2022届高考英语各省模拟试题汇编卷 全国甲卷

2022届高考英语各省模拟试题汇编卷

全国甲卷

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

（2022•福建•厦门一中高一开学考试）Travellingtheworldissomethingthatleavesanimpacton

yourbeing.Hereisalistofinspiringdestinationsthatareboundtochangeyourlife.Somecompletely

influencedwhoIamtoday,andsomeareattheverytopofmybucketlist.

Kenya

ThebeautifulMaasaipeopleareasymboloffamilyandlove,andalthoughsomeoftheircultural

traditionsmaynotbeacceptedbyeveryone,theirwillingnesstoacceptothersandcherishthebeautyof

Kenyaistrulyhardtoignore.

Kenya'sincrediblelandshowedmetheimportanceofappreciatingalllivingbeingsandhelpedme

recognizethatregardlessofourspecies,wehavefarmoresimilaritiesthandifferences.Visitingthis

countrymademerealizethatlivinginharmonywithwildlifeissomethingthatweallshouldfightfor,no

matterwherewemightbeintheworld.

Myanmar

UnlikesomanyotherdestinationinAsiathathavebeencrowdedbytourists,thiscounty5shistoric

appearanceisstillentirelyexistent.Ancienttemplesarescatteredacrosstheland,andthequiet,peaceful

Buddhistapproachtolifeisstillverymuchcommon.

Formanypeople,Myanmarisadestinationthatbroughtpeacebackintotheirlives.Duetoitslarge

Buddhistpopulation.——almost90%infact——thiscountrymakesyouappreciatealllifeonEarthlikenever

before,whileitsuntouchedlandscapesmakeyoufallheadoverheelswiththeworld.

MuchlikeIndia,thisisadiversecountrywherepeoplelivesidebysideinharmony,regardlessof

religions.

India

Indiaisaplacethatteachesyousomanyimportantlifelessons.Alotofpeoplehaveaskedmewhat

itwasaboutthiscountrythatmademechangesomuch,andIhonestlycouldn'ttellyou.It'satrue

mixtureofseeingvarioussights,beingabsorbedintheuniqueatmosphere,andlearningaboutspirituality

andmanydiversereligions.

1.WhatinfluencedidvisitingKenyahaveontheauthor?

A.Itlethimaccepttheirculturaltraditions.

B.Itbroughtpeacebackintohislife.

C.Ithelpedhimappreciateallcreatures.

D.Itmadehimrealizeallspeciesaresodifferent.

2.WhatdoMyanmarandIndiahaveincommon?

A.Thevariousreligions.B.Theabundantwildlife.

C.Theuntouchedscenery.D.Thecrowdedtemples.

3.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?

A.Anewsreport.B.Atravelblog.

C,Asciencemagazine.D.Ageographytextbook.

（2022•广西柳州•二模）Theveggieburger（素食汉堡）：thissimplenon-meatburgerisamainmeal

foravegetarian.Sowhatisaveggieburger?Aveggieburgerissimilartoanordinaryhamburger,except

thatitismeat-free,commonlymadefromingredientssuchasbeans,tofu,nuts,grainsandmushrooms.In

manycases,thedifferencesbetweenthemeathamburgerandveggieburgerareclear,butImpossible

FoodsCompanyplanstoputanendtothat.TheImpossibleburgerismadeofaplant-basedproductthat

lookslikeblood.Itclearlylooks,smellsandevenbleedslikemeat,butit'sgrowninalab.TheImpossible

saysthisburgerishardtotellfromrealmeat,about47%similar,accordingtoatestconductedamong

meatlovers.

Theplant-basedburgerreceivesincreasingattentionfromthepublic.Marketingisonegoodreason:

plant-basedmeatproductsattractmeat-loversandvegetariansalikeduetotheirhealthbenefits.Ifyoucan

havethefoodyouloveatalowerhealthcost,whywouldn'tyou?

Anotherreasonwhymanypeopleresistmeatproductisthattheymayseektoreduceanimal

sufferingorthemeatindustry'slargeenvironmentalimpact.Meatproductionisresponsiblefor18%of

totalgreenhousegases,accordingtotheFoodandAgricultureOrganization（FAO）.However,theymay

stillmissthetasteofmeat.

Finally,"thereareassociatedfeelingsandmemoriesthatgowithcertainfoods,,9saysThomasBanks,

BBCLearningEnglishproducerand15-yearvegetarian.<4Ididn'tgrowupavegetarianandsometimesI

missmyfamily'scooking.Plant-basedmeatallowsmetohaveagoodhome-cookedmealthat?sjustlike

mumusedtomake.”

Itisreportedthattheglobalmeatsubstitutemarketwasvaluedat$4,512.1millionin2019,andis

predictedtoreach$8,823.6millionby2027,showinganannualgrowthrateof7.2%from2021to2027.

Accordingtorecentstudies,30%ofAmericansarenotonlyleavingmeatofftheirplatesbutalsoseeking

outmoreplant-basedmeatsubstitutes.

4.WhatdoesImpossibleFoodsCompanyintendtodo?

A.Tomakeveggieburgerlooklikemeathamburger.

B.Todistractpeople'sinterestinmeathamburger.

C.Toexpandthenumbersofveggieburgerlovers.

D.Topersuademorepeopletohavelessmeathamburger.

5.Whydomanypeoplebecomevegetarians?

A.Theydon'tfavorthetasteofmeat.

B.Theywanttodosomegoodtoanimalwelfare.

C.Theyopposetheenvironmentalsustainability.

D.Theywanttomeettheneedoftheirfinancialbenefits.

6.Whatcanweknowfromthetext?

A.FAOisthepioneerforthemeatlessindustry.

B.Theplant-basedmeatcanbegrownineveryhouseholdgarden.

C.Livestockproductionisresponsiblefbr80%oftotalgreenhousegases.

D.Vegetarianscangetmeat-likefoodexperiencesfromtheplant-basedmeat.

7.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisstatementsinthelastparagraph?

A.Bylistingvariousreasons.B.Bygivingadefinition.

C.Bypresentingstatistics.D.Byanalyzingstrengthsandweaknesses.

C

（2022•四川•成都七中二模）ElonMuskisn'tcontentwithelectriccars,shootingpeopleintoorbit

andpopulatingMars.Healsowantstogetinsideyourbrain.

Hisgoalistodevelopdevicesthatcanprovidetreatmenttoneural（神经的）diseases・andthatmayone

daybepowerfulenoughtoputhumanityonanequalfootingwithpossiblefuturesuperintelligent

computers.

Notthatit'sanywhereclosetothatyet.

InavideoFridayobviouslyaimedatseekingnewemployees,Muskshowedoffthesecondversion

oftheNeuralink,adeviceaboutthesizeofalargecoin.It'sdesignedtobeputinaperson*shead.An

earlierversionofthedevicehastobeplacedbehindanearlikeahugehearingaid.

Buttheyoungcompanyisfarfromhavingacommercialproduct,whichwouldinvolvecomplex

humantrialsandgovernmentalapproval.Friday'svideoshowedthreepigs.One,namedGertrude,hada

Neuralinkdeviceinitsbrain.

Musk,afounderofboththeelectriccarcompanyTeslaMotorsandthespace-explorationfirm

SpaceX,hasalwaysbeenworriedaboutthatsmarterAImachineswilloulwithumans.Hissolution?Link

ourbrainstocomputerssowecankeepupwithorevenwinovertheminintelligence!

Muskurgedcoders（程序员），engineersandespeciallypeoplewhohaveactuallycreatedaproductto

apply.MYoudon*tneedtohavebrainexperience,44hesaid,addingthatthisissomethingthatcanbelearned

onthejob.

Connectingabrainupdirectlytoelectronicsisnotnew.Doctorshavealreadyputsimilardevicesin

brainstotreatsuchconditionsasParkinson'sdisease.In2016,researchersreportedthatamanregained

somemovementinhisownhandwithasimilarbrainimplant.ButMusk'sproposalgoesbeyondthis.

Neuralinkwantstobuildonthoseexistingmedicaltreatmentsandworkondevicesthatcouldlinkour

brainstocomputersoneday.

8.WhatcanwelearnaboutthefirstversionoftheNeuralink?

A.Itissmallerthanahearingaid.B.Itcanbeputinaperson'shead.

C.Ithastobeplacedbehindtheear.D.Itisalreadyavailableatthemarket.

9.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“outwit“inparagraph6?

A.Copy.B.Defeat.C.Understand.D.Destroy.

10.WhatkindofcandidatesdoesElonMuskparticularlywant?

A.Someonewhoalsowantstocreatethesamedevice.

B.Doctorswhoalreadyknowhowtotreatbraindiseases.

C.Peoplewhohavealreadydesignedsomeuniqueproduct.

D.Engineerswhoaregoodatlinkingbrainstocomputers.

11.Whereisthistextlikelyfrom?

A.Anadvertisement.B.Atestreport.C.Asciencefiction.D.Anewsreport.

D

（2022•四川省泸县第•中学二模）In2016,Japanesescientistsfoundakindofbacteria,whichthey

calledIdeonellasakainesis,could“eat”plastic.

ThesecretforIdeonellasakainesisisenzymes（酶）usedbybacteriaandothercellstomakechemical

changeshappen.Itusestwoenzymestoturnplasticintosomethingitcaneat.What'sleftoverafterward

couldbeusedtomakenewplastic.Oneofthem,called“PETase"，istheonethatbreaksdowntheplastic.

Recently,scientistshavefiguredoutawaytomakethebacteriaeatplasticevenfaster.Theydidsome

chemicalworkwiththeenzymePETase.Theythoughtwhattheydidwouldmakeiteatplasticeven

slower.However,theyweresurprisedtofindthatthechangemadeiteat20%faster.

Thisisanimportantstep,butitwillstillbeawhilebeforewewillknowifIdeonellasakainesiscan

reallymakeadifference.Everythinghastobejustrightforittodoitswork.Itcan'tbetoohotortoocold.

Thescientistssaythey'llkeepexploringtomakeitworkinallkindsofconditions.Besides,itonlyeats

onekindofplasticcalledPET,whichisusuallyusedformakingbottles.Butscientiststhinkitispossible

thattheremaybeotherkindsofbacteriathateatotherkindsofplastic.Theythinkthatevenifthese

bacteriadon'talreadyexist,theymaycomealongsoon.Bacteriacanchangetheirhabitsquickly,

comparedtobiggerlifeforms.

Mostplasticcanalreadyberecycled,andthisisreallyjustanewwaytorecycleit.However,as

scientistswarnseriously,Ideonellasakainesis'newfunctiondoesnotchangethefactthatonlyabout9%

ofplasticsactuallygetrecycled,whiletherestgetthrownaway.Theyalsopointoutthatharmful

chemicalsareaddedwhenplasticismade.Ifbacteriabreakdownplasticinnaturalareas,thosepoisons

willbegivenoff,andcouldaffectplants,animals,orhumans.

12.Howdidthescientistsfindthefactthatthebacteriaeatplasticfaster?

A.TheymadechangestoPETase.

B.TheyaddedmorePETasetoplastic.

C.Theymixedplastic*stwoenzymes.

D.Theyremovedenzymesfromplastic.

13.WhatdoweknowaboutIdeonellasakainesisfromparagraph3?

A.Itbreaksdownsomespecialkindsofplastic.

B.Iteatsplasticunderdemandingconditions.

C.ItstopsotherbacteriapossessingPETase.

D.Itproducesenzymeswheneatingplastic.

14.Whatdothescientistsconveyaboutplasticrecyclinginthelastparagraph?

A.Theyareconfidenttodoit.B.It'shardtorecycleplastic.

C.Itssituationworriesthem.D.Ithasbeenwelldonesofar.

15.Whatfstheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Toadvocaterecyclingplastic.

B.Topraisescientists*hardwork.

C.Toshowsevereplasticpollution.

D.Tointroduceanewdiscovery.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

（2022•贵州贵阳•一模）HowtoInspireYourselftoAchieveTopSuccess

Often,manypeoplerisetosuccessfulheightsandfall,nevertospringbackup.16Hereare

afewwaystoinspireyourselftoachievetopsuccess.

Berealisticwithyourgoals.Manypeopleacceptgoal-settingasoneoftheprimarystepsinany

successfuljourney.Whilegoal-settingisthefirststeptosuccess,doingitthewrongwaycansetyou

severalstepsbackandmakeyourjourneystressful.17

18Ideation（构思过程）involvestheformationofnewideasandconceptsandisan

essentialprocessinfindingnewwaystocompleteyoursuccessjourney.Theprocessdoesn'tendafter

dreamingofnewideas.Goingfurthertowritethemdownandbrainstormingcanhelpyouadjustthem.

Notethatwell-constructedideascanmakeeffortmoremanageable,especiallywhensolvingaproblem.

Asexpertsalwayssay,"Definetheproblemwell,andthesolutionwillpresentitself.”

Knowwhentomultitaskandwhentodeepfocus.It'sappealingtoengageinmultipletaskstoget

thingsdone.19However,sometasksmayrequireextremefocusing.Seasoneddesignand

writingprofessionalsoftentakethisapproach.J.K.Rowling,forexample,spendsmanyweeksawayfrom

regularlifetowriteherbooks.

Meditate（冥想）whenyoucan.20.You'relikelytoproduceverylittleresultswhenyour

mindisblockedandtired.Meditationisagreatwaytoregenerateandfacilitateyourrestorationprocess.

A.Dreamoftheproblems

B.Writedownideasandbrainstorm

C.Itpaystosetrealisticandmeasurablegoals

D.That'sthereasonwhyweneedtorisetosuccess

E.Restingthemindcanbeanotherformofinspiration

F.Multitaskingmaynotbeabadwayofclearingyourdeskandgeneratingresults

G.That'sbecauserisingtosuccessisonethingandmanagingthesuccessfulstageanother

第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳

选项。

（2022・四川・巴中市教育科学研究所一模）For31years,AlbertLexiekeptworkinghard,21

beforedawnandmakingthenearlytwo-hourjourneytoPittsburghbybus.

HisdestinationwasUniversityofPittsburghMedicalCenter'sChildren'sHospitalofPittsburgh.

Withthatkindofdevotion,you'dthinkhe22asaphysicianornurse,somepositionthatrequired

long23andcamewithahigh24.Butyou'dbe25.

From1982to2013,Albert26shoes.Sixteentoseventeenpairs,twiceaweek,$3apop.His

annualincomewasabout$10,000,notincludingtips.Butit'swhathedidwiththosetipsthat27

himheartsandmanyawards.He28histips,all$200,000ofthem,toFreeCareFund,whichhelps

coverthemedical29foruninsured（无保险的）andpoorchildren.

Heonlyattendedschoolthroughtheeighthgrade,buthe30hisfirstshoeshineboxthat

yearaspartofaclassassignment,andthat'stheonehe3Jfrom1982to2013.Andthose

yearsof32anddevotioncertainlydidn'tgo33.Hewashonoredand

34bymagazinesandorganizations.

Obviously,hewasn'tinitfor35,andgettingtoandfromworkatsuchunusualhours

couldn'thavebeen36,especiallyashestartedgettingolder.

“Icometoworkeverydaybecauseit's37toseepeopleandtalktopeopleandhavefun

anddothings.Children'sHospitalismyfavoriteplace38Icanseelotsof39and

shaketheirlittlehandsandtrytogivelittletoysaway,thingslikethat.”

Hislife'sworkwassotouchingandinspiring.Bytellinghisstory,wehopedto40more

peopletodogoodintheworld.

21.A.comingbackB.walkingaroundC.watchingoutD.wakingup

22.A.startedB.workedC.feltD.grew

23.A.historyB.developmentC.hoursD.distances

24.A.incomeB.degreeC.qualityD.speed

25.A.differentB.strangeC.interestedD.wrong

26.A.madeB.shinedC.soldD.designed

27.A.offeredB.showedC.costD.won

28.A.giftedB.returnedC.lentD.reported

29.A.researchB.educationC.recordsD.bills

30.A.borrowedB.builtC.cleanedD.drew

31.A.hidB.passedC.usedD.repaired

32.A.serviceB.studyC.struggleD.progress

33.A.farB.smoothC.unnoticedD.unchecked

34.A.influencedB.praisedC.protectedD.congratulated

35.A.moneyB.surpriseC.funD.advice

36.A.necessaryB.safeC.easyD.fair

37.A.boringB.meaninglessC.amusingD.enjoyable

38.A.becauseB.unlessC.whileD.though

39.A.graduatesB.expertsC.kidsD.elders

40.A.forceB.encourageC.allowD.help

第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

(2022•四川.宜宾市叙州区第一中学校二模)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号

内单词的正确形式。

Ifyoualwayshatecertainvegetables,youmaybemorethanapickyeater.Instead,youmightbea

“super-taster”,aperson41bittergenes(苦味基因).Thosepeoplewhohavethe“bittergenes^^are2.6

timesmorelikelytoeat42(few)vegetablesthanothers,accordingtoanewstudy43(present)

attheannualmeetingoftheAmericanHeartAssociation.

“Wedon'tgetthetasteoffoodequally,“saidprofessorDuffy,anexpertinthestudyoffoodtaste."It

couldexplainsomeofthedifferencesinourfood44(prefer).^^

Abouthalfofuscantastebitterandsweet,sowearenotespeciallysensitivetobitterfood.Another

25%arecalled“non-tasters”,to45bitterfoodmightactuallybeabitsweeter.Therestofusare

46(extreme)sensitivetothebitternessthatsome47(plant)developtokeepanimalsfromeating

them.

Foodscientistsaretryingtodevelopways48(reduce)thebitternessinveggies,inthehopethat

wecankeepsuper-tastersfromrejectingvegetables.Infact,somevegetableswegrowtoday49(be)

muchsweeterthanbefore.

Wemightalsotrytousevariouscookingmethods,eitherbyaddingsomefat,sweetness,strong

flavorslikegarlic50roastingthem,toimprovethetasteofthevegetables.

第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节短文改错（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）

（2022.贵州毕节.模拟预测）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的

以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号八，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线划掉\。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Goodmorning,everyone!I'mextremeexcitedtoexpressmyunderstandingoftheofficialmottoof

the2022WinterOlympics—'"Togetherforasharedfuture".Themottoshowsthatinspiringbythe

Olympicspirit,weworktogetherwiththepeopleoftheworldandhelpedeachother.Thatwearedevoted

toisvaluabletocreateforabetterfuture.Asastudent,Ishouldmakeacontributiontobuildawonderful

world.Ononehand,welearntobeastudentwithgoodqualities,suchashonesty,kindness,loyalty,

modesty,perseveranceetc.Ontheotherhand,Istudyhardtobeusefulperson.Lastyear,Iampraised,

becauseofwinningthetitleofVirtueYouth,bymanyteacher.

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

（2022・四川•模拟预测）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim打算暑假期间来中国

旅游，发来邮件请你推荐两个目的地城市。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：

1.推荐城市及理由；

2.其他建议。

注意：

1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考答案

第一部分阅读理解

第一节

A

答案：1.C2.A3.B

解析：这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三个鼓舞人心的旅游目的地。

1.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Kenya'sincrediblelandshowedmetheimportanceof叩predatingall

livingbeingsandhelpedmerecognizethatregardlessofourspecies,wehavefarmoresimilaritiesthan

differences4肯尼亚这块令人难以置信的土地向我展示了欣赏所有生物的重要性，并帮助我认识到，

无论我们的物种如何，我们的相似之处远远多于差异）“可知，访问肯尼亚帮助作者欣赏了所有生物。

故选C项。

2.细节理解题。根据文章第六段“MuchlikeIndia,thisisadiversecountrywherepeoplelivesideby

sideinharmony,regardlessofreligions.（就像印度一样，这是一个多元化的国家，人们不分宗教，和

谐共处。）”和最后——段"It'satruemixtureofseeingvarioussights,beingabsorbedintheunique

atmosphere,andlearningaboutspiritualityandmanydiversereligions.（这是一个真正的混合体，可以看

到各种各样的风景，沉浸在独特的氛围中，学习灵性和许多不同的宗教）”可知，缅甸和印度的共同

之处就是多元文化、多种宗教。故选A项。

3.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Travellingtheworldissomethingthatleavesanimpactonyourbeing.

Hereisalistofinspiringdestinationsthatareboundtochangeyourlife.Somecompletelyinfluencedwho

Iamtoday,andsomeareattheverytopofmybucketlist.（环游世界会对你的生活产生影响。下面是一

个鼓舞人心的目的地清单，它们一定会改变你的生活。有些人完全影响了我，有些人则在我的清单

上名列前茅）”和文章的三个小标题可知，文章主要是关于旅游话题的，所以这篇文章很可能来自一

个旅行博客。故选B项。

B

答案：4.A5.B6.D7.C

解析：这是一篇新闻报道。介绍了不可能食品公司生产的一种具有肉类食物体验的植物肉汉堡。

4.推理判断题。根据第一段中“Inmanycases,thedifferencesbetweenthemeathamburgerandveggie

burgerareclear,butImpossibleFoodsCompanyplanstoputanendtothat.（在许多情况下，肉类汉堡和

蔬菜汉堡之间的区别是显而易见的，但不可能食品公司计划结束这一局面广及“TheImpossiblesays

thisburgerishardtotellfromrealmeat,about47%similar,accordingtoatestconductedamongmeat

lovers.（不可能食品公司称，这种汉堡很难与真正的肉类区分开来，根据对肉类爱好者进行的一项测

试显示，约47%的汉堡与真正的肉类相似）”可知，不可能食品公司想让蔬菜汉堡看起来像肉汉堡。

故选Ao

5.推理判断题。根据第三段第一句"Anotherreasonwhymanypeopleresistmeatproductisthatthey

mayseektoreduceanimalsufferingorthemeatindustry'slargeenvironmentalimpact.（许多人抵制肉类

产品的另一个原因是，他们可能谋求减少动物的痛苦或肉类行业对环境的巨大影响）“可知，许多人

成为素食主义者是为了减少对动物的伤害。故选B。

6.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Ididn'tgrowupavegetarianandsometimesImissmyfamily's

cooking.Plant-basedmeatallowsmetohaveagoodhome-cookedmealthat'sjustlikemumusedto

make.（我不是素食主义者，有时我会想念家人的烹饪。植物肉让我吃到了一顿很好的家常菜，就像

妈妈以前做的一样）“可推知，因为说话者不是素食主义者，所以植物肉给他找回的是以前在家吃肉

的感觉，也就是说素食者可以从植物肉中获得类似肉类的食物体验。故选D。

7.推理判断题。根据最后一段"Itisreportedthattheglobalmeatsubstitutemarketwasvaluedat

$4,512.1millionin2019,andispredictedtoreach$8,823.6millionby2027,showinganannualgrowth

rateof7.2%from2021to2027.Accordingtorecentstudies,30%ofAmericansarenotonlyleavingmeat

offtheirplatesbutalsoseekingoutmoreplant-basedmeatsubstitutes.（据报道，全球肉类替代品市场在

2019的价值为45亿1210万美元，预计2027美元达到88亿2360万美元，从2021到2027的年增

长率为7.2%。根据最近的研究，30%的美国人不仅不吃肉类，还寻求更多的植物性肉类替代品）”

中的“$4,512.1millionin2019”“$8,823.6millionby2027”“7.2%”“30%”可知,作者运用了数据统计来

支持自己的陈述。故选C。

C

答案:8.C9.B10.CH.D

解析：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了ElonMusk最新推出的Neuralink人机接口。

8.细节理解题。根据第四段“InavideoFridayobviouslyaimedatseekingnewemployees,Muskshowed

offthesecondversionoftheNeuralink,adeviceaboutthesizeofalargecoin.It'sdesignedtobeputina

person'shead.Anearlierversionofthedevicehastobeplacedbehindanearlikeahugehearingaid.（在

周五的一段显然是寻找新员工的视频中，Musk展示了Neuralink的第二版，一枚大硬币大小的设备。

它被设计成放在一个人的头上。该设备的早期版本必须像一个巨大的助听器一样被放在耳朵后面）”

可知，第一版的接口必须挂在耳后。故选C。

9.词句猜测题。根据下文“Hissolution?Linkourbrainstocomputerssowecankeepupwithoreven

winovertheminintelligence!（他的解决方案?把我们的大脑和电脑连接起来，这样我们就能在智力

上跟上它们，甚至战胜它们!）“可推断，ElonMusk担心人工智能机器人会打败人类。划线词词义表

示"打败"，与defeat意思相近。故选B。

10.细节理解题。根据第七段“Muskurgedcoders（程序员），engineersandespeciallypeoplewhohave

actuallycreatedaproducttoapply.（Musk敦促程序员、工程师，特别是那些实际创造了--种产品的人

来申请。）”可知，ElonMusk特别垂青那些有独创作品的程序员及工程师。故选C。

11.推理判断题。根据第二段“Hisgoalistodevelopdevicesthatcanprovidetreatmenttoneural（神经

0\））diseases-andthatmayonedaybepowerfulenoughtoputhumanityonanequalfootingwithpossible

futuresuperintelligentcomputers.（他的目标是开发能够为神经疾病提供治疗的设备---这可能有一

天足够强大，使人类与未来可能的超级智能计算机处于平等的地位）”以及下文内容可知，文章主要

是对ElonMusk在本周五演示录像中展示的产品进行的报道。因此推断这是一篇新闻报道。故选D。

D

答案：12.A13.B14.C15,D

解析：这是一篇说明文。2016年，日本科学家发现了一种被他们称为Ideonellasakainesis的细菌，

这种细菌可以“吃”塑料。文章对这种细菌进行了介绍。

12.细节理解题。根据第二段倒第三句"TheydidsomechemicalworkwiththeenzymePETase.（他们

对酶PETase做了一些化学工作户可知，科学家们对PETase做了一些改变，发现细菌吃塑料更快的

事实。故选A。

13.推理判断题。根据第三段第二句和第三句"Everythinghastobejustrightforittodoitswork.It

canftbetoohotortoocold.（每件事都必须恰到好处才能让它发挥作用。不能太热或太冷门可知，

Ideonellasakainesis在苛刻的条件下才能吃塑料。故选B。

14.观点态度题。根据最后一段第二句"However,asscientistswarnseriously,Ideonellasakainesis*new

functiondoesnotchangethefactthatonlyabout9%ofplasticsactuallygetrecycled,whiletherestget

thrownaway.（然而，正如科学家们严肃警告的那样，Ideonellasakainesis的新功能并没有改变只有

大约9%的塑料被回收，而其余的则被扔掉的事实）“可知，在最后一段中科学家们表达了对塑料回

收的担忧。故选C。

15.推理判断题。根据第一段“In2016,Japanesescientistsfoundakindofbacteria,whichtheycalled

Ideonellasakainesis,could"eat"plastic.（2016年，日本科学家发现了一种被他们称为Ideonella

sakainesis的细菌，这种细菌可以“吃”塑料）“可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一个新发现。故选

Do

第二节

答案：16.G17.C18.B19.F20.E

解析：这是一篇说明文。本文作者阐述了激励自己取得最大成功的方法。

16.根据上——句"Often,manypeoplerisetosuccessfulheightsandfall,nevertospringbackup（通常,

许多人会成功地爬到高处，然后跌倒，再也不会振作起来）“可知，G选项“That'sbecauserisingto

successisonethingandmanagingthesuccessfulstageanother（这是因为爬起来走向成功是一回事，成

功阶段的管理是另一回事「切题，该选项与上一句构成因果关系，解释了许多人许多人爬到成功的

高度又跌倒了，再也没有振作起来的原因，是因为成功阶段需要管理，且该选项中的“rising”与上

一句中的“rise”相呼应。故选G项。

17.根据上文“Berealisticwithyourgoals...Whilegoal-settingisthefirststeptosuccess,doingitthe

wrongwaycansetyouseveralstepsbackandmakeyourjourneystressful（对你的目标要现实...虽然

目标设定是通往成功的第一步，但错误的做法会让你倒退几步，让你的旅程充满压力）“可知，本段

主要阐述设定的目标要现实，因此，C选项“Itpaystosetrealisticandmeasurablegoals.（设定现实的、

可衡量的目标是值得的）“切题。该选项中的“realistic”与上文“realistic”相呼应。故选C项。

18.根据下文“Ideationinvolvestheformationofnewideasandconceptsandisanessentialprocessin

findingnewwaystocompleteyoursuccessjourney.Theprocessdoesn'tendafterdreamingofnewideas.

GoingfurthertowritethemdownandbrainstormingcanhelpyouadjustIhem.（构思包括形成新的想法

和概念，是寻找新方法完成成功之旅的一个重要过程。这个过程不会在梦想新想法后结束。进一步

把它们写下来，头脑风暴可以帮助你调整它们）“可知，下文主要阐述了要构思新的想法和概念，充

分运用“头脑风暴”，寻找解决问题的方法，因此，B项“Writedownideasandbrainstorm（写下想法并

进行头脑风暴）”切题，该选项统领本段，下文详细解释了具体如何去构思想法和进行头脑风暴，且

该选项中的“brainstorm”与上文“brainstorming”相呼应。故选B项。

19.根据上文"It'sappealingtoengageinmultipletaskstogetthingsdone.（参与多项任务而去完成任务

是很有吸引力的）”以及下一句"However,sometasksmayrequireextremefocusing.（然而，有些任务可

能需要极度专注）”可知，完成多项任务是很有吸引力的，但是并不是任何情况下都可以多任务，有

些任务需要专注，推知，该空与下文“有些任务可能需要极度专注”构成转折关系，因此，F选项

"Multitaskingmaynotbeabadwayofclearingyourdeskandgeneratingresults.（多任务处理可能是清

理办公桌并产生结果的好方法）“切题，该选项承上启下，符合上下文句意，且该选项中的

“Multitasking”与上文中的“mu