2023新教材高考英语二轮专题复习阅读理解题型分类练八主旨大意题-文章大意类

阅读理解题型分类练(八)主旨大意题——文章大意类A[2022·江西五校高三联考]DadlovedbasketballandhopedthatonedayIwouldplaythegame.Hetaughtmealot,andIwasprettygooduntiltheaccident.Wewereonthehighway.Ourlittlecarspunofftheroad,squealing(发出长而尖的声音)asDadtriedtobringitundercontrol.Theneverythingwassuddenlydark.ThenextthingIrememberedwasbeingtoldIwasn'tgoingtowalkagain.MomandIlearnedtolivewithit.Dadtookithard.“SometimesIthinkheblameshimself，”Momsaid.“Wheneverheseesyouinthewheelchairhewantstoputitoutofhismind.”OnedayMr.Evans,anelderinourneighborhood,askedmeifIwantedtojoinawheelchairbasketballteamhewasstarting.WhenItoldMom,shewasallforit,butDadjustlookedatmeandmumbled(嘟哝)something.Ididn'tknowwhattomakeofDad'sreaction,butIknewIwantedtoplay.IbeganmyfirstpracticeonaFridayafternoon.WhatsurprisedmemostwasthatIfoundDadsittinginthestandandwatchedusgothroughourdrills.Wefinishedourregularpractice,andMr.Evansmotionedformyfathertocomedowntothecourt.“Jim,Ihappentoknowthatyouplayedprobasketball，”Mr.Evanssaid.“Ithinkyoucanshowthekidssomefundamentals.”Dadagreedhewouldliketogiveitatry.Wepracticedthewholesummer.Dadcameeveryday.“Ithoughtyouwereterribleatfirst，”hesaidoneafternoon.“ButIthinkyoucanplaywithMadison(averygoodteenwheelchairbasketballteam)now.”Dadonlycomestopracticeonceinawhilenow,buthecomestothegameswhenthey'reontheweekend.Ididn'twanttopushhimbecauseIlikedhimcomingtopractice,andMomdidn'tmindatall.“Jim,ifyouwereinawheelchair，”sheasked,“doyouthinkyoucouldplayaswellasChris？”DadwasonhislaptopandlookedoverthescreenatMomandmumbledsomething.Ifiguredhewassayingthattherewasnowayhecouldplayaswellasmeinawheelchair,butIdidn'taskhimtorepeatit.1．HowmightJimfeelabouthisson'sdisability?A．Angry.B．Sympathetic.C．Guilty.D．Confused.2．WhatwasJim'sinitialreactiontotheideaofhissonplayingwheelchairbasketball?A．Hewasallforit.B．Hearguedwithhiswife.C．HechosetoconsultMr.Evans.D．Heavoidedgivingadefiniteanswer.3．WhatdidMr.EvansaskJimtodo?A．Helptheteamgetbetter.B．Pickuphisoldhobbies.C．Lifthisson'sspirit.D．Actasajudgefortheteam.4．Whatmessagedoesthetextconvey?A．Experienceisbettergainedthroughpractice.B.Parentslearnalotfromeducatingtheirchildren.C．Childrencannotsucceedwithoutthesupportoftheirfamily.D.Difficultiesinlifecannotblockthepathtoachievingdreams.B[2022·广东省七校高三第二次联考]Whenwewereborn,wewereperfect.Aswegrow,wedevelopmanycomplexitiesduetomanyinfluencesinourlives.Ourbraincollectsandsavesallkindsofinformationfromthemomentwewereborn.Apartfromourbrainhavingmemory,cellsinourbodyhavetheirownmemory,meaningthatourbodystoresmemories,bothphysiologicallyandpsychologically.Wearecomplexemotionalbeingsinnaturecomparedwithanyotherlivingthing.Apparently,physiologicalandpsychologicalmemoriesstronglyinfluenceouremotions!Interestingly,wecancreate,storeandreleaseemotionslikeenergy.Moreover,ifwedonotprocessournegativeemotionsproperlyandsuppress(压制)themforalongtime,theycanfindawayoutviolentlyandunexpectedly.Unfortunately,wecarryourguiltthroughoutourlivesputtingtheever­increasingburdenonourshoulders.Bothguiltandangerareuselessforus.Therefore,onemayask:Isthereawaytoputdowntheburdenfromourshoulders?Itispossible,indeed.Importantly,sinceourguiltandangerinsideusareneitherreleasednorgivenattentionto,theyarestored.Actually,weshouldtakeactiontoaddressournegativeemotionsinordertoremovethemfromoursystem.Wecannotjustwishthemaway.Infact,byacknowledgingtheirpresenceandprovidingachannelforthem,wecandissolveouremotionsgradually.Isthereabetterwaytounloadourburden?Luckily,wehaveanaturalgiftforprocessingourfeelingsandemotions—forgiveness.Indeed,forgivingourselvesisagreatwaytodissolvenegativeemotions.Ofcourse,weshouldalsolearntoreadilyforgiveothers,andwhenwelearntoforgiveourselves,wealsonaturallyforgiveothers.Insummary,itisnogoodcarryingouryearsofemotionalbaggage.Byforgiving,wecanthrowawaytheemotionalbaggagewecarryforyears.Forgiveyourpastmistakes.Themomentyoustartforgiving,youwillfeelrelievedandyearsofheavinesswillliftmagically!5．Whatcanweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A．Humanbeingsarebornwithcomplexities.B．Ourbodyhastheabilitytomemorizeinformation.C.Ourbraincancollectandretainallinformation.D.Notalltheotherlivingthingshavecomplexemotionslikehumanbeings.6．Whydosomepeoplerelievethemselvesfromnegativeemotionsviolently?A．Humanbeingsarecomplexemotionalbeingsinnature.B．Physiologicalandpsychologicalmemoriesstronglyaffecttheiremotions.C．Bademotionsareinsidethemfortoolongandaredealtwithincorrectly.D．Theirbodystoresbothphysiologicalandpsychologicalmemories.7．Whichofthefollowingstatementsmaytheauthoragreewith?A．Drinksomewineandyoumayfeelrelieved.B.Thereisawaytodissolveyourguiltonlyifyouhavethewish.C．Trytoreleaseyourangerandguilt,ortheywillbestoredinside.D．Everycoinhastwosides,whichistrueofourguiltandanger.8．What'sthemainideaofthispassage?A．Learningtoforgivehelpspeopleunloadtheirpsychologicalburden.B．Forgivingisthebestwayforpeopletodissolvenegativeemotions.C．Forgivingourselvesisthefirststepofforgivingothers.D．Beingenergeticandoptimisticleadstoahappierlife.C[2022·河南省高三高考适应性测试]Theyogurtthat'spastitssell­bydate.Thebananainyourlunchthatturnedbrown.Theleftoversinthefridgethatyouforgottoeat.Formostpeople,allthatfoodgoesrightintothegarbagecan.Eighttotenpercentofglobalgreenhousegasemissions(排放物)arerelatedtofoodwaste,accordingtoareportbytheUN'sIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange.“Whenyouthrowawayaneggorasandwich，”saysYvetteCabrera,foodwastedirectorattheNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncil(NRDC)，“you'realsothrowingawayalltheresourcesthatwentintoproducingthosethings.”Theyincludenotonlyallthewater,land,andfertilizer(肥料)thatwentintoproducingthatfood,butalsothemassiveamountsoffossilfuelsusedtopowerthefarms,transportthefood,andcreatethepackaging.Thenthere'stheissueofwhathappenstofoodafterit'sthrownout.MorefoodendsupinU．S.landfillsthananyothertypeoftrash.Foodrottinginlandfillsproducesmethane(甲烷),agreenhousegasthat'sroughly25timesmorepowerfulattrappingheatintheatmospherethancarbondioxide,whichisproducedbyburningfossilfuels.Foodwasteisadifficultproblemtosolve,though,inpartbecauseithappensfordifferentreasonsdependingonthecountry.Indevelopingnations,40percentoffoodislostbeforeiteverreachespeople'shomes,becausemanyofthosecountrieslackthetechnologyandtoolstopreservefood.It'sanotherstoryinwealthiercountries,wheremostofthefoodiswastedinpeople'skitchens.Americans,forexample,throwoutaquarteroftheirgrocerieseachyear,onaverage,accordingtotheNRDC.That'slikegoingtothegrocerystore,leavingwithfourbagsofgroceries,andthenthrowingoneofthemintothegarbagebeforeyougethome.9．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Theproblemoffoodwaste.B．Theawarenessoffoodsaving.C．Thenecessityoffooddiversity.D．Thewaysoffoodpreservation.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”inParagraph3referto?A．Theleftoversinthefridge.B．Thepackagingmaterialsofproducts.C．Thethrowneggsorsandwiches.D．Theresourcestoproducefood.11．WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph4?A．Provideapersuasiveexample.B．Addmorebackgroundinformation.C．Discussamoreseriousconsequence.D．Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.12．Inwhatstagedoesfoodwastemainlyhappenindevelopedcountries?A．Storage.B．Transportation.C．Processing.D．Consumption.阅读理解题型分类练(八)A语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我——做人与做事——坐着轮椅打篮球【语篇解读】作者在一次事故中双腿受伤，不能再行走，不得不坐轮椅生活。在一位社区长辈的邀请下，作者参加了轮椅篮球队。作者的父亲曾是职业篮球选手，在他的训练和作者的努力下，作者的篮球技能有了很大提高，作者终于能坐着轮椅打篮球甚至参加比赛了。1．答案与解析：C推断。根据第二段中母亲所说的话可知，母亲感觉到父亲很自责，想忘掉这件事情。据此可以推知，对于儿子的残疾，父亲感到很内疚，故C项正确。2．答案与解析：D理解具体信息。根据第三段最后两句中的“WhenItoldMom...Dad'sreaction”可知，与母亲完全赞同的反应相反，父亲只是看着作者，嘴里嘟哝着什么。据此可知，对于作者参加轮椅篮球队的想法，父亲没有给出明确的态度。故D项正确。3．答案与解析：A推断。根据第五段Evans先生所说的话，再结合下文介绍的父亲训练轮椅篮球队可知，Evans先生邀请父亲培训轮椅篮球队队员，是为了让队伍更好，故A项正确。4．答案与解析：D理解文章主旨要义。通读全文可知，文中主要讲述了作者在一次事故中双腿受伤，不能再行走，不得不坐轮椅生活。在一位社区长辈的邀请下，他参加了轮椅篮球队；父亲曾是职业篮球选手，在他的训练下，作者终于能坐着轮椅打篮球甚至参加比赛了。据此可知，D项“生活中的困难无法阻挡实现梦想的道路”符合本文主旨。B语篇类型：议论文主题语境：人与自我——做人与做事——学会原谅【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了负面情绪会让人们身心负担过重，而学会原谅会释放这些压力。5．答案与解析：B理解具体信息。根据第一段中的“cellsinourbody...ourbodystoresme