2020学硕研究生实用英语试卷(广东工业大学)

广东工业大学研究生试卷用纸，共1页，第1页广东工业大学研究生考试试题广东工业大学研究生考试试题课程名称:实用英语（英语*学硕提高班）试卷满分100分考试时间:2020年5月6日(第12周星期三)题号一二三四总分评卷得分（Time:2.5Hours）PartI.Answerthequestionsbriefly(40points,8pointforeach)Directions:Choose5fromthefollowingquestionsandanswerbriefly.1.Whatisthelayoutofaformalletter?(e.g.letterhead,etc.)2.Whatshouldthebodypartincludeinlettersof“declininganinvitation”?3.Whatcontentsshouldbeincludedinthe“introductiontoakeynotespeaker”?4.Whatistheprocedureofthespeakertohandlequestionsafterpresentation?5.Howare“applicationletterforacademicexchange”and“PersonalStatement”forthesamepurposesimilarordifferentintermsofcontents?6.Whatarethestepsandtipsofwritingasummary?PartII Readingcomprehension(10points,2pointsforeach)Directions:Readthefollowing“CallforPapers”andanswerthequestionsabouttheconference.CallforPapers–CASA2018inBeijing,ChinaThe31thInternationalConferenceonComputerAnimationandSocialAgents(CASA2018)willbeheldonMay21-23,2018inBeijing,China.TheconferenceisorganizedbyStateKeyLaboratoryofComputerScience(SKLCS),InstituteofSoftware,ChineseAcademyofSciences,incooperationwithACM-SIGGRAPH,underguidanceoftheComputerGraphicsSociety(CGS).CASAwasfoundedin1988inGeneva,Switzerland,anditistheoldestinternationalconferenceincomputeranimationandsocialagentsintheworld.Inthelasttenyears,CASAwasheldinKorea(2008),Netherlands(2009),France(2010),China(2011),Singapore(2012),Turkey(2013),UnitedStates(2014),Singapore(2015),Switzerland(2016)andKorea(2017).PAPERSUBMISSION

Weinvitesubmissionsofresearchfullpapers,shortpapers,andpostersonabroadrangeoftopics,includingbutnotlimitedtoComputerAnimation,EmbodiedAgents,SocialAgents,VirtualandAugmentedReality,andVisualization(seebelowforadetailedlist).Formoreinformation,pleasevisittheCASA2018website

.Max.28fullpaperswillberecommendedtopublishinaspecialissueofthe

ComputerAnimationandVirtualWorldsJournal

publishedbyWiley(CAVW).TheshortpapersandposterswillbepublishedintheACMdigitallibrary.Allsubmissionswillbereviewedviaadouble-blindreviewprocess.IMPORTANTDATES(23h59UTC/GMT)

Fullpapers(10pages)

SubmissionDeadline:Jan.27,2018

NotificationofAcceptance:Mar.2,2018

CameraReady:Mar.15,2018

Shortpapers(4~6pages)andPosters(1page)

SubmissionDeadline:Mar.20,2018

NotificationofAcceptance:Apr.1,2018

CameraReady:Apr.10,2018COMMITTEE

Conferenceco-chairs

NadiaMagnenatThalmann,MIRALab,UniversityofGeneva,SwitzerlandandNTU,Singapore

EnhuaWu,ISCASandUniversityofMacau,ChinaProgramco-chairs

DanielThalmann,EPFL,Switzerland

LeonidSigal,UniversityofBritishColumbia,Canada

WenchengWang,ISCAS,ChinaWorkshopchair

HuiChen,ISCSA,ChinaPublicitychair

HanqiuSun,ChineseUniversityofHongKongSCOPEANDLISTOFTOPICS

CASAinvitessubmissionsonabroadrangeoftopics,includingbutnotlimitedto:ComputerAnimationMotionControlMotionCapture&RetargetingPathPlanningPhysics-basedAnimationVision-basedTechniquesBehavioralAnimationArtificialLifeDeformationFacialAnimationImage-basedAnimationMulti-ScaleModelsKnowledge-basedAnimationSocialAgentsSocialAgentsandAvatarsEmotionandPersonalityVirtualHumansAutonomousActorsAI-basedAnimationSocialandConversationalAgentsInter-AgentCommunicationSocialBehaviorCrowdSimulationMachinelearningOtherRelatedTopicsAnimationCompressionandTransmissionSemanticsandOntologiesAnthropometricVirtualHumanModelsAcquisitionandReconstructionfromBigDataCulturalHeritageApplications3DPhysiologicalHumans3DTelepresenceAugmentedRealityandVirtualRealitySocialRobotsDeepLearningmethodsPleaseanswerthequestionsbelowbriefly.(10%)1.Whereisthevenueforthe31thInternationalConferenceonCASA2018andwhoorganizeit?2.Whatarethemaintopicsoftheconference?3.Istherelengthlimitationforthefullpaper?Ifyes,whatisthemaximum?4.Wherewilltheshortpapersandpostersbepublished?5.WherecanyouobtainmoreinformationabouttheCASA2018?PartIIIAbstractwriting(25points)Directions:Readthefollowingarticleandwriteanabstractofabout200wordsforit.TheChallengeofFeeding9BillionPeopleH.ChaeleJ.Godfray,JohnR.Beddington,lanR.Crute,LawrenceHaddad,DavidLawrence,JamesF.Muir,JulesPretty,ShermanRobinsonRobinson,SandyM.Thomas,CamillamTourlminThepasthalf-centuryhasseenmarkedgrowthinfoodproduction,allowingforadramaticdecreaseintheproductionoftheworld’speoplethatarehungry,despiteadoublingofthetotalpopulation(WorldBank,2008;FAO,2009a).Nevertheless,morethanoneinsevenpeopletodaystilldonothaveaccesstosufficientproteinandenergyfromtheirdiet,andevenmoresufferfromsomeformofmicronutrientmalnourishment(FAO.2009b),Theglobalpopulationwillcontinuetogrow;yetitislikelytoplateauatsome9billionpeoplebyroughlythemiddleofthiscentury.Amajorcorrelateofthisdecelerationinpopulationgrowthisincreasedwealth,andwithhigherpurchasingpowercomeshigherconsumptionandagreaterdemandforprocessedfood,meat,dairyproductsandfish,allofwhichaddpressuretothefoodsupplysystem.Atthesametime,foodproducersareexperiencinggreaterrivalryforland,waterandenergy,andtheneedtocurbthemanynegativeeffectsoffoodproductionontheenvironmentisbecomingincreasinglyclear(Tilmanetal.,2001;WRI,2005).Overarchingalloftheseissuesisthethreatoftheeffectsofsubstantialclimatechangeandconcernsabouthowmitigationandadaptationmeasuresmayaffectthefoodsystem(Parryetal.,2007;Schmidhuber&Tubiello,2007).Athreefoldchallengenowfacestheworld(VonBraun,2007):matchtherapidlychangingdemandforfoodfromalargerandmoreaffluentpopulationtoitssupply;dosoinwaysthatareenvironmentallyandsociallysustainable;andensurethattheworld’spoorestarenolongerhungry;thischallengerequireschangesinthewayfoodisproduced,stored,processed,distributedandaccessedthatareasradicalasthosethatoccurredduringthe18th-and-19th-centuryIndustrialandAgriculturalRevolutionsandthe20th-centuryGreenRevolution.Increasesinproductionwillhaveanimportantparttoplay,buttheywillbeconstrainedasneverbeforebythefiniteresourcesprovidedbytheEarth’sland,oceansandatmosphere(Conway,1997).Patternsinglobalfoodpricesareindicatorsofhowtheavailabilityoffoodchanges,atleastforthosewhocanafforditandhaveaccesstoworldmarkets.Overthepastcentury,grossfoodpriceshavegenerallyfallen,levellingoffinthepastthreedecadesbutpunctuatedbypricespikessuchasthatcausedbythe1970soilcrisis.Inmid-2008,therewasanunexpectedrapidriseinfoodprices–thecauseofwhichisstillbeingdebated–thatsubsidedwhentheworldeconomywentintorecession(Piesse&Thirtle,2009).However,many(butnotall)commentatorshavepredictedthatthisspikeheraldsaperiodofeasingandmorevolatilefoodpricesdrivenprimarilybyincreaseddemandformrapidlydevelopingcountries,aswellasbycompetitionforresourcesfromfirst-generationbiofuelsproduction(RoyalSociety,2008).Increasedfoodpriceswillstimulategreaterinvestmentinfoodproduction,butthecriticalimportanceoffoodtohumanwell-beingandalsotosocialandpoliticalstabilitymakesitlikelythatgovernmentsandotherorganizationswillwanttoencouragefoodproductionbeyondthatdrivenbysimplemarketmechanisms(Skidelsky,2009).However,thereareseriousconcernsaboutchangesinfoodproductionpatternswhereproductionoftraditionalstaplefoodsourcesisflatteningoutratherthanrisinginlinewiththepopulationexplosion.Thelong-termnatureofreturnsoninvestmentformanyaspectsoffoodproductionandtheimportanceofpoliciesthatpromotesustainabilityandequaltreatmentforallalsoargueagainstrelyingpurelyonmarketsolutions.Sohowcanmorefoodbeproducedsustainably?Inthepast,theprimarysolutiontofoodshortageswastousemorelandforagricultureandtoexploitnewfishstocks.Yetoverthepastfivedecades,whilegrainproductionhasmorethandoubled,theamountoflanddevotedtoarableagriculturegloballyhasincreasedbyonlyabout9%(Pretty,2008).Somenewlandcouldbebroughtintocultivation,butthecompetitionforlandfromotherhumanactivitiesmakesthisanincreasinglyunlikelyandcostlysolution,particularlyifprotectingbiodiversityandthepublicgodsprovidedbynaturalecosystems(forexample,carbonstorageinrainforests)aregivenhigherpriority(Balmfordetal.,2005).Inrecentdecades,agriculturallandthatwasformerlyproductivehasbeenlosttourbanizationandotherhumanuses,aswellastodesertification,salinization,soilerosionandoth