中考英语语法复习-it用法

it用法it作为人称代词的用法it作为人称代词时，可指代除人以外的动植物和物品，意为“它”，有时也可指代婴儿或性别不明确的某人。Ikeepadog.It’sveryclever.BoblefthisEnglishbookathome.Hecalledhismothertosendittoschool.Thebabyissleeping.Itmustbequitetired.Someoneisknockingthedoor.Whoisit?it可指代this或that---What’sthisinEnglish?---It’sanorange.That’syourbike,isn’tit?it作为非人称代词的用法it作为非人称代词可指时间、天气、距离以及上文出现过的内容。it还可以作不定式、分词、动名词的形式主语和形式宾语。指时间---Whattimeisitnow?---It’s10:30.---What’sthedatetoday?---It’sJune1st.指天气It’sveryhottoday.Itwassunnyyesterday.Wedecidetogotothezooifitdoesn’trainontheweekend.指距离---Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?---It’sabouttenminutes’walk.It’slessthanfivekilometersfromthebanktothepostoffice.指上文出现过的内容---Whenisyourbirthday?---It’sonAugust10th.EveryoneenjoysMissWang’sclassbecauseit’sreallyinteresting.Sarahdidn’tcomebackhomeat11intheevening.Itworriedhermother.作形式主语（代替不定式短语、动名词短语）It’snotyourfaulttomisstheflight.It’sverykindofyoutohelpwithmymath.It’snecessaryforustodosomeexerciseeveryday.IttookmetenhourstoarriveinBeijing.It’snousebuyingabookbutnotreadingit.作形式宾语（代替不定式短语、动名词短语）Wefinditimpossibletogetthereinthreedays.Theyconsideritgoodforchildrentodrinkmilkinthemorning.Someparentsthinkitnecessarytodeveloptheirchildren’slearningability.Ibelieveitimportantgraspingaforeignlanguage.强调句结构：Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who...，该结构用于强调主语、宾语、状语等，但不能强调谓语动词。Iboughtthisbookyesterdaymorning.ItwasyesterdaymorningthatIboughtthisbook.ItwasthisbookthatIboughtyesterday.ItwasIwho/thatboughtthisbookyesterdaymorning.（注意：当强调部分指人时，用who或that都可以；除此之外都用that）强调句和定语从句的区别强调句去除“itis/was...that”仍是完整的句子，定语从句则不是。Itwasasummerwhenwemet.（定语从句）Itwasinasummerthatwemet.（强调句）Itisthefactorywhereheworks.（定语从句）Itisinthefactorythatheworks.（强调句）注意语境，尤其是一问一答时---Wheredidyoumeetthefamouswriter?---ItwasintherestaurantwherewewenttohavedinnerlastTuesday.（定语从句）/Itwasintherestaurantthatwemetthefamouswriter.（强调句）it常用句型It+v.+todosth.Ittakesheraweektofinishreadingthisbook.Itcostmefivehundreddollars.It+be+adj.+todosth.It’sgladtoseeyougain.ItwasfunnytovisitUncleLi’sfarm.It+be+adj.+forsb.todosth.（用于形容事情）Itwasnoteasyforhimtoovercomethedifficulty.It’simpossibleformetofinishthetaskwithoutyou.It+be+adj.+ofsb.todosth.（用于形容人）It’sniceofyoutohelpmecarrytheheavybox.It’shelpfulofhimtodochoreswithhisparents.It+be+n.+todosth.It’smypleasuretointroduceyoutomyfriends.It’sgreatfuntravellingwithsomanyfriends.Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since...It’s/hasbeenmorethantenyearssincewemetoneanotherlasttime.It’s/hasbeentwentyyearssincehegaveupsmoking.It+is+thefirst/second/thirdtime+that...（现在完成时）ItisthefirsttimethatIhaveseenthefilm.It’sthesecondtimethatshehasreadTreasureIsland.It+was+thefirst/second/thirdtime+that...（过去完成时）Itwasthethirdtimethathehadbeenthenaturalmuseum.Itwasthefourthtimethatmycousinshadvisitedme.Itwas+时间段+before...“过了多久才......”Itwastwohoursbeforehereachedmyhome.（过了2小时他才到我家。）Itwasthreeyearsbeforethebookwaspublished.（过了3年这本书才出版。）Itwasnot+时间段+before...“没过多久就......”Itwasn’tanhourbeforeshefinishedherhomework.（不到1小时她就完成了家庭作业。）Itwasn’thalfofamonthbeforehereturnedhome.（不到半个月他就回家了。）Itwillbe+时间段+before...“要过多久才......”Itwillbemanyyearsbeforetheymeeteachotheragain.（要过很多年他们才能在相见。）Itwillbe20hoursbeforemybrotherarrivesinNewYork.（要过20个小时我哥哥才到达纽约。）Itwillnotbe+时间段+before...“没过多久就......”Itwon’tbelongbeforeIhavearobot.（不久，我就会拥有一个机器人。）Itwon’tbeonemonthbeforeIbecomeacollegestudent.（不到1个月我就是一名大学生了。）it,one,that用法比较it表示特指，可以代替可数和不可数名词，直接指代前文提到的同一事物；Thisdressisbeautiful.Iwanttobuyit.Idon’twanttodrinkthetea.It’stoohot.Lookatthiscat.It’ssocute.Mycellphoneisonyourtable.Canyoupassittome?one表示泛指，只能指代可数名词，并且是同类不同物；Yourcameraisuseful.I’mgoingtobuyone.Thesweateristoobig.Couldyougivemeanotherone?Davidgotamodelplanefromhisfatherasabirthdaygift.Ialsowantedone.that表示特指，一般用于比较级的句子中，代替前面提到的“同类”事物中的另一个，可代替可数和不可数名词。TheweatherinGuangzhouishotterthanthatinBeijinginsummer.ThelengthoftheNileislongerthanthatofYangtzeRiver.Thesizeofourschoolislagerthanthatofyours.练习：1.Peoplethink_____moreandmore_____toprotecttheenvironment.A.that;impossibleB.it;importantC.this;necessaryD./:interesting2.Thebabysmiledwhen______saw______mother.A.he;itsB.it;hisC.it;itsD.she;its3._____isgenerous_____thelittlegirltosharehertoyswiththeotherkids.A.It;of B.That;of C.It;forD.That;for4.Jack,someoneinyourclasscalledyoulastnight. -Oh,whowas_____?heB.sheC.itD.that---Thereisstillacopyofthebook“AliceinWonderland”inthelibrary.Willyougoandborrow_____?---No,I’dratherbuy_____inthebookstore.A.it;itB.one;oneC.one;itD.it;one6.-AlatestEnglishnewspaper,please!-Onlyonecopyleft.Wouldyouliketohave__,sir?A.it B.one C.this D.that 7._____wasonFridaymorning______LucyarrivedinShanghai.A.This;when B.That;that C.It;thatD.It;when8.-Excuseme.Iwanttobuysomestamps.WherecanIfindapostoffice?-Iknow____notfarfromhere.Youcaneasilyfind____. that;it B.it;one C.one;it D.that;oneSomepeoplehavebeenillfromastrongdiseasethesedays.Thedoctorhaveneverheardof______before.ThatB.thisC.itD.oneI’dappreciate_____ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousecom