英语非谓语动词讲解6

英语非谓语动词讲解6

Non-finiteverbs,alsoknownasnon-finiteorverbals,areverbformsthatdonotfunctionasthemainverbofthesentence.Theylacktenseandcanfunctionasnouns,adjectives,oradverbs.InEnglish,therearethreetypesofnon-finiteverbs:infinitives,gerunds,andparticiples.

1.Infinitives:

Infinitivesareformedbyadding"to"beforethebaseformoftheverb.Theycanfunctionasnouns,adjectives,oradverbsinasentence.

-Asnouns:

-Toswimishisfavoriteactivity.

-Shewantstogotothemovies.

-Asadjectives:

-Heisthebestpersontoaskforadvice.

-Ihaveabooktoread.

-Asadverbs:

-Hestudiedhardtopasstheexam.

-Shecametohelpus.

Infinitivescanalsobeusedwithotherverbstoexpresspurposeorexpectation:

-Iwenttothestoretobuysomegroceries.

-Shestayeduplatetofinishherproject.

2.Gerunds:

Gerundsareformedbyadding"-ing"tothebaseformoftheverb.Theyfunctionasnounsinasentence.

-Assubjects:

-Learningnewskillsisimportantforpersonalgrowth.

-Singingcanbeastressreliever.

-Asobjects:

-Ienjoyreadingbooks.

-Theypracticedcookingtogether.

-Afterprepositions:

-Sheisgoodatplayingthepiano.

-Heapologizedforbeinglate.

Gerundscanalsobeusedaftercertainverbs,suchasenjoy,like,dislike,andavoid:

-Ienjoyswimmingintheocean.

-Sheavoidseatingspicyfood.

3.Participles:

Participlesareformedbyadding"-ing"or"-ed"tothebaseformoftheverb.Theyfunctionasadjectivesoradverbsinasentence.

-Presentparticiples(-ing):

-Therunningwaterisrefreshing.

-Thecryingbabyneedsattention.

-Pastparticiples(-ed):

-Thedamagedcarneedstoberepaired.

-Theexcitedchildrenopenedtheirpresents.

Participlescanalsobeusedinverbphrasestoformdifferenttenses:

-Shehasfinishedherhomework.

-Theywillhavearrivedbythen.

Itisimportanttonotethedifferencesbetweengerundsandparticiples.Gerundsalwaysfunctionasnouns,whereasparticiplesfunctionasadjectivesoradverbs.

Inconclusion,non-finiteverbsareverbformsthatdonotfunctionasthemainverbofthesentence.Infinitivescanfunctionasnouns,adjectives,oradverbs,whilegerundsfunctionasnounsandparticiplesfunctionasadjectivesoradver