2020-2021学年高一英语下学期期末测试卷 02 （外研版2019）解析版

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2020-2021学年高一英语下学期期末测试卷02（外研版

2019）

考试时间：150分钟：满分：150分

注意事项：

1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息

2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上

第一部分听力（共两节；满分30分）

一、短对话

1.Whatisthewomanlookingfbr?

A.Theexit.B.Aparkingarea.C.Adistantblock.

【答案】B

【原文】

W:Excuseme,mayIparkhere?

M:Sorry,butparkingisnotallowedhere.Youwillneedtoexitthelot,anddriveacoupleof

blocks.Therewillbeapaidparkingareaonyourright.

W:Willdo.Iappreciateyourhelp.

2.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthespeech?

A.Nervous.B.Satisfied.C.Confident.

【答案】A

【原文】

M:Myspeechstartsintenminutes.Pmhavingbutterfliesinmystomach!

W:Youhavebeenfully-preparedandIbelieveitisapieceofcakeforyou.

3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Inakitchen.B.Inagarage.C.Inagrocerystore.

【答案】A

【原文】

M:Oops...I'msorry,Mom,Ibrokeanotherplate.Ishouldprobablyletyoufinish.

W:No,yougoahead.Igotthosedishesatagaragesale.Justbemorecareful!

4.Whichcountryhasthemanalreadybeento?

A.Italy.B.Sweden.C.France.

【答案】A

【原文】

W:TmthinkingabouttakingatriptoEurope.FdliketovisitFrance,England,andItaly.

Wouldyouliketocomewithme?

M:Sure!FvebeentoItaly,though.EvealwayswantedtogotoSweden.Wouldyouconsider

goingthere,too?

5.Whoplayschessregularly?

A.Thewoman.

B.Theman'sfather.

C.Thewoman'sbrother.

【答案】C

【原文】

M:Doyouknowhowtoplaychess?Fmlookingforsomeonetoplayagainstbutnobody

knowshow.

W:Tmafraid1don't,butmybrotherdoes.He'sinanothercountrybutheplaysonlinealot

withmydad.

二、长对话

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Husbandandwife.

B.Touristandtravelagent.

C.Customerandhouseagent.

7.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?

A.Wheretotravel.

B.Whethertobuyahouse.

C.Howtousetheirmoney.

【答案】

6.A

7.C

【原文】

2

M：I'mgoingtotellyouwhatIplantodowiththisamountofmoney.First,weneedtobuy

anewhouse.Thisoneistoosmall.

W：Buyingahousedoesn'tcostallofitifweborrowsomemoneyfromthebank.

M：Iknow.Anditcouldbeabigdealtous.Iprefertomakealargedownpaymentandthen

ourmonthlypaymentswillbesmall.Inaddition,IwouldliketotakeatriptoEurope.

W：Travellingabroad?Ilovethisidea.Wecanbookafamilypackagetour.Andthisdoesn't

costtoomuch.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

8.Whatistheman'sproblem?

A.Hehasabackache.

B.Hetooktoomanypills.

C.Helostcontactwithhisdoctor.

9.WhydoesDoctorGreenbreaktherulefortheman?

A.Heisverypolite.

B.Heisseriouslyill.

C.Hecan'taffordafullcheckup.

【答案】

8.A

9.A

【原文】

W:Sorryaboutthewait.I'mDoctorGreen.

M:Howdoyoudo?

W:Hi.Iseethatyou'reexperiencingsomebackpain.

M:Yes,Iam.Mydoctor'sawayonvacation.Healwaysgivesmethistoreducemypain,but

I'verunoutofmypills.Iwonderif,uh,youmightbeabletogivemesome.

W:Youreallyshouldhaveathoroughcheckup,butyou'rethemostpolitepatientI'veseenall

week,soI'llbreaktheruleforyou.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

10.Wheredoesthewomanwork?

A.Inaradiostation.B.Inahotel.C.Inabuildingcompany.

11.WhyisthewomanlookingforMr.Nash?

A.Tobookahotel.

B.Totalkabouthisconcern.

C.Toinvitehimforaninterview.

12.HowwillthewomangetintouchwithMr.Nash?

A.Bywritingane-mail.

B.Bysendingatextmessage.

C.Bymakingaphonecall.

【答案】

10.A

11.C

12.A

【原文】

M:Hello,Mikespeaking.WhatcanIdoforyou?

W:Hello.ThisisEllaCampbell,andPmcallingfromBrightLightsRadio.CouldIspeakto

yourPRmanager,please?

M:CanIaskwhatyourcallisconcerning?

W:Yes,I'mcallingaboutthenewhotelyourcompanyisbuildingnearthebeachinBrighton.

M:OK.ThePRmanagerisMr.Nash.I'mafraidMr.Nashisnotavailablerightnow.Can1

takeamessage?

W:Yes,couldyouaskhimtocallme?It'squiteurgent.Wewanttointerviewhimonour

radioshow.

M:Tobehonestwithyou,Ms.Campbell,thebestwaytogetintouchwithMr.Nashisto

sendhimane-mail.

W:Ane-mail?Isitnotpossibletosendhimatextmessage?

M:Fmafraidnot.Buthedoesreplytoalle-mails.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

13.HowmuchdoesoneCokeusuallycost?

A.$1.B.$2.C.$6.

14.Whyisthewomanusingsomanyspecialdeals?

A.Sheonlybuysitemsonsale.

B.Sheistryingtosavemoney.

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C.Sheisaregularcustomerofthestore.

15.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?

A.Heworkstwojobs.

B.Hecan'thelpthewoman.

C.Heisgoingtoquithisjobsoon.

16.Whatdoesthemantellthewomantodo?

A.StudybusinessatHarvard.

B.Comebyhiscompany'soffice.

C.Applyforajobatthegrocerystore.

【答案】

13.B

14.B

15.A

16.B

【原文】

W:Ihaveaspecialdealthatsaysthreedrinksforthepriceofone.Iprinteditfromyour

website,see?So,thosethreeCokesshouldonlycostme$2,not$6.

M:Oh,Ididn'tknowaboutthedeal.Mymistake.THadjustthatrightnow.

W:Ialsohavespecialdealsforthesoup,bread,andsandwichmeat.Theyshouldallbe

cheaper.

M:Forsomereason,oursystemdoesn'tshowthedealswhentheitemisscanned.Tilhaveto

typeinthespecialdealsbyhand.Onemoment.

W:Thanks.IneedtosaveallthemoneyIcan.Ijustgotlaidoff.

M:I'msorrytohearthat,Miss.

W:IwenttoHarvardandstudiedbusiness.IneverthoughtI'dbeoutofworkwhenI

graduated.

M:Ialsoworkasanaccountantforatechnologycompany.Wearelookingtohiresomenew

accountantsinvariouspositions.

W:Really?Wow,Iguessit'sagoodthingIcomplainedtoyouaboutgettingfired.

M:Whydon'tyoucomebythecompanyoffice?It'sat3300MainStreet.Howdoes1:00

p.m.tomorrowsound?

W:Soundsgreat.Tilseeyouthen,andthankyoufortheopportunity!

三、短文

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

17.WhichteamhasplayedineveryWorldCup?

A.Brazil.B.Portugal.C.SouthAfrica.

18.Whatisthetrophy（奖杯）namedafter?

A.Afamousplace.B.Aspecialstadium.C.Theorganizer.

19.Howmanycitieswasthe2018WorldCupheldin?

A.32.B.15.C.11.

20.WhydoesthespeakersayJapanmadehistory?

A.Theywonthechampiononce.

B.TheybeataSouthAmericanteam.

C.Theymadetheirfourthappearance.

【答案】

17.A

18.C

19.C

20.B

【解析】

【原文】

Thisyear'sWorldCuptookplaceinRussia.32teamscompetedforthetitleofWorld

Championforthenextfouryears.ThefirstWorldCupwasheldin1930.Itisheldeveryfour

years.Brazilisthemostsuccessfulteam.TheyhavewontheWorldCup5times.Theyarethe

onlyteamthathasplayedineverygame.OnlyteamsfromEuropeandSouthAmericahave

wonthechampion.ThewinnerisawardedtheJulesRimettrophy.Itisnamedafterthe

organizerofthefirstgame.Thegamewasheldin11differentcitiesinRussia.Thefinal

matchplayedonJuly15atLuzhnikiStadiuminMoscow.Japanmadehistorywhentheybeat

Colombia2-1.TheywerethefirstAsianteamtobeataSouthAmericanteamatthegame.

CristianoRonaldoalsomadehisfourthappearanceattheWorldCupwithPortugal.英语听

力是多种能力的综合训练。在做听力时要注意：首先扫视材料.预测内容。首先要扫视

材料，预测内容。要先迅速扫视书面文字中的题干及选项，通过扫视联系上下文，听的时

6

候才能有的放矢。尤其是前5小题要进行预测。第二学会取舍，理解内容。听力考试

中最忌讳的就是词词计较。不求听懂每个单词，第三要注重首句，抓住主旨。在短对话

中可以根据选项留心对话内容，特别要注意转折性的关联词;在长对话和短文中,要留心

重读关键词，注意文章起始和结尾部分的主题句及提示上下文关系的关联词。第四耍

简单记录，便于辨认。养成边听边做记号和做笔记的习惯。有许多细节题型，要在选项上

作出记号,留下适当提示，以助后面的答题。第五连贯记忆，准确推理。听完试题后，要前

后联系，利用后面听到的信息补充前面漏听的或有疑问的信息，并对听前、听中的预测和

判断加以推理、分析、修正，以使理解的准确性更高。这样才能连贯记忆，准确推理。如

“HowmuchmoredoesLucasneedforthecellphone?nA.$300.B.$500,C.$800.此听力中

我们会听到"Ihave$500now,butthephonecosts$800.Mybosssaidhewouldgivemea

risenextmonth”此时我们要根据听到的这两个数字推断出答案是A。最后提醒大家，在

做听力考试试题时，要消除紧张情绪,集中注意力。

第一部分阅读理解（共两节；满分50分）

第一节（共15题；每题2.5分，满分37.5分）

A

ThingstodoinLondonthisweekend

TakealookatourlistsofexactlywhatisopeningupinLondon.

LambethCountryShow

Sadly,thefestivalofcountrysidewon'tbegoingaheadinitsusualhomeofBrockwell

Parkthisyear.But,theshowisbeingtakenonlineinstead.Allyourfavouritepartsofthefair

willbeonlinethisweekend,includingtheVegetableSculptureCompetitionandtheother

usualflowershowcompetitions,local-themedtalksandmusicperformances.

WalthamstowGardenParty

Thefreetwo-dayfestivalinE17isgoingonlinethisyear.Overtheweekendyoucan

appreciatemusicanddanceperformances,joinavirtualbeertasting,andtakepartinonline

T*aiChi.Don'tmissthemostexcitingpartoftheweekend:EastLondonRadio'sfirst-ever

liveshowtakingplaceacrosstheweekendandlivemusicfromStMary'sChurch.

ColumbiaRoadFlowerMarket

TheColumbiaRoadFlowerMarketisreopeningthisweekend.However,itwilllook

andfeelquitedifferent.Stalls（摊位）willbespreadout,nearbyroadswillbeclosedandthere

willbealimitonthenumberofpeoplewhocanenterthemarket.

BrixtonCourtyard

AnewbeergardenisopeninginBrixtonwithDJmusic,beertastingsandmore.South

LondonmusicvenueBrixtonJammhasgottenitsoutdoorspacebackintogoodcondition

withspaced-outstallsandpicnicspots.

21.WhatcanyoudoinWalthamstowGardenParty?

A.Havealocal-themedtalk.B.Appreciatebeautifulflowers.

C.Tastecoffee.D.Enjoymusic.

22.WhatofthefollowingmeasureswillbetakeninColumbiaRoadFlowerMarket?

A.Requestingvisitorstostandinline.B.Limitingthenumberofvisitors.

C.Reducingthenumberofthestalls.D.Forbiddingtravelerstovisit.

23.Whichactivitywillyoupreferifyouwanttohaveapicnic?

A.LambethCountryShow.B.WalthamstowGardenParty.

C.ColumbiaRoadFlowerMarket.D.BrixtonCourtyard.

【答案】

21.D

22.B

23.D

【分析】

这是一篇应用文，介绍了周末的时候在伦敦可以做的事情和可以去的游玩地点。

21.

细节理解题。根据“WalthamstowGardenParty”部分第二句“Overtheweekendyoucan

appreciatemusicanddanceperformances,joinavirtualbeertasting,andtakepartinonline

TbiChi.”（在周末，你可以欣赏音乐和舞蹈表演，参加一个虚拟的啤酒品尝会，并参加

在线太极。河知，在“WalthamstowGardenParty”你可以享受音乐。故选D。

22.

细节理解题。根据"ColumbiaRoadFlowerMarket”部分第三句“Stalls（摊位）willbe

spreadout,nearbyroadswillbeclosedandtherewillbealimitonthenumberofpeoplewho

canenterthemarket.”（摊位将被分散，附近的道路将被关闭，并将限制进入市场的人

数。）可知，在“ColumbiaRoadFlowerMarket”里会限制游客数量。故选B。

23.

细节理解题。根据“BrixtonCourtyard”部分最后一句"SouthLondonmusicvenueBrixton

Jammhasgottenitsoutdoorspacebackintogoodconditionwithspaced-outstallsandpicnic

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spots.”（伦敦南部的音乐场馆BrixtonJamm已经把它的户外空间恢复到良好的状态，有

分隔的摊位和野餐地点。）可知，如果想要野餐，你会想去BrixtonCourtyard。故选

Do

B

IrememberexactlyhowIfeltwhenIwaslisteningtoinstructionsonwhattodointhe

waterformyfirsteverwhitewaterrafting（漂流）trip.Itwasamixtureoffearand

excitement-feelingsIusuallygetbeforeIbeginanewadventure.IhadbeeninCostaRica

forthreedaysandoneofmygoalsforthetripwastoraftdownthebeautifulPacuareRiver.

IthinkitisstorieslikethisthatleadpeopletotellmeIhaveanadventurousspirit.But

wasthisexperiencereallyadventurous?Mytourguidehasgonedowntherivermanytimes,

buttheexcitementwasgoneandhewasjustdoinghisjob.AnothercoupleIhadmetonthe

triphadbeentoCostaRicasixtimes.Tothem,itwasjustanothertrip.

Ithinkabigpartofanyadventureisinthenovelty（新鲜）oftheexperience.Youhaveto

breaknewgroundandexperiencewhatyou'veneverexperiencedbefore.Partofthefunof

adventuresliesinnotknowingwhattheresultwillbe.That'snotsomethingyougetfrom

thingsyouknowreallywell.

Thesecondfeatureofadventureisfear.Anythingadventuroushasalittlebitoffearinit.

Thatdoesn'tnecessarilymeanovercomingyourbiggestfears.Justalittlefearisallthatis

needed.

Itdoesn'tmatterifthethingyou'redoinghasbeendonebeforebyotherpeople.Ifitis

newtoyouandsomethingyoufeelnervousabout,itisadventurous.Thisiswhymyrafting

downtheriverinCostaRicawasadventuroustomewhiletomyguide,itwasjustanother

dayonthejob.

Forme,oneofthegreatestthingsaboutadventureishowitaffectsmeinternally（内在

地）.Beforeanadventureyouonlyrecognizeyourlimits;afterwardsyourealizethatyouhave

nolimits.That'sanamazingthingtothinkaboutandsomethingIthinkeveryoneshould

experience.

24.Howdidtheauthorfeelbeforethefirstwhitewaterrafting?

A.Excitedbuthesitant.B.Calmandhopeful.

C.Amusedandrelaxed.D.Excitedbutfearful.

25.Whydidtheguideandthecouplefeeldifferentfromtheauthor?

A.Becausethetriplostfreshnesstothem.

B.Becausetheyweredoingtheirseparatejobs.

C.Becausetheyovercametheirfearscompletely.

D.Becausetheydidn'tlikethetripactually.

26.Whatispartialfunofadventuresfromaccordingtothethirdparagraph?

A.Overcomingthebiggestfear.B.Knowingsomethingwell.

C.Facingtheunknownresult.D.Breakingone'soldground.

27.Whatisthetextabout?

A•Firstexperienceofwhitewaterraftingtrip.

B.Loveforoutdooradventurousexperience.

C.MemoryoflivinginCostaRica.

D.Understandingoftheadventurousspirit.

【答案】

24.D

25.A

26.C

27.D

【分析】

这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在冒险时的感受以及对冒险的喜爱。

24.

推理判断题。根据第——段中“Itwasamixtureoffearandexcitement—feelingsIusuallyget

befbreIbeginanewadventure."（在开始新的冒险之前，我通常会感觉到的恐惧和兴奋

的感觉混合在一起。）可知作者在第一次漂流之前的感觉是兴奋又恐惧的。故选D

项。

25.

细节理解题。根据第二段中“Mytourguidehasgonedowntherivermanytimes,butthe

excitementwasgoneandhewasjustdoinghisjob”（我的导游无数次下河了，兴奋感已

不存在，他只是在做自己的工作。）可知导游和这对夫妻与作者感觉不同是因为这次旅

行对他们而言己经失去了新鲜感。故选A项。

26.

细节理解题。根据第三段中“Partofthefunofadventuresliesinnotknowingwhatthe

resultwillbe."（冒险的乐趣之一在于不知道结果会是什么。）可推知冒险的部分乐趣是

10

面对未知的结果。故选c项。

27.

主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Forme,oneofthegreatestthingsaboutadventureishowit

affectsmeinternally."（对我来说，冒险的最大好处之一就是它可以影响我的内在。）以

及最后一句"That'sanamazingthingtothinkaboutandsomethingIthinkeveryoneshould

experience."（这是一件令人惊奇的事情，我想每个人都应该经历。）可知这篇文章主要

讲述了作者在冒险时的感受以及对冒险的喜爱，表达了作者对于冒险精神的理解。故

选D项。

C

Artandsciencemayseemlikeoppositethings.Onemeansthecreativeflowof

ideas,andtheothermeanscold,harddata-somepeoplebelieve.Infact,thetwohavemuch

incommon.Now,astudyfindsartcanhelpstudentsrememberbetterwhattheylearnedin

scienceclass.

MarialeHardiman,aneducationspecialistatJohnsHopkinsUniversity,noticedthat

studentswhousedartintheclassroomlistenedmorecarefully.Theymightaskmore

questions.Theymightvolunteermoreideas.What'smore,studentsseemedtoremember

moreofwhattheyhadbeentaughtwhentheirsciencelessonshadinvolved（涉及）art.To

provethat,Hardimanteamedupwithsomeresearchersandsixlocalschools.

Intheexperiment,theresearchersworkedwithteachersin16fifth-gradeclassrooms.

Theyprovidedtraditionalsciencelessonsandart-focusedones.Inatraditionalscienceclass,

forexample,studentsmightreadaloudfromabook.Intheart-focusedone,theymightsing

theinformationinstead.

Theteamrandomlyassigned（随机分配）eachofthe350studentstoeithera

traditionalscienceclassroomoranart-focusedone.Studentsthenlearnedscienceusingthat

wayforthewholeunit-aboutthreeweeks.Whentheychangedtoanewtopic,theyalso

changedtotheothertypeofclass.Thisway,eachstudenthadbothanart-focusedclassanda

traditionalone.Everyunitwastaughtinbothways,todifferentgroupsofstudents.This

enabledtheresearcherstoseehowstudentsdidinbothtypesofclasses.

Theteamfoundthatstudentswhostartedoffintraditionalclassesperformedbetterafter

theymovedintoanart-fbeusedclass.Butthosewhostartedinanart-fbeusedclassdidwell

evenwhentheywentbacktoatraditionalscienceclass.Thesestudentsappearedtousesome

ofthearttechniques（技巧）aftergoingbacktoatraditionalclass.Classroomteachers

reportedthatmanystudentscontinuedtosingthesongsthattheylearnedafterfinishingthe

unit."Themorewehearsomething,themoreweretainit,"Hardimansays.nItsuggeststhat

theartsmayhelpstudentsapplycreativewaysoflearningontheirown.”

28.WhydidMarialeHardimandothestudy?

A.Toprovetheimportanceofartatschool.

B.Toseeifartmightimprovesciencelearning.

C.Tofindawaytohelpherstudentslearnbetter.

D.Toknowhowtoencouragestudentstoaskquestions.

29.Whatwerethestudentsrequiredtodointheexperiment?

A.Learnthreeunitsintotal.

B.Taketwotypesofclasses.

C.Learntwotopicsforthreeweeks.

D.Choosewhatthey'dliketolearn.

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"retain0inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Finish.B.Express.

C.Improve.D.Memorize.

31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Arthelpsstudentsdevelopcreativity.

B.Art-focusedclassesintereststudentsalot

C.Artcanmakescienceeasiertoremember.

D.Arthassomethingincommonwithscience.

【答案】

28.B

29.B

30.D

31.C

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究发现艺术可以帮助学生更好地记住他们在科学

课上学到的东西。

28.

细节理解题。根据第二段"What'smore,studentsseemedtoremembermoreofwhatthey

12

hadbeentaughtwhentheirsciencelessonshadinvolved（涉及）art.Toprovethat,

Hardimanteamedupwithsomeresearchersandsixlocalschools.''（更重要的是，当科学

课程涉及到艺术时，学生们似乎能记住更多他们所学到的东西。为了证明这一点，

Hardiman与一些研究人员和六所当地学校合作）可知，MarialeHardiman的研究是为

了证明之术是否能够提高科学学习。故选B项。

29.

细节理解题。根据第四段中"Theteamrandomlyassigned（随机分配）eachofthe350

studentstoeitheratraditionalscienceclassroomoranart-fbcusedone.^^（研究小组将350

名学生随机分为两组，一组是传统的科学教室，另一组是艺术教室）以及“Thisenabled

theresearcherstoseehowstudentsdidinbothtypesofclasses.''（这使得研究人员能够看

到学生在这两种类型的课堂上的表现）等内容可知，在实验中，学生被要求选两种类

型的课。故选B项。

30.

词句猜测题。根据画线词后的“Itsuggeststhattheartsmayhelpstudentsapplycreative

waysoflearningontheirown."（这表明，艺术可以帮助学生应用创造性的自学方法）可

知，艺术有助于学生的学习，因此此处是说我们听到的越多，我们记住（学到）的就

越多，由此可知画线词词义为“记住”，故选D项。

31.

主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中“Now,astudyfindsartcanhelpstudents

rememberbetterwhattheylearnedinscienceclass."（现在，一项研究发现，艺术可以帮

助学生更好地记住他们在科学课上学到的东西）可知，文章主要介绍艺术可以帮助学

生更容易记住科学课上学到的东西。故选C项。

D

Itisquiteapparentthatcompetitionsurroundseveryaspectofhumanlifewhetherinthe

UnitedStatesortheAmazonrainforest.Withoutitwewouldnothavegrownintoprimates

（灵长类动物）.Orwewouldprobablystillbestrugglingtosharpenabronzetoolwhile

crawlingaroundonfourlegsinsearchofmeat.Withoutcompetition,Columbuswouldn't

havediscoveredAmericaandEdisonwouldneverhaveinventedthelightbulb.

Friendship,likeallrelationshipsbetweentwopeople,involvescompetition.Itisn't

competitioninatraditionalsensebecausetherearenogoalstobescoredandnoprize.

Perhapstheecologicaldefinition・一thesimultaneous（同时）demandbytwoormore

organismsforlimitedenvironmentalresources,suchasnutrients,livingspace,orlight---

betterexplainsit.

Asinnature,highschoollifeisgovernedbyasetoflaws,similartoashortenedversion

ofDarwin'stheoryofevolution,overpopulation,andcompetition.Thereisanabundanceof

highschoolstudentsandtodistinguishthem,rankingandcategorizing（分类）takeplace.In

highschool,friendshipslearntocoexistwithcompetitioneventhoughattimesthe

relationshipisrough.Infact,insomecircumstance,competitionistoomuchofaburdenfora

friendshiptobear,causingittofallapart.Collegeadmissionisthefinalhighschoolobjective.

Fouryearsofhardworkistoachievegoodgrades,andastudenfsfateisdeterminednotonly

bytheseachievements,butbytherecordsofthousandsofotherseniorstryingtoachievea

similarrecognition.

Nevertheless,bynecessity,competitionbetweenstudentsexistsinallaspectsofhigh

schoollife.Itsetsandimprovesthestandardsineverythingfromsportstoschoolwork.A

healthy,friendlycompetitioncanhaveonlybenefits,butwhenitbecomestoofierce,jealousy

（妒忌）cantearfriendshipsapart.Yet,despiteallthis,withoutcompetition,wewouldbelost.

32.Whatdoestheecologicaldefinitionmainlyexplain?

A.Howtowinthecompetition.

B.Howfriendscompetewitheachother.

C.Whatcompetitionexactlyis.

D.Whattheresultofcompetitionis.

33.Accordingtothewriter,wecaninferthathighschoolstudentscompeteisbecause.

A.theyknowthelawsofnaturewell.

B.theyaredividedintodifferentgroups.

C.friendshipisaburdenforthem.

D.thenumberofthemistoolarge.

34.Whichbestdescribestherelationshipoffriendshipandcompetition?

A.Friendshipisalwaysbasedoncompetition.

B.Thedegreeofcompetitionisvitaltofriendship.

C.Competitionisaresultoflostfriendship.

D.Competitionisterriblyharmfultofriendships.

35.Whatdoestheauthorthinkof“competition”？

A.Theresultofcompetitionareoutofcontrol.

B.Competitionbecomesfierceinhighschool.

14

C.Competitioniscertaintohappenatschool.

D.Friendshipisnotasimportantascompetitionatschool.

【答案】

32.C

33.D

34.B

35.C

【分析】

这是一篇议论文。讲述了竞争推动了人类社会的发展，以及如何在竞争和友谊中寻找

平衡。

32.

细节理解题。根据第二段“Perhapstheecologicaldefinition—thesimultaneous（同时）

demandbytwoormoreorganismsfbrlimitedenvironmentalresources,suchasnutrients,

livingspace,orlight-betterexplainsit."（也许生态学的定义---两个或两个以上的有机

体同时对有限的环境资源（如营养、生存空间或光线）的需求——能更好地解释这一

点。）可知，生态定义主要解释了竞争是什么。故选C项。

33.

细节理解题。根据第三段第二句"Thereisanabundanceofhighschoolstudentsandto

distinguishthem,rankingandcategorizing（分类）takeplace.^^（这里有大量的高中生,为

了区分他们，要对他们进行排名和分类。）可知造成高中生竞争的原因是高中生数量庞

大。故选D项。

34.

推理判断题。根据"Ahealthy,friendlycompetitioncanhaveonlybenefits,butwhenit

becomestoofierce,jealousy（妒忌）cantearfriendshipsapart.”（健康、友好的竞争只能带

来好处，但当竞争变得过于激烈时，嫉妒就会使友谊破裂。）可知，竞争的程度对友谊

至关重要。故选B项。

35.

细节理解题。根据“Nevertheless,bynecessity,competitionbetweenstudentsexistsinall

aspectsofhighschoollife."（然而，学生之间的竞争必然存在于高中生活的各个方面。）

可知，作者认为，学校里肯定会有竞争。故选C项。

【点睛】

阅读理解题的解题方法，首先，宏观浏览，掌握大意。不要困扰在个别词汇的翻译

上，偶有生词，走为上计。其次，读懂题干，带着问题再去微观细读。最后，分析句

子，慎思明辨。阅读理解题之细节理解解题要注意：1.排除干扰项，突出主题。2.按文

章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关信息，预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事

实。3.将注意力放在寻找你所需要的细节上，快速浏览，•目十行。发现细节，十目

一行，放慢速度，仔细核对•比较，直到找到正确答案。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

HowtoMakeaDifferencetotheWorld

Manypeoplebelievethattheydon'thavewhatittakestomakeadifferencetotheworld.

TheybelieveonlypeoplelikeMotherTeresa,ThomasEdison,AlbertEinsteinandBillGates

areabletodoso.36.Thefollowingisaguideastohowsmallpeoplelikeuscanmakea

differencetotheworld.

1.Itneednotbeanenormoustask.

37.Inthiscase,youalreadyhavewhatittakestomaketheworldabetterplace.

Makingadifferencetotheworldmayseemlikeanenormoustask,butitisinfactthe

collectiveeffortofeveryonetomakesmallcontributions.Thesizeofthecontributionisnot

whatmattersmost.Thekeyhereistohavethehearttodoit.

2.Startnow.

Thereisnoonebesttimetostarttomakeadifferencetotheworld.Youdon'tneedto

waittillyouhavethetimetosharesomelove;youdon'thavetowaittillyouearnmore

moneytoshareapieceofbread.Littleeffortscount.38.

3.39.

Asthesayinggoes,4€Giveamanafish;youfeedhimforaday.Teachhimhowtofish,

andyoufeedhimforalifetime."Thegoodthatweseektodowillmakemoreofadifference

whenthereisalong-lastingeffectratherthanatemporaryeffect.40.Andwhenmore

peoplereceiveeducation,theywillinturnprovidemorevaluetotheworld.

A.Forexample,buildingaschoolwillbenefitmanypeopleforyearstocome.

B.Nobodycandoeverything,buteveryonecandosomething.

C.Seektomakealong-lastingeffect.

D.Youcanstartmakingsmallcontributionstoday.

E.Ifyoucan'tfeedahundredpeople,thenfeedjustone.

F.Thetruthis,everyoneofuscanmakeitinourownuniqueway.

16

G.Stopcomplaininganddosomething.

【答案】

36.F

37.E

38.D

39.C

40.A

【分析】

本文是一篇议论文。许多人只相信名人才会对世界有影响，其实每个人都可以对世界

有影响，文章围绕小人物怎么去世界产生影响展开。

36.

上一句提到“许多人只相信名人才会对世界有影响。”承接上文，F选项“每个人都可以

做到。”切题。该选项中的makeit对应上文中的makeadifference。该选项对应下一句

中的smallpeopleo故选F项。

37.

由下文中的“butitisinfactthecollectiveeffortofeveryonetomakesmallcontributions”可

知，事实上每个人的集体努力可以做出小的贡献，E选项“如果你不能喂饱一百个人，

那你就喂饱一个人。”切题。强调个体也可以做出贡献，故选E项。

38.

该段标题“Startnow”建议我们从现在开始，和这个主题呼应，D选项“你可以今天开始

做一些小的贡献。”切题。故选D项。

39.

第三部分首先说了Asthe