新思维综合英语2-Unit11

Unit11综合英语（2）Functions/Themes(功能与主题)Greetsomeoneafteralongtime 问候久别的人Catchuponwhatsomeone’sbeendoing 了解某人的近况Discusspossibleplans 讨论可行的计划Imaginesomething 想象（做某事）Expressawishorfantasy 表达愿望或幻想Giveunwantedadvice 给不受欢迎的建议Forms(语法形式)现在完成时与现在完成时行时对比条件句LearningObjectivesARoseislookingforsomeinformationinthelibrarywhensherunsintoMike,afriendofhers.R:Iwaswonderingifyouhadanyinformationontennisrackets(球拍).L:HaveyoutriedlookinginTheConsumerReports

index(索引，指数)?It’sintheDecemberissue(报刊的期、号).

trytodosth；企图做，尽力做--Hetriedtofinishtheworkaheadoftime.他努力想提前完成这项工作。

trydoingsth：试着做（某事）--Iusuallygotherebytrain.

--Whynottrygoingbyboatforachange？虚拟语气，表示礼貌AM:Ithoughtyourvoicesoundedfamiliar.Howhaveyoubeen?R:Fine,Mike.Say,wherehaveyoubeenkeepingyourself?Ihaven’tseenyouatthegym(健身房，体育馆)inages.我刚才就觉得你的声音听起来很熟悉。(用thought强调刚才)Howhaveyoubeen(doing)?从过去分开到现在这段时间里情况怎样Say,wherehaveyoubeenkeepingyourself?=Wherehaveyoubeenlately?你藏到哪里去了？inages（只用在否定句中）=forages/foralongtimeA现在完成进行时，强调“一直没去”。M:Well,Ihaven’tbeengoing.IfIhadmoretimeandifIweren’tsostressedout,I’dgo.我一直没去。如果时间多点，压力不那么大，我本来是会去的。bestressedout=underalotofpressureduetotoomuchwork本句用了与现实事实相反的虚拟语气，意思是：我很想去，但因为压力大工作忙，而没时间去。IfIhadmoretimeandifIweren’tsostressedout,I’dgo.

虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，表示说话人所说的并不是事实，而是一种假设，或实现可能很小的愿望。虚拟条件句可以对过去、现在、或将来进行假设。（记住这样一个原则，把时态向过去推一格。）与现在事实相反的情况，其句型为“if+主语+V-ed（be用were），主语+would/could/might/should+V原形”，例如：--IfIwereyou,Iwouldapplyforthatscholarship.--IwouldcertainlygoifIhadthetime.BM:I’vebeenmeaning

tocallyou,butI’vebeensobusy.Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?R:I’vebeenplayingalotoftennis.I’veevensignedup

forlessons.M:Hey,thissoundsserious(认真的，严肃的).meantodosth=intendtodosth:有意图/计划做某事--Imeanttogorunningthismorning,butIoverslept.meandoingsth.：意味着signupfor：签约;经报名从事…。--signupforeveningclasses报名上夜校Thissoundsserious.=Itsounds(tome)thatyouaretakingthetennislessonsseriously.BR:Howcomeyou’vebeenworkingsohard?

Howcome=what’sthereasonthat…(nonstandard)注意：Howcome后面的句子要用陈述语序。--Howcomehegotthejob?--IfshespentfiveyearsinParis,howcomeshecan’tspeakawordofFrench?M:Well,thingsshouldcalmdownprettysoon.很快就会轻松一些的。

calmdown：ifthingscalmdown,theamountofactivity,trouble,orpanicisreduced（事情）平息，平定--Usuallythewindpicksupatabout11:00andcalmsdowninthelaterafternoon.通常在上午11点左右起风,傍晚风力减弱.GreetsomeoneafteralongtimeA:Rose!Ihaven’tseenyouinages.B:Mike!I’vebeenmeaningtocallyou,butI’vebeensobusy.A:So,howhaveyoubeen?I’vebeenmeaningto…but…getintouchwithyouI’vehadsomuchworkfindouthowyouhavebeenIhaven’thadafreeminuteinviteyouoverIjusthaven’thadachance

现在完成进行时havebeendoing现在完成时havedone同句中含有表示某事一直重复进行的副词或时间短语时，现在完成时和现在完成进行时都可以用。I’vebeenlivinghereforfouryears./I’velivedhereforfouryears.异表示开始于过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态.I’vebeenreadingthisbook.我一直在读这本书。(Ihaven’tfinishedityet.)表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或状态，对现在产生了影响。I’vereadthisbook.我已经读过这本书。(I’vefinishedit.)强调某事一直在进行着或重复着，可能继续下去.

常与always，yet，或never以及表示频率的时间短语等一起连用。I’vealwaysworkedhard.Ihaven’tfoundanewjobyet.I’venevergonetoMexico.

一般来说，当句子中有be，seem,see或hear时，用现在完成时，而不用现在完成进行时.Ihaven’tbeentothegymlately.He’sseemedkindoftenserecently.Imaginesomething/ConditionalSentencesA:IfIhadmoremoney,I’dtravelaroundtheworld.B:Really?IfIhadmoremoney,I’dtrytosaveit.A:IfIhadmoremoney,Iwouldn’twanttowork.B:Really?IfIhadmoremoney,I’dstillwanttowork.Whatwouldyoudoifyou…hadmoremoney?weren’tsobusy?wereyounger?were/weren’tmarried?真实条件句真实条件句真实条件句就是条件状语从句，用于陈述语气。真实条件句中，假设的情况可能发生。真实条件句中的谓语动词一般用一般现在时代替一般将来时，用一般过去式代替过去将来时。例如：--Ifhe

comes,hewillbringhisviolin.--Theysaidtheywouldletusknowifthey

heardanynewsabouthim.--IwillhelpyouassoonasIhavefinishedmyhomework.详解例句时态①如果主句用的是一般将来时，if引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时。②如果主句是祈使句，从句也常用一般现在时。③如果主句含有情态动词，从句一般也用一般现在时。lIwillvisitmygrandmotherifIamfree.Let’sgoshoppingifyouarenotbusy.Youmustbecarefulifyougoswimmingintheriver.语序if引导的条件状语从句可以放在主句前面，常用逗号隔开；也可以放在主句的后面。Ifyoudon’thurry,youwillbelate.=Youwillbelateifyoudon’thurry.转换①“祈使句+and(or)+陈述句”在意义上相当于一个含有条件状语从句的复合句。②“if+否定句”相当