新教材适用2024版高考英语一轮总复习练案21选择性必修第一册Unit5WorkingTheLand

练案[21]选择性必修第一册UNIT5WORKINGTHELANDⅠ.完形填空(2023·八省八校联考)Myfamilymovedintoourhomenineyearsago.Weliveonacorner,andtheentiresideoftheyardisenclosedbya1.Abuiltrockwall.However,thefrontofthehouseisanother2.Bbecauseinsteadofawallalongthesidewalk,therocksappeartobejust3.Cupontothedirt.Wedidthebestwecouldandcalledthisareaour“rockgarden”．Wheneverwehadleftoverflowersorplants，Iwould4.Cthemoutfront,justtobringsome5.Btothearea.LastsummerIreachedtheendoftherockgardenandfoundatinylittleplantthatIcouldnotimmediately6.B;wedidn'tplantit.Wedecidedtoletit7.Agrowinguntilwecould8.Dwhatitwas.WeekspassedandasImademywaybacktothe9.Dplant,itappearedtobeasunflower.Itwasskinny.Idecidedto10.Citalongandweedaroundit.AsIpulledrockstogettotheweeds，Inoticedsomething11.A.ThesunflowerhadnotstartedwhereIsawit12.A.Itactuallyhadbegununderabigrockandgrownunderandarounditto13.Dthesun.That'swhenIrealizedthatweshouldstandtalllikethesunflowerandtheenvironmentwillbeginto14.Dus.Wewillfindawaytogounderoraroundourbig15.Cinordertoreachourdesires.语篇导读：本文讲述了作者发现一棵向日葵突破一块压住它的石头顽强生长，并由此产生感悟。1．A.professionally B．randomlyC．simply D．terribly解析：考查语境推断。此处与下文的“insteadofawallalongthesidewalk,therocksappeartobejust__3__upontothedirt”形成对比，作者是说院子的整个侧面被一堵由专业人员建造的石墙包围着。professionally意为“专业地”，符合语境。randomly意为“随意地”；simply意为“简单地”；terribly意为“糟糕地”。故选A。2．A.wall B．storyC．side D．yard解析：考查语境推断。根据上文的“theentiresideoftheyardisenclosedbya__1__builtrockwall”和空后的“insteadofawallalongthesidewalk”可知，然而房子的前面又是另一回事。anotherstory意为“另一回事”，story符合语境。wall意为“墙”；side意为“边”；yard意为“院子”。故选B。3．A.built B．usedC．thrown D．made解析：考查语境推断。根据语境可知，此处与前文的石墙形成对比，故这里这些石头应是随意摆放的，就像只是被扔到泥土上一样。throw意为“扔”，符合语境。build意为“建立”；use意为“使用”；make意为“制作”。故选C。4．A.select B．cutC．stick D．pick解析：考查语境推断。根据空后的“themoutfront,justtobringsome__5__tothearea”以及下文的“wedidn'tplantit.”可知，作者会把剩下的花或植物随手种在门外，只是为了给这个区域带来一些色彩。stick意为“(随便)摆放，放置；刺，扎，戳”，符合语境。select意为“选择”；cut意为“切开”；pick意为“挑选”。故选C。5．A.dirt B．colorC．flowers D．plants解析：考查语境推断。根据语境可知，作者是想给这个都是石头的区域增添一些属于植物的色彩。color意为“颜色，色彩”，符合语境。dirt意为“尘土”；flower意为“花朵”；plant意为“植物”。故选B。6．A.clarify B．identifyC．account D．observe解析：考查语境推断。根据空后的“wedidn'tplantit”可知，这株植物不是作者种的，所以此处是说作者发现了一小株不能马上辨认出来的植物。identify意为“认出”，符合语境。clarify意为“澄清”；account意为“解释”；observe意为“观察”。故选B。7．A.continue B．avoidC．escape D．start解析：考查语境推断。根据空后的“growinguntilwecould__8__whatitwas”和下文这株植物长大了可知，此处是说让它继续生长。continue意为“继续”，符合语境。avoid意为“避免”；escape意为“逃避”；start意为“开始”。故选A。8．A.takedown B．comeacrossC．referto D．figureout解析：考查语境推断。根据空后的“whatitwas”和前文作者说不认识这株植物可知，此处是说作者决定让它继续生长，直到能弄清楚它是什么植物。figureout意为“弄清楚”，符合语境。takedown意为“放下；记下”；comeacross意为“偶遇”；referto意为“涉及；参考”。故选D。9．A.charming B．wonderfulC．ugly D．mysterious解析：考查语境推断。根据上文的“atinylittleplantthatIcouldnotimmediately__6__;_wedidn'tplantit.”可知，作者不认识这株植物，所以此处称它为神秘的植物。mysterious意为“神秘的”，符合语境。charming意为“迷人的”；wonderful意为“精彩的”；ugly意为“丑陋的”。故选D。10．A.dream B．waitC．baby D．explore解析：考查语境推断。根据下文的“weedaroundit”可知，作者决定一直照料它。baby意为“百般呵护”，符合语境。dream意为“梦到”；wait意为“等待”；explore意为“探索”。故选C。11．A.unusual B．importantC．common D．disturbing解析：考查语境推断。根据下文的“ThesunflowerhadnotstartedwhereIsawit__12__.Itactuallyhadbegununderabigrock...”可知，作者原以为它就是从看到它的地方长出来的，但是实际上它是从石头下长出来的，所以作者在此处说她发现了不寻常的事情。unusual意为“不寻常的”，符合语境。important意为“重要的”；common意为“常见的”；disturbing意为“令人不安的”。故选A。12．A.begin B．stopC．shoot D．expand解析：考查复现推断。根据空前的“Thesunflowerhadnotstarted”和空后的“Itactuallyhadbegun”可知，此处是说向日葵并不是从作者看到的地方开始生长的。begin为原词复现，同时与start构成同义复现。begin意为“开始存在”，符合语境。stop意为“停止”；shoot意为“发射”；expand意为“扩大”。故选A。13．A.shade B．standC．steal D．reach解析：语境&常识推断。根据“grownunderandarounditto__13__thesun”及常识可知，向日葵实际上是从这块大石头下面开始生长，并围绕着这块石头长出来，以接触到阳光。reach意为“够到”，在此处引申为“接触”，符合语境。shade意为“遮挡”；stand意为“忍受”；steal意为“偷”。故选D。14．A.shelter B．chooseC．warn D．support解析：考查语境推断。根据空前的“weshouldstandtalllikethesunflowerandtheenvironmentwillbeginto”可知，我们应该像向日葵一样顽强，环境才会开始支持我们，此处“支持”指获得良好的生存环境，就像向日葵接触到了阳光一样。support意为“支持”，符合语境。shelter意为“庇护”；choose意为“选择”；warn意为“警告”。故选D。15．A.failures B．advantagesC．problems D．situations解析：考查语境推断。根据空前的“Wewillfindawaytogounderoraroundourbig”可知，生活中遇到的问题就像向日葵上压着的大石头，此处是说我们也可以找到方法去克服或者绕过我们遇到的问题。problem意为“问题”，符合语境。failure意为“失败的事”；advantage意为“优势”；situation意为“情况”。故选C。Ⅱ.阅读理解(2023·广东省深圳市一调)TodayChinaistheworld'sbiggestconsumerofwheat.Butitwasn'talwaysthatway.WheatonlycametotheareanowknownasnorthernChinatowardtheendoftheNeolithicperiod(新石器时代),some4,600yearsago.Initially,wheatdidn'tseemtobesodeliciousandhadbeentreatedasacropofdesperationratherthanacookingdelight.ThefirstfarmersofnorthernChinaprimarilygrewmillet(粟),startingasearlyas11,500yearsago.BythetimeoftheTangDynasty,wheathadreplacedmillet,becomingamajorcrop.Butrelativelylittlewasknownaboutexactlywhythisshiftoccurred.Inanattempttotracktheanswer，Iaccumulated(积累)acollectionofnearly1,200datapointscoveringmorethan50sitesfromthemid-Neolithic,about9,000yearsago,tothecollapseoftheEasternHanDynastyin220A．D..Thesiteswereacross8modernprovinces,rangingfromGansuProvinceinthenorthwesttoShandongProvinceintheeast.Onepossibleexplanationisamajorclimateshift,calledtheHoloceneEvent3,whichhappened3,500to4,300yearsago.Atthattime,theclimatebecamecolderanddrieracrosscontinents,causingdamagetocropproduction.Ontopofthis,thelateNeolithicperiodwasalsoatimeofrapidpopulationgrowtharoundtheworld.Withanever-increasingpopulationandunsteadycropproduction,itisreasonabletoassumethatNeolithicfarmersinnorthernChinawerestruggling.Wheat,asitturnsout,actuallyneedsmorewaterthanmillet,makingitseemapoorchoiceforadryperiodofhistory.Butimportantly,itcanbesowedaftermillethasbeenharvested.That,wethink,isthemostlikelyreasonwhythepeopleacrossnorthernChinastartedtogrowwheat.Frommoreextremeweathertochangingcoastlines,climatechangehasalwaysbroughtunexpectedandsometimesdramaticchangestosocieties.Inthisinstance,theconsequenceoftheHoloceneEvent3innorthernChinaproved,eventually,delicious.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了小麦开始作为中国北方农作物的历史，以及它成为主要农作物的原因。1．WhatcanwelearnaboutwheatfromParagraph2？_B__A．Itreplacedmilletforitsgreattaste.B．Itwasapoorchoiceatthebeginning.C．Itoutnumberedmillet4,600yearsago.D．ItwastheearliestcropgrowninChina.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Initially,wheatdidn'tseemtobesodeliciousandhadbeentreatedasacropofdesperationratherthanacookingdelight.”可知，小麦一开始被看作是“绝望的农作物”，即它是一个糟糕的选择。故选B。2．WhatdothefiguresinParagraph3show？_C__A．Theauthorfoundtheexactanswer.B．Theauthordidworldwideresearch.C．Theauthortooktheresearchseriously.D．Theauthorwasgoodatcollectingdata.解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，作者收集了近1200个数据点，这些数据点涵盖了50多个地点，时间跨度从大约9000年前的新石器时代中期到公元220年东汉王朝的瓦解，在距离上横跨8个现代省份，从西北部的甘肃省到东部的山东省。由此可推断，作者对待这项研究十分认真。故选C。3．WhatwasprobablythemainreasonfornorthernersinChinatogrowwheat？_D__A．Thewatersupplywasenoughthen.B．Theharvestofmilletwasnotsatisfying.C．Itadjustedtotheweatherconditionsbetter.D．Ithadanalternativesowingseasonwithmillet.解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Butimportantly,itcanbesowedaftermillethasbeenharvested.That,wethink,isthemostlikelyreasonwhythepeopleacrossnorthernChinastartedtogrowwheat.”可知，中国北方人种植小麦的主要原因是它有和粟交替的播种季节。故选D。4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext？_B__A．HowWasMilletIntroducedtoChina?B．WhyDidChineseFarmersSwitchtoWheat?C．WhyDidChinaBecometheBiggestWheatConsumer?D．HowWasChina'sWheatGrowthAffectedbyClimateChange?解析：标题归纳题。文章第一段中的“Butitwasn'talwaysthatway.”引出小麦“鲜为人知”的历史，第二段中的“Butrelativelylittlewasknownaboutexactlywhythisshiftoccurred.”则引出后文对小麦成为主要作物的原因的解答。由此可知，文章主要介绍了小麦开始作为农作物的历史以及小麦成为主要农作物的原因。故B项(为什么中国农民转向种植小麦？)最适合作文章标题。故选B。Ⅲ.应用文写作(2023·八省八校联考)假定你是李华，你的外国笔友Joe的家乡遭遇了特大洪涝灾害，他的家受损严重，他本人也受伤了。请你给他写一封信，要点包括：1．安慰和鼓励；2．为他提供帮助(如募捐等)。注意：写作词数应为80左右。DearJoe，____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely，LiHua参考范文：Dear_Joe，I'msosadtoknowthataheavyfloodstruckyourhometowntheotherday.I'mwritingtooffermygenuineconcernandsinceresupport.IknowthatyourhometownhasbeenseverelydestroyedandIdofeelbadaboutyourbeinginjured.Ihopeyoucanrecoversoonandneverloseheart.Don'tforgetIamalwaysreadytohelp.Ihavebeenraisingmoneyandcollectingusefulitemsforyou,whichwillbesenttoyouassoonaspossible.Wishyouallthebest.Andfeelfreetocontactmeifyouneedanymorehelp.Yours_sincerely，Li_HuaⅣ.读后续写(2022·广东省肇庆市二模)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。IwassittingatmydesksurroundedbyNewYeargifts,feelinghappythatIhadmanagedtobuysomehard-to-finditems.ThesewereforKidsNeedMore，acharitableorganizationofferingservicestosociallydisadvantagedchildren.OneofitsmostpopulareventsistheHolidayCheerBus.TheorganizationalwaysfillsthebuseswithdonatedgiftsforthefamiliesontheCheerBusroutes.Eachbusismannedbyateamofvolunteers.Myfamilyhadbeenvolunteersforyears.Ihadalistofthefamiliesonourroute.JustasIwaspackinguptheitemswithmyhusbandandmyson，Ireceivedacallfromthedirectoroftheorganization.SheaskedifIcouldaddafamilytomyroute—herewasayoungmother,Leanne,andherson.IcalledLeanneandtoldherthataHolidayCheerBuswouldbevisitingherfamily.Leanneseemedreallyexcitedandbegantocry.Icomfortedher，“TheHolidayCheerBusisreallygoingtocome.Istheresomethingspecialthatyourchildwouldlike？”“Mysonisthree.AllhewantsisapairofSpider-Mansnowbootssothathecanplayoutsideinthesnow.”Iaskedaboutherson'sshoesize.ShetoldmethesizeandIpromisedIwouldhaveSpider-Mansnowbootsinsize9forherson.AfterIsaidgoodbyeandendedthecall,panicsetin.ItwastwodaysbeforetheHolidayCheerBuswasgoingonitsrun,lessthanaweekbeforeNewYear.IwasgoingtoneedaholidaymiracletofindSpider-Mansnowbootsinsize9.“Wehavetogoshopping！”Icalledouttomyhusbandandson.Theyweresurprisedbutstillwesetoff.Wewenttoafewdepartmentstoresandtheshoedepartments,withoutsuccess.Weweretiredandhungry.Wewerebecomingdisheartened.MysonsuggestedgivingLeanneagiftcardsoshecouldgetthebootsherself.ButIdidn'twanttogiveup.Ipromisedwewouldbringboots.注意：续写词数应为150左右。Atourfinalstop,expectingdefeat,weenteredtheshoedepartment.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Twodayslater,wearrivedattheyoungmom'shome.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________