2023学年完整公开课版定语从句

TheAttributiveClause

定语从句

Whatistheattribute(定语)?1.Heisan

honestboy.(形容词）2.Thefalling/fallenleavesareflyinginthesky.(现在/过去分词）3.What’syourtelephonenumber?（名词）4.Theboysontheplaygroundareplayingbasketballs.（介词短语）

修饰名词和代词的成分，作定语的除了形容词外，还有代词、数词、名词、介词短语或相当于形容词的词或短语等。Keywords:定语:abeautifulflower美丽的花atall

boy一位高个男孩beautifultallmyteacherthreeboysclothesshop

服装店thestudentsinclass上课的学生们

Thepositionsoftheattribute:

（定语的位置）1.Thisisaflowerbasket.2.Thisisabasketfullofflowers.（单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面，前置定语短语作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面，后置定语）看下列句子，是什么作定语呢？

1.Aplaneisamachine

thatcanfly.(从句）飞机是会飞的机器。2.Theforeigner

whovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.（从句）昨天参观我们学校的外宾来自加拿大。3.Thisisabasket

thatIwanttoputflowersin.（从句）这就是我要放花的篮子。Sheistheone

that

youneverforget.她就是你念念不忘的那个女孩呀ShemustbethereasonwhyGodmadeagirl.她诠释了上帝为何会创造女孩Shewinsineverything

thatshemightdo.

她在她能做的一切事情上力争成功Hehasasonwhowantstobeafootballplayer.Hewantstobeafootballplayer.Hewantstobeanactor.

一.定语从句的基本定义●在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。●定语从句相当于一个形容词，跟在名词或代词后修饰该名词或代词。一.定语从句的基本定义▲位置：定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后。▲定语从句的结构：先行词+关系词+从句1.被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。2.引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

关系代词：who,whom(作宾语成分）,whose,that,which

关系副词：when（时间）,where（地点）,why（原因）Theboy

whoisreadingisTom.先行词关系代词Hospitalisaplace

whereadoctorworks.先行词关系副词.

定语--从--句修饰名词或代词的名词\代词关系词具备有句子的基本成分先行词关系词的作用1.连接先行词与从句；2.替代先行词在从句中的位置；3.充当从句的成分指代所做分是否可省略that人；物主语；宾语作宾语可省which物主语；宾语作宾语可省who人主语；宾语作宾语可省whom人宾语可省whose人；物定语不可省关系代词的用法关系副词的用法指代所做成分是否可省略when时间状语否where地点状语否why原因状语否三.关系代词的基本用法和注意点三.1.关系代词的基本用法先行词在定从中作主语在定从中作宾语在定从中作定语人who、that（who、that、whom）whose物which、that（which、that）whose还有as关系词及其意义指代人指代事物所属关系指地点指时间指原因who,whom,that,aswhich,that,aswhosewhere（=介词+which）when(=介词+which）why(=for+which）关系代词关系副词归纳总结关系代词关系副词

起连词作用，本身又作从句中的主语、宾语、表语或定语

即起连接作用，本身又在从句中作时间、地点或原因状语who,whom(…的人）whose(某人的…）which(…东西，指物)that(…的人或物，指物或人）as(象…那样的，和…相同，正如)when(…的时候，修饰的时间名词)where(…的地方修饰场所、方位等名词)why(…原因；…理由)20

的定语从句that,which,who,whom,whose1)Thisisthefactorythatproducescars.(作主语,指物)2)Thegirlthatspoketomejustnowismyclassmate.(作主语，指人)3)Thefilm(that)wesawyesterdayisinteresting.(作宾语,指物)that既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。Thegirlwho/thatissittinginthechairisagoodsinger.Igotthenewsthat(which)mademeangryyesterday.Themanwho/thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.Whereistheboywho/thatbrokethewindow?Luckilynoneofthepeoplewhom/thatIknowwerekilledintheearthquake.Theskirtwhich/thatMaryboughttwoyearsagoisold.Isthisthenovelthat/whichyouintroducedtome?which,关系代词,指物,在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省.Footballisagamethat/whichislikedbymostboys.Thefilmthat/whichtheywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.26Thisistheboy.Heplaysbasketballverywell.

2.Thisistheboy.Heoftenasksmequestions.

Thisistheboywhooftenasksmequestions.Thisistheboywhoplaysbasketballverywell.

who关系代词,指人,在从句中作主语.271.Thisistheboy.Ioftenhelphim.Thisistheboy(whom)Ioftenhelp.2.Themanisourheadmaster.Youmethimjustnow.Themanisourheadmaster(whom)youmetjustnow.whom关系代词,指人,在从句中作宾语,可省.28Doyouknowthegirl?Herfatherismayor.Doyouknowthegirlwhosefatherismayor.2.Iusedtoworkinanoffice.Itswindowfacesnorth.Iusedtoworkinanofficewhosewindowfacesnorth.293.Iworkinaschool.Itsstudentsareexcellent.Iworkinaschoolwhosestudentsareexcellent.whose,关系代词,指物/人,在从句中作定语.1.Thestudent______fatherworksinthefactoryissittingthere.2.Iliketherooms______windowsfacesouth.3.Thisisthedesk______legswerebroken.whosewhosewhoseWhose在引导定语从句时，用作定语指人时：=the+n+ofwhom=ofwhom+the+n指物时：=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhich+the+n▲关系代词that和which▲在定语从句中，that和which

常常可以互换，但是下列情况只用关系词that,而不宜用which；当然作宾语时可以省略。考点1：that与which1.先行词（从句所修饰的词）被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时,只能用that引导从句.1）Thisisthemost

interestingstory

(that)Ihaveeverheard.2）Thefirstmeeting

(that)wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon.2.先行词是all,something,nothing,anything，everything,little,few，much,none,any,some等不定代词时,只能用that.1)Hereissomething

(that)Iwilltellyou.我有事要告诉你。2)Notall

thatglitters（闪烁）isgold.发光的并非都是金子。3）Wehaven’tgotmuch

(that)wecanofferyou.

3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that引出从句1)Icanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures

(that)Isaw.我清楚地记得我看到的人和照片。2)Theytalkedabouttheteachersandschools

(that)theyhadvisited.4.先行词被all,every,any,no,oneof,theonly,thevery,theright,last,just

等修饰，用that1）Arethereanyquestions

that

troubleyoumuch?还有你感到非常麻烦的问题吗？2）Theonlything

(that)

shecoulddowastogotothepoliceforhelp.她唯一能做的就是向警察求助。5.当主句已有疑问词who或which时，关系词用that1）Whichisthebike(that)youlost?2）Whoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?6.当关系代词在定语从句中作tobe

表语时,先行词无论指人还是物，关系词用that。

1）Tomisn’ttheboy

that

heusedtobe.汤姆不再是过去的老样子了。2）Shanghaiisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe上海不再时往昔的上海了。7.在therebe结构中，当先行词指物时，关系词用that

Thereisabookonthedesk(that)I’mveryinterestedin.桌子上有本我非常感兴趣的书。8.句子中含有两个定语从句时，其中一个词已用which,为了避免重复，一般情况，另一个宜用thatTheysecretlybuiltupasmallfactory

whichproducesthings

thatcouldcausepollution.他们悄悄建了一个小工厂，生产可能造成污染的产品。▲宜用which而不用that的情况:1.当引导非限制定语从句时。Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.足球，一项非常有趣的运动，在全世界得到普及。2.当关系代词前有介词时。Thisisthehouseinwhichheoncelived.这就是他曾经住过的房子。3.当先行词本身是that时。Thatwhichyoutoldhimaboutiswhatwewanttoknow.你告诉他的事情就是我们想知道的。▲用who,而不用that的情况：1.先行词是one(s),anyone,someone,noone,none,all,those,nobody,anybody等指人的不定代词时，关系词使用who1)ThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.2)One

whohasnothingtofearoneselfdarestotellthetruth.3)All

whohavestudiedthisquestionhavecometothesameconclusion.所有研究这个问题的人都得出了同样的结论。2.在therebe句型中，先行词指人,关系词用who1）Thereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou.2）Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim.44

whenwherewhy关系副词

关系副词引导定语从句时，既引导定语从句，又在定语从句中充当状语,不能省略。when

指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词为time,day,morning,night,week,year,moment,period,age等，亦可用“介词+which”替代。我仍然记得第一次坐飞机旅行的时间。我们生活在许多事情可以在电脑做的时代。Wearelivinginanagewhenmanythingsaredoneoncomputer.IstillrememberthetimewhenIfirsttraveledbyplane.46

1.I’llneverforgettheday.Theearthquakehappenedontheday.

I’llneverforgetthedaywhentheearthquakehappened.2.I’llneverforgetthedays.Westudiedtogetherduringthedays.I’llneverforgetthedayswhenwestudiedtogether.where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常为place,spot,street,house,room,city,town,country等，亦可用“介词+which”替代。Canyoutellmethecompanywhereheworks?你能告诉我他工作的公司吗？Keepthebooksinaplacewhereyoucanfindthemeasily.请把书放在容易找到的地方。481.Thisisthevillage.Iwasborninit.ThisisthevillagewhereIwasborn.2.Thisistheshop.Ibuybreadinit.ThisistheshopwhereIbuybread.Attentionwhere引导的定语从句还可以修饰表示抽象空间概念的名词，如case(情况或事例),point(地步或点),degree（程度),situation(情形或处境),position(位置),stage(阶段或场景)…Whataresomesituationswherebodylanguageistheonlyformofcommunication?在哪些情形下身体语言是唯一的沟通方式？why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，亦可用“介词for+which”替代。Canyoutellmethereasonwhyyoudidn’tcometohisbirthdayparty?你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？51Givemeonegoodreason.Ishouldhelpyouforthereason.GivemeonegoodreasonwhyIshouldhelpyou.2.Hetoldmethereason.Hedidn’tcometoschoolforthereason.Hetoldmethereasonwhyhedidn’tcometoschool.3.关系副词when,where和关系代词that,which的区分。同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用where，有时使用that/which；同样是修饰一个时间，有时使用when，有时使用that/which。这主要看两点：一：先行词在从句中所作成分；二：是定语从句中的谓语动词是否是一个及物动词。并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词时都用when,where,why，若先行词在定语从句中不作状语，而是作主语或宾语，就必须用which或that。1.Thisisthepark(that)wevisitedlastyear.Thisistheparkwhereweheldabirthdayparty.2.Shewon’tforgetthedays(that)shespentontheisland.Shewon’tforgetthedayswhentheystayedtogether.

Weoftenthinkofthedayswhenweworkedtogetherinthecountryside.Weoftenthinkofthedayswhichwespenttogetherinthecountryside.

which在定语从句中作宾语when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于onthedays。Webelievethereasonthathetoldus.Thereasonwhy/forwhichhewasabsentyesterdayisstillunknown.57I’llneverforgetthedays.Ispentthedayswithsomeforeignstudents.

I’llneverforgetthedays(which)Ispentwithsomeforeignstudents.581.Thisistheshop.Itsellsbread.Thisistheshopwhichsellsbread.2.Thisisthefarm.Itkeepsmanycows.Thisisthefarmwhichkeepsmanycows.3.Thisisthefarm.Ivisititeveryyear.Thisisthefarm（which

）Ivisiteveryyear.59

Thereasonisnottrue.Hegaveusthe

reason.Thereason(which)hegaveusisnottrue.归纳：关系词的选择依据先行词在从句中所作的成分，先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose)；先行词在从句中作状语时，应选择关系副词(where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语)。which,thatorwhere/when/why1.Thisisthemuseum_______mymotherworked10yearsago.(workedinthemuseum地点状语)Thisisthemuseum

_________wasbuiltin1950.(themuseumwasbuild)（museum主语）wherewhich2.July1,1921wastheday________our

Party

was

founded(成立).(ourPartywasfoundedontheday作状语）

July1,1921wastheday

__________wewillnotforget.（wewillneverforgettheday作宾语）whenwhich3.Irememberthedays_________Ilivedinmyhometown.(Ilivedinmyhometown

during

the

days

作状语）

Irememberthedays

__________Ispentwithmygrandpa.（Ispentthedayswith..the

days作宾语）whenwhich4.The

house_______________we’regoingtovisitwasbuiltacenturyago.(visitthehouse)

The

house_________________usedtobeatempleisaschoolnow.(the

houseusedtobeatemple)

The

house_________heusedtolivewasflooded.(heusedtolivein

the

house)(which/that)which/thatwhere5.Abookstoreisaplace_________youcangetbooks.(youcangetthebooksin

the

place)Abookstoreisaplace_________booksaresold.(booksaresoldin

the

place)Abookstoreisaplace_____________sellbooks.(the

placesellsbooks)wherewhich/thatwhere6.Ican’tfindthecard_______Iwroteyouraddress.(Iwroteyouraddresson

thecard)Ican’tfindthecard_____________Iwroteyouraddress.7.Thebox__________heputhisphotosisgone.(heputhisphotointothebox)Thebox_______________heiscarryingisheavy.(heiscarryingthe

box)wherewhereonwhich(that/which)way

作先行词时关系词的使用Ireallydon’tliketheway(that/inwhich)hetalkswithhisparents.Doittheway

Ishowedyou.

先行词theway

inwhichthat×

reason

作先行词时关系词的使用先行词thereason

for

whichwhythat

I’mnotclearaboutthereason

for

which

hedidit.

I’mnotclearaboutthereason

why

hedidit.

I’mnotclearaboutthereason

that

hedidit.【特别提示】：关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。如：1.Those

who

areagainsttheplanputupyourhands.2.Tomisoneofthestudents

who

werepraisedbytheteacheryesterday.3.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudents

who

waspraisedbytheteacheryesterday.Heisoneofthoseworkers_________abletodothisjob.

A.whoareB.whomis C.whois D.whomare

Heistheonlyoneofthoseworkers_________abletodothisjob.

A.whoare B.whomis C.whois D.whomare

定语从句解题方法:关系词的选择1.先看先行词，确定人或物2.

分析定语从句中的句子成分3.

确定关系代词的人称和数4.注意that和which的特殊情况用合适的关系词完成句子：1.Theboys________areplayingfootballarefromClassOne.2.Thegirls________theteacheroftenpraisesisourmonitor.3.Theman__________youmetjustnowismyoldfriend.4.Footballisagame________islikedbymostboys.5.Thefilm_______theywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.whowhom/whowhom/whowhich/thatwhich/that6.Whereistheman___________Isawthismorning?7.Ioncelivedinthehouse_________roofhasfallenin.8.Theclassroom_______doorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.9.Istillremembertheday________Ifirstcametothisschool.10.Thehouse________Ilivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.11.Pleasetellmethereason_________youmissedtheplane.that/whom/whowhosewhosewhenwherewhy12.Thisisthemostexpensivecellphone________Ihaveused.13.Thebuilding_________standsneartheriverisourschool.

14.Isthereashoparound_________Ican’tgetaparkofcigarettes?15.Menciuswasagreatthinker_______believedpeopleweremoreimportantthanrulers.thatwhichwherewhoTheattributiveclause

Preposition+which/that介词+关系代词1.用法

关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时,从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引导2.结构

先行词是人用

“介词+whom”

先行词是物用“介词+which”e.g.Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.

Thegirlaboutwhomwearetalkingisadoctor.我们正在谈论的那个女孩是个医生。他曾经上学的学校非常著名。知识结构图：“介词+关系代词”⑴先行词是⑵选介词介词+whom介词+which人物①介词与先行词的关系

②从句谓语动词或形容

词的固定搭配

③整个句子表达的意义

介词+关系代词介词+关系代词:介词的选择根据先行词来确定介词Hewillneverforgetthedayonwhichhefailedintheexam.ontheday在那天

1949wastheyearinwhich

theP.R.C.wasfounded.

foundinthisyear2.根据从句的谓语动词或形容词固定搭配确定HeisthepersonfromwhomIlearnalot.learnfromsb.向某人学习Thisisthecar____whichIpaid100$.Thisisthecar____whichIspent100$.Thisisthecar____whichIgotoworkeveryday.Thisisthecar______whichIcan’tgotowork.foroninwithoutThisisthecar____whichtheoldmanwasknockeddown.Thisisthecar____whichaboythrewastone.Thisisthecar____whichwetalked.Thisisthecar____whichthewindowwasbroken.byataboutof

Canyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomswithwhich

I’mnotfamiliar.

befamiliarwith对…熟悉3.根据整个句子的句意确定介词

Air,withoutwhichmancan’tlive,isreallyimportant.…withoutair…ThisisthevillageinwhichIstayedlastnight.IwillneverforgetthefarmonwhichIworkedwithyou.inthevillage在乡村onthefarm在农场TheWestLake,forwhichHangzhouisfamous,isabeautifulplace.ThemanwithwhomIshookhandsjustnowisateacher.befamousfor因…..而闻名shakehandswithsb.与某人握手Thepen,withwhichheiswritingnow,wasboughtyesterday.Thisismypairofglasses,withoutwhichIcannotseeclearly.…withpen……withoutglasses…介词+关系代词1.有些含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开,介词仍放在后面,如:lookfor,lookafter,lookforwardto,takecareof等e.g.Thebabywhomthenurseislookingafterisveryhealthy.

注意：2.“介词+关系代词”前还可有不定代词(some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each等),数词,百分数,或形容词最高级修饰。Shehastwosons,bothofwhomaredoctors.

注意：3.若先行词为时间名词、地点名词或reason,“介词+关系代词”可用相关的关系副词when,where,why替换e.g.Beijingisthecity________________

hehaslivedmanyyears.

注意：inwhich=(where)4.whose引导的定语从句,关系代词whose可替换为“the+名词+of+which/whom”或“ofwhich/whom+the+名词”e.g.注意：Iliveinthehousewhoseroofisred.=theroofofwhichisred.=ofwhichtheroofisred.

Thewinterholidaythatwehavelookedforwardtoforalongtimeiscoming.Thisisthewatchwhich/thatIamlookingfor.Thereare40studentsinourclass,mostofwhomarefrombigcities.Ihavemanyfriends,thetallestofwhomisLee.Thereason________________hewaslateisn’tclear.Iremembertheday________________Igoabroad.onwhich=(when)forwhich=(why)Iknowaboywhosefatherisadoctor.=thefatherofwhomisadoctor.=ofwhomthefatherisadoctor.Thebook__________Iheardwaswritten20yearsago.Thepeople__________themanspokeweren’tlistening.Thefilm__________Ifellasleepwasveryboring.ofwhichtowhominwhichThepen__________shewrotethatbookcannowbeseeninamuseum.Thelittlecreature__________scientistsareinterestedisknownasET.Thegun__________hewasshotwasneverfound.withwhichinwhichbywhich根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系1.DuZheisthemagazine________whichIwritearticles.2.1949wastheyear____whichtheP.R.Cwasfounded.forin3.Canyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidioms______whichI’mnotsure.about根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配4.Waterisveryimportantforus________whichwecan’tlive.

5.Thespeed______whichyoudriveyourcarmustn’ttoohigh.without根据整个句子的句意确定介词at1.Theman__________youshookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.2.Theroom__________myfamilyliveusedtobeagarage.withwhominwhich3.Didyoufindthepen_________Iwrotejustnow?4.Didyoufindthepaper________Iwrotemyletter?5.Didyoufindthecomposition______Iwrotejustnow?withwhichonwhichwhich1.Doyouknowwholivesinthebuilding______thereisawell?A.infrontofitB.infrontofwhoseC.infrontofwhichD.infrontwhich2.I’llneverforgettheday____IjoinedtheLeague.A.onwhichB.inwhichC.whichD.atwhich3.Thewoman_____mybrotherspokejustnowismyteacher.A.whoB.towhomC.towhoDwhomCAB4.Jeannewasheroldfriend,____sheborrowedanecklace.A.fromwhoB.fromwhomC.tothatD.towhom5.Hisglasses,_____hewaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbrokeitsleg.A.whichB.withwhichC.withoutwhichD.that6.Sheisateacherofmuchknowledge,_____muchcanbelearned.A.whoB.thatC.fromwhichD.fromwhomBCDmoreexerciseHebuiltatelescope___hecouldstudytheskies.A.inwhichB.withthatC.throughwhichD.byitDoyouknowthereason____hewaslate?A.thatB.whichC.forwhatD.forwhichIhaveboughttwoballpens,____writeswell.A.noneofwhichB.neitherofwhichC.noneofthemD.neitherofthemCDBTheSecondWorldWar_____millionsofpeoplewerekilledin1945.A.duringwhichB.inthatC.whereD.onwhichChinahasmanyrivers,____theChangjiangRiveristhelongest.A.whichB.inwhichC.amongwhichD.oneofwhichThisistheveryknife_____Iusedtocutapplesyesterday.A.thatB.bywhichC.whichD.withwhichACD1.

(2013•浙江卷)Thechildren,______hadplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.A.allofwhat B.allofwhichC.allofthem D.allofwhom2.

(2013•重庆卷)Johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding,mostof______arefamilymembers.

A.themB.thatC.whichD.whomDD4.Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadoutfurther,____NewYorkisanexample.

A.forwhich

B.inwhich

C.ofwhich

D.fromwhich5.Pleasepassmethedictionary______isblack.

A. B.whichcover

C.ofwhichthecover

D.itscover3.(2013•北京卷)Manycountriesarenowsettingupnationalparks______animalsandplantscanbeprotected.A.when B.which C.whose D.where=inwhichcoverofwhich

=thecoverofwhichDCC

Thefarm

weworkedtenyearsagoisn’twhatitusedtobe.Heistheman

youcanturnforhelp.Thisisthetree

weusedtoplaygames.onwhichtowhomunderwhichonthefarm在农场turntosb.forhelp向某人求助underthetree在树下非限制定语从句Non-DefiningAttributiveClauseIlikethegirlwhoismakingapose.修饰限制，译为“的”Ilikethegirl,

whoismakingapose.补充说明，译成并列句Wealladmirethemanwhowearsthewhitesuit.不能去掉Iadmiretheman,

whowearsabigsmile.能去掉Thisisthebestnovel

thatIhaveeverread.先行词是名词或代词The

novel,whichIreadlastnight,isveryinteresting.Thenovelisveryinteresting,whichmademeveryglad.

先行项可以是名词或代词，也可以是句子Xi’anisaverybeautifulcity(which)Ivisitedlastyear.Xi’an,whichIvisitedlastyear,isaniceoldcity.关系词不可省略China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.

2.HehastoworkonSundays,whichhedoesn’tlike.3.His

mother,wholoveshimverymuch,

isstrictwithhim.

4.ZhangJike,whomeveryonelikesverymuch,isoneofthebestathletesinourclass.5.Angles,

whose

nativelanguage

is

German,

can

readandwrite

in

several

foreignlanguages.6.Theplay,whosestyleisinformal,ispopularwiththeyoungpeople.7.TheywenttoLondon,wheretheylivedforsixmonths.8.HewillputoffthepicnicuntilMay1st,whenhewillbefree.9.LastsummerIvisitedthePeople’sGreatHall,inwhichmanyimportantmeetingsareheldeveryyear.

非限制性定语从句中的关系词指代人指代事物所属关系指地点指时间指原因

who,whom,thatwhich,thatwhose,ofwhichwherewhenwhy关系代词关系副词××非限制性定语从句中的关系词在非限定性定语从句中，不能用关系副词why和关系代词that。要用forwhich代替why.Ihadtoldthemthereason,forwhichI

didn’tattendthemeeting.

我已经把理由告诉了他们，为此我没有去开会。①指代人who,

whom,

Then

he

met

Mary，who（充当主语）

invited

him

to

a

party.Peter,

whom（充当宾语）

you

met

in

London,

is

now

back

in

Paris.②which引导的非限定性定语从句：关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中所指代和修饰的可以是主句中的名词、形容词、短语、其他从句或整个主句。These

apple

trees，which

I

planted

three

years

ago，have

not

borne

any

fruit.(指代主句中的名词)She

is

always

careless，which

we

should

not

be.（指代主句中的形容词）She

is

an

artist，which

surprisedmealot.(指代整个句子)③所属关系whose,

of

whichCharlieChaplin,whose（ofwhom）childhoodwashard,beganactingatthe

ageoffive.④指地点

where

They

went

to

London，where(地点状语)

they

lived

for

six

months.⑤指时间when

He

will

put

off

the

picnic

until

May

1st,

when

he

will

be

free.⑥指原因forwhichHewaslateforclass,forwhichhewas

punishedbyhisEnglishteacher.⑦“名词/代词+of+which

/

whom”引导的非限制性定语从句

Light

is

the

fast

thing

in

the

world,

the

speed

of

which

is

300.000

kilometers

per

second.⑧as引导的非限制性定语从句as引出非限定性定语从句时，代替整个主句，对其进行说明。但通常用于像as

we

all

know,；as

is

know

to

all,as

is

said

above；asis

always

mentioned

above,

as

is

usual；as

is

often

the

case,

asisreportedinthenewspaperShakespeareisafamouswriter,asweallknow.

众所周知，莎士比亚是一位著名的做偶家。当与such或the

same连用时,一般用asSuch

books

as

you

tell

me

are

interesting.I

have

the

same

plan

as

you.

8.Spidersarenotinsects,asmanypeoplethink.=(Asmanypeoplethink,spidersarenotinsects.)as(译为__________)引导的非限制性定语从句的位置比较灵活,可位于所修饰的句子之后,句中或句首;而由which(译为________________)引导的非限制性定语从句一般不位于句首。

“正如……”“这”或“这件事”133Football,________isaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.Myfather,_______isaphysicsteacher,worksinthisschool.whichwhoTheDifferences限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上意义上作用上不用逗号用逗号去掉后句意不完整去掉后，句意完整修饰限制只可修饰先行词补充说明可修饰先行词或主句译为“…的”可译为并列句翻译时关系词作宾语时可以省略不可省略且不能用that,why引导

1.Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,_____wasbeyondhiswildestdream.(2007上海)A.whichB.that C.whereD.it2.ShewillflytoWashington,_________shecanenjoyherself.A.whereB.thatC.whichD./1.CharlesSmith,_____wasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.2.AfterthewarhewenttotheAmerica,_____