国家开放大学《管理英语3》形考任务1-8参考答案(2022春更新)

国家开放大学《管理英语3》形考任务1-8参考答案形考任务1一、选择填空，从每题选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项（每题10分）。1、—______________—Wehavethreemajordivisions:Operations,SalesandMarketing,FinanceandAdministration.A.Howmanydepartmentsdowehave?B.Whichdivisionareyouin?C.Whichdepartmentshowsthebest?2、—Isupposethere'llbealotofarguments.—____________A.Ishouldimagineso.B.Noproblem.C.That'sagoodidea.3、Anumberofboys_______absentsometimeduringtheterm.A.havebeenB.hasbeenC.will4、Hewillwritetomeassoonashe______home.A.willhavereturnedB.returnsC.willreturn5、Thisistheman___lastnight.A.whomIsawhimB.whomIsawC.whoIsawhim6、—_______________—No,sorry,Ididn'tknowtheruleaboutpunchingin.A.Areyoulatethismorning,Wendy?B.Didn'tyoupunchoutthismorning,Wendy?C.Didn'tyoupunchinthismorning,Wendy?7、—Iwishyousuccessinyourcareer.—_________________A.Goahead.B.Itdoesn'tmatter.C.Thesametoyou.8、Iam_______yourearlycoming.A.lookingforwardtoB.lookingforwardC.lookforwardto9、Theprogrammegivesstudentsthe_______tolearnmoreaboutglobalwarming.A.successB.ambitionC.opportunity10、Thekey________successfulimplementationisclearlycommunicatingthestrategytothewholecompany.A.toB.inC.of11、—I'mleavingforShanghaitomorrow.—__________________A.Seeyoulater.B.Haveapleasanttrip!C.Let'sgooutforadrink.12、—Whoshouldberesponsiblefortheaccident?—Theboss,nottheworkers.Theyjustcarriedouttheorder_______.A.asaretoldB.astoldC.astheytold13、Leavethereferencebooksbehind,_______youwon'tbeabletothinkindependently.A.orB.andC.so14、Abusdriver________thesafetyofhispassengers.A.isresponsibleinB.isresponsibleforC.isresponsibleto15、Myfriendinvitedme________theartclub,andIaccepteditwithpleasure.A.joinB.tojoinC.joining二、听力理解听对话录音，根据对话内容判断正误（每题10分）。操作提示：句子正确选择下拉选项框为“T”；句子错误选择下拉选项框为“F”。1.Wendypunchedinthismorning.（F）2.Theyneedtopunchoutafterwork.（T）3.Theyneedtoworkovertime.（T）4.Theycanwearcasualclotheswhengoingoutonasalescall.（F）5.Theycanuseofficephonesforpersonalmatters.（F）二、阅读理解阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容判断文章后的句子是正确（T）还是错误（F）。（每题10分）ManagingOneselfWeliveinanagefullofopportunities:Ifyouaresmartenough,andhavegotambitionandkeeppushingforward,youcanrisetothetopofyourchosenprofession,nomatterwhereyoustartedout.Butwithopportunitycomesresponsibility.Companiestodayaren'tmanagingtheiremployees'careers.Professionalworkersmustbetheirownchiefexecutiveofficers(CEO).It'suptoyoutostriveforyourplace,tokeepyourselfengagedandproductiveduringaworkinglifethatmaylastaround50years.Todothosethingswell,you'llneedtohaveadeepunderstandingofyourself—notonlywhatyourstrengthsandweaknessesare,butalsohowyoulearn,howyouworkwithothers,whatyourvaluesare,andwhereyoucanmakethegreatestcontribution,becauseonlywhenyouoperatefromstrengthcanyouachievetrueexcellence.History'sgreatachievers—Napoléon,daVinci,andMozart—havealwaysmanagedthemselves.Buttheyaresounusualbothintheirtalentsandintheiraccomplishmentsastobeconsideredrareexceptions.Now,mostofus,eventhoseofuswithmodesttalents,willhavetolearntomanageourselves.Wewillhavetolearntodevelopourselves.Wewillhavetoplaceourselveswherewecanmakethegreatestcontribution.Andwewillhavetostaymentallyalertandengagedduringa50-yearworkinglife,whichmeansknowinghowandwhentochangetheworkwedo.操作提示：句子正确选择下拉选项框为“T”；句子错误选择下拉选项框为“F”。1.Companiestodayareresponsibleforemployee'scareer.（F）2.ItistheCEOwhodecidesyourplace.（F）3.Youneedtounderstandyourcompanywellsothatyoucandothingswell.（F）4.Understandingyourselfmeansknowingwellaboutyourstrengths,weaknesses,yourvalues,howyoulearn,howyoudowithothersandsoon.（T）5.Ordinarypeoplecannotmanagethemselveswell.（F）二、完型填空（每空10分）。操作提示：通过题目中的下拉选项框选择恰当的词语补全填空。Joachim'svisionisbasedonanideacalledpleaching(编织),wheretreebranchesaregrownsothattheynaturallyweavetogether.Sincethegrowthpatternsoftreesare（affected）bywindandsunlight,itmaybepossibletocontrolthewayatreedevelops.TheseFabricatedTreeHouseHabitatswouldusetreesgrownintoshapesashousing.Oneofthe（advantages）ofthesedesignsisthattreeswouldnothavetobecutdownforlumber."A100percenttreehousewouldtakeyearstocreate,"Joachimsaid．（Dependingon）theclimate,ahousecouldtakeanywherefrom5to30yearstogrow.Fortunately,there'sawaytospeeduptheprocess.Joachimsuggestsincludingecologicalmaterialssuchassod(草皮),grassesandlivingbranchesinthehousingdesigns."Thismaterialwouldbeabletomoveasthehousegrows,"Joachimsaid．Ahomewouldbecomeanactualecosystem,acommunityofplants,animals,andbacteriaworkingtogether.Thetreeswouldalsogiveoffwatervaporthatwouldassistin（cooling）thehomes.Solarpanelsandwindwouldhelpprovideenergy.Thetreehomesmightevenhavesoilpockets,whereplantscouldgrowfromthestructureitself.WorkhasalreadybegunonJoachim'sfirstdesign—ahousemadefrom50percentrecycledand50percentlivingthings.Joachimisconfidentaboutthe（importance）ofhiswork,asheusesnaturalproductswithoutdestroyingnature."Theenvironmentanditsstudyareveryimportant.Weneedtorespectnature,don'ttakeitforgranted,"hesaid．二、听力理解听对话录音，根据对话内容完成下方题目（每题10分）。操作提示：通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。1.Thetwospeakersare_________.A.teacherandstudentB.colleaguesC.classmates2.Therearedivisionsinthecompany_________.A.3B.4C.103.CustomerServiceisapartofdivision_________.A.OperationsB.SalesandMarketingC.FinanceandAdministration4.TheSalesandMarketingincludesdepartments_________.A.2B.3C.45.ThedirectoroftheSalesandMarketingisnow_________.A.inanonlinemeetingB.onholidayC.onabusinesstrip二、阅读理解阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容，完成相应的选择题。（每题10分）OrganizationStructureinHoogleEngineeringI'mMichaelBush,ManagingDirectorofHoogleEngineering.IampleasedtowelcomeyouheretoourwebsiteandI'dliketotellyoualittleaboutthecompanyanditsorganization.HoogleEngineeringwassetupin1960.Itwasdividedintoseveraldepartmentsatthattime,suchasthesalesdepartment,marketingdepartment,andproductiondepartment.Lotsofmanagerswereemployedtomanageitall.Fortunatelythingsaredifferentnow.SixtypeopleareemployedbyHoogleandcommunicationbetweendepartmentsisconsideredtobeoneofthemostimportantaspectsofthebusiness.Themarketisglobalsoweneedtomakecontactwithcustomersworldwide,notjustlocally.Butintheolddayswewereallindifferentdepartmentsandneverspoketoeachother.Wehadatallstructure.Traditionallywehadpeopleatthefirstlevelontheshopfloor,manufacturingproductsaccordingtotheinstructionswhichtheyweregiven.Thenyouhadasupervisorylevelofpeoplewhosupervisedthemeveryday.Thenyoumoveduptothemiddlemanagement,whoweredoingthetasksofgettingnewbusiness,andthenyouhadtheseniormanagementteam,andthenyouhadtheboard,whodecidedthebusinessstrategy.Sotherewerealotoflevelsinthecompanyintheolddaysactually.Thestructuretodayisthatweformteamswithinteamstoplacepeoplewhocanmanufactureaproduct.Eachteamhasmembersthatcanmanufacturedifferentproducts.Theactualteamsnowareself-managing,sowedon'tevenhaveteamleaders.You'vegottheteams,andthenyou'vegottwopeople,onlytwopeople,whoarewhatyouthinkofasmanagement.Thisisgenerallycalledflatstructure.操作提示：通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。1.HoogleEngineeringwassetupin__________.A.thenineteenthcenturyB.thetwentiethcenturyC.thetwentyfirstcentury2.Therearemanydifferent__________ofmanagementinatallstructure.A.kindsB.levelsC.functions3.Peopleinaflatstructureusuallyworkin__________.A.departmentsB.familiesC.teams4.AllofthefollowingstatementsaretrueaccordingtothepassageEXCEPTthat__________.A.communicationinthecompanyisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantB.theauthorthinksthetwostructureshavethesamefunctionsC.therearemoreindividualresponsibilitiesintheflatstructure5.Thebesttitleforthepassageis__________.A.OrganizationStructureinHoogleEngineeringB.HistoryofHoogleEngineeringC.SuccessinHoogleengineering二、翻译为下面的句子选择正确的翻译（每题10分）操作提示：通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。1.lfyouaresmartenough,andhavegotambitionandkeeppushingforward,youcanrisetothetopofyourchosenprofession.（）A.如果你足够聪明,有野心和继续推进，那么你就可以得到你选择的职业。B.如果你既聪明过人，又有上进心，并且勇往直前，那么你就可以升职。C.如果你既聪明过人，又有上进心，并且勇往直前，那么你就可以在自己所选的职业领域中出类拔萃。2.It'suptoyoutostriveforyourplace,tokeepyourselfengagedandproductiveduringaworkinglifethatmaylastaround50years.（）A.由你决定是否勤奋工作，并在大约50年的职业生涯中，能否积极上进，取得成效。B.在大约50年的职业生涯中，能否积极上进，勤奋工作，取得成效是取决于你自己的。C.由你来决定在可能持续的大约50年的职业生涯中，能否积极上进，取得成效3.Theyaresounusuabothintheirtaentsandtheiraccomnishmentsastobeconsideredrareexcentions.（）A.正因为他们既才智过人，又成就非凡，所以他们这样的例子少之又少。B.他们的才华和成就都不一般，极少考虑别人。C.他们是如此不同寻常的，被认为是罕见的例外4.Wewillhavetoplaceourselveswherewecanmakethegreatestcontribution.（）A.我们将不得不做出最大的贡献。B.我们应该拿下最大的项目。C.我们应该把自己放到能做出最大贡献的位置。5.Somearestillnervousaboutlosingtheirjobsdespitethelowwages.（）A.尽管工资不高，但还是有很多人担心失去这份工作。B.因为丁资低，很多人打算去辞职C.尽管福利不好，但旧还是有很多人担心失去这份工作。形考任务2一、选择填空，从每题选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项（每题10分）。1.--__________fathertookpartinthecharityactivityintheneighbourhoodyesterday?–Peter's.A.WhoseB.WhatC.Which2.IheardthatyoureallyhadawonderfultimeatJohn'sbirthdayparty,____?A.didn’tIB.didn’tyouC.hadn’tyou3.__________importantitisforkidstoimaginefreely!A.WhatB.HowC.Whatan4.—Sorry,Imadeamistakeagain.—_________Practisemoreandyou’llsucceed.A.NevermindB.CertainlynotC.Don’tmentionit5.—________________—Shegavetwoweeks.A.WhatdidshegetB.Howmuchtimedidshegive?C.Whatdidshedo6.—CouldIhelpyouwithyourheavybox?Youaresotired—_____________Icanmanageit.A.No.thanksB.Yes,pleaseC.Allright7.—HowdidyoufindyourvisittoQingdao,Joanna?—_____________A.Oh,wonderfulindeedB.IwenttherealoneC.Aguideshowedmetheway8.—I'mmorethanhappytogooutthisweekend.—_________________We'vegotsomuchworktodoatthattime.A.Don’tworryB.Forgetit.C.Don’tsayso9.Hegaveuphisstudyincollegein_______.A.bundleB.despairC.ash10.Itookitfor_______thatyouwouldn'tcomehereagain.A.grandB.tameC.granted11.Ifyouneedfurtherinformation,please_______ouroffice.A.constantB.constructC.contact12.It's___________topointtoortalkaboutstrangersinpublic.A.notpoliteB.politeC.good13.The_______wasonlysentencedtopayafineof$10,000.A.wormB.tubeC.crminal14.Thelightistoo_______formetoread.Icannotstandanymore.A.dimB.ripeC.soup15.Undernocircumstance_____totellliestoparents.A.childrenareallowedB.arechildrenallowedC.willchildrenallow二、翻译。为下面的句子选择正确的翻译(每题10分)。操作提示:通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。1.Thoughtheyhavealotofapplicants,theycan'tfindthepeopletheywant.A.虽然有很多应用，他们还是找不到他们想要的人。B.虽然有很多应聘者，但是他们却找不到合适的人。C.虽然有很多程序，但是他们却找不到合适的程序员。2.Practisingmoreisthekeytoleaningalanguage.A.学习语言的关键是要多练习。B.勤于练习就是学习英语的钥匙。C.多做运动对于语言学习来说有好处。3.Somearestillnervousaboutlosingtheirjobsdespitethelowwages.A.尽管工资不高，但还是有很多人担心失去这份工作。B.因为工资低，很多人打算去辞职。C.尽管福利不好，但还是有很多人担心失去这份工作。4.Theteacherpointedoutthegrammarmistakesinthewriting.A.老师指出了书法里的语法错误。B.老师指出了作文里的拼写错误。C.老师指出了作文里的语法错误。5.Howwilltheevaluationoftheseinvestmentsbecarriedout?A.如何进行这些项目的投资?B.如何对这些投资进行评估呢?C.如何对这些项目进行评价?二、听力理解。听对话录音，根据对话内容判断正误(每题10分)。操作提示:通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。1.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Acouple.B.Colleagues.C.Teacherandstudent.2.Whatistheopinionofthefemalespeakerabouthighsalaries?A.Shethinkshighsalariescangetalotoftalents.B.Shethinkshighsalariesarethekeyfactorinmotivatingthestaff.C.Shethinkshighsalariesstoppeoplefrommovingon.3.Whocontrolsovertimework?A.Theemployers.B.Theworkers.C.Thecompanies.4.FAIRinfairwagesmeans__________.A.generalB.competitiveC.high5.Thetopicofthedialogisabout__________.A.howtocontrolovertimeB.howtopaywagesC.howtomotivatetheemployees二、完型填空(每空10分)。操作提示:通过题目中的下拉选项框选择恰当的词语补全填空。Whenitcomestoselectingcandidatesthroughinterview,moreoftenthannotthedecisionismadewiththefirstfivemunutesofameeting.Yetemployersliketo【convince】themselvesthattheyarebeingexceptionallythoroughintheirselectionprocesses.Intoday'smarketplace,the【quality】ofstaffisfundamentaltothecompany'ssuccessand,asaresult,recruitersuseallmeansattheirdisposaltosecurethebestinthefield.Onemethodinparticularthathasriseninpopularityistesting,eitherpsychometrictesting(心理测试),whichattemptstodefinepsychologicalcharacteristics,oraptitudetesting.Theideaisthatthosetestingprovideanorganizationwithanextrawayofestablishingacandidate'ssuitabilityforarole.Theemploymentofpsychometricorabilitytestingasone【component】oftherecruitmentprocessmayhavesomemerits,butinrealitythereissimplynoreal【measure】.Theanswertothisproblemisexperienceininterviewtechniquesandastrongdefinitionoftheelementsofeachpositiontobefilled.Theinstinctivedecisionthatmanyemployersmake,basedonaCVandthefirstfiveminutesofameeting,areperhapsnolessvalidthananyothertoolemployedinthe【business】ofrecruitment.二、阅读理解阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容，完成相应的选择题。(每题10分)HUMANRESOURCESMANAGEMENTHumanResourcesManagement(HRM)istheprocessofmanagingpeopleandtheirrelationshipsinanorganization.Thesetwoprocessesareimportantinthesuccessandgrowthofabusiness.Inmanagingpeople,staffingisthemostimportantcomponentofHRM.Itneedstomakeguidelinesandproceduresforhiringandplacement.Staffingalsoinvolvesthemanagementofemployeesonmatterslikemonitoringofholidays,absences,healthandsafety,disciplinaryaction,anddismissal.AnotherimportantelementofHRMinmanagingpeopleiskeepingtheemployeesinthecompany.Thetrainingofemployeestoenablethemtoimprovetheircareerdevelopmentisveryimportant.GoodHRMpoliciesensurethatthereareclearregulationswhichshowthepaylevelsforthedifferentpositionsinanorganization.Itisimportantforthestafftoknowthecareerpath,pay,trainingandotheropportunitiesthatareavailabletothem.PerformancemanagementisanotherimportantcomponentofHRM.Thereasonforthisisthatmanyemployersuseittoevaluatecareerimprovementandtodeterminepayincreases.ThesecondaryroleofHRMisthemanagementoftherelationshipsamongpeopleinanorganization.Thisincludesstaffwithindepartmentsaswellasacrossthewholeorganization.Therelationshipbetweenstaffandmanagementisanimportantfactorinthesuccessofanorganization.Itdecideshowfastanorganizationwillrealizetheirgoals.ThefocusofHRMisthepeoplewithinanorganization.Regularplanning,monitoringandevaluationareimportantforthesuccessofHRM.Successfulmanagementensuresthatallemployeesknowtheirrole,careerdevelopmentandalsofeelpartofanorganization.操作提示:通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。1.____________is/areimportantinthesuccessofabusiness.A.TeamworkspiritandhighsalaryB.TheprocessofmanagingpeopleandtheirrelationshipsC.Talentsandtheirgoals2.ThemostimportantcomponentofHRMis____________.A.staffingB.planningC.monitoring3.Accordingtothepassage,itisimportantfortheemployeestoknowthecareerpath,pay,trainingandotheropportunitiesthrough____________.A.noticesB.policiesC.advertisements4.Wecanuse____________toevaluatecareerimprovementandtodeterminepayincreases.A.staffingB.HRMpoliciesC.performancemanagement5.____________isNOTmentionedinthetextaboutthesuccessofHRM.A.RegularplanningandmonitoringB.EvaluationC.Training二、阅读理解阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容判断文章后的句子是正确(T)还是错误(F)。(每题10分)WARFORTALENTGOESONINJOBMARKETThewarfortalentreadslikeheadlinesfrommanyyearsago,butithasnevergoneaway,saysEleanorNickerson,directorofUKoperationsforTopEmployers.Manycompaniestheyhaveresearchedareshortoftalents.Thoughthecompaniesmayreceivemanyapplications,theycannotfindthepeopletheywant.TopEmployers'researchshowsthatofferinggoodcareerchancesisthekeytoattractingandkeepingthetalent.Smartemployeesknowtheirownvalueandwillwanttoknowwhattheiremployerscanofferthemafter5or10years'careerdevelopment.So,keepingstaffisthebiggestchallengeemployersfaceinthelongrun.Yetnoteveryemployeefeelsthattheycanbettertheircareerchances.Somearestillnervousaboutlosingtheirjobs,despitearecentfallinunemployment,saystheTradesUnionCongress(TUC).TUCpointsoutthatsomefour-fifthsofnewjobscreatedhavebeeninpartoftheeconomywhereaveragepayratesarelessthan?8anhoursincetherecessionbegan.Manyofthesejobsareontemporaryorzero-hourscontracts.AreportfromtheOfficeforNationalStatisticspublishedinFebruaryshowedthatrealwageshavebeenfallingconsistentlysince2010.It'sthelongestperiodsinceatleast1964.We'restillinthehardestlivingstandardssqueezeforoveracenturyandthosewhoarealreadyworkinghavehadyearsofreal-termspaycuts,saysTUCspokespersonLizChinchen.Understandingthepressuresthatstafffaceisagoodstartingpointforanyemployer.Ifemployerswanttoshowconcernfortheirstaff,theyshouldbepayingthemwellandunderstandthatzero-hourscontractsbringinsecurityandextrememoneyworries.操作提示:句子正确选择下拉选项框为T;句子错误选择下拉选项框为F。1.AccordingtoresearchbyTopEmployers,manycorporationshaveenoughtalentsfortheirdevelopment.（F）2.Thedatashowsthekeytoattractingtalentsistoofferhighsalary.（F）3.Thebiggestchallengeforemployerstoiskeepingstaffinthelongrun.（T）4.Notallemployeesbelievethattheycangetabetteroffer.（T）5.Thewageshavebeenrisingconsistentlysince2010.（F）形考任务3一、选择填空，从每题选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项（每题10分）。1.—______________________—Everythingisgoingsmoothly.A.Iseverythingterrible？B.Whatdoyouthinkofeverything？C.Howiseverythinggoing？2.—Areyougoingonholidayforalongtime?—_____________A.Itwasalongtime.B.Twoweeksago.C.No.Onlyacoupleofdays.3.—IwonderifIcoulduseyourcomputertonight?—_________A.Sure,goahead.B.Itdoesn'tmatter.4.Whocares?4.—Inwhatformwillyoutaketheinvestment?—____________A.Yes,wewill.B.We'llcontributeasiteandtherequiredpremises.C.We'llgiveinvestment.5.—Isitmoreadvisabletoupgradeourpresentfacilitiesthantakingtheriskofopeninganewpark?—____________A.Thankyou.B.I'mgladtohearthat.C.Idon'tthinkso.6.—Isitpossibleforyoutoexpandbusinessthere?—_____________A.Ilikeit.B.I'dloveto.C.Yes,Ithinkso.7.Abudgetisanestimationofthe_______and_______overaspecifiedfutureperiodoftime.A.cost;expenseB.revenue;expensesC.revenue;interest8.Ifthebuildingproject__________bytheendofthismonthisdelayed,theconstructioncompanywillbefined.A.tobecompletedB.iscompletedC.beingcompleted9.JohnaswellasMike______justbeenbackfromanimportantmeeting.A.haveB.hasC.had10.Let'sdiscusstheseproblemsatthemeeting,________?A.doweB.shallweC.willyou11.Purchasingthenewproductionlinewillbea__dealforthecompany.A.profitableB.forcefulC.tremendous12.Rent,electricityandinsuranceareallexamplesofthecompany's___.A.overheadB.turnoverC.assets13.Themanagerurgedhisstaffnotto______thesplendidopportunity.A.slideB.missC.escape14.Theyaretryingto__________thewastedischargedbythefactoryforprofit.A.exposeB.exhaustC.exploit15.Theyrecommendedthattheamusementpark________.A.wasextendedB.willbeextendedC.beextended16.Youcangoout,__________youpromisetobebackbefore12o'clock.A.sofarasB.asfarasC.aslongas二、翻译。为下面的句子选择正确的翻译(每题10分)。操作提示:通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。1.Thecostofthenewprojectwillgooverbudget.A.新项目的支出将超过预算。B.新项目的支出将在预算以内。C.新项目的支出将重新核算。2.Howwilltheevaluationoftheseinvestmentsbecarriedout?A.如何进行这些项目的投资?B.如何对这些投资进行评估呢?C.如何对这些项目进行评价?3.Acreditcardisaninterestfreeshort-termloan.A.信用卡是短期的无息贷款。B.信用卡倾向于短期贷款。C.信用卡贷款不用还款。4.Assessingthedataisavitalpartofcreatinganeffectivemarketingstrategy.A.数据评估就是要制定有效市场营销策略。B.数据评估和市场策略都非常重要。C.数据评估是制定有效市场营销策略的重要一环。5.Weshoulddiscouragepeoplefromusingtheircarsinthecitycenters.A.我们应该鼓励人们在市中心开车。B.我们应该鼓励人们不要在市中心开车。C.我们应该劝阻人们不要在市中心开车。二、完型填空(每空10分)。操作提示:通过题目中的下拉选项框选择恰当的词语补全填空。ManypeoplewhoworkinLondonprefertoliveoutsideit,andtogototheiroffices,factoriesorschoolseverydaybytrainorbybus,eventhoughthismeanstheyhavetogetupearlierinthemorningand【arrive】homelaterintheevening.OnebenefitoflivingoutsideLondonisthathousesarecheaper.EvenasmallflatinLondon【without】agardencostsquitealottorent.Withthesamemoney,onecangetalittlehouseinthe【country】withagardenofhisown.Then,inthecountryonecanbefree【from】thenoiseandhurryofthetown.Althoughonehastogetupearlierandspendmoretimeintrainsorbused,onecansleepbetteratnight,and,duringweekendsandonsummerevenings,onecanenjoythefreshcleanairofthecountry.Ifonelikesgardening,onecanspendone'ssparetimedigging,planting,wateringanddoingalotofotherjobswhichareneededinthegarden.Then,whentheflowersandvegetablescomeup,onehastherewardofapersonwhohassharedthesecretsof【nature】.二、阅读理解。阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容，完成相应的选择题。(每题10分)THREESTEPSTOAGOODMARKETINGBUDGETWithoutgoodbudgetmanagement,youarelikelytooverspendonmarketingaccidentally.Herearethreestepsthathelptomakeagoodmarketingbudget.STEP1:ORGANIZEFINANCIALINFORMATIONThefirststepistobeclearofyourcurrentfinancialsituation.Youneedtoknowhowmuchmoneyyourcompanymakesmonthlyandthechangesthatmightariseinthefuture.Althoughincomeflowschangethroughouttheyear,youmustorganizetheinformationbasedonreliablerevenue—theminimumamountofmoneyyourcompanymakeseachmonth.Arealisticbudgetplanwillalwaysfocusontheincomethatexceedstheexpenses,notthetotalrevenuethatcomesin.Whenyouhavedeterminedtheamountofdisposableincomeavailableforthecompany,youshoulddeterminewherethemoneywillgo.STEP2:DETERMINEWHEREYOUWANTTOSPENDMARKETINGFUNDSAfteryouknowthetotalamountavailabletospendonmarketing,thenextstepishowyouplantospendthatmoney.Threemainfactorsdecidehowyouspendmarketingfunds:thebudgetamount,yourpastexperiences,andwhereyoucanreachtherightaudience.Youwillstartorganizinghowtospendthefundsbasedontheamount.Besides,youneedtoconsiderthestrategiesthathaveworkedinthepast.Also,youneedtoconsiderwhichmarketingchannelswillallowyoutoreachtherightaudience.STEP3:ASSESSDATAANDMAKEAPPROPRIATECHANGESThefinalstepinbuildingagoodmarketingbudgetistheanalysisoftheplanandanychangesthatmayimproverevenue.Ultimately,marketingisdesignedtobringinextrarevenue.Iftheactivitydoesnotbringinanyadditionalrevenueoveritscost,thenitisbettertochangestrategyandtrysomethingelse.Assessingthedataisavitalpartofcreatinganeffectivemarketingstrategy.Evaluationbeginswithcomparingpastperformancetotheperformanceaftermarketingtheproductorservices.However,agoodbudgetaloneisnotenough.Youhavetotakeactionandremaincommittedtofollowingthroughyourplan.Bykeepingthebudgetinmindwhenyoumakedecisions,youwillhavetheopportunitytoworkoutdifferentstrategiestofindthebestsolutionsforyourbusinessgoalsandpreventoverspendingonmarketing.操作提示:通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。1.Whatshouldthebudgetplanbebasedon?A.Thecompany'sreliableexpense.B.Thecompany'sreliableincome.C.Thecompany'sreliablecost.2.WhatdoesdisposableincomemeaninPassage3?A.Totalincome.B.Previousincome.C.Netincome.3.Youhavetobeclearof_________whenorganizingfinancialinformation.A.theincomeandexpensesB.themarketingfundC.thebudgetmanagement4.Thethreemainfactorsthatdecidehowyouspendmarketingfundsare_________.A.themoneyyouhaveearned,theactualexpensesandthemoneyyouwillexpendB.thebudgetamount,yourpastexperiencesandwhereyoucanreachtherightaudienceC.theassetsyouhave,theproductandtheincome5.Keepingthebudgetinmindwhenmakingmarketingdecisionswillavoid_______.A.usinglessthanyouearnB.usingmoneyunnecessarilyC.usingmorethanyouearn二、阅读理解。阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容判断文章后的句子是正确(T)还是错误(F)。(每题10分)SAVEMONEYBYUNDERSTANDINGWHYYOUSPENDITTosavemoney,yousimplyneedtospendlessthanyouearn.Itiseasytosay,butwhyisitsodifficulttodo?Toanswerthisquestion,youneedtostudythefactorsthatkeepyouspendingallthetime.EASYACCESSTOCREDITFormostpeople,thisisthebiggestreasonforoverspending.Peoplecaneasilygetacreditcard,simplybyfillingoutashortforminabankorjumpingontheirwebsite.Theycanborrowmoneyfrombankstogoshopping,evenbuycarsorhouses.Whenyouaren'tphysicallyhandingsomeonemoneyoracheckforapurchase,youwillfeelyouarespendingfreemoneyoryouaren'tspendingmoneyatall.Tryusingcashtogetyourspendingundercontrol.MISUSINGCREDITCARDSAcreditcardisaninterestfreeshort-termloan.Whenusedasplanned,thiscanbeapowerfulfinancialtool.Theproblemiswhenyoubegintoletthebalancecontinuefrommonthtomonth.Ifyoumakea$200purchaseonyourcreditcardandfindoutthatattheendofthemonthyoucan'taffordtorepaythefullamount,thisiswhenthehighinterestratesonthecardsreallybegintohurtyou.Thatisnowayofsavingmoney.GIVINGINTOTEMPTATIONWeallneedtoenjoylife,butdon'twasteyourfinancialfutureforafewguiltypleasurestodayiftheyaren'tinyourbudget.Whenyouknowthatyoucan'taffordanactivity,don'tgivein.Instead,inviteyourfriendsoverforahomedinnerparty,