大学计算机导论练习题及答案

Lec.1-5考题练习解答Lec.1IntroductionTheideaofauniversalcomputationaldevicewasfirstdescribedbyamathematicianin1937.Themathematicianproposedthatallcomputationcouldbeperformedbyaspecialkindofamachine,nowcalled_Turing___machine.Auniversal_TuringMachine____,thatcandoanycomputationiftheappropriateprogramisprovided,wasthefirstdescriptionofamoderncomputer.考题练习Whichoneofthefollowingoperationsisnotbelongtoinput/outputsubsysteminacomputer?

[1]Acceptdata [2]Acceptprograms

[3]Managetheothersubsystem[4]SendtheresultstooutputdevicesWhichoneisnotincludedinthesequentialexecutionofinstructionsbythecontrolunitofthevonNeumann?

[1]Fetch [2]Decode [3]Compile [4]ExecuteInthevonNeumannmodel,_memory__subsystemstoresdataandprograms.3

考题练习Whichoneofthefollowingoperationsisnotbelongtoinput/outputsubsysteminacomputer?

[1]Acceptdata [2]Acceptprograms

[3]Managetheothersubsystem[4]SendtheresultstooutputdevicesWhichoneisnotincludedinthesequentialexecutionofinstructionsbythecontrolunitofthevonNeumann?

[1]Fetch [2]Decode [3]Compile [4]ExecuteThelogicalstepsnecessarytosolveaproblemwithacomputeriscalledan

algorithm

.Themostimportantsoftwareinacomputerthatcontrolsthecomputingenvironmentandprovidesaninterfacetotheuseriscalledoperatingsystem.4

考题练习

FORTRANandCOBOLareexamplesof

.

[1]Software[2]Hardware[3]Architecture[4]ComputerLanguagesThemostimportantsoftwareinacomputer,called

operatingsystem,isoriginallyworkedasamanagertofacilitateaccesstothecomputer’scomponentsbyaprogram.Astep-by-stepsolutiontoaproblemiscalledanalgorithm_.______isthedesignandwritingofaprograminstructuredform.

[1]SoftwareEngineering [2]HardwareEngineering

[3]AlgorithmDevelopment [4]InstructionalArchitectureThemostimportantsoftwareinacomputerthatcontrolsthecomputingenvironmentandprovidesaninterfacetotheuseriscalledoperatingsystem_5

考题练习Atthebeginningofthecomputeragetherewasonlyonecomputerlanguage,called

Machinelanguage.OneofthefirstcomputersbasedonthevonNeumannmodelwascalled?

[1]Pascal [2]EDVAC [3]ENIAC [4]Pascaline6

考题练习Ifacomputercanexecute2×109instructionspersecond,whatisthecomputer’sperformanceinMFLOPS?

[1]20 [2]2000 [3]2000000 [4]200000000Thetimeunit,400x10-10seconds,isequivalentto

.

[1]40nanoseconds [2]4000miniseconds [3]400microseconds [4]4bitsecondsThedisksizeis100x240bytesthatisequivalentto100

.

[1]KiloBytes(KB) [2]MegaBytes(MB) [3]GigaBytes(GB) [4]TeraBytes(TB)A_________isthemethodortechniquethatimprovestheefficiencyofasearchprocess,possiblybysacrificingoptimality.

[1]Turingtest [2]Ad-hoc [3]Tradeoff [4]Heuristics7

Instructionsnativetothecentralprocessorofacomputerthatareexecutablewithoutassemblyorcompilationarecalled

H

.ThecomponentofaCPUthatinterpretstheinstructionsandcontrolstheflowofdataiscalled_C_.AuniversalN_,thatcandoanycomputationiftheappropriateprogramisprovided,wasthefirstdescriptionofamoderncomputer.Theinventionof_P_reducedthecostandsizeofcomputersinthefourthgeneration.selectfromthefollowinglistofpossibleanswers:(A)Ad-hoc (B)CISC(C)Controlunit(D)EDVAC(E)ENIAC (F)Gigabytes(G)Heuristics(H)Machinelanguage(I)MIPS (J)Nanoseconds(K)RISC(L)Highlevellanguage(M)Tradeoff(N)Turingmachine(O)Turingtest(P)VLSI8

Lec.2NumberSystems考题练习Whichofthefollowingrepresentationiserroneous?

[1](1001001)2 [2](765)8 [3](ING)16 [4]1001001Thedecimalfraction,0.15625,isequalto:

[1]2-1+2-2 [2]2-2+2-4 [3]23+25 [4]2-3+2-5Thedecimalfraction,0.515625,isequalto:

[1]2-1+2-2[2]2-2+2-4[3]2-1+2-6

[4]2-1+2-5Whichofthefollowingrepresentationiserroneous?

[1](1001001)2 [2](789)8

[3](FCF)16 [4]1001001Thebaseofthehexadecimalnumbersystemsis____?

[1]2 [2]8 [3]10 [4]16Theoctalsystemisapositionalnumbersystemthatuses__8_symbolstorepresentanumber.10

考题练习WhichofthenumberindecimalisequaltothenumberABBinhexadecimal?

[1]2747 [2]2746 [3]2745 [4]2448Whichofthenumberindecimalisequaltothenumber(2731)8inoctal?

[1]1497 [2]1498 [3]1496 [4]1394Thenumber_2746indecimalisequaltothenumberABAinhexadecimal.WhichofthenumberindecimalisequaltothenumberBBBinhexadecimal?

[1]2747 [2]2746 [3]3003 [4]2448Whichofthenumberindecimalisequaltothenumber(3311)8?

[1]1737 [2]1498 [3]1496 [4]139411

考题练习Convertthenumber(1A.2)16inhexadecimalintothenumberindecimal:_26.125_.Convertthenumber11Ainhexadecimalintothenumberindecimal:_282___.12

考题练习Whichofthenumberinoctalisequaltothenumber3075indecimal?

[1]6001 [2]6003 [3]5001 [4]5003Werepeatedly___bybtoconvertadecimalfractiontobaseb.

[1]Divide [2]Multiply [3]Neitheranorb [4]BothaandbWhichofthenumberinbinaryisequaltothenumber30.625indecimal?

[1]11110.101 [2]11110.011 [3]11110.111 [4]11111.111Whichofthenumberinbinaryisequaltothenumber30.375indecimal?

[1]11110.101 [2]11110.011

[3]11110.111 [4]11111.11113

考题练习Arelationshipbetweenthetwobases:_4_bitsinbinaryisonedigitinhexadecimal.Whichofthenumberinoctalisequaltothenumber24Cinhexadecimal?

[1](2114)8 [2](1114)8

[3](001001001100)2 [4](001001001101)2WhichofthenumberinoctalisequaltothenumberCCCinhexadecimal?

[1](6314)8 [2](1114)8

[3](001001001100)2 [4](001001001101)214

考题练习Whichofthenumberinbinaryisequaltothenumber12Finhexadecimal?

[1](100100001)2 [2](100101111)2

[3](100100111)2 [4](100100101)2Convertthenumber11111.11inbinaryintothenumberinoctal:__37.6__.Convertthenumber(B.A)16intothenumberinoctal:_13.5___.Convertthenumber6A6inhexadecimalintothenumberinoctal:_3246_.15

考题练习Convertthenumber11110.01inbinaryintothenumberinoctal:__36.2___.Convertthenumber(411)8inoctalintothenumberinhexadecimal:_109___.Convertthenumber(B.E)16inhexadecimalintothenumberinoctal.13.7Arelationshipbetweenthetwobases:__3_bitsinbinaryisonedigitinoctal.16

考题练习Tofindtheminimumnumberofdecimaldigitalsrequiredtostorefive-digitaloctalnumber:_5_.(PS:log8=0.903)Theminimumnumberofbinarydigitsrequiredtostoredecimalintegerswithamaximumoffivedigitsis_17__.(log2=0.301)Tofindtheminimumnumberofbinarydigitsrequiredtostoredecimalintegerswithamaximumofsixdigits:__20__.(PS:log2=0.301)Tofindtheminimumnumberofdecimaldigitalsrequiredtostoreseven-digitaloctalnumber:_7_.(PS:log8=0.903)17

考题练习TheRomancalculation:XVII+CIII=_CXX__(Romannumerals).WhichoneofthefollowingRomannumeralsisnotvalid.

[1]IMC [2]MCI [3]MLX [4]MCXWhichoneofthefollowingRomannumeralsisnotvalid?

[1]MIX [2]MCI [3]XML [4]XMC(a)Convertthedecimalnumber999toRomannumber.

(b)ConverttheRomannumberMCLVIItothedecimalnumber.

(c)ConverttheRomannumberXMXLItothedecimalnumber. (a)CMXMIX (b)1157 (c)1104118

Lec.3DataStorage考题练习Whichofthefollowingnumbersystemuses“11111111”torepresentdecimal“-0”?

[1]Sign-and-magnitude [2]One’scomplement [3]Two’scomplement [ 4]UnsignedintegerWhichofthefollowingdecimalisequivalentto8-bitunsignednumber10010110?

[1]151 [2]-22 [3]150 [4]-110Whichofthefollowing16-bit2’scomplementrepresentationsisequivalentto-178indecimal?

[1]0000000010110010 [2]1000000010110010 [3]1111111101001110 [4]111111110100110120

考题练习Whichofthefollowingdecimalsisequivalentto8-bit1’scomplementnumber10000000?

[1]-0 [2]-128 [3]-127 [4]128Whichofthefollowingdecimalsisequivalentto8-bitsign-magnitudenumber10000011?

[1]131[2]-125 [3]-3 [4]-126Whichofthefollowing8-bit2’scomplementrepresentationsisequivalentto-106indecimal?

[1]01100111 [2]11100111 [3]10010110 [4]10011001Whichofthefollowingdecimalsisequivalentto8-bit2’scomplementnumber10000101?

[1]-5 [2]-123 [3]-124 [4]-12621

考题练习The8’scomplementforan8-digitoctalnumberN=7654321is_0123457__.Thelargestdecimalintegerfor8-bitunsignednumberis_255_.Thesmallestnegativeintegerforn-bit2’scomplementrepresentationis_-2n-1__.Thelargestpositiveintegerforn-bitsing-and-magnituderepresentationis_2n-1-1__.Whatisthebitpatternin8-bit2’scomplementrepresentationfordecimal-100?10011100Whatisthe8-bitsign-and-magnituderepresentationfordecimal-41?10101001Whatisthe8-bit2’scomplementrepresentationfordecimal -111?_10010001_22

考题练习Whatisthe16-bitsign-and-magnituderepresentationfordecimal-354?1000000101100010Whatisthe16-bit2’scomplementrepresentationfordecimal -179?1111111101001101Whichofthefollowingdecimalsisstoredas10001000in8-bitmemorylocationbytheunsignedintegerrepresentation?

[1]-8

[2]120

[3]8

[4]136Whichofthefollowingbitpatternsisusedtostorethedecimal-75in8-bitmemorylocationbythe2’scomplementrepresentation?

[1]01001011 [2]10110101 [3]11001011 [4]10110100Whichofthefollowingbitpatternsisusedtostorethedecimal-99in8-bitmemorylocationbythesign-and-magnituderepresentation? [1]01100011[2]10011101[3]10011100 [4]1110001123

考题练习Whichofthefollowingbitpatternsisusedtostorethedecimal-211in16-bitmemorylocationbythesign-and-magnituderepresentation? [1]0000000011010011 [2]1000000011010011

[3]1111111100101100 [4]1111111100101101Whichofthefollowingbitpatternsisusedtostorethedecimal85in8-bitmemorylocationbytheunsignedintegerrepresentation?

[1]01010101 [2]11010101[3]10101010 [4]10101011Whichofthefollowingbitpatternsisusedtostorethedecimal-138in16-bitmemorylocationbythe2’scomplementrepresentation?

[1]0000000010001010 [2]1000000010001010

[3]1111111101110110 [4]111111110111010124

考题练习ThebitpatternofthelargestpositiverealnumberforIEEE754standardinsingleprecisionis_______.

01111111011111111111111111111111ConsideringIEEE754standardinsingleprecisionrepresentation,whatistherealdecimalnumberfor11111111100000000000000000000000?

-∞Whatisthebitpatternof“zero”forIEEE754standardinsingleprecision?0000…000WhatisthesingleprecisionrepresentationinIEEE754standardfor-0.875?25

考题练习ConsideringIEEE754standardinsingleprecisionrepresentation,whatistherealnumberindecimalfor00111111000000000000000000000000?0.5Whatisthebitpatternof-∞forIEEE754standardinsingleprecision?11111111100000000000000000000000The11-bitexcess-1023codeforinteger2is_______.

10000000001ThelargestpositiverealnumberforIEEE754standardinsingleprecisionis(1-2-24)*2128

andthecorrespondingbitpatternis01111111011111111111111111111111__.26

考题练习WhatisthesingleprecisionrepresentationofIEEE754standardfor-95.875?ConsideringIEEE754standardinsingleprecisionrepresentation,whatistherealnumberindecimalfor01000001101001110000000000000000?Theexcess-1023codefordecimalinteger10is____.(Hint:ShowinBinaryPattern)1000000100127

考题练习Whichstatementabouttextsymbolrepresentationiscorrect?

[1]ASCIIcodeuses8bitstorepresenttextsymbols

[2]Extended-ASCIIcodeuses7bitstorepresenttextsymbols

[3]Unicodeuses16bitstorepresenttextsymbols

[4]Unicodeuses32bitstorepresenttextsymbolsWhichterminologyasfollowsmeansthatweselectonlyafinitenumberofpointsontheanalogsignal,measuretheirvalues,andrecordthem?

[1]Sampling[2]Quantization[3]Coding[4]EncodingAnaudiosignalissampled8,000timespersecond.Eachsampleisrepresentedby1024differentlevels.Howmanybitspersecondareneededtorepresentthissignal?80,00028

考题练习Anaudiosignalissampled8,000timespersecond.Eachsampleisrepresentedby256differentlevels.Howmanybitspersecondareneededtorepresentthissignal?64,000HowmanybitsdoesUnicodeusetorepresentatextsymbol?32Thebitrateforanaudiowith40000samplespersecondand32bitspersampleis_1,280,000__.Whatisthebitrateforanaudiowith44100samplespersecondand 65536differentlevelspersample?705,60029

考题练习Whichterminologyasfollowsusestheindexedcolorschemetostoreanimage?

[1]JPEG [2]MP4 [3]GIF [4]MPEGIfaJPEGpicturehasresolution1024×2048butwithoutanycompression,howmanybitsareneededtostorethispicture?.

[1]16Mbits[2]24Mbits[3]32Mbits[4]48MbitsTruecoloruses___24___bitstoencodeapixel.IfaJPEGpicturehasresolution2048×2048butwithoutanycompression,howmanybitsareneededtostorethispicture?96Mbits

30

Lec.4OperationsonData考题练习■

Giventhemask=11111111and8-bitbitpatternA,ifA=AXmask,

whichofthefollowinglogicoperatorsisX? [1]AND [2]OR [3]XOR [4]NOT■

IfA=10100110,Bisthemask,andC=11111110,whichofthefollowingitemsiscorrectsothatC=AXB?NotethatXisalogicoperator. [1]B=11111000,X=OR [2]B=11111000,X=XOR [3]B=00000111,X=AND [4]B=11111111,X=AND■

IfA=(10011000)2andB=(00101101)2,whichofthefollowingbitpatternsistheresultofA+B?(Here+representslogicaloperationOR) [1]10111101[2]00001000[3]10110101[4]01100111

■

IfA=(10011001)2andAXORmask=01011010,whatisthemaskshouldbe?1100001132考题练习■

Giventhemask=11111111and8-bitbitpatternA,ifA=AXmask,whichofthefollowinglogicoperatorsisX? [1]AND [2]OR [3]XOR [4]NOT■

IfA=10100110,Bisthemask,andC=11111110,whichofthefollowingitemsiscorrectsothatC=AXB?NotethatXisalogicoperator. [1]B=11101000,X=OR[2]B=01011000,X=XOR

[3]B=00000111,X=AND[4]B=11111111,X=AND■

IfA=(01001101)2isan8-bit2’scomplementinteger,whatistheresultofarithmeticleftshift3bitsonA?Istheresultove