文档现在完成时

现在完成时定义：表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调对现在造成的影想或结果）例：Thecarhasarrived.车子来了。（结果：车子已在门口）Someonehasbrokenthewindow.有人把窗户打破了。（结果：窗户仍破着）表示过去已经开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态，甚至有可能继续延续下去。可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词howlong等。这时表示持续动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词。Myunclehasworkedatthisfactoryforfiveyears.我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。Mr.BlackhaslivedinChinasince2002.自从2002年Mr.Black一直住在中国。Howlonghaveyoubeenhere?你来这里多久了？现在完成时的构成：pastpresentfuture肯定式：主语+助动词have/has+动词的过去分词.疑问式：助动词Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词?否定式:主语+助动词have/has+not+动词的过去分词.例句：Hashegonetothelibrary?他是去了图书馆吗？Yes,hehas.是的，是去那里了。

No,hehasn’t.不，他没去那里。HowlonghasMrsSmithbeeninBeijing？

Smith夫人来北京多长时间了？用法：表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。--It’ssodark.--Someonehasturnedoffthelight.(有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑)--Areyoufree?--Ihavefinishedmyhomework.Iamfree.(我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空)表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态.IhavelearntEnglishformorethantenyears.我已经学了10多年的英语。(从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学)Shehasswumsincehalfanhourago.我已经游泳了半个小时。(半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游)3.经验性用法:表示从过去开始到目前为止这段时间中反复发生的动作或多次出现的状态。常与频度副词如often,always,everyweek,twice等连用。IhavebeentotheSummerPalacetwice.

我曾经去过颐和园两次。

Hehasalwayssaidso.他总是这么说.现在完成时的标志词：(一)当句中有never(从来没有),ever(曾经),just(刚刚),already(肯定),yet(否定),before(以前)，recently(近来)，sofar(到目前为止)，inthepast/lastfewYears(在过去几年里)等时，常用现在完成时。a）already往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气；yet用于否定句和疑问句。Hehasalreadylefthere.

他已经离开这里了。Hashealreadylefthere?

他（真的）已经离开这里了吗？（表示加强语气）Myteachershaven’thadbreakfastyet.

我的老师们还没有吃早饭。Haveyouwrittentoyourparentsyet?

你已经给你父母写过信了吗？b）never是否定词，表示“从来没有”，而ever表示“曾经”WehaveneverbeentotheGreatWall.

我们从来没有去过长城。HaveyoueverbeentoCanada?

现在完成时历年中考真题一

.has

gone

to,

has

been

to,

has

been

in

的区别

1

(11黑龙江绥化)--

Where

is

Bob?

--

He

_____

to

Harbin

for

a

meeting.

A

went

B

has

been

C

has

gone

2

(11南宁)She

isn’t

at

the

cinema

now

because

she

the

library.

has

been

to

B.

have

been

to

C.

have

gone

to

D.

has

gone

to

3

(11烟台)—I

think

the

man

over

there

must

be

Bob.

--

It_______

be

him.

He

has______

to

Australia.

can’t,

gone

B.

can’t,

been

C.

may

not,

been

D.

mustn't,

gone

4【2011江苏徐州】—

Are

you

going

to

the

bank,

Laura?

—No,

I

______

to

the

bank

already.

A.

have

been

B.

have

gone

C.

am

going

D.

had

been

5【2011呼和浩特】----Oh,

you

are

here.

I'm

looking

for

you

all

the

morning.______?

----To

the

library.

A.

Where

have

you

gone

B.

Where

will

you

go

C.

Where

are

you

going

D.

Where

have

you

been?

6【2011四川雅安】

They

_____

England

and

they

will

be

back

next

week.

A.

have

gone

to

B.

have

been

to

D.

has

been

on

7【2011辽宁本溪】—Is

Mr.

Smith

still

in

Shanghai?

—Yes,

he

______

there

for

two

months.

has

been

B.

has

gone

C.

has

been

to

D.

has

gone

to

8【2011江苏泰州】—How

well

do

you

know

the

Opera

House?

—I

know

the

place

very

well.

I

____

Sydney

many

times.

have

been

in

B.

have

been

to

C.

have

gone

to

D.

have

arrived

in

二

.A

现在完成时

看关键词选答案

常见关键词有since+时间点、

for+时间段、already,

yet,

so

far,

once,

twice,

many

times等

1【2011贵州毕节】I_____

many

new

friends

since

I

came

here．

A．make

B．made

C．will

make

D．have

made

2【2011福建莆田】Mrs.

Wang

came

back

from

France

in

2010.

She

_____

there

for

four

years.

A.

works

B.

worked

C.

has

worked

3【2011北京】My

aunt

is

a

writer.

She

____

more

than

ten

books

since

1980.

writes

B.

wrote

C.

has

written

D.

will

write

4

(11河南)—Excuse

me,

where

is

Mr.

Brown’s

office?

—Sorry,

I

don’t

know.

I

______

here

for

only

a

few

days.

A.

work

B.

worked

C.

have

worked

D.

will

work

5

(11泉州)—Dad,

I

______station

for

30

minutes.

But

nobody

came

to

meet

me.—

Don’t

worry.

I

will

go

to

meet

you

soon.

A.

arrived

at

B.

have

been

at

C.

will

reach

6

(11陕西)Some

students

in

Shanghai______e-bags

for

several

months.

A.

have

B.

have

had

C.

had

D.

will

have

B

现在完成时

没有关键词，根据句义判断，即过去发生的动作对现在产生了影响。

1【2011河北省】I______my

homework.

I

guess

I

can't

join

you.

don't

finish

B.

didn't

finish

C.

haven't

finished

D.

won't

finish

2【2011重庆江津】A:

How

clean

the

bedroom

is!

B:

Yes,

I

am

sure

that

someone

______

it.

A.

cleans

B.

cleaned

C.

has

cleaned

D.

had

cleaned

3

【2011广西贵港】

My

pen

pal

said

he

would

write

to

me,

but

I

___

any

letters

from

him

so

far.

A.

won’t

receive

B.

haven’t

received

C.

hadn’t

received

D.

didn’t

receive

4【2011广西贺州】Our

country

______the

sixth

population

census(人口普查)

already.

A.

finished

B.

has

finished

C.

will

finish

D.

finishes

5【2011湖北襄阳】----

Why

won’t

you

go

to

the

movie

with

me,

Gina?

----

Because

I

______

it

twice.

A.

see

B.

have

seen

C.

saw

D.

will

see

C

现在完成时

瞬间动词变延续性动词，如join—be

in,

begin—be

on,

leave—be

away,

borrow—keep,

buy—have,

marry—be

married等

1【2011四川雅安】She

_______

this

book

for

nearly

three

weeks.

A.

has

borrowed

B.

has

lent

C.

has

bought

D.

has

kept

2【2011广东清远】Echo

_____

for

half

a

month.

She'll

come

hack

in

two

months.

A.

left

B

leave

C.

has

left

D.

has

been

away

3【2011贵州遵义】Thomas

______

the

army

for

two

years,

so

he

misses

his

mother

very

much.

A.

has

joined

B.

has

taken

part

in

C.

has

been

in

4【2011重庆】I

______my

hometown

for

a

long

time.

I

really

miss

it!

A.

left

B.

went

away

from

C.

have

left

D.

have

been

away

from

5【2011江苏淮安】British

Prince

William(威廉王子)

and

Kate

_____

for

nearly

two

months.

A.

married

B.

have

married

C.

have

been

married

D.

have

got

married

6【2011广东肇庆】You

are

too

late.

The

film

______

since

half

an

hour

ago.

A.

has

begun

B.

has

been

on

C.

began

7【2011四川达州】—

Do

you

know

Lucy’s

grandma?

—Of

course.

She

is

a

kind

woman,

but

she

has_______

for

about

a

month

since

she

__

in

the

accident.

been

dead;

was

killed

B.

died;

was

killed

C.

been

dead;

killed

D.

died;killedD

现在完成时被动结构

1【2011四川资阳】So

far

this

year,

many

new

houses

________

in

Wenchuan

with

the

help

of

the

government.

A.

build

B.

are

built

C.

will

build

D.

have

been

built

2【2011广西柳州】Half

of

the

work

______

by

now.

A.

has

finished

B.

has

been

finished

C.

have

been

finished

3【2011海南张家界】The

news

_______

to

the

public

yet.

Only

a

few

people

know.

A.

hasn’t

told

B.

has

been

told

C.

hasn’t

been

told

4（2010南京中考）—Can

you

sing

this

English

song?

--Of

course,

I

can.

It

______many

times

on

the

radio.

A.

taught

B.

has

taught

C.

is

taught

D.

has

been

taught综合小检测1.Myauntisawriter.She______morethantenbookssince1980.A.writesB.wroteC.haswrittenD.willwrite2.Mygrandmother_______alotofchangesinTianjinsinceshecamehere.A.seesB.canseeC.willseeD.hasseen3.SomestudentsinShanghai_________e-bagsforseveralmonths.A.haveB.havehadC.hadD.willhave4.--I'venotfinishedmyprojectyet.--Hurryup!Ourfriends____________forus.(2011江苏南京,12)A.havewaitedB.waitC.waitingD.arewaiting5.ThelasttimeI________tothecinemawastwoyearsago.(2011浙江杭州,21)A.goB.havegoneC.havebeenD.went6.--HaveyoueverbeentoShanghai?--Yes.I_________thereafewmonthago.A.havebeenB.wentC.havegoneD.been7.--WouldyouliketogoandseeAvatarwithmetonight?--Thankyouverymuch,butI_______italready.(2010天津,43)A.seeB.willseeC.haveseenD.amseeing8.Tinaandherparents_______toEnglandforsightseeinglastsummer.(2010上海,40)A.goB.wentC.willgoD.havegone9.TheHarrypotterbooks_________prettypopularsincetheywerepublished.A.becomeB.willbecomeC.havebecomeD.arebecoming10.MissGaoisn'there.She________tothebusstationtomeetMr.Brown.A.goB.hasgoneC.hasbeenD.wouldgo11.Whynotcomeoverattheweekend?Myfamily________seeingyouagain.A.enjoyedB.wouldenjoyC.willenjoyD.haveenjoyed12.Sam_________ChinesesincehecametoChina.HespeaksgoodChinesenow.A.learnsB.learnedC.haslearnedD.willlearn13.--When____yourmother______youthatbluedress,Mary?--Sorry,Ireallycan'tremember.A.does;buyB.has;boughtC.had;boughtD.did;buy14.--HowlonghaveMr.andMrs.Smith________?--Formorethantwentyyears.A.marriedB.hadmarriedC.gotmarriedD.beenmarried15.--TheTVshowHomeWithkidsissowonderful.Youshouldn'tmissit.--IfIhavetime,I_____it.A.seeB.sawC.willseeD.haveseen16.--IsthatMr.Greenspeaking?--Sorry,heisn’tin.He______________abroadonbusinesslastweek.(2011上海)A.goB.wentC.willgoD.hasgone17.–Theysaythereisanewrestaurantnearhere.–Yes,andit