四川省雅安市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末检测英语试题（ 含答案解析 ）

雅安市2022—2023学年下期期末检测高中二年级英语试题本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共10页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。4.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。第I卷(选择题共100分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoesthemanplantogothisyear?A.Europe.B.Asia.C.SouthAmerica.2.Whenwillthespeakersgetthere?A.At9:45am.B.At9:30am.C.At9:15am.3.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shewantstogoswimming.B.Sheisbusywithherproject.C.Shewillhaveatesttomorrow.4.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Getasparekey.B.Borrowsomebooks.C.Helphisneighbor.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Shopassistantandcustomer.C.Repairmanandhouseowner.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时问阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时问。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Bookaroom.B.Cancelabooking.C.Changeabooking.7.WhendidRobinsonplantocheckout?A.OnJanuary7th.B.OnJanuary14th.C.OnJanuary21st.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatkindofdancedoesthemanlove?A.Ballet.B.Latindance.C.Streetdance.9.Whatisthewomanmostprobably?A.Aneditress.B.Adancer.C.Ahostess.10.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Takepartinthehottestcompetition.B.Interviewsomestreetdancers.C.Learntodancefromthebestdancers.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whydidthewomantravelaroundtheworldinahelicopter?A.Togosightseeing.B.Toraisemoney.C.Tolearntofly.12.WhydidthewomanspendtwodaysinThailand?A.Togetwater.B.Tostoptocamp.C.Tosolveanengineproblem.13.Whatdidthewomansayaboutthetrip?A.Itwasworthwhile.B.Itwasfullofdanger.C.Itcostthemmuchmoney.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatistheproblemwiththewoman’swatch?A.Itneedsanewbattery.B.Itisruinedbywater.C.Itneedscleaning.15.Whatdoesthestoreofferifonechangesabatterythere?A.Anextrabattery.B.Aone-yearguarantee.C.Freecleaningservice.16.Whycan’tthewomangetherwatchbackrightaway?A.Thestorewillclosesoon.B.Shehasn’tgotenoughmoney.C.Themanisverybusynow.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whendoesthevolleyballclubmeet?A.OnThursdayevening.B.OnSundaymorning.C.OnSundayevening.18.Atwhattimedoesthemeetingfinish?A.7:30.B.9:30C.10:00.19.Whatisthef30usedfor?A.Heating.B.Hallrental.C.Sweaters.20.Whydoesthespeakerleavethismessage?A.Toarrangeaweeklymeeting.B.Torecommendasportsprogramme.C.ToanswerMarcoTaylor’squestions.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWhetheryou’reinhighschoolorcollege,therearemanyopportunitiesatparksandofficesacrossthecountrytodonateyourtimeandservices.Thefollowingaresomevolunteeropportunitiesthatyoucouldtakeup.InterpretationLanguageTranslator,MandarinandCantoneseTime:4/25/2023—8/31/2023Address:GoldenGateNationalRecreationArea,SanFrancisco,California.Description:WeareseekingthehelpofanativeChinesetranslator/speakertohelptranslatesignsatourPointBonitalighthousetotraditionalChineseforCantoneseandMandarinspeakingvisitorstoourpark.VolunteerswillbeworkingfromaGoogleDocumentprovidedbythevolunteersupervisorwiththeassociatedEnglishtext.Qualifications:Patience;Organized;Attentiontodetail;AdvancedwrittenandspokenproficiencyinEnglish,Mandarin,andCantonese;AccesstoComputerandcomputersoftware.MarkTwainLakeM.W.BoudreauxMemorialVisitorCenterAttendantTime:4/1/2023—10/1/2023Address:MarkTwainLake,HighwayJMonroeCity,MissouriDescription:Lookingforoutgoingindividualswithprofessionalattitudetogreetvisitors,providecustomerservice,answerphones,issueAnnualPassesandassistwithasmallbookstore/naturestoretasks.Qualifications:Outgoingpersonality;professionalattitude;goodcommunicationskills;basiccomputerskills;willingtoworkwithteam.WildWednesdayAssistantTime:6/1/2023—8/31/2023Address:TamaracNationalWildlifeRefuge,CountyHighway26,Rochert,MinnesotaDescription:ThepurposeoftheWildlifeWednesdayprogramistoenhanceayoungchild’svisittotherefugethroughaone-hourhands-onnatureexplorationactivityduringthesummerseason.Theactivityconsistsofastory,craft,hikeorthemovementactivitywhichmayincorporatedanceandmusic.Qualifications:goodinterpersonalcommunicationandcomputerskills;passionateaboutconnectingyoungchildrentonature;basicknowledgeandunderstandingofecology,wildlifeandplants.Pleaseclicktolearnmoreaboutcurrentopportunitiesnearyou.1.WhatdovolunteersatMarkTwainLakeneedtodo?A.Tellstoriesaboutwildlifeprotectiontochildren.B.TranslatesignsfromEnglishtoChinese.C.Greetvisitors,providecustomerserviceandanswerphones.D.Attendthemovementactivityincorporatingdanceandmusic.2.Whatdothethreevoluntaryjobshaveincommon?A.Computerskillsareneeded.B.TheyarealllocatedinCalifornia.C.VolunteerscanworkfromApriltoOctober.D.Volunteersoughttogotothoseplacesinperson.3.Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Inatravelbrochure. B.Onthewebsite.C.Inamagazine. D.Inanewspaper.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍一些高中生和大学生都可以参加的志愿者活动。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据MarkTwainLakeM.W.BoudreauxMemorialVisitorCenterAttendant中的“Description:Lookingforoutgoingindividualswithprofessionalattitudetogreetvisitors,providecustomerservice,answerphones,issueAnnualPassesandassistwithasmallbookstore/naturestoretasks.(工作描述：寻找性格外向、态度专业的人员迎接访客，提供客户服务，接听电话，发放年卡，并协助完成小型书店/自然商店的任务。)”可知，马克·吐温湖的志愿者需要迎接访客，提供客户服务和接听电话。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据InterpretationLanguageTranslator,MandarinandCantonese中的“AccesstoComputerandcomputersoftware.(使用计算机和计算机软件。)”、MarkTwainLakeM.W.BoudreauxMemorialVisitorCenterAttendant中的“basiccomputerskills;(基本的计算机操作技能；)”和WildWednesdayAssistant中的“goodinterpersonalcommunicationandcomputerskills;(良好的人际沟通能力和计算机操作能力；)”可知，这三种志愿工作共同之处在于都需要计算机技能。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“PleaseclickVtolearnmoreaboutcurrentopportunitiesnearyou.(请点击V了解更多你身边的机会。)”可推断，在网站上可以找到这篇文章。故选B。BRichardBrowninghasbeenattractedbyflighteversincehisfathertookhimintothehillstoflygliders(滑翔机).Hehascertainlybeenanadventurer.Richardtookituponhimselftodevelophisownjetsuitandbegantoexperimentwithsomeofhisfriends.Hemadequickprogress.In2017,hefeltconfidentenoughtostartacompanycalledGravityIndustriesthatcouldmakejetsuits.Ittook15monthstodeveloptheveryfirstone.Fiveverysmalljetenginesarebuiltintothejetsuit.Thesearepoweredbykerosene(煤油).Twoenginesarelocatedonthepilot’sarmsandoneisplacedontheback.Eachengineweighslessthantwokilosandcanproduce22kilosofthrust(推力).Thepilotisabletocontrolthedirectionandspeedoftheflight.Hedoesthisbysmallmovementsofthearmswhichrequirehoursofpractice.Onewrongmoveandyoucouldendupfallingtotheground.Richardisnotonlyinchargeofhiscompany;heisalsothechieftestpilot.Hehasspenthoursandhoursperfectingthecorrectmovestocreateaperfectflight.HewasabletoentertheGuinnessBookofWorldRecordsin2017whenhebecamethefastestmaninajetsuitandflewat51kilometresperhour.Sincethen,hehaspresentedhisjetsuitat60eventsin20differentcountriesaroundtheworld.Morerecently,heflewalongsideBrightonPieronthesouthcoastofEnglandat136kilometresperhour!TheobjectiveofRichard’scompanyhasbeentobuildasuitwhichmembersofthepubliccanbuy.Thefirstwentonsaleinadepartmentstorein2018forf340,000.Ifyouwanttojetaroundyourownhometown,it’stimetostartsaving—ortoworkforRichardBrowning.4WhatdoweknowaboutRichard?A.Hewasabsorbedinflight. B.Heisnostrangertomisfortune.C.Heisslowinmakinguphismind. D.Hestartedhiscompanywithhisfather.5.WhatcanbeinferredaboutRichard’sjetsuit?A.Itiseasytocontrol. B.Itisquitelightweight.C.Itconsistsoftwoengines. D.Itleadstheworldinitsfield.6.WhatdoesRichardexpectofthejetsuitaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.It’llbemuchfaster. B.It’llsavemoreenergy.C.It’llreachordinarycustomerssoon. D.It’lleasehishometown’sheavytraffic.7.WhatcanwelearnfromRichard’sstory?A.Beinggoodisdifferentfrombeinggreat.B.Hewhomakesnomistakesmakesnothing.C.Onecannotsucceedwithouttimeandpractice.D.Luck,talentandfriendshiphelptoachievesuccess.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.C【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了热爱飞行的理查德通过坚持不懈的实验最后成功开发该领域处于世界领先地位的飞行服。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“RichardBrowninghasbeenattractedbyflighteversincehisfathertookhimintothehillstoflygliders(滑翔机)（自从理查德·勃朗宁的父亲带他到山上驾驶滑翔机以来，他就被飞行所吸引。）”可知，他被飞行吸引。故选A项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“In2017,hefeltconfidentenoughtostartacompanycalledGravityIndustriesthatcouldmakejetsuits.Ittook15monthstodeveloptheveryfirstone.（2017年，他有足够的信心创办了一家名为重力工业的公司，可以制造喷气式飞机服。我们花了15个月才开发出第一个。）”；第二段“Fiveverysmalljetenginesarebuiltintothejetsuit.Thesearepoweredbykerosene.Twoenginesarelocatedonthepilot’sarmsandoneisplacedontheback.Eachengineweighslessthantwokilosandcanproduce22kilosofthrust.（这套喷气服内置了五个非常小的喷气发动机。这些是由煤油提供动力的。两台发动机位于飞行员的手臂上，一台位于背部。每台发动机重量不到两公斤，可产生22公斤的推力。）”；第三段“Thepilotisabletocontrolthedirectionandspeedoftheflight.（飞行员能够控制飞行的方向和速度。）”以及倒数第二段“HewasabletoentertheGuinnessBookofWorldRecordsin2017whenhebecamethefastestmaninajetsuitandflewat51kilometresperhour.（2017年，他以每小时51公里的速度成为世界上最快的喷气式飞机驾驶员，从而进入了吉尼斯世界纪录。）”可知，理查德的飞行服的性能非常先进，在该领域处于世界领先地位。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“TheobjectiveofRichard’scompanyhasbeentobuildasuitwhichmembersofthepubliccanbuy.Thefirstwentonsaleinadepartmentstorein2018forf340,000.（理查德公司的目标是制造一种公众可以购买的飞行服。第一件于2018年在一家百货公司上市，售价34万法郎。）”可知，普通消费者很快就能买到。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。第一段中“In2017,hefeltconfidentenoughtostartacompanycalledGravityIndustriesthatcouldmakejetsuits.Ittook15monthstodeveloptheveryfirstone.（2017年，他有足够的信心创办了一家名为重力工业的公司，可以制造喷气式飞机服。我们花了15个月才开发出第一个。）”以及倒数第二段“Richardisnotonlyinchargeofhiscompany;heisalsothechieftestpilot.Hehasspenthoursandhoursperfectingthecorrectmovestocreateaperfectflight.HewasabletoentertheGuinnessBookofWorldRecordsin2017whenhebecamethefastestmaninajetsuitandflewat51kilometresperhour.（理查德不仅负责他的公司；他还是首席试飞员。他花了好几个小时来完善正确的动作，创造出完美的飞行。2017年，他以每小时51公里的速度成为世界上最快的喷气式飞机驾驶员，从而进入了吉尼斯世界纪录。）”可知，文章主要讲述了热爱飞行的理查德通过坚持不懈的实验最后成功开发该领域处于世界领先地位的飞行服。出我们从理查德的故事中学到：没有时间和实践，一个人不可能成功。故选C项。CTodaydifferentonlineexerciseprogramsarechallengingtheconceptoftraditionalfitnessmodels.Gymsandhealthclubsarenolongerlimitedto"thefourwalls".Digitalextensionsoftraditionalfitnessareappearing,andtoreachasmanypeopleaspossible,thefitnessindustryisexpandingitsboundariesthroughvirtual（虚拟的）fitnessandacceptingthelatestscientificfindingsandtechnologicaladvancementsinhealthtechnology.Exergames（运动游戏）areacombinationofphysicalexerciseanddigitalgames.Nowfunandfitnessarecombinedinvariousdigitalgamingproducts,likeWiiFitPlus,FitnessEvolved,andKinectSports.What'smore,healthtechnologyisoftenbuiltusingprinciplesofneuroscience,asciencefocusedonstudyingthebrain.FitnessEvolved,forexample,focusesonstressandhowyoureacttodifferentstressors.Thisprogramhelpsyoufeellessthreatenedbytargetingyourspecificstressorsandthenadjustingbasedonyourinteractionwiththeapp.Nowtherearealotofsmartexergames,oneofwhichisBunAlong.Thisonlinevideoplatformcombinestheadvantagesofhavingahumaninstructorwiththeperksofpracticinginthecomfortofyourownhome.Theplatformletsusersconnectwithwhoevermakesthemfeelmostmotivated-theirfavoritegyminstructors,orfriendswhomightbelivingontheoppositesideofthecountry.Awidevarietyofprogramsareofferedthroughtheplatform,aswellasdifferenteffortlevels,soeveryonecanfindsomethingthatsuitstheirleveloffitness.AnotherexampleisZwift,anonlinemultiplayervideogamebasedonindoorcycling.Itallowsyoutojoinanonlinecyclinggroupthatincludesmembersfromover150countries.BitGymisalsoasmartvirtualfitnessapp.Asyoutrain,you'regivenbeautifulvirtualscenerytolookat,completewithnaturalsoundsandlocation-specificfacts.Forthisapp,allyouneedtodoisplaceyoursmartphoneortabletonyoursportsmachine.8.WhatisthepurposeofmentioningFitnessEvolvedinParagraph2?A.Toshowhowhealthtechnologyisbuilt. B.Toexplainwhatexergamesactuallyare.C.Toprovethepopularityofdigitalproducts. D.Togiveaskillofmanagingstressinsports.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"perks"inParagraph3probablymean?A.Ways. B.Benefits. C.Chances. D.Problems.10.Inwhichexergameareyouexposedtovirtualnaturalbeauty?A.KinectSports. B.BurnAlong. C.Zwift. D.BitGym.11.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofexergameproducts?ATheyarethebestinimprovinghealth. B.Theycostusersagreatdealofmoney.C.Theybringcertainconveniencetousers. D.Theysuitpeopleofvariousagegroups.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了运动游戏体育锻炼和数字游戏的结合。现在，各种数字游戏产品结合了娱乐和健身功能，运动游戏的产生给用户带来了一定的便利。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“healthtechnologyisoftenbuiltusingprinciplesofneuroscience,asciencefocusedonstudyingthebrain.（健康技术通常是利用神经科学的原理建立起来的，神经科学是一门专注于研究大脑的科学）”可知，提到健康的目的是展示健康技术是如何建立的。故选A。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段“Theplatformletsusersconnectwithwhoevermakesthemfeelmostmotivated-theirfavoritegyminstructors,orfriendswhomightbelivingontheoppositesideofthecountry.（这个平台可以让用户与任何让他们感到最有动力的人联系——他们最喜欢的健身教练，或者可能生活在美国另一边的朋友）”这是这个平台的优势，能给人带来好处。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“BitGymisalsoasmartvirtualfitnessapp.Asyoutrain,you'regivenbeautifulvirtualscenerytolookat（BitGym也是一款智能虚拟健身应用程序。当你训练时，你会看到美丽的虚拟风景）”可知能够接触到了虚拟的自然美是BitGym这款运动游戏。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Awidevarietyofprogramsareofferedthroughtheplatform,aswellasdifferenteffortlevels,soeveryonecanfindsomethingthatsuitstheirleveloffitness.（该平台提供了各种各样的项目，以及不同的努力水平，因此每个人都可以找到适合自己健康水平的东西）”可知作者认为运动游戏的产生给用户带来了一定的便利。故选C。DItispresentlyharvestseasonforChristianNachtWey,whooperatesanapplefarm,ororchard,inthewesternGermantownofGelsdorf.Besidesapples,NachtWey’sfarmalsoproducesasecondharvest:electricity.Manyofthefarm’streesgrowundersolarpanels(太阳能电池板)thathavebeenproducingpowerduringthisyear’sunusuallysunnysummer.PuttingsolarequipmentonthesamelandascropsisbecomingincreasinglypopularinEuropeandNorthAmerica.Farmersarefindingthatthismethodcanmakethemostoftheirland,whilecreatingasecondwaytoearnmoney.Butgettingtherightmixofcropandsolarisdifficult.Mostfruitrequiresspecificgrowingconditions.Evensmallchangesintheenvironmentcanharmcropsandcausemoneylosses.Evenifthefruitsurvives,itmightturnthewrongcolororbelesssweetandmaybedifficulttosell.Forthesereasons,NachtWeyisworkingwithresearcherstotestwhichkindsofapplesdowellunderasolarcover.Fortestingpurposes,NachtWeycoveredsomeofhistreeswithatraditionalnettingmaterial.Itisnormallyusedtoprotectsensitivecropsfromseriousweatherevents.JuergenZimmerisanexpertwiththearea’sagriculturalservicesdepartment.HetoldtheAPthatapplesgrownunderthesolarcoverswerealittlelesssweetthisyearthanthoseunderthenets.Butalmostnosolar-shadedapplesgotdamagedinthestrongsunlightthathittheareaonJuly24.Inthenon-shadedgroup,about18percentofapplessufferedsundamagethatday,Zimmersaid.Researchershopethetestswillshowthatfruitcropsperformwellundersolarpanels.Thiscouldhelppreventrenewableenergyproductionfromcompetingforvaluableagriculturalland.Thatcompetitionhasbecomeanincreasingquestionastheneedforrenewableenergyincreasestofightclimatechangeandrisingfoodprices.12.WhatdoestheauthortrytotellusinParagraph2?A.Themethodofthetest. B.Thedisadvantageofsolarpanels.C.Theimportanceofsolarpanels. D.Thedifficultyofgrowingcropsundersolarpanels.13Whatarenettingmaterialsusuallyusedtodo?A.Speedupthegrowthofapples.B.Testwhatapplesaresuitableforasolarcover.C.Examinewhysomecropsaresensitivetoheat.D.Keepsomecropsfrombeingdamagedbyterribleweather.14.Whatistheresearchers’attitudetousingthesolarcovers?ADoubtful. B.Supportive.C.Unclear. D.Uncaring.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.GermanFarmerGrowsFruitUnderSolarPowerEquipmentB.ResearchersFindOutNewWaytoProduceRenewableEnergyC.SolarEnergyCouldPlayBigPartinValuableAgriculturalLandD.IncreasinglyPopularWayofOperatingOrchardAmongGermanFarmers【答案】12.D13.D14.B15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了德国农民在太阳能设备下种植水果。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Butgettingtherightmixofcropandsolarisdifficult.Mostfruitrequiresspecificgrowingconditions.Evensmallchangesintheenvironmentcanharmcropsandcausemoneylosses.Evenifthefruitsurvives,itmightturnthewrongcolororbelesssweetandmaybedifficulttosell.（但是要把农作物和太阳能正确地结合起来是很困难的。大多数水果都需要特定的生长环境。即使环境的微小变化也会损害作物并造成经济损失。即使水果存活下来，它也可能会变成错误的颜色或不那么甜，可能很难出售。）”可知，作者在第二段想告诉我们在太阳能电池板下种植作物的困难。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Fortestingpurposes,NachtWeycoveredsomeofhistreeswithatraditionalnettingmaterial.Itisnormallyusedtoprotectsensitivecropsfromseriousweatherevents.（为了测试目的，NachtWey用传统的网状材料覆盖了他的一些树木。它通常用于保护敏感作物免受恶劣天气事件的影响。）”可知，网状材料通常用来防止一些农作物被恶劣天气破坏。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“HetoldtheAPthatapplesgrownunderthesolarcoverswerealittlelesssweetthisyearthanthoseunderthenets.Butalmostnosolar-shadedapplesgotdamagedinthestrongsunlightthathittheareaonJuly24.Inthenon-shadedgroup,about18percentofapplessufferedsundamagethatday,Zimmersaid.Researchershopethetestswillshowthatfruitcropsperformwellundersolarpanels.（他告诉美联社，今年在太阳罩下种植的苹果比在网下种植的要甜一点。但在7月24日袭击该地区的强烈阳光下，几乎没有被太阳遮蔽的苹果受损。Zimmer说，在没有遮阳的那一组中，大约18%的苹果当天受到了阳光的伤害。研究人员希望这些测试将表明水果作物在太阳能电池板下表现良好。）”可知，在太阳罩下种植苹果对苹果有好处，JuergenZimmer对使用太阳能罩的态度是支持的。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“ItispresentlyharvestseasonforChristianNachtWey,whooperatesanapplefarm,ororchard,inthewesternGermantownofGelsdorf.Besidesapples,NachtWey’sfarmalsoproducesasecondharvest:electricity.Manyofthefarm’streesgrowundersolarpanels(太阳能电池板)thathavebeenproducingpowerduringthisyear’sunusuallysunnysummer.（对于克里斯蒂安·纳赫特·韦来说，现在是收获的季节，他在德国西部的盖尔斯多夫镇经营着一家苹果农场。除了苹果，纳赫特·韦的农场还收获了第二种东西：电力。农场的许多树木都生长在太阳能电池板下，在今年异常晴朗的夏天，太阳能电池板一直在发电。）”可知，文章主要讲的是在太阳能设备下种植农作物。故文章最好的标题是“德国农民在太阳能设备下种植水果”。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It’sestimatedthatfamiliesintheUKcreatemorethansixmilliontonnesoffoodwasteeachyear.Withfoodpricesrising,it’sagoodtimetobecomeafood-wastefighter.Notonlywillitsavemoney,itisgoodfortheenvironment.Afterall,growing,packagingandtransportingfoodusesalotofEarth’sresourcessuchasenergyandwater.___16___.First,it’sagoodideatofindoutjusthowmuchfoodgoesintoyourrubbishcan.Keepadiaryandnotedownthefoodsthatgetthrownmostoften,andwhy.Planningmealsfortheweekcansavetimeandmoney.___17___.Bananasthatarebrownandsoftcanbebakedintobananabreadattheweekend.Potatoesandcarrotslastalongtimeifkeptinacool,darkplace.Cookingthecorrectsizehelpstoo.Weighoutpastaorriceyouneedbeforeyoucookit.Beforeyoupileyourplate,checkhowhungryyouare.___18___.It’shardtokeeptrackoffoodthat’sgonetothebackofthefridge.Youcouldlabelashelfan“Eatmefirst”spotforanythingthathasbeenthereforawhile.___19___.Youcanfreezeleftoversinasealedcontainerforanotherday.Butheatanyleftoversputinafridgethoroughlybeforeeating.___20___.SomeUKsupermarketshavetaken“bestbefore”datesofffruitandvegetables.Thiscanencouragepeopletousetheirnoseandeyestoworkoutifsomethingisstillfinetoeat.Don’tforgettoupdateyourdiarytoseehowmuchchangeyoucanmake.A.Finally,useyoursenses.B.Atlast,askanadulttohelp.C.Yourfreezerisanotherwaytosavefood.D.MeatfromaSundayroastcouldgointosandwichesonMonday.E.Thismaypreventyoufromleavingfoodbecauseyou’retoofull.F.Readtheinstructioncarefullytomakesurethatyouuseitproperly.G.Herearesomesimpletipsthatcanhelpyoubecomefood-wastefighters.【答案】16.G17.D18.E19.C20.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍成为一名食物浪费斗士的好方法。【16题详解】根据上文“It’sestimatedthatfamiliesintheUKcreatemorethansixmilliontonnesoffoodwasteeachyear.Withfoodpricesrising,it’sagoodtimetobecomeafood-wastefighter.Notonlywillitsavemoney,itisgoodfortheenvironment.Afterall,growing,packagingandtransportingfoodusesalotofEarth’sresourcessuchasenergyandwater.(据估计，英国家庭每年产生超过600万吨的食物垃圾。随着食品价格的上涨，现在是成为一名食物浪费斗士的好时机。它不仅能省钱，而且对环境有益。毕竟，种植、包装和运输食物需要大量的地球资源，如能源和水。)”和下文“First,it’sagoodideatofindoutjusthowmuchfoodgoesintoyourrubbishcan.(首先，弄清楚你的垃圾桶里有多少食物是个好主意。)”可知，文章接下来要介绍的是成为一名食物浪费斗士的好方法。选项G“以下是一些简单的技巧，可以帮助你成为食物浪费斗士。”和上下文意思一致。故选G。【17题详解】根据上文“Planningmealsfortheweekcansavetimeandmoney.(为一周计划膳食可以节省时间和金钱。)”可知，这里建议提前计划好膳食。选项D“星期天烤肉的肉星期一可以做成三明治。”和上文意思一致。故选D。【18题详解】根据上文“Cookingthecorrectsizehelpstoo.Weighoutpastaorriceyouneedbeforeyoucookit.Beforeyoupileyourplate,checkhowhungryyouare.(烹饪正确的尺寸也有帮助。烹饪前称出你需要的意大利面或米饭。在你把盘子堆起来之前，检查一下你有多饿。)”可知，这里建议要准确知道自己的食量。选项E“这可能会因为你太饱而阻止你离开食物。”和上文意思一致。故选E。【19题详解】根据下文“Youcanfreezeleftoversinasealedcontainerforanotherday.(你可以把剩菜放在密封容器里冷冻一天。)”可知，这里建议利用冰箱来达到节约食物的目的。选项C“你的冰箱是另一种节省食物的方法。”和下文意思一致。故选C。【20题详解】根据下文“SomeUKsupermarketshavetaken“bestbefore”datesofffruitandvegetables.Thiscanencouragepeopletousetheirnoseandeyestoworkoutifsomethingisstillfinetoeat.(一些英国超市已经取消了水果和蔬菜的“保质期”。这可以鼓励人们用鼻子和眼睛来判断一些东西是否还可以吃。)”可知，这里建议人们利用感官判断一些东西是否还可以吃。选项A“最后，运用你的感官。”和下文意思一致。故选A。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。WhenmysisterDianebeganplayingtheviolin,shewasseven.Howdidshesound?Terrible.Butshedidn’t___21___.Attwelve,sheaskedourparentsifshecould___22___afull-timemusicschool.Theysaidno.Actually,everyoneagreedthatmysister___23___talent.Iwasbetteratmy___24___.MyteacherhadtoldmyparentsthatIhadgreat___25___.Somyparentsfoundthebestpianoteacherintheareato___26___me.Buttheonlytimehewas___27___wasSaturdayafternoonsat3p.m.Backthen,Iwas___28___abouttheBritishTVshowTheAvengers,whichwas___29___everySaturdayat3p.m.IletnothingtakeupmyTheAvengershour.SoI___30___thisamazingopportunity.Today,Idon’tevenhavea___31___inmyhouse.Mysisterbecameanengineer,butshe___32___stoppedmakingmusic.Whenshewasinher40s,sheswitched___33___.Shewentbacktocollege,gota(n)___34___inmusiceducation,andbecameamusicteacher.Shestartskidsoffontheirfirstinstrumentandgivesthemalltheencouragementandsupportshenever___35___.Recently,sheandapianistpalputonarecital.Abigcrowdoffriendsandfamilies___36___forher.Assheplayed,Ilookedaroundatthe___37___.Everyonewas___38___enjoyingthemusic.ItoccurredtomethatIwastheonlypersonwhorememberedthat7-year-oldkidmakingthose___39___soundsandknewhowfarshehadcome,despiteeverything.Talentisimportant.But___40___isevenmoreimportant.21.A.advance B.quit C.reflect D.listen22.A.inspect B.open C.attend D.visit23.A.lacked B.spotted C.possessed D.admired24.A.major B.project C.composition D.instrument25.A.patience B.wisdom C.potential D.ambition26.A.train B.examine C.correct D.challenge27.A.successful B.skillful C.occupied D.available28.A.sensitive B.crazy C.serious D.particular29.A.filmed B.designed C.broadcast D.commented30.A.jumpedat B.turneddown C.waitedfor D.openedup31.A.tutor B.violin C.musician D.piano32.A.never B.once C.already D.even33.A.attitudes B.careers C.plans D.positions34.A.scholarship B.volunteer C.degree D.assistant35.A.provided B.imagined C.received D.expected36.A.pickedup B.tookup C.stayedup D.turnedup37.A.students B.audience C.scene D.platform38.A.obviously B.desperately C.appropriately D.anxiously39.A.amazing B.pleasing C.awful D.powerful40.A.enthusiasm B.creativity C.curiosity D.intelligence【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.A27.D28.B29.C30.B31.D32.A33.B34.C35.C36.D37.B38.A39.C40.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者的妹妹小时候没有音乐天赋，但是她并没有放弃理想，一直努力最终实现了自己的人生理想。而我自小就擅长乐器却没有妹妹的毅力，最终在音乐上并没有取得成就。这个故事我们只要坚持理想，最终会取得成功。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她没有放弃。A.advance前进；B.quit放弃；C.reflect反思；D.listen听。根据上文“Howdidshesound？Terrible”可知，她弹得糟糕，but表示转折，即她不放弃，故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：12岁时，她问我们的父母她是否可以上一所全日制的音乐学校。A.inspect检查；视察；参加；B.open开办；C.attend上学；D.visit拜访。根据下文“afull-timemusicschool”可知，她想上全日制的音乐学校，故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们说不行。事实上，大家都认为我妹妹缺乏天赋。A.lacked缺乏；B.spotted看见；C.possessed掌握；拥有；D.admired钦佩。根据上文“Howdidshesound？Terrible.”可知，她小提琴拉得很糟糕。可推知，她缺乏天赋。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我更擅长演奏乐器。A.major主修科目；B.project工程；C.composition作品；D.instrument乐器。根据下文“Somyparentsfoundthebestpianoteacherintheareato”可知，父母给我请钢琴老师，说明我在我的乐器方面做得更好，故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的老师告诉我的父母我很有潜力。A.patience耐心；B.wisdom智慧；C.potential潜能；D.ambition野心。根据下文“Somyparentsfoundthebestpianoteacherinthearea”可知，老师说我有潜能，故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我的父母找到了当地最好的钢琴老师来训练我。A.train训练；B.