncounteredErrorsonAbstractSubmissions〞.Indicatetheprobableorderusedbytheauthorinwritingtheabstractinthespacebelow.（摘要排序题）(1)__c__(2)___d___(3)__b__(4)__e___(5)__a__a.Itisessentialforprospectivepresentstofollowpublishedrecommendationstoensurethattheirabstractsconformtoconferenceguidelines.

b.Thissingle-blindedstudyutilizedaconveniencesampleof20reviewerswhowereselectedtocompleteasurveyaboutcommonlyencounterederrorsonabstractreviewformswhileevaluatingabstractssubmittedtoanationaldentalhygieneresearchconference.Thereviewersevaluated80submittedabstractspriortocompletingthesurvey.Theinstrumentusedinthestudycontained30itemswithclosed-endedresponseswhichwaspreviouslypilot-testedwith5otherreviewerstoestablishcontentvalidity.Surveyinformationwasobtainedthroughtheuseofan