新托福听力unit-1-主旨篇(内容)

AliceGeiBTTOEFL--初级听力Unit1ListeningforMainIdeas1OverviewTHEFIRSTPART2PracticeTHESECONDPART目录CONTENTS3ConclusionTHEFIRSTPART4HomeworkTHESECONDPART01Overview为神马抓主旨很重要！？人不可能把听力材料里的一字一句完全记录下来！主旨可以帮助掌握事态的发展方向！Gist-ContentGist-PurposeDetail50%BasicComprehensionQuestionsGist-ContentGist-PurposeMajorDetailsUnderstandingthemainideaofalectureoraconversationistoidentifytheoveralltopicorbasicideaofthecontents.Itmaybeexpressedexplicitlyintheheadofthecontentsorstatedindirectlythroughoutthewholeofthecontents.Inthelattercase,youneedtogeneralizeorsynthesizetheinformationinthegivencontents.IntroductionGist-ContentListeningforMainIdeas—Gist-ContentWhatproblemdoesthemanhave?Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?Whatisthemaintopicofthelecture?Whatisthelecturemainlyabout?WhataspectofXdoestheprofessormainlydiscuss?QuestionTypesGist-ContentListeningforMainIdeas—Gist-ContentFocusonthebeginningpartoftheconversationorlecture.Listencarefullytothekeywordsthatcanleadyoutothemainidea.Trytoverifythemainideawithexamples,explanationsandsummaries.Trytofigureoutwhatproblemandsolutionthespeakersaretalkingaboutintheconversations.

Avoidanswerswhichcoveronlyasmallportionofthelisteningorwhicharenotrelevanttothelistening.

Avoidanswerswhicharetoogeneral,andmakethemostofyournotes.UsefulTipsGist-ContentListeningforMainIdeas—Gist-Content注意开头几句（介绍背景或大概内容）注意关键词（开头出现或者文中重复出现）

注意“小黑板”上的词语

NotesGist-ContentListeningforMainIdeas—Gist-Content主题句引出

问答式引出

全文大意推断

注意利用例子、解释和总结等验证和理解全文主旨主题引出方式Gist-ContentListeningforMainIdeas—Gist-ContentTodaywearegoingtobetalkingabout...I’dliketobeginmylecturebyintroducing...Let’sfocuson...Let’snowtakealookat...Iwish……Iam/washoping……开头寒暄过后，经常有固定的模式引出主旨：

Doyourememberwhattheyare?Howcanyouunderstandit?Whydon'tyou...Doyouknow……CanItalktoyou...?Whatisthatyou'reworkingon?问句和回答都很重要。较少，要抓重复概念较常见最常见主旨要义必反复、难点要点狠抓住

1.如果开头没有主题句（总—分），则需要总结全篇。2.关键词和词组可以帮助我们识别对话或讲座的话题。说话人会对其重读或重复。

注意：同义替换、指代、举例、因果、转折、并列...结尾段的观点/总结性内容（分—总/总—分—总）

信号词：first/second/finally/forexample/but/continue/Actually/initial/original/remind/backtomypoint...Gist-ContentListeningforMainIdeas—Gist-Content选项特点Gist-ContentListeningforMainIdeas—Gist-Content正确选项特征：正常选项具有概括性；正确选项可能是句子，也可能是名词性结构；多包含带summary含义的词，如：history，development，background，information，origin，characteristics，innovation，comparison，trend...干扰选项特征：选项太过笼统；选项过于具体，只是一个细节；选项内容与原文不符或部分错误；选项内容未曾在原文提及。AIdenticalcellsBChromosomesCMitosisDParentcellsSampleiBTQuestionWhatisthemaintopicofthelecture?02PracticeaContentWordsNotionalWordorContentWordFunctionalWordorStructuralWordContentwordsSentenceStress1（一）在连贯的语句中需要重读的词有：

名词、实义动词、形容词、副词、某些代词（指示代词、反身代词、名词性物主代词等）、疑问词、数词、叹词等。(二)在连贯的语句中不重读的词有：

冠词、代词（人称，形容词性物主代词）、动词（助动词、情态动词等）、连词、介词等上面讲解的只是语句重音的一般规则，但语句重音并不是一成不变的语音现象。根据说话时的不同心态、不同的着重点、不同的强调内容、不同的语气等可以使原来在句中应重读的词失去重音，而原来不重读的词却又成了重读的词。WordscarryingthemeaningExamplemainverbs(实义动词；行为动词)nounsadjectivesadverbsnegativeauxiliariesSeepage6WordscarryingthemeaningExamplenumeralsdemonstrativepronounsinterrogativepronounsreflexivepronounsnominalpossessivepronounsone,two,first,secondthis,that,these,thosewhat,which,whenmyself,himselfmine,hers,theirs,itsSeepage6WordsforcorrectgrammarExamplepronounsprepositionsarticlesconjunctionsauxiliaryandmodalverbsFunctionwordshe,we,they,his,myin,on,at,intoa,an,theand,but,becausedo,does,can,must,bebPracticewithshortpassagesWhatistheman’sproblem?A.Helosthiscampusmap.B.Heislateforhisclass.C.Hecannotfindhisclassroom.D.Hecannotfindtheroomonthemap.Practicewithshortpassages2.Howdidthemansolvehisproblem?A.Hewenttotheadministrator’sofficetoasktheway.B.Hejustfoundthewayaccidentally.C.Hisgirlfriendknewhowtogetthere.D.Afemalestudentshowedhimbecauseshewasgoingthesameway.A(1-07)M:Hi.Doyouknowwhere

is?Iam

.

W:607?Hmm…MaybeIcanhelpyou.Followme.Thereisacampusway.Okay…Hereitis…Let’ssee.Number607…Oh…Weareheadingthesameway.Justfollowme.Iwillshowyoutheway.M:Thanksalot.It’sreally

onthiscampus.W:Right,Ihadthesameproblemlastyear

.Whatclassdoyouhaveinthatroom?M:Ihave

.Theteacher’snameisJamesSmith.W:Ohreally?Ihadthesameclasslastyear.Theteacherisverystrict,isn’the?Buthegivesgoodgrades.roomnumber607newatthisschoolhardtofindtheclassroomswhenIwasafreshmansociologyat2o’clockPracticewithshortpassagesA(1-07)Vocabulary：accidentallyadv.偶然地headthesameway往同一个方向走showsbtheway给某人指路freshmann.新生sociologyn.社会学PracticewithshortpassagesA(1-07)2.Whatdoesthemanhavetodotogetagoodgrade?Listentothelecturescarefullyanddowellonthehomework.OnlystudythesummariesofthelecturesHecannotgetagoodgradebecausethetestissohard.Hehastostudythetextbookandthesummariesofthelecturescarefully.Whatistheman’sproblem?(1-08)A.Hecannotdohishomeworkontime.B.MathematicalIdeasisdifficultforhim.C.Hedidnotreceivethetextbookbeforethetest.D.Hedidnotreadthetextbookbeforethetest.PracticewithshortpassagesB(1-08)M:Iamgoingtohave

thissemester.Iamalittlebit

thatsubjectbecauseIam

math.

W:MathematicalIdeas?Don’tworry.Ihadthatclasslastsemester.Thelectureswerevery

,andtheteachermadethestudents

thecourse.Youwilllove

.M:Well,Idon’tknow.Wasn’tthetestdifficult?W:

.Ifyou

thelecturesand

,thetestwillbe

.Theteacheralways

ofhislectureeveryclass.Ifyoustudythemthoroughly,youwill

readthetextbook.Iwasbadatmath,butIgotagoodgrade!M:Isee.Thankyousomuchforyouradvice.Ithasreallyhelpedme.NotatallMathematicalIdeasnervousofnotreallygoodatinterestingfeelcomfortableinlistencarefullytotheclassNotatalldothehomeworkeasyhandsoutasummarynotevenneedtoPracticewithshortpassagesB(1-08)Vocubulary：benervousof对…感到紧张feelcomfortableinsth对…感到舒服handout分发asummaryof…的总结thoroughlyadv.彻底地PracticewithshortpassagesB(1-08)PracticewithshortpassagesHello,mynameisJennySmith.Iwillbe_________________________

forthissemester.Um…Sincethisisyourfirstclass,Iwanttotalkabout______________________.Whatisphysicalgeography?Doesanybodyhaveanyideas?Basicallyit’sa__________________.Butitdiffersfromothersinthatitusesideasfrom____________________.Forexample,youwillfindinformationfrom__________________________________,andmanyothersciencesinphysicalgeography.Doesitsoundscary?Actually,youdon’treallyneedtoworryaboutit.Fundamentally,thisisageographyclass.Sowejustwilluse______________________________.Wewillnotgointothedetailsofthosesubjects.Okay…nowletmeshowyousomeexamples…turntopage11.Chapterone.Energy.yourphysicalgeographyteacherC(1-09)whatphysicalgeographyistheearthscienceaboutothersciencesprofoundlychemistry,biology,climatology,astronomywhatwealreadyknowinthoseareasVocubulary：profoundlyadv.深刻地biologyn.生物学astronomyn.天文学chemistryn.化学climatologyn.气候学universen.宇宙combinev.结合basicallyadv.基本上，主要地fundamentally从根本上地，基本上PracticewithshortpassagesC(1-09)PracticewithshortpassagesOkay…Nowlet’stalkabout_______________.Therewillbe_____________________________thissemester.Eachwrittentestwillhave___________________________.Theoraltestwillhave_____________.Uh…Someofyoumaythinkthetestsaretoodifficultwithtoomanyquestions.Butthatisnotso.________________,therewillbeasummaryhandouteveryclassthissemester.Andifyoustudythemwell,thenthetestswillbeveryeasy.And____________________,thewrittenandoraltestswillbejust_____________________________.Activeclassparticipationisthemostimportantthing_________________.So,pleaselistentomylecturescarefully,askmanyquestions,anddiscussthetopicswithyourclassmatesandmeduringtheclass.Itwillbeverygoodforyou