2022年年高二下学期英语期末试卷(附答案)

本文由一线教师精心整理/word可编辑本文由一线教师精心整理/word可编辑/本文由一线教师精心整理/word可编辑年高二下学期英语期末试卷本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。第I卷1至10页，第II卷11至12页。考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第I卷注意事项：1.答第I卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上所对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inahospital. B.Inarestaurant. C.Inaclassroom.2.WhenwillthemanbeabletovisitMr.Black?A.OnNovember1st. B.OnNovember2nd. C.OnNovember3rd.3.Whatdoweknowfromtheman’sanswer?A.Hedoesn’tlikeeither.B.Brownishisfavoritecolor.C.Helikesboththetwoshirts.4.Whatdoesthemanplantodothisafternoon?A.Gotoamovie. B.Gotohisclasses. C.Gotobuysomething. 5.WhatcanwelearnaboutTomfromtheconversation?A.Hehasgotafever.B.Hehasbeenpracticingrunningforquitealongtime.C.Hehasnoideawheretoseeadoctor.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至8题6.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutwaiting?A.It’sfun. B.It’sboring. C.It’sawasteoftime.7.Whatgoeswrongwiththeman?A.HeforgetstakinghisIDcard.B.Hecan’trememberhissocialsecuritynumber.C.Heisn’ttakinghisrecordswithhim.8.Whatarethetwospeakersdoing?A.Waitingforregistration.B.Waitingforapresentation.C.Waitingforaclass.听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。9.Whydoesthewomanhaveasorethroat?A.Becauseshehadtoomanypeppers.B.Becauseshewasinfectedbyvirus.C.Becauseshehadabadcold.10.Whatwillthewomandoaccordingtothedoctor’sadvice?A.Takesomemedicine.B.Stayinhospitalforacoupleofdays.C.TakeanX-rayforherstomach.11.Whatdoesn’tthedoctorsuggesttothewoman’ssleeplessness?A.Drinkingacupofmilkbeforesleep.B.Washingfeetwithhotwater.C.Takingsomesleepingpills.听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。12.Whyisthemansoupsetabouthisgrade?A.Becauseittookhimhourstofinishtheproject.B.Becausethewomandoesn’tunderstandhisproblem.C.BecauseAmesgotabettergradewithlesswork.13.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemandoatfirst?A.Workharder. B.Speaktotheteacher. C.Forgetaboutthewholething.14.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman’sgrade?A.It’snotabadgrade. B.It’sunfairtotheman. C.Shehasnocomment.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15.WhoisHolly?A.AfriendofJim’s. B.AclassmateofLisa’s. C.Apersonattheparty.16.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Howtojoinclubs. B.Howtomakefriends. C.Howtoholdparties.17.WhatdoweknowaboutJim?A.Heisshyandnervous.B.He’shelpfulandhumorous.C.He’sfriendlyandpopular.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhatdidthechildreninChattisgarheat?A.Biscuitsandice-cream.B.Cookiesandchocolate.C.Biscuitsandchocolate.19.HowmanypeoplearereportedinjuredinTurkeyearthquake?A.About10,000. B.About34,000. C.About35,000.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondpieceofnews?A.Over20,000peopleareconfirmeddead.B.About45,000peoplearestillmissing.C.AnAmericannavyteamhasarrivedinTurkey.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节选择题（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,，选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AOneday,Ireceivedacallfromacolleague.Hewasabouttogiveastudentazeroforhisanswertoaphysicalproblem,whilethestudentclaimedaperfectscore.Iwaselectedastheirarbiter(仲裁人).Ireadtheexaminationproblem:“Showhowitispossibletodeterminetheheightofatallbuildingwiththeaidofabarometer(气压计).”Thestudenthadanswered:“Takethebarometertothetopofthebuilding,attachalongropetoit,lowerittothestreet,andthenbringitup,measuringthelengthoftherope.Thelengthofitistheheightofthebuilding.”Thestudenthadreallyansweredthequestioncompletely,buttheanswerdidn’tconfirmhiscompetenceinphysics.Isuggestedthestudenttryagain.Igavehimsixminutestoanswerthequestion,warningthattheanswershouldshowsomeknowledgeofphysics.Fiveminuteslater,hesaidhehadmanyanswersanddashedoffone,whichread:“Takethebarometertothetopofthebuildingandleanovertheedgeoftheroof.Dropthebarometer,timingitsfallwithastopwatch.Then,usethephysicalformula(公式）tocalculatetheheightofthebuilding.”Atthispoint,mycolleaguehadtoacceptit,andthenthestudentmadealmostfullmarks.Icouldn’thelpaskingthestudentwhattheotheranswerswere.Helistedmanyothers,andthenadded“Probablythebestistotakethebarometertotheadministratorandsaidtohim,'Sir,hereisafinebarometer.Ifyoutellmetheheightofthebuilding,Iwillgiveittoyou.’”Then,Iaskedthestudentifhereallydidnotknowtheconventionalanswertothisquestion.Headmittedthathedid,butsaidthathewasfedupwithhighschoolandcollegeinstructorstryingtoteachhimhowtothink.ThenameofthestudentwasBohrwholaterwasfamousallovertheworld.HewontheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin1922.21.Thestudentgotazeroatthebeginningbecause_______.A.theteacherwasn’tsatisfiedwithhimB.hisanswerwasn'tcompleteorcorrectC.theteacherdidn’tfullyunderstandhisanswerD.hisanswerdidn’tshowhisknowledgeofphysics22.Weknowfromthepassagethat______A.thestudentknewtheexpectedanswerB.theadministratortoldBohrtheheightC.theauthorpreferredBohr’slastanswerD.theteacherwasaverystubbornperson23.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat______.A.instructorscanteachstudentshowtothinkB.arbiterscanhelpstudentstogethighscoresC.studentsshouldbegivenmorefreedominthinkingD.teachersshouldmakestudentsusephysicalformulas24.WhatwasBohr’sattitudetowardhisschooling?A.Optimistic.B.Critical.C.Approving.D.Positive.BHomestayprovidesEnglishlanguagestudentswiththeopportunitytospeakEnglishoutsidetheclassroomandtheexperienceofbeingpartofaBritishhome.WhattoExpectThehostwillprovideaccommodationandmeals.Roomswillbecleanedandbedcoverschangedatleastonceaweek.Youwillbegiventhehousekeyandthehostistheretoofferhelpandadviceaswellastotakeaninterestinyourphysicalandmentalhealth.AccommodationZonesHomestaysarelocatedinLondonmainlyinZones2,3and4ofthetransportsystem.MosthostsdonotliveinthetowncentreasmuchofcentralLondoniscommercialandnotresidential.Zones3and4oftenofferlargeraccommodationinalesscrowdedarea.ItisveryconvenienttotravelinLondonbyunderground.MealPlansAvailable♢ContinentalBreakfast♢BreakfastandDinner♢Breakfast,PackedLunchandDinnerIt’simportanttonotethatfewEnglishfamiliesstillprovideatraditionalcookedbreakfast.YouraccommodationincludesContinentalBreakfastwhichnormallyconsistsoffruitjuice,cereal(谷物类食品),breadandteaorcoffee.Cheese,fruitandcoldmeatarenotnormallypartofaContinentalBreakfastinEngland.Dinnersusuallyconsistofmeatorfishwithvegetablesfollowedbydessert,fruitandcoffee.FriendsIfyouwishtoinviteafriendovertovisit,youmustfirstaskyourhost’spermission.Youhavenorighttoentertainfriendsinafamilyhomeassomefamiliesfeelitisaninvasionoftheirprivacy.Self-CateringAccommodationinPrivateHomesAccommodationonaroom-onlybasisincludessharedkitchenandbathroomfacilitiesandoftenamainlivingroom.Thiskindofaccommodationoffersanindependentlifestyleandismoresuitableforthelong-staystudent.However,itdoesnotprovidethesamefamilyatmosphereasanordinaryhomestayandmaynotbenefitthosewhoneedtopracticeEnglishathomequiteasmuch.25.Thepassageisprobablywrittenfor______.A.hostswillingtoreceiveforeignstudentsB.foreignershopingtoknowBritishcultureC.travelersplanningtovisitfamiliesinLondonD.EnglishlearnersapplyingtoliveinEnglishhomes26.Whichofthefollowingwillthehostprovide?A.Roomcleaning. B.Medicalcare.C.Freetransport. D.Physicaltraining.27.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoesContinentalBreakfastinclude?A.Dessertandcoffee. B.Fruitandvegetables.C.Breadandfruitjuice. D.Cerealandcoldmeat.28.Whydosomepeoplechooseself-cateringaccommodation?A.Toexperienceawarmerfamilyatmosphere.B.ToenrichtheirknowledgeofEnglish.C.Toentertainfriendsastheylike.D.Toenjoymuchmorefreedom.CAreyouanoptimist?Doyoulookatyourglassandseeitashalffull?Doyoubelievethateverycloudhasasilverliningandthatthingsgenerallyturnoutforthebest?Doyoubelievethatifsomethingismeanttobe,itwillbe?Ifyoureply“yes”toallofthesequestions,thenyouareanoptimist.Youprobablyareenthusiastic,cheerfulandoutgoing.Youmaybesuccessfulatworkandinlove.Butyoumaybemisguidedbecausethingsdon’tturnoutforthebest.Youmaybelievethatwhenonedoorclosesanotheroneopens(forexample,youmayfailtoobtainanewjob;anotherchancewillcomearoundsoon).Wrong.Whenonedoorcloses,anotherdoorslams(砰然关上)inyourface.That’sbitterreality.Nowabookhasbeenpublishedwhichconfirmswhatpessimists(悲观者)havesuspectedallalong.It’scalledThePositivePowerofDefensivePessimism.Itsauthorarguesthatdefensivepessimismcanleadtopositiveresults.Defensivepessimismisastrategyusedtomanagefear,anxietyandworry.Defensivepessimistsprepareforthethingsbysettinglowoutcomesforthemselves.Theycarefullyconsidereverythingthatmaygowrongandplanforwaystohandletheseproblems.Andthisgivesthemasenseofcontrol.LawrenceSanno,apsychologyprofessor,says,“What’sinterestingaboutdefensivepessimistsisthattheytendtobeverysuccessfulpeople,sotheirlowopinionofthesituation’soutcomesisnotrealistic.Theyuseittomotivatethemselvestoperformbetter.”Sofar,sogood.Thisisnotrocketscience.Defensivepessimistspreparecarefullyandconsiderwhatmightgowrong,whetheratwork,ondateoreveninasportsgame.Itmakessensetohaveaback-upplan.TherearemanysayingsinEnglishurgingcaution.Forexample,“Don’tputallyoureggsinonebasket.”And“Don’tcountyourchickensuntiltheyhatch.”Tohaveaconfidentandoptimisticapproachtolife’sproblemsisgood.ButlistentowhatWoodyAlien,theAmericancomediansays,“Confidenceiswhatyouhavebeforeyouunderstandtheproblem.”Thereareprosandcons（利与弊）tobeinganoptimistandapessimist.Don’tfeelbadifyouseetheglasshalfempty.Youarearealist.Butlightenupandhookupwithsomeonewhoseesthesameglasshalffull.29.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thebenefitsofdefensivepessimism.B.Abookthathasrecentlybeenpublished.C.Thedangersofbeingtoooptimistic.D.Howtobecomesuccessfulinlife.30.Theunderlinedsentence“Thisisnotrocketscience”(Para.4)means__________.A.thereisnorealproof B.itisquitesimpletounderstandC.thecostisnotsohigh D.it’sadangerousthingtodo 31.WhichofthefollowingEnglishexpressionswouldadefensivepessimistbelieve?A.Whateverwillbe,willbe.B.Theglassishalffullnothalfempty.C.Don’tputallyoureggsinonebasket.D.Everycloudhasasilverlining.32.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthewriterisprobably__________.A.arealist B.anoptimist C.anauthor D.ascientistDWhyLaughterMattersAlthoughmostpeoplebelievethatlaughterisoneofthenature’sgreattreatmentsforawholerangeofmentalandphysicaldiseases,itisstillaseriousscientificsubjectthatresearchersaretryingtofigureout.“Laughteraboveallelseisasocialthing,”saysBaltimoreneuroscientist,RobertProvine,whohasstudiedlaughterfordecades.“Alllaughtergroupslaugh‘ha-ha-ha’basicallythesameway.WhetheryouspeakMandarin,FrenchorEnglish,everyonewillunderstandlaughter.Thereisapatterngenerator(发生器)inourbrainthatproducesthissound.”Laughingisourfirstwayofcommunicating.Babieslaughlongbeforetheyspeak.Nooneteachesthemhowtolaugh.Theyjustdo.Peoplemaylaughataprank(恶作剧)onAprilFools’day.Butsurprisingly,only10to15percentoflaughteristheresultofsomeonemakingajoke.Laughterismostlyaboutsocialresponsesrathertoajoke.Deafpeoplelaughwithouthearingandpeopleoncellphoneslaughwithoutseeing,showingthatlaughterisn’tdependentonsinglesensebutonsocialinteractions.Andlaughterisnotjustapeoplething.Chimps(黑猩猩)tickle(挠痒)eachotherandevenlaughwhenanotherchimppretendstoticklethem.JaakPanksepp,aBowlingGreenUniversityPsychologyprofessor,studiesratsthatlaughwhenheticklesthem.Itturnsoutratslovetobetickled—theyreturnagainandagaintothehandsofresearchersticklingthem.Bystudyingrats,scientistscanfigureoutwhat’sgoingoninthebrainduringlaughter.NorthwesternUniversitybiomedicalengineeringprofessor,JeffreyBurgdorfhasfoundthatlaughterinratsproducesachemicalthatactsasanantidepressant(抗抑郁药).Hethinksthesamethingprobablyhappensinhumans,too.Thiswouldgivedoctorsanewchemicaltargettodevelopdrugsthatcanfightdepression.Evenso,laughteritselfhasnotbeenprovedtobethebestmedicine,expertssaid.MargaretStuber,aprofessoratUniversityofCalifornia,studiedwhetherlaugherhelpedpatients.Shefoundthatdistraction“Nostudyhasshownthatlaughterproducesadirecthealthbenefit,”Provinesaid,largelybecauseit’shardtoseparatelaughterfromjustfeelinggood.Buthethinksitdoesn’treallymatter:“Isn’tthefactthatlaughterfeelsgoodwhenyoudoitenough?”33.ThemostimportantfindingofRobertProvine’sresearchisthat______.A.laughtermakesapersonfeelgoodB.laughterdependsondifferentsensesC.ratsliketobetickledverymuchD.laughterisasocialresponsesharedbyallcreatures34.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Patientswillrecoveriftheylaughenough.B.Laughingisoneofourmeansofcommunication.C.Anewmedicinehasbeendevelopedbasedonthelaughterresearch.D.Scientistshaveknownwhatishappeninginahumanbrainwhenhelaughs.35.Accordingtothepassage,scientistsstudiedratsinordertofind______.A.iftheycanlaughB.iftheylikelaughingC.whatlaughterinratsproducesD.howratsreactwhilebeingtickled第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。SeeingwithSoundAwearablesetupofvOICesystemconsistsofahead-mountedcamera,stereoheadphonesandanotebookPC.Thesystemtranslatesvisualimagesfromacameraintocomplexsounds.__37Theprogramisbasedonthetheorythatpeoplecanhearcertainsoundsandlearntotranslatethemintomeaningfulmentalimages.Everythinghasitsownuniquesound.38Theheightofanobjectorpersoncouldbedeterminedbypitch(音调).Andabuilt-incolouridentifierspeaksoutcolournameswhenitisturnedon.WhatthevOICeusershadtolearniswhichsoundwentwithwhichobject.Meijersaysthatheiscountingonthebrain’sabilitytoadapt.__39Withintwoweeks,mostpeoplewhoexperimentwiththevOICesystemareabletoidentifyobjectssuchaswallsanddoors.Theyarealsoabletoidentifycertainsituations,includingwhetherthelightsinaroomareonoroff.40MeijerthinksthattranslatingwilleventuallybecomeautomaticformanyusersofthevOICe,bringingaformofvisiontothemfortheveryfirsttime.A.Brighterareassoundlouderthandarkerareas.B.Itthensendsthesesoundstoapersonthroughheadphones.C.However,theyarenotlearningtoseewiththeireyes;theyarelearningtoseewiththeirears.D.ThevOICesystemisaimingtotreatblindnessbytranslatingimagesfromacameraintoaudiosignals.E.Meijersupposesthatthebrainisinterestedintheinformation“content”,butnottheinformation“carrier”.F.Toevaluatethenewsystem’seffectiveness,anumberofvisuallyimpairedpeoplewerechosentotestthevOICe.G.Overtime,someusershaveevenlearnedto“watch”televisionor“recognize”theoutlinesofbuildingsastheywalk.第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Thereisatruestorybehindawell-knownpieceofart“ThePrayingHands”.InavillagenearNuremberg,livedafamilywitheighteenchildren.Tokeepfoodonthetable,thefatherworkedalmosteighteenhoursaday.Despitetheir__41__condition,twoofthechildrenhadadreamtopursuetheirtalentfor__42__,buttheyknewwellthattheirfatherwouldn’tbefinanciallyabletosend__43__ofthemtoNurembergtostudyattheAcademy.Finally,thetwoboysagreedthattheywouldtoss（扔）acoin.The__44__wouldgodownintothenearbyminestoworkandsupporttheotherbrother.Albrecht__45__thetoss.Albert,forthenextfouryears,financedhisbrother,__46__workattheacademywasalmostan__47__success.Albrecht'sworkswerefar__48__thanthoseofmostofhisprofessors,andwhenhegraduated,hebegantoearnconsiderablefees__49__hisworks.Whentheyoung__50__returnedhome,thefamilyheldafestivedinner.Albrechtrosetotoasttohisbelovedbrother,“Now,Albert,itisyour__51__toseekyourdreamandIwillsupportyou.”Tearsstreamingdown,Albertshookhishead,__52__andrepeated,"No...no."Finally,Albertroseand__53__thetearsfromhischeeks,sayingsoftly,“No,brother.I__54__gotoNuremberg.Itistoolateforme.Thebonesineveryfingerhavebeensmashedatleastonce,andIcannotevenholdaglassto__55__yourtoast”.Today,Albrecht’smasterpieces__56__ineverygreatmuseumintheworld,butchancesare__57__you,likemostpeople,arefamiliarwithonlyoneofthem.TopayAlbertforwhathehadsacrificed,Albrechtdrewhisbrother'sabusedhandswithpalmstogetherandthin__58__stretchedskyward.Hecalledhispowerfuldrawingsimply"Hands,"buttheentireworldalmostimmediatelyopenedtheirheartstohisgreatmasterpieceand__59__histribute(敬意)oflove"ThePrayingHands."Nexttimeyouseeacopyofthattouchingcreation,takeasecondlook.Letitbeyourreminder,ifyoustillneedone,thatnoone-nooneevermakesit__60__!41.A.hopefulB.fortunatelyC.disappointedD.hopeless42.A.musicB.artC.miningD.farming43.A.allB.bothC.eachD.either44.A.painterB.loserC.winnerD.failure45.A.lostB.gotC.wonD.beat46.A.whoB.hisC.whomD.whose47.A.considerateB.immediateC.attractiveD.ordinary48.A.smallerB.worseC.fasterD.better49.A.forB.toC.inD.at50.A.minerB.workerC.artistD.professor51.A.stepB.turnC.moveD.moment52.A.sobbedB.noddedC.smiledD.laughed53.A.recoveredB.sweptC.wipedD.handed54.A.can’tB.shouldn’tC.canD.should55.A.holdB.returnC.devoteD.beg56.A.hangB.representC.presentD.visit57.A.whenB.thatC.whichD.as58.A.figuresB.handsC.fingersD.arms59.A.saidB.lovedC.renamedD.called60.A.yetB.outC.aloneD.before

第II卷注意：将答案写在答题卷上。写在本试卷上无效。第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。A:WiththerapiddevelopmentoftheInternet,buildingawebsite__61__(get)moreandmoreimportantforacompany.B:Yes,agoodwebsitedoesgreathelp62abusiness,andagoodexampleisthosecompanies63dealwithe-commerce.A:Sodoyouknowhowtobuildawebsite?B:Inmyopinion,64youstart,youshoulddoathoroughresearch.Next,youshouldbuildyourcontent.Anditshouldbecreativeandunique.A:65buildingthecontentisthecentraltask,66maintenanceandmanagement（维护与管理）ofthewebsiteisdefinitelyindispensable（不可或缺的）.Ifyourimages,newsordiagramsareoutofdate,yourwebsite67beoverlooked.Soyoushouldrefreshthesiteonaregularbasis,amIright?B:Defin