2021年上海高三高考模拟英语试卷（新题型三）

2021年上海高三高考模拟英语试卷(新题型三)-学生用卷

一、GrammarandVocabulary(本大题共10小题)

1、【来源】2021年上海高三高考模拟(新题型三)第21~3。题

Talkingwith—NotJustto—KidsPowersHow

TheyLearnLanguage

Childrenfromthepoorerfamiliesbeginlifenotonlywithmaterialdisadvantagesbutcognitiveones.

Decadesofresearch1(confirm)this,includingafamous1995findingby

psychologistsBettyHartandToddRisley:Byagefourchildrenraisedinpovertyhaveheard30million

fewerwords,onaverage,thantheirpeersfromwealthierfamilies.Thatgaphasbeenlinkedtoshakier

languageskillsatthestartofschool,2,inturn,predictsweakeracademic

performance.

Butjustthequantityofwordsatoddlerhearsisnotthemostsignificantinfluenceonlanguage

acquisition.Growingevidencehasledresearcherstoconcludequalitymattersmorethanquantity,

and3(valuable)qualityseemstobeback-and-forthcommunication-what

researcherscallconversationalturns.

Apaper4(publish)lastweekinPsychologicalSciencebringsanewkind

ofsupporttothisidea,offeringthefirstevidencethattheseexchangesplayavitalroleinthedevelopment

ofBroca'sarea,thebrainregionmostcloselyassociatedwithproducingspeech.Further,theamountof

conversationalturnsachildexperiencesdailyoutweighssocioeconomicstatusin

predicting5activityinBroca'sareaandthechild'slanguageskills.

Theresearchersconfirmedtheclassic1995findingthat,overall,kidsfromwealthierfamilieshear

morewords.Andsmall6theirsamplewas,theyevenconfirmedthe30-

million-wordgapbetweenthepoorestandrichestchildren.Buttheyfoundthat"byfarthebiggestdriver

forbraindevelopmentwasnotthenumberofwordsspoken7the

conversations,"Gabrielisays.

Theresearcherscalculatedthatachild'sverbalabilityscore

increased8onepointforeveryadditional11conversationalexchangesper

hour.

Thestudyisa"very,veryimportant'*addition9agrowingbodyofwork,

saysdevelopmentalpsychologistKathrynHirsh-Pasek,directoroftheInfantLanguageLaboratoryat

TempleUniversity."Wehaveknownforquiteawhilethatconversationalturns——

or10inmyworkwecallconversationalduets-areveryimportantfor

buildingafoundationforlanguageandmaybeforlearninggenerally.Whathadn'tbeendoneistolinkit

whereweknewithadtobelinked-tochangesinthebrain.'*

二、Choosewordsandfillintheblanks（本大题共10小题）

2、【来源】2021年上海高三高考模拟（新题型三）第31~4。题

A.resemblesB.immediatelyC.peculiarD.cushionE.disciplines

F.pressG.referH.shiftsI.interactingJ.dramaticallyK.classic

Trafficscienceisoneofthose1seemspermanentlypoisedonthevergeofa

breakthrough.Professionaljournalsregularlypublishpromisingresearch,and

the2trumpetstheirimportance.However,itturnsoutthattrafficisa

deceptivelycomplicatedproblem.It3molecularphysics,infact,becauseit'sa

systemofindividualparticles4incomplexways.Except,withtraffic,the

particleshavemindsoftheirown.

Therearetwokindsoftrafficflow.Inuncongestedstableflows,carscanmoveatornearthespeed

limit,andthe"unstableregime,Mwhatlaypeople（夕卜行）callastop-and-gotraffic.Whatscientistshave

figuredoutoverthepastdecadeorsoiswhenandwhytraffic5betweenthe

two

"Weseeinourmodelsthattrafficbecomesunstablewhenthenumberofcars（passingaspecificspot）

perlaneperhourreachesbetween2,000and2,500.Atthatnominalcapacitylevel,trafficisverylikelyto

becomeunstable,nsaysHaniMahmassani,atrafficscientistatNorthwesternUniversityinChicago.

Considera6case.Aslow-movingcarshiftsintotheleftlanetopassan

evenslower-movingcar.Thecar7behindthelane-changerhasto

decelerate8notjusttothespeedofthecarinfrontofhim,butslowenoughto

createasafedrivingdistancebetweenthem.Thenextcarbackhastoslowdownevenmore,againtogive

itselfa9.Thisslowdownripplesbackthroughthelaneandeventually

spreadsintotheotherlanesasnearbydriversnoticetheseaofbrakelightsandreflexivelyslowdown.

Trafficresearchers10tothisasashockwave,anditcantravelbackformiles.

三、clozetest（本大题共15小题）

3、【来源】2021年上海高三高考模拟（新题型三）第41~55题

2016年上海杨浦区高三二模第51-65题15分

Therearemanythingsparentscandotohelpchildrenwithautism（自闭症）overcometheir

challenges.Learningallyoucanaboutautismandgetting1intreatmentwill

goalongwaytowardhelpingyourchild.Additionally,thefollowingtipswillmakedailyhomelifeeasier

forbothyouandyourautisticchild:

Beconsistent（一致的）.Childrenwithautismhaveahard

time2whatthey'velearnedifthereisachangeofsetting.Forexample,your

childmayusesignlanguageatschooltocommunicate,butneverthinktodosoathome.

Creating3inyourchild'senvironmentisthebestwaytoreinforcelearning.

Findoutwhatyourchild*stherapistsaredoingandcontinuetheirtechniquesathome.Explore

the4ofhavingtherapytakeplaceinmorethanoneplaceinorderto

encourageyourchildto5whatheorshehaslearnedfromoneenvironmentto

another.It'salsoimportanttobeconsistentinthewayyou6withyourchild

anddealwithchallengingbehaviors.

TAL#NBSP7aschedule.Childrenwithautismtendtodobestwhen

theyhaveahighly-structuredscheduleorroutine.Again,thisgoesbacktotheconsistencytheybothneed

andcrave.Setupascheduleforyourchild,with8timesformeals,therapy,

school,andbedtime.Trytokeepdisturbancetothisroutinetoa9.Ifthereisan

unavoidableschedulechange,prepareyourchildforit10.

TAL#NBSP1Jgoodbehavior.Positivereinforcementcangoalong

waywithchildrenwithautism,somakeaneffortto"catchthemdoingsomethinggood."Praisethemwhen

theyactappropriatelyorlearnanewskill,beingvery12aboutwhatbehavior

theyYebeingpraisedfor.

Payattentiontoyourchild'ssensorysensitivities.Manychildrenwithautismarehypersensitive

tolight,sound,touch,taste,andsmell.Otherchildrenwithautismare"under-sensitive"tosensory

stimuli.13whatsights,sounds,smellsandmovementscauseyourkid's"bad"

ordisruptivebehaviorsandwhatbringsabouta（n）14response.Ifyou

understandwhataffectsyourchild,you'llbebetteratsolvingproblems,preventingsituationsthatcause

difficulties,andcreating15experiences.

A.encouragedB.balancedC.absorbedD.involved

A.applyingB.devotingC.communicatingD.appealing

A.attractions.comfortC.steadinessD.attention

A.possibilityB.goalC.processD.solution

A.transplants.transferC.transportD.transform

A.meetB.interactC.negotiateD.associate

A.DrawupB.ArrangeforC.WorkoutD.Stickto

A.regularB.flexibleC.appropriateD.normal

A.decreaseB.mysteryC.minimumD.secret

A.withoutdoubtB.inprivateC.withoutnoticeD.inadvance

A.ControlB.PerformC.RewardD.Maintain

A.curiousB.specificC.particularD.anxious

A.FigureoutB.AccountforC.PutupD.Takeon

A.automaticB.immediateC.positiveD.quick

A.frustratingB.successfulC.professionalD.unpleasant

四、readingcomprehension（本大题共11小题）

4、【来源】2021年上海高三高考模拟（A篇）第56~58题

HotAirBalloonSydneyFor2,WeekendFlightINCLUDESFULLGOURMETBREAKFAST.

[tem:HO12955TA

Locatjon:WindsorSydney

OurPrice:$299

(perpersonforgroupsof2)

-HotAirBalloonFlightfor2(therewillbeothersintheballoonbasketwithyou).

•NOTHINGMORETOPAYONTHEDAY:YOURFULLGOURMET

BREAKFASTISINCLUDEDINTHEPRICE.

•TYavelwiththeTourismAwardwinnerswithover20yearsofexperience.

■FloatoverbeautifulHawkesburyValley.

•Colourflightcertificate.

ExperieiKethewonderofaHotAirBalloonFlightfor2people.Risingbefore

dawn,youcanjointhecrewinunpackingandpreparingtheballoonforflight—

whichisaspectacleinitself!Afteranexcitinglaunch,youTldriftwiththewind

silentlyovertheparklands,homesandhillsoftheHawkesburyregionofSydney.

HotAirBallooningbeginsinthecool,stillhoursoftheearlymorning,whentheairismorestable.The

launchsite,determinedbytheweatheronthemorning,willbeinoraroundthebeautifulHawkesbury

Valley.Theadventurebeginsbyinflating(使...充气)theballoonusingagiantportablefan.Oncethe

balloonstartstotakeshapetheburnerislit,heatingtheairinside.Thehotairinsideislighterthanthecool

airoutsideandthisiswhatcreatestheliftandwhyitiscalledaHotAirBalloon.Passengersarewelcome

toassistthepilotandcrewwithinfiatingthehotairballoonatthelaunchsite,whichonlytakesabout20

minutes.

TheHotAirBalloonFlightfor2isbothpicturesqueandpeaceful.Youhearverylittlesoundfromthe

awakeningworldbelow.Thesilenceisonlybrokenwithblastsfromthepropaneburnerheatingtheairin

yourballoontokeepyoucruisingacrosstheskies.Watchasthesunburstsfromthehorizonandpaintsthe

skypinkinaspectacularmorningsunrise.

Totopoffthemorningyoullcelebratewithafullgourmetbreakfast.Thisadventureisfor2people.

Therewillbeotherpeopleintheballoonbasketwithyou.

HotAirBalloonflightstakeplaceatsunrise.TheexacttimeofyourHotAirBalloonflight

experiencewillvarybaseduponthetimeofyearandwillbesenttoyouuponbooking.

(1)Theprice$299includes.

A.fullgourmetbreakfast

B.twopersons*HotAirBalloonFlight

C.tipsfortheTourismAwardwinners

D.theaccidentinsuranceoftheparticipants

(2)WhydoesHotAirBallooningbeginbeforedawn?

A.Touristsneedn'tqueuefortheflight.

B.Theairatthattimeiscoolerandmorestable.

C.Touristscanseethespectacularsunriseinthesky.

D.Travelershavetostarttheadventurewiththeirstomachempty.

(3)WhichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?

A.Thepeopleinthebasketarealltourists.

B.Theburnerisoffaftertheballoonislaunched.

C.Theballoonislaunchedatthefixedtimeandplace.

D.Thosewhohaveexperiencedtheflightcangetacertificate.

5、【来源】2021年上海高三高考模拟（B篇）第59〜62题

RFlNewSkillsSubjectArt&Design,Craft&Creative、Beauty

MJACADEMY

DeliverymethodOnline

StudylevelProfessionaldevelopment.Short.Accredited

RefFACE-GUARD

Price£30,was£299,usecode:GUARD90

FacePaintingAcademyDiploma

StartacareerinFacePaintingorsimplylearnforfun.

Doyouhavealoveforentertainingpeople?

Areyouartisticandwanttoimpresspeoplewithanewskill?

Haveyoueverthoughtaboutdoingacourseinfacepaintingsoyoucanearnfantasticmoney?

Ifsothenwiththiscourseyoucouldbecomeaqualifiedfacepainterjustlikehundredsofother

peoplewhohavetakenourcourses.Foraone-offfee(——次性付款),youcanstudyonlineandcomplete

thediplomainabout28hours.

Thecomprehensivesyllabus(教学大纲)issupportedby16instructionalvideossoyoucanlearnall

thedesignswithease,andyouwilllearnawiderangeofdesignsincludingdog,rabbitandspiderman.

With14modulestocover,youcanbecomeanaccomplishedfacepainter.

Yourqualificationwillberecognizedandcanbecheckedforvaliditybyallofyourfutureclientstoo!

TakeastepintherightdirectionandgetyourFacePaintingAcademyDiplomatoday.

£30,was£299,usecode:GUARD90

Module1YourIntroductiontoBecomingaFacePainter

Module2TheEquipmentandMaterialsYouWillNeedforFacePainting

Module3Health&SafetyandRiskAssessments

Module4Starting/RunningYourOwnBusiness

Module5PricingandCosts

Module6MarketingYourBusiness&SocialMedia

Module7TheDo'sandDon'tsandWhattoDoIfYourBusinessDoesn'tGoWell

Module8HowtodoaDog/CatFacePaintDesign

Module9HowtodoaButterfly/DolphinFacePaintDesign

Module10HowtodoaMonkey/FrogFacePaintDesign

Module11HowtodoaRabbit/SwanFacePaintDesign

Module12HowtodoaTiger/DinosaurFacePaintDesign

Module13HowtodoaSpiderman/BatmanFacePaintDesign

Module14HowtodoaMinnieMouse/PrincessFacePaintDesign

(1)Thecourseisintendedmainlyforthose.

A.keenonshowingoffnewskills

B.eagertogetanacademydiploma

C.interestedinlearningfacepainting

D.equippedwithauniquetasteforart

(2)Youcansave£ifsigningupforthecoursenow.

A.30

B.269

C.299

D.329

(3)WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutthecourse?

A.Itispresentedbothonlineandoffline.

B.Itprovidesnotonlylessonsonbusiness.

C.Thediplomacanbeobtainedinoneday.

D.Someclientswillbeinvitedtoexamineyourqualification.

(4)Inwhichmoduleareyoulikelytolearnhowtoadvertiseyourbusiness?

A.Module4.

B.Module6.

C.Module7.

D.Module10.

6、【来源】2021年上海高三高考模拟(C篇)第63〜66题

Studieshavelongshownadifferenceincognitiveabilitybetweenhigh-andlow-incomechildren,but

forthefirsttime,scientistshavefoundadifferencebetweenlow-incomechildrengrowingupinruralareas

andthosegrowingupinurbanenvironments.

ResearchersatDartmouthCollegehavefoundthatchildrengrowingupinruralpovertyscore

significantlyloweronvisualworkingmemoryteststhantheirurbancounterparts.However,childrenin

urbanpovertyscoreslightlylowerontestsofverbalworkingmemory.

Workingmemoryistheabilitytokeepinformationinmindwhileusingthatinformationtocomplete

atask.ItisabetterpredictorofacademicsuccessthanIQandiscrucialtoskillsasdiverseasreading,

mathprocessing,anddecisionmaking.

TheresultsoftheDartmouthstudyappearonlineintheJournalofCognitionandDevelopmentand

willbeincludedinthejournafsnextprintedition.APDFisavailablenowuponrequest.

Thestudyresultswerealsogroundbreakingbecausetheydemonstratedagapbetweentheverbaland

visualworkingmemoriesofchildrenlivinginruralpoverty.Noneoftheothergroupsincludedinthe

study-kidsfromhigh-incomerural,high-incomeurban,andlow-incomeurbanbackgrounds-performed

significantlybetterinoneareathantheother.

Follow-upresearchisneededtoconclusivelydeterminethecauseofthedisparitiesfoundinthestudy,

butauthorMicheleTine,assistantprofessorofeducationandprincipalinvestigatorinthePovertyand

LearningLabatDartmouth,suggeststheymaybeconnectedtoseeminglyminordifferencesinthedaily

livesofcountry-versuscity-dwellers.

Forexample,ruralareastendtohavelessnoisepollutionthanurbanones,andchronicnoisepollution

hasbeenshowntohurtverbalworkingmemory.Ontheotherhand,ruralareaslackvisualstimulicommon

incities-suchastraffic,crowds,andsigns-andthismaygiveruralchildrenlessopportunitytodevelop

theirvisualworkingmemory,Tinesurmises.

Previousresearchhasshownenvironmentalfactorsdonotimpactthecognitiveabilityofhigh-income

childrenasmuchaslow-incomechildren,whichisconsistentwithTine'sfindingthatwealthychildrenhad

almostidenticalworkingmemoryabilities,regardlessofwhethertheylivedinurbanorruralenvironments.

(1)Childreninruralpovertyscorelowerinvisualworkingmemorybecause

of.

A.thelong-termnoisepollution

B.thelackofvisualstimuli

C.theshortageofaudio-visualequipment

D.lessopportunitytomeetwealthypeople

(2)WhafsthevalueofDartmouthstudy?

A.Itshowsadifferencebetweenhigh-andlow-incomechildren.

B.Itfindsoutthefactorsthatinfluencethedevelopmentofcognitiveability.

C.Itfindsadifferencebetweenlow-incomechildreninruralandurbanareas.

D.ItprovesworkingmemorytesthaveanadvantageoverIQtest.

(3)Theunderlinedword"disparities'1isclosestinmeaningto

A.differences

B.disapprovals

C.destructions

D.directions

(4)Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Wealthykidsinurbanbackgroundperformbetterthantheirruralcounterparts.

B.Tine'sbraveassumptionhasbeenprovedbyhisfollow-upresearches.

C.Tine'sfindingdoesn'tagreewiththeresultsofthepreviousresearches.

D.TheresultsofDartmouthstudyareonlyavailableonlineatthepresenttime.

五、Fouroutofsix（本大题共4小题）

7、【来源】2021年上海高三高考模拟（新题型三）第67~70题

TheScienceofRisk-Seeking

Sometimeswedecidethatalittleunnecessarydangerisworthitbecausewhenweweightheriskand

thereward,theriskseemsworthtaking.1Someofusenjoyactivitiesthat

wouldsurpriseandscaretherestofus.Why?Expertssayitmayhavetodowithhowourbrainswork.

Thereasonwhyanyofustakeanyrisksatallmighthavetodowithearlyhumans.Risk-takerswere

betterathunting,fighting,orexploring.2Asthequalityofrisk-takingwas

passedfromonegenerationtothenext,humansendedupwithasenseofadventureandatoleranceforrisk.

Sowhyaren'twealljumpingoutofairplanesthen?Well,even200,000yearsago,toomuchrisk­

takingcouldgetonekilled.Afewdaringsurvived,though,alongwithafewstay-in-the-cavetypes.Asa

result,humansdevelopedarangeofcharactertypesthatstillexiststoday.Somaybeyoulovecarracing,or

maybeyouhateit.Italldependsonyourcharacter.

Nomatterwhereyouareontherisk-seekingrange,scientistssaythatyourwillingnesstotakerisks

increasesduringyourteenageyears.3Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrain

increasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.Newexperiencesoftenmeantakingsomerisks,soyourbrain

raisesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.

4Fortherisk-seekers,apartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebecomes

active,whilefortherestofus,apartofthebrainrelatedtofearbecomesactive.

Asexpertscontinuetostudythescienceofrisk-seeking,wellcontinuetohitthemountains,the

wavesortheshallowendofthepool.

A.Thosearetherisksyoushouldjumptotake.

B.Beingbetteratthosethingsmeantagreaterchanceofsurvival.

C.Thus,thesewell-equippedpeoplesurvivedbecausetheywerethefittest.

D.Thisiswhenyoustarttomoveawayfromyourfamilyandintothebiggerworld.

E.However,wearenotallusingthesamereferencestandardtoweighrisksand

rewards.

F.Newbrainresearchsuggestsourbrainsworkdifferentlywhenwefaceanervous

situation.

六、SummaryWriting（本大题共1小题）

8、【来源】2021年上海高三高考模拟（新题型三）第71题

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassagein

nomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

VirginiaiskillingitsU.S.historytests

Asahistoryexamsupporter,Ihaveseensomanypeopleappealingtothegovernmenttocancelit.

Manystudentsscoredpoorlyinitandcomplainedabouthardwork.In2014,theVirginialegislature（立

法）orderedacutinthenumberofteststakenbythestate'schildren,andspecificallyeliminatedthefifth

gradeandmiddleschoolU.S.historytests.TheU.S.andVirginiahistoryexaminhighschoolisalsoabout

todisappear.Politiciansseemtothinkthebestwaytoreducetestingpressureistoabandontests,nomatter

howimportant.

ImetSteveConstantino,nowchiefacademicofficeroftheVirginiaEducationDepartment,andhe

toldme,"evenwithouttests,thecourse,requirements,standards,etc.,areallstillverymuchrequiredand

schoolsareaccountabletoensurethatstudentsmasterthecontent.Ibelievewhatthisdoesismovethe

coursetowardmoreofadeeperlearningexperience,likeIB.”

ButwhenImethimthefirsttimeinthelate1990s,hewasthenthebrilliantprincipalofStonewall

JacksonHighSchool.HeturnedthatschoolintoamodelforthedemandingInternationalBaccalaureate（IB）

program.OneofthereasonshisIBprogramatStonewallJacksonHighSchoolworkedsowellwasthathis

IBstudentshadtotakethenation'smostdifficultfinalexams,someofthemfivehourslong.

MysuggestionisthatVirginiareplaceitsstatehistorytestswithIBexams.Youcanlearnagreatdeal

preparingforoneofthoseevenifyoufail.Butthat*snotgoingtohappen.Constantino^dreamofdeeper

learningwithoutchallengingtestshasneverbeenachievedinAmericanschools.Sowewillmuddlealong,

notlearningmuchhistory,sincedespitewhatwesay,wereallydon'tthinkweneedit.

七、Translation（本大题共4小题）

9、【来源】2021年上海高三高考模拟（新题型三）第72题

翻译

这次英语辩论赛之后，我意识到是愚蠢的骄傲蒙蔽了自己。(aware,blind)

10、【来源】2021年上海高三高考模拟(新题型三)第73题

他不感激他朋友们为他所做的牺牲，把这视作是理所当然的。(appreciate)

11、【来源】2021年上海高三高考模拟(新题型三)第74题

翻译

尽管前途未卜，为了不让人生留有遗憾，他习惯尽力做好每一件事。