专四语法之比较结构课件

比较结构比较结构1一比较结构

(comparativeConstruction)英语中比较结构最主要有三种：as…as…结构more…than…结构themost…结构一比较结构

(comparativeConstructi21.as…as…结构基本模式：as+adj/adv(原级）+as…否定形式：1)notas/so+adj/adv(原级）+as…2)也可用less…than…e.gJohnisasbrightasBob.(否定）JohnisnotasbrightasBob.JohnislessbrightthanBob.1.as…as…结构基本模式：as+adj/adv(原级）3用法：主语不同，比较项目相同。Thisparcelisasheavyasthatone.2.主语相同，比较项目不同。Thegirlwasasbrilliantasshewasbeautiful.

这姑娘既漂亮又聪明。3.主语和比较项目都不同。

Theswimmingpoolisn’ttwiceaswideasthatoneislong.（倍数+as+adj/adv+as..)用法：4另一种模式：asmuch/many+n+as…否定形式：notas/somuch/many+n+as…1)Hetookasmuchbutterasheneed.Hedidn’ttakeas/somuchbutterasheneeded.2)Shehaswrittenasmanyessaysasherbrother(does).Shehasn’twrittenasmanyessaysasherbrother(does).另一种模式：asmuch/many+n+as…5变体形式：as+adj(原级）+名词词组+as…(注意下列句子的语序）1.GeorgeisasefficientaworkerasJack.(名词的意义受到强调）orGeorgeisaworker(whois)asefficientasJack.(形容词的意义受到强调）2.Idon’twantasexpensiveacarasthis.变体形式：as+adj(原级）+名词词组+as…62.more…than…结构1)用于在两个人或物之间作同一方面的比较。Theconcertwasmoreenjoyablethanlecture.2)用于同一个人或物的本身作不同方面的比较。Thepresentcrisisismuchmoreapoliticalthananeconomiccrisis.当前的危机与其说是经济危机，不如说是政治危机。此用法也可用于less…than…结构，但得出相反的含义。Thepresentcrisisismuchlessapoliticalthananeconomiccrisis.当前的危机与其说是政治危机，不如说是经济危机。2.more…than…结构1)用于在两个人或物之间作73.（the）+adj/adv最高级+比较范围

比较级形式表示最高级意义时，比较对象的范围应用：anyother+单数名词theother+复数名词

theothersanyone/anythingelse上述词是用来将比较级结构转变成最高级意义的关键词语，切不可遗漏，否则会造成逻辑混乱的错误。3.（the）+adj/adv最高级+比较范围

比较级形式表8※补充说明1notso…as¬somuch…asLondonisn’tsobigasTokyo.伦敦没有东京大。Itwasn’tsomuchhisappearanceIlikedashispersonality.(与其说我喜欢他的外表，不如说我喜欢他的为人。）前一例相当于一般的比较结构，后一例相当于less…than的含义。notsomuchas是一个专四常考结构。※补充说明1notso…as¬somuch9真题举例：Itisnot

so

muchthelanguageasthebackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.(99,45)(07.57)【注：同一个句子专四考了两次，这说明了反复看往年题的重要性】Thattrumpetplayerwascertainlyloud.ButIwasn’tbotheredbyhisloudnesssomuchasbyhislackoftalent.(04,41)真题举例：102.notmore/-erthan与nomore/-erthanJohnisnotbetterthanTom.(否定前者，肯定后者)JohnisnobetterthanTom.(对前后者都否定）真题举例：Overpopulationposeaterriblethreattohumanrace.Yetitisprobablynotmoreathreatthanenvironmentaldestruction.(07.62)2.notmore/-erthan与nomore113.nomore…than(=not…anymorethan)两者一样都不Awhaleisnomoreafishthanahorseis.鲸不是鱼，如同马不是鱼一样。Fatcannotchangeintomuscleanymorethanmusclechangesintofat.(99.44)脂肪不能变成肌肉，就如同肌肉不能变成脂肪一样。3.nomore…than(=not…anymore124.themore…themore…与moreandmorethemore...themore…表示两个过程中同时递增，是主从结构。moreandmore只表示一个过程的不断增长。如…thewildertherangeofourlifeandthemorevariousthecontactswehave,thewilderandsupplermustbeourcommandoverarangofEnglishstyles.4.themore…themore…与morean135.“ofa+n”的比较级“ofa+n”相当于一个形容词，表示具有后面那个名词的性质；若该名词为可数名词，名词之前要加不定冠词。它的比较级也要用more来修饰。如Heismoreofadoctor.他更像个医生。该结构也可以用于同级比较结构中。如Heisasofanathleteasshe.他和她一样具备运动员的素质。5.“ofa+n”的比较级14Thereareasgoodfishinthesea_____evercameoutofit.(2007,51)Than B.like C.as D.soItisnot____muchthelanguageasthebackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.(2007,57)A.That B.as C.so D.veryThereareasgoodfishinthe15Itwas____wehadhoped.(2006,64)A.moreasuccessthanB.asuccessmorethanC.asmuchofasuccessasD.asuccessasmuchasItwas____wehadhoped.(20016DoyouknowTim’sbrother?Heis_____thanTim.A.muchmoresportsmanB.moreofasportsmanC.moreofsportsmanD.moreasportsmanDoyouknowTim’sbrother?He17Overpopulationposeaterriblethreattohumanrace.Yetitisprobably______athreatthanenvironmentaldestruction.(07,62)A.nomoreB.notmoreC.evenmoreD.muchmoreOverpopulationposeaterribl18Thelessthesurfaceofthegroundyieldstotheweightofafully-loadedtruck,_____tothetruck.(2004,57)A.thegreaterstressisB.greateristhestressC.thestressisgreaterD.thegreaterthestressThelessthesurfaceofthegr19Anewlaptopcostsabout______ofasecond-handone.(2009,55)A.thepriceofthreetimesB.threetimesthepriceC.asmuchasthethreetimes