力学专业英语词汇翻译

力学专业英语词汇翻译

牛顿力学Newtonianmechanics

典型力学classicalmechanics

工程力学engineeringmechanics固体力学solidmechanics普通力学generalmechanics

应用力学appliedmechanics流体力学fluidmechanics

理论力学theoreticalmechanics静力学statics

运动学kinematics

动力学dynamics材料力学materialsmechanics构造力学structuralmechanics

实验力学experimentalmechanics

计算力学computationalmechanics

力force

作用点pointofaction

作用线lineofaction

力系systemofforces

力系的简化reductionofforcesystem

等效力系equivalentforcesystem

刚体rigidbody

力的可传性transmissibilityofforce

平行四边形定则parallelogramrule

力三角形forcetriangle

力多边形forcepolygon

零力系null-forcesystem

平衡equilibrium

力的平衡equilibriumofforces

平衡条件equilibriumcondition

平衡位置equilibriumposition

平衡态equilibriumstate

分析力学analyticalmechanics

拉格朗日乘子Lagrangemultiplier

拉格朗日[量]Lagrangian循环积分cyclicintegral

哈密顿[量]Hamiltonian

哈密顿函数Hamiltonianfunction

正则方程canonicalequation

正则摄动canonicalperturbation

正则变换canonicaltransformation

正则变量canonicalvariable

哈密顿原理Hamiltonprinciple

作用量积分actionintegral

哈密顿--雅可比方程Hamilton-Jacobiequation

作用--角度变量action-anglevariables泊松括号poissonbracket

边界积分法boundaryintegralmethod运动稳定性stabilityofmotion

轨道稳定性orbitalstability渐近稳定性asymptoticstability

构造稳定性structuralstability

倾覆力矩capsizingmoment

拉力tensileforce正应力normalstress切应力shearstress静水压力hydrostaticpressure集中力concentratedforce分布力distributedforce线性应力应变关系linearrelationshipbetweenstressandstrain弹性模量modulusofelasticity横向力lateralforcetransverseforce轴向力axialforce拉应力tensilestress压应力compressivestress平衡方程equilibriumequation静力学方程equationsofstatic比例极限proportionallimit应力应变曲线stress-straincurve拉伸实验tensiletest‘屈服应力yieldstress极限应力ultimatestress轴shaft梁beam纯剪切pureshear横截面积cross-sectionalarea挠度曲线deflectioncurve曲率半径radiusofcurvature曲率半径的倒数reciprocalofradiusofcurvature纵轴longitudinalaxis悬臂梁cantileverbeam简支梁simplysupportedbeam微分方程differentialequation惯性矩momentofinertia静矩staticmoment扭矩torquemoment弯矩bendingmoment弯矩对x的导数derivativeofbendingmomentwithrespecttox弯矩对x的二阶导数thesecondderivativeofbendingmomentwithrespecttox静定梁staticallydeterminatebeam静不定梁staticallyindeterminatebeam相容方程compatibilityequation补充方程complementaryequation中性轴neutralaxis圆截面circularcrosssection两端作用扭矩twistedbycouplesattwoends刚体rigidbody扭转角twistangle静力等效staticallyequivalent互相垂直平面mutuallyperpendicularplanes通过截面形心throughthecentroidofthecrosssection一端铰支pinsupportatoneend一端固定fixedatoneend弯矩图bendingmomentdiagram剪力图shearforcediagram剪力突变abruptchangeinshearforce、旋转和平移rotationandtranslation虎克定律hook’slaw边界条件boundarycondition初始位置initialposition、力矩面积法moment-areamethod绕纵轴转动rotateaboutalongitudinalaxis横坐标abscissa扭转刚度torsionalrigidity拉伸刚度tensilerigidity剪应力的合力resultantofshearstress正应力的大小magnitudeofnormalstress脆性破坏brittlefail对称平面symmetryplane刚体的平衡equilibriumofrigidbody约束力constraintforce重力gravitationalforce实际作用力actualforce三维力系three-dimentionalforcesystem合力矩resultantmoment标量方程scalarequation、矢量方程vectorequation张量方程tensorequation汇交力系cocurrentsystemofforces任意一点anarbitrarypoint合矢量resultantvector反作用力reactionforce反作用力偶reactioncouple转动约束restrictionagainstrotation平动约束restrictionagainsttranslation运动的趋势tendencyofmotion绕给定轴转动rotateaboutaspecificaxis沿一种方向运动moveinadirection控制方程controlequation共线力collinearforces平面力系planarforcesystem一束光abeamoflight未知反力unknownreactionforces参考框架frameofreference大小和方向magnitudeanddirection几何约束geometricrestriction刚性连接rigidlyconnected运动学关系kinematicalrelations运动的合成superpositionofmovement固定点fixedpoint平动的叠加superpositionoftranslation刚体的角速度angularspeedofarigidbody质点动力学particledynamics运动微分方程differentialequationofmotion工程实际问题practicalengineeringproblems变化率rateofchange动量守恒conservationoflinearmomentum定性的描述qualitativedescription点线dottedline划线dashedline实线solidline矢量积vectorproduct点积dotproduct极惯性矩polarmomentofinertia角速度angularvelocity角加速度angularaccelerationinfinitesimalamount无穷小量definiteintegral定积分acertainintervaloftime某一时间段kineticenergy动能conservativeforce保守力dampingforce阻尼力coefficientofdamping阻尼系数freevibration自由振动periodicdisturbance周期性扰动viscousforce粘性力forcedvibration强迫震动generalsolution通解particularsolution特解transientsolution瞬态解steadystatesolution稳态解secondorderpartialdifferentialequation二阶偏微分方程externalforce外力internalforce内力stresscomponent应力分量stateofstress应力状态coordinateaxes坐标系conditionsofequilibrium平衡条件bodyforce体力continuummechanics持续介质力学displacementcomponent位移分量additionalrestrictions附加约束compatibilityconditions相容条件mathematicalformulations数学公式isotropicmaterial各向同性材料sufficientsmall充足小stateofstrain应变状态unitmatrix单位矩阵dilatationstrain膨胀应变thefirststraininvariant第一应变不变量deviatorstresscomponents应力偏量分量thefirstinvariantofstresstensor应力张量的第一不变量bulkmodulus体积模量constitutiverelations本构关系linearelasticmaterial线弹性材料mathematicalderivation数学推导astateofstaticequilibrium静力平衡状态Newton‘sfirstlawofmotion牛顿第一运动定律directlyproportionalto与……成正比stressconcentrationfactor应力集中系数stateofloading载荷状态stvenant’principle圣维南原理uniaxialtension单轴拉伸cylindricalcoordinates柱坐标bucklingofcolumns柱的屈曲criticalvalue临界值stableequilibrium稳态平衡unstableequilibriumcondition不稳定平衡条件criticalload临界载荷aslendercolumn细长杆fixedatthelowerend下端固定freeattheupperend上端自由criticalbucklingload临界屈曲载荷potentialenergy势能fixedatbothends两端固定hingedatbothends两端铰支tubularmember管型杆件transversedimention横向尺寸stabilityofcolumn柱的稳定axialforce轴向力ellipticalhole椭圆孔planestress平面应力nominalstress名义应为principalstressdirections主应力方向axialcompression轴向压缩dynamicloading动载荷dynamicproblem动力学问题inertiaforce惯性力resonancevibration谐振staticstatesofstress静态应力dynamicresponse动力响应timeofcontact接触时间lengthofwave波长resonancefrequency谐振频率自由振动freevibration

固有振动naturalvibration

暂态transientstate

环境振动ambientvibration

反共振anti-resonance

衰减attenuation

库仑阻尼Coulombdamping参量[激励]振动parametricvibration

含糊振动fuzzyvibration

临界转速criticalspeedofrotation

阻尼器damper

半峰宽度half-peakwidth相平面法phaseplanemethod

相轨迹phasetrajectory解谐detuning

耗散函数dissipativefunction

硬激励hardexcitation

硬弹簧hardspring,hardeningspring

谐波平衡法harmonicbalancemethod

久期项secularterm

自激振动self-excitedvibration软弹簧softspring,softeningspring

软激励softexcitation模态分析modalanalysis

固有模态naturalmodeofvibration

同时synchronization

频谱frequencyspectrum

基频fundamentalfrequency缓冲器buffer

风激振动aeolianvibration

嗡鸣buzz

倒谱cepstrum

颤动chatter

蛇行hunting

阻抗匹配impedancematching

机械导纳mechanicaladmittance

机械效率mechanicalefficiency

机械阻抗mechanicalimpedance

随机振动stochasticvibration,randomvibration

隔振vibrationisolation

减振vibrationreduction方位角azimuthalangle多体系统multibodysystem静平衡staticbalancing

动平衡dynamicbalancing

静不平衡staticunbalance

动不平衡dynamicunbalance

现场平衡fieldbalancing

不平衡unbalance

不平衡量unbalance

质量守恒conservationofmass

动量守恒conservationofmomentum

能量守恒conservationofenergy

动量方程momentumequation

能量方程energyequation

构造分析structuralanalysis

构造动力学structuraldynamics

拱Arch

三铰拱three-hingedarch

抛物线拱parabolicarch

圆拱circulararch

穹顶Dome

空间构造spacestructure

空间桁架spacetruss

雪载[荷]snowload

风载[荷]windload

土压力earthpressure

地震载荷earthquakeloading

弹簧支座springsupport

支座位移supportdisplacement

支座沉降supportsettlement

超静定次数degreeofindeterminacy

机动分析kinematicanalysis

结点法methodofjoints

截面法methodofsections

结点力jointforces

共轭位移conjugatedisplacement

影响线influenceline

三弯矩方程three-momentequation

单位虚力unitvirtualforce

刚度系数stiffnesscoefficient

柔度系数flexibilitycoefficient

力矩分派momentdistribution

力矩分派法momentdistributionmethod

力矩再分派momentredistribution

分派系数distributionfactor

矩阵位移法matridisplacementmethod

单元刚度矩阵elementstiffnessmatrix

单元应变矩阵elementstrainmatrix

总体坐标globalcoordinates高斯--若尔当消去法Gauss-JordaneliminationMethod

屈曲模态bucklingmode线弹性断裂力学linearelasticfracturemechanics,LEFM

弹塑性断裂力学elastic-plasticfracturemechanics,EPFM

断裂Fracture

脆性断裂brittlefracture

解理断裂cleavagefracture

蠕变断裂creepfracture裂纹Crack

裂缝Flaw

缺点Defect

割缝Slit

微裂纹Microcrack

折裂Kink

椭圆裂纹ellipticalcrack

深埋裂纹embeddedcrack损伤力学damagemechanics

损伤Damage

持续介质损伤力学continuumdamagemechanics

细观损伤力学microscopicdamagemechanics损伤区damagezone

疲劳Fatigue

低周疲劳lowcyclefatigue

应力疲劳stressfatigue

随机疲劳randomfatigue

蠕变疲劳creepfatigue

腐蚀疲劳corrosionfatigue

疲劳损伤fatiguedamage

疲劳失效fatiguefailure

疲劳断裂fatiguefracture

疲劳裂纹fatiguecrack

疲劳寿命fatiguelife

疲劳破坏fatiguerupture

疲劳强度fatiguestrength

交变载荷alternatingload

交变应力alternatingstress

应力幅值stressamplitude

应变疲劳strainfatigue

应力循环stresscycle

应力比stressratio

安全寿命safelife

过载效应overloadingeffect

循环硬化cyclichardening

循环软化cyclicsoftening

环境效应environmentaleffect

裂纹片crackgage

裂纹扩展crackgrowth,crackPropagation

裂纹萌生crackinitiation

循环比cycleratio

实验应力分析experimentalstressAnalysis

工作[应变]片active[strain]gage

基底材料backingmaterial

应力计stressgage

零[点]飘移zeroshift,zerodrift

应变测量strainmeasurement

应变计straingage

应变批示器strainindicator

应变花strainrosette

应变敏捷度strainsensitivity

机械式应变仪mechanicalstraingage

直角应变花rectangularrosette

引伸仪Extensometer

应变遥测telemeteringofstrain

横向敏捷系数transversegagefactor

横向敏捷度transversesensitivity

焊接式应变计weldablestraingage

平衡电桥balancedbridge

粘贴式应变计bondedstraingage

粘贴箔式应变计bondedfoiledgage

粘贴丝式应变计bondedwiregage

桥路平衡bridgebalancing

电容应变计capacitancestraingage

赔偿片compensationtechnique

赔偿技术compensationtechnique

基准电桥referencebridge

电阻应变计resistancestraingage

温度自赔偿应变计self-temperaturecompensatinggage

半导体应变计semiconductorstrainGage计算构造力学computationalstructuralmechanics

加权残量法weightedresidualmethod

有限差分法finitedifferencemethod

有限[单]元法finiteelementmethod

配点法pointcollocation

里茨法Ritzmethod

广义变分原理generalizedvariationalPrinciple

最小二乘法leastsquaremethod

胡[海昌]一鹫津原理Hu-Washizuprinciple

赫林格-赖斯纳原理Hellinger-ReissnerPrinciple

修正变分原理modifiedvariationalPrinciple

约束变分原理constrainedvariationalPrinciple

混正当mixedmethod

杂交法hybridmethod

边界解法boundarysolutionmethod

有限条法finitestripmethod

半解析法semi-analyticalmethod

协调元conformingelement

非协调元non-conformingelement

混合元mixedelement

杂交元hybridelement

边界元boundaryelement

强迫边界条件forcedboundarycondition

自然边界条件naturalboundarycondition

离散化Discretization

离散系统discretesystem

持续问题continuousproblem坐标变换transformationofCoordinates

广义位移generalizeddisplacement

广义载荷generalizedload

广义应变generalizedstrain

广义应力generalizedstress

界面变量interfacevariable

节点node,nodalpoint

[单]元Element

角节点cornernode

边节点mid-sidenode

内节点internalnode

无节点变量nodelessvariable

杆元barelement

桁架杆元trusselement

梁元beamelement

二维元two-dimensionalelement

一维元one-dimensionalelement

三维元three-dimensionalelement

轴对称元axisymmetricelement

板元plateelement

壳元shellelement

厚板元thickplateelement

三角形元triangularelement

四边形元quadrilateralelement

四周体元tetrahedralelement

曲线元curvedelement

二次元quadraticelement

线性元linearelement

三次元cubicelement

四次元quarticelement

等参[数]元isoparametricelement

单元分析elementanalysis

单元特性elem