兰州2023高三一诊英语试题及答案

兰州市2010年高三诊断考试试卷英语审题人：冼巧洁编校人：魏会阁注意事项：1．本试卷分第1卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。2．本试卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟。3．答题全部在答题纸上完成，试卷上答题无效。第一卷（选择题，共95分）第一部分：英语知识运用（共三节，满分50分）第一节：语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分S分）从A.B.C.D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。1.electA.seldomB.replyC.mediaD.secret2.designA.observeB.tasteC.decisionD.pleasure3.theatreA.breatheB.breakC.areaD.heaven4.characterA.machineB.researchC.changeD.technique5.yellowA.carefullyB.replyC.IoyaltyD.daily第二节：语法和词汇知识（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B.C.D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。6.Thepatient'srecoverywasvery____ashecouldnearlygetoutofbedwithouthelp.A.movingB.touchingC.encouragingD.inviting7.1wishI'dboughtafewjarsofhoney.Didyounoticetheonesthey____bytheroadside?A.weresellingB.aresellingC.havesoldD.hadsold8.There's_____cookingoillefiinthehouse.Wouldyougotothecomerstoreandget____?A.little;anyB.little;someC.alittle;someD.alittle;any9.Afterplayingbasketballfortwohours.hereturnedhome.A.tiredlyandthirstyB.tiredandthirstilyC.tiredlyandthirstilyD.tiredandthirsty10.-Canyoushowmeyourheadmaster'soffice?-_____ButIdon'tknowifheisinatthemoment.A.GoaheadB.You'rewelcomec.OfcoursenotD.Sure11.Itisnaturalthat____studentdoesn'tknowsomeanswersto____questionsraisedbytheirteachers.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;aD.the;the12.Tomysurprise,someofmystudents_____stayuptostudyforthecomingexaminationA.mayB.mustC.canD.should13._______,heisfamousforwritingblogs.A.AsheisateacherB.AteacherasheisC.AteacheralthoughheisD.teacherasheis14.Hesuccessfullypassedtheexamandwas_____tohisidealuniversity.A.receivedB.admittedC.permittedD.moved15.Withthereformofeducationalsystem,theteachers_____schoolIworkedbeforehavegreatlychangedtheirwayofteaching.A.inwhoseB.whoseC.inwhichD.which16.Ihadn'tintendedtogetmuchfromthebusinessIranthefirstyear,whileit_____sowellA.wentoutB.carriedoutC.madeoutD.turnedout17.Wegottotheairportearly,_____missingourflight.A.incaseofB.insteadofC.forfearofD.insearchof18.Thestoriesofrescuingtrappedstrangersintheearthquakehighlightthehugeefforts_______byHaitiansthemselves,aswellasaidworkersfromaroundtheworld.A.tobemadeB.beingmadeC.havingmadeD.tohavemade19.Iwondered_____thatmadehimsoupset.A.howitwasB.whichdiditC.whatitwasD.whodidit20.Theyhavemade_______arule________intheroom.A.this;nottosmokeB.it;smokingC.it;tonotsmokeD.it;nottosmoke第三节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文,从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A.B.C和D)中,选出可以填入空白的最佳选项。MyhearingisgettingworseeverydayandIfearbythetimeI'mtwenty-oneIwillbefullydeaf.Itscaresmeverymuch.Beingdeafaffectsme21youmightthink.I'vemetsomepeoplewhohave22atmebecauseIhave"ignored"them.Butin23fact.Ididn'thearthem.InschoolIofiengettoldoff(责骂)for24tooloud,wheninrealityIdon'trealizeitbecauseIcan'thearmyselfwell.Itmakesmefeelreally25.Ialsocan'tparticipateinalotof26,likecanoeingorcross-country,becauseit'swindyoutsideandthismayaffectmyears.Ihatehavingtousethese27andIoftenfeellike28reallygetsme,sosometimesIfeelalittlebitlonely.Igetquestionsallthetime,29"Whyareyoudeaf?"and"What'sthatthinginyourear?"Evenmyfriendsdon't1OO%understand.Today,oneofthemsaidtome.“Sowhat'sgoingtohappenwhenyougo30deaf?”Itreallygottome.WhatwillhappenwhenIgofullydeaf?WillIhavea31life?Idon'tthinklwill.Lookingback32mychildhood,Iwouldsayitwasprettymuchnon-existent.Itwasfullofhospital_33andoperationsforgrommets(devicesthatlettheearbreathe)-andtomakeit34Ihadeyeproblemsaswell!Iaintheonlyoneinmywholefamilywhohasanymedical35WhenIwasachild.136towearmyhearingaids.Thiswasn'tbecausetheymademyearssweaty(出汗的)likethedoctorsthought.37becauseIwasashamedofthem.Funnilyenough,itwasabigcomputerstorethathelpedmeovercomethisbecauseawomanbehindthe38hadherhaircutshortto39herhearingaids.Shehelpedme40myself-confidenceandnowIrealizeit'sokaythatIwearthem.21.AnomorethanB.morethanC.nolessthanD.lessthan22.AshoutedB.glancedC.laughedD.looked23.AfalseB.idealC.realD.actual24.AtellingB.sayingC.speakingD.working25.AexperiencedB.excitedC.ashamedD.astonished26.AjobsB.activitiesC.travelsD.situations27.AexpressionsB.commentsC.remarksD.excuses28.AeverybodyB.nobodyC.somebodyD.everyone29.AlikeB.asC.asforD.for30.AtotallyB.perfectlyC.exactlyD.largely31.AcommonB.usualC.normalD.formal32.AofB.withC.inD.on33.AargumentsB.agreementsC.statementsD.appointments34.AmoreB.lessC.worseD.better35.AtroublesB.problemsC.questionsD.illnesses36.ArefusedB.decidedC.failedD.chose37.AandB.butC.yetD.butalso38.AscreenB.timeC.accountD.counter39.AshowinB.showoutCshowoffD.showup40.AholdupB.buildupC.breakupD.bringup第二部分:阅读理解(共25小题;第一节每小题2分,第二节每小题1分;满分45分)第一节：阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A.B.C和D)中.选出最佳选项.AWhenitcomestofriends,Idesirethosewhowillsharemyhappiness,whopossesswingsoftheirownandwhowillflywithme.Iseekfriendswhosequalitiesilluminate（照亮）meandtrainmeupforlove.ItisforthesepeoplethatIreservetheglowinghours,toogoodnottoshare.WhenIwasintheeighthgrade,Ihadafriend.Wewereshyand"tooserious"aboutourstudieswhenitwasbecomingfashionablewithourclassmatestolearnacceptablesocialbehaviors.Wesaidlittleatschool.butshewouldcometomyhouseandwewouldsitdownwithpencilsandpaper.Andoneofuswouldsay:"Let'sstartwithatrainwhistletoday."Wewouldsitquietlytogetherandwriteseparatepoemsorstoriesthatgrewoutofatrainwhistle.Thenwewouldreadthemaloud.Attheendofthatschoolyear,we,too,werechangingintosocialcreaturesandthestoriesandpoemsstopped.WhenIlivedforatimeinLondon,Ihadafriend.Hewasindespair(失望）andIwasindespair.Butourfriendshipwasbasedontheideaineachofusthatwewouldbesorrylaterifwedidnotexplorethisgreatcitybecausewehadfeltbadatthetime.WemeteverySundayforfiveweeksandfoundmanyexcellentthings.Wewalkeduntilourdespairsdisappearedandthenweparted.WegaveLondontoeachForalmostfouryearsIhavehadremarkablefriendwhoseimaginationilluminatesmine.Wewritelonglettersinwhichweoftendiscoverourstrangestselves.pachofusappears,sometimesinafunnyway.intheother'sdreams.SheandIagreethat,atcertaintimes,weseemtobepartsofthesamemind.Inmymostinterestingmoments.Ioftenthink:"Yes,Imusttell...."Wehavenevermet.ItissuchcomfortingcompanionsIwishtokeep.Onebrighthourwiththeirkindisworthmoretomethanthelifetimeservicesofapsychologist,whowillonlyfillupthehealing（愈合的）silencenecessarytothosedarkestmomentsinwhichIwouldratherbemyownbestfriend.41.InParagraph3,"WegaveLondontoeachother"probablymeans____A.ourexplorationofLondonwasamemorablegifitobothofusB.wewereunwillingtotearourselvesawayfromLondonC.ourunpleasantfeelingaboutLondondisappearedD.wepartedwitheachotherinLondon42.AccordingtoParagraph4,theauthorandherfriend_______A.calleachotherregularlyB.havesimilarpersonalitiesC.enjoywritingtoeachotherD.Iovetodiscovernewthings43.Inthedarkestmoments,theauthorwouldpreferto_______A.seekprofessionalhelpB.beleftaloneC.staywithherbestfriendD.breakthesilence44.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.UnforgettableExperiencesB.RemarkableImaginationC.LifelongFriendshipD.NobleCompanionsBHowtoimproveourlife?Manypeoplethinkthattheyhavetoacceptwhateverlifethrowsatthem.They'11say,"mydestiny（命运）.Icannotchangeit."Ofcoursenot!Youdon'thavetosufferneedlessly.Yourlifedependsonyou,notonanyotherextemal（外部的）factor.Iknowawomanwhosaysshejustacceptswhatlifegivesherbecauseshehasdoneeverythingshecantoimproveit.Guesswhatherlifestyleis.Shewakesupinthemorning,goestoworkcomesbackhome.relaxes.chatswithpeople,watchesTV,andthengoestosleep.Nextday,thesameroutinecyclefollows.Huh!Isthiswhatshecalls"doingherbest"'?Shebelievesshehastriedherbestandjustacceptsforherheartthatthisisthelifethathasbeenintendedforher.andthatherluckcanonlychangeifGodwillsit.Shehasn'trealizedthatwehavetodoourshareofmakingtheefforttolivethelifeofourdreams.Rememberthatyouharvestwhatyousow.Youhavetogetoffthesofa,getyoureyesofftheTVscreen,getyourhandsoffthephone(unlessitcontributestoyoursuccess),andgetyourmindandbodytowork!Don'texpectyourlucktochange,unlessyoudosomethingaboutit.Ifsomethinggoeswrong,don'tjustregarditasatemporarysetback;instead,learnyourlesson,makethemostofthesituation,anddosomethingtosolvetheproblem.It'snotenoughtothinkpositively;youalsohavetoactpositively.Ifsomeone'slifeisintrouble,doyoujusthopeandpraythatthingswillturnoutfine?Ofcoursenot!Yougettodoanythingyoucantosavetheperson.Soitiswithyourownlife.Itisnotenoughtohopeforthebest,butyouhavetodoyourbest.Inotherwords,don'tjuststand(orsit)there,dosomethingtoimproveyourlife.45.AccordingtothewomanmentionedinPara3,herlife________A.doesn'tneedimprovingB.couldn’tbeimprovedC.willbebettersomedayD.willbeworseinthefuture46.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthewoman'slife?A.Passive.B.Positive.C.Colorful.D.Boring.47.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistheauthor'sopinion?A.Yourtemporaryproblemisnotdiscouraging.B.Yourluckcanbechangedbyyourefforts.C.YoucanonlyachievesuccesswhenGodwillsit.D.Youshouldtreatyourselfinthewayyoutreatfriends.48.InPara.5,theauthoremphasizedtheimportanceof_______A.hopeforthebestB.intentiontosucceedC.positivethinkingD.positiveactionCThroughouttheworld,clothinghasmanyuses.Itisusedtoprovideprotectionfromtheelements.Itisalsoworntopreventothersfromseeingspecificpartsofone'sbody.However,thepartsofthebodythatmustbecoveredvarywidelythroughouttheworld.Someclothingisworntoprovidesupernaturalprotection.Wearingaluckyshirttotakeanexamiscallingforsupernaturalassistance.Peopleinallculturesuseclothingandotherformsofbodilydecorationtocommunicatestatus,intentionsandothermessages.InNorthAmerica,wedressdifferentlyforbusinessandvariousleisureactivities.NorthAmericanwomenusuallyaremuchmoreknowledgeableofandconcernedWithlittledifferenceinmessagescommunicatedbyclothesthanmen.Attimes,thisleadstosillymistakesofinterpretation（解释）offemaleintentionsonthepartofmen.Ofcourse.clothingstylesalsoareintendedtocommunicatemessagestomembersofthesamegender（性别）．Longbeforewearenearenouthtotalktosomeone,theirappearancetellstheirgender,age,economicclass.andoftenevenintentions.Webegintorecognizetheimportantculturalcluesatanearlyage.Thevocabularyofdressthatwelearnincludesnotonlyitemsofclothingbutalsohairstyles,jewelry,andotherbodydecoration.Inmostcultures,however,thesamestyleofdresscommunicatesdifferentmessagesdependingontheage,gender.andphysicalappearanceoftheindividualwearingit.Puttingoncertaintypesofclothingcanchangeyourbehaviorandthebehaviorofotherstowardsyou.Thiscanbethecasewithadoctor'swhitelabcoat,oranarmyuniform.Mostuniformsareclearlysymbolicsothattheycanrapidlyandunmistakablycommunicatestatus.Forinstance.thestrangehairstyleandclothingoftheEnglish"punks"areessentialaspectsoftheiruniforms.Therearemanyformsofbodydecorationotherthanclothesthatareusedaroundtheworldtosendmessages.Theseincludebodyandhairpaint,andevenbodydeformation.Whendoctorsputbracesonteeth,theyareactuallydoingthesamething-deformingorreformingapartofthebodytomakeitmoreattractive.49.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.ClothingandCultureB.CommunicationthroughClothingC.ClothingandSocialBehavior50.InNorthAmericamensometimesmisunderstandwomen'sintentionbecauseA.menaremorecarelessthanwomenB.womenspendmoretimeontheirclothesC.menandwomenhavedifferentviewsonclothingstylesD.mencarelessaboutthedifferentmessagescommunicatedbyclothes51.Fromthepassage.itcanbeinferredthat__________A.messagescommunicatedbyclothesarethesameindifferentculturesB.wordsofdressarenotenoughtocommunicatedifferentmessagesC.dressisbetterthanlanguageincommunicatingmessagesD.clothingplaysanimportantroleinsocialactivities52.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"essential"meaninthispassage?A.beautifulB.necessaryC.unimportantD.commonDManydiseaseresearchershavewarnedthatrisingglobaltemperaturescouldleadtomorediseases.forexamplebyallowingtropicaldiseasestoexpandtheirrangesintowhatarenowmildregions.Thisisaparticularfearforthediseasescarriedbyinsectssuchasmalariac(疟疾）andsleepingsickness.Buttherealityismorecomplex,arguesKevinLafferty.adiseaseecologist.Hearguesthatawarmingclimatecouldfavoursomediseasesincertainregionswhilecontrollingtheminothers.Laffertydoesnotdenythatclimatechangemightallowmalarialmosquitoestospreadtonewareas.Howeverhebelievesthathotteranddrierconditionsmayalsogetridofmosquitoesfromareaswheretheycurrentlyexist.Ifthiswerethecase,hesays.therewouldbelittle.ifany,netincrease(净增长）intheriskofdisease.Inaddition,manymildregionssuchassouthernEuropeorthesouthernU.S.havegoodsanitation（卫生设备）andinsectcontrolprogrammeswhich,Laffertysays,wouldpreventdiseasesfrombecomingcommonevenifclimaticconditionsweresuitable.Finally,heargues,climatechangecouldwipemanyspeciesofftheplant.Infectiouspathogens（病原体）dependontheirhostsforsurvivalsotheytoomaybecomeendangered-especiallyifthey,likemalaria,relyonmorethanonehost.ButMercedesPascualoftheUniversityofMichiganpointsoutthattherearelargehumanoutweightheadvantagesofdecreasedriskelsewhere.Mostoftheecologistsdo,however,seemtoagreeononepoint:predictingwhereadiseaseisgoingtogonextinvolvesfarmorethanjustconsideringclimate.Nomatterwhattheresultsofthedebateare,theyallagreethathealthconcernsshouldcontinuetoplayacriticalroleinclimatepolicyandthedebateshouldn'tberegardedasweakeningthecaseforactionagainstglobalwarming.53.AccordingtoKevinLafferty,climatechange__________A.willnotincreasethespreadofinsect-bomediseasesB.maynotsignificantlyincreasetheriskofdiseaseinthewholeworldC.willnotaffectthedryregionswheresanitationisgoodD.maynotaffectvirusesthatdependonmorethanonehost54.WhatdoesMercedesPascualthinkofLafferty'sconclusion?A.Shedisagreeswithit.B.Shesupportsit.C.Sheisnotsureofit.D.Shethinksitneedsproving.55.Wemayinferfromthepassagethat___________A.climateistheonlyfactorinthepredictiorofthespreadofdiseasesB.whenmakingaclimatepolicyoneshouldtakehealthintoaccountC.thedebatementionedinthepassagefurthersthedebateonglobalwarmingD.apolicyshouldbemadeimmediatelytotrytostopclimatechange56.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat___________A.allthediseaseresearchersagreethatclimatechangewillspreaddiseaseB.nothingcanbedonetostopthepresentglobalwarmingC.scientistshavefoundwaystostopthewildspreadofdiseaseD.ecologistshavedifferentviewsonwhethertheglobalwarmingwillspreaddiseasesfurtherEIn1789theU.S.governmentpassedalawwhichsaidthatthelandoftheAmericanIndianscouldneverbetakenfromthemwithouttheiragieement.Onehundredyearslater,however,theIndiansonlyhadaverysmallpartofthelandthatoriginallybelongedtothem.HowdidthisgreatInjustice(不公正）occur?After1812whitesettlersbegantomovewestacrossNorthAmerica.Atfirst,thesettlersandtheIndianslivedinpeace.However,thenumberofsettlersincreasedgreatlyeveryyear.andslowlytheIndiansbegantoseethewhitesettlersasadangertotheirsurvival.Tofeedthemselves,thesettlerskilledmoreandmorewildanimals.theIndians,whodependedontheseanimalsforfood,hadtostruggleagainststarvation.Thesettlersalsobroughtwiththemmanydiseaseswhichwerecommoninwhitesociety.butwhichwerenewfortheIndians.GreatnumbersofIndiansbecamesickanddied.Between1843and1854theIndianpopulationinoneareaofthecountrywentdownfrom100,000to30,000.Morelandwasneededfortheincreasingnumberofwhitesettlers.InWashington,theoldrespectfortherightsoftheIndiansdisappeared.TheoldpromisestotheIndianswerebroken;thegovernmentbegantomovegroupsofIndiansfiomtheiroriginalhomelandstootherpoorerpartsofthecountry.SomeIndiansreactedangrilyandviolentlytothistreatment.Theybegantoattackwhitesettlers,andtheIndianwarbegan.For30years,untilthelate1880s,differentgroupsofIndiansfoughtagainsttheinjusticesofthewhitemari.Theyhadafewfamoussuccesses,buttheresultofthesirugglewasneverindoubt.Thereweretoomanywhitesoldiers,andtheyweretoopowerful.ManyIndianswerekilled;thesurvivorsweremovedfromtheirhomelandstodifferentareasofthecountry.Itwasaterriblechapterinthehistoryofacountrythatpromisedfreedomandequalitytoeveryone.57.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.IntheU.S.thereweremanylawsthatprovidedtherightsofAmericanIndians.B.Thelawwhichwaspassedin1789bytheU.S.governmentwasnotsuccessfullycarriedout.C.Inthe19thcenturynoinjusticesweredoneagainsttheIndiansbytheU.S.government.D.Themajorityofwhitesettlerswereopenlyopposedtothelawpassedin1789.58.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.TheIndiansbelievedthatkillingtoomanywildanimalshaddisturbedthebalanceofnature.B.ThegovernmentbegantohaveabetterunderstandingoftheIndiansinthefiftiesofthenineteenthcentury.C.Between1843and1854about70,000Indianswerekilledinthebattle.D.ThewhitescarriedseriousdiseasesintowheretheIndianslived.59.Itisimpliedlnthepassagethat____A.theIndianshadmanygreatsuccessesintheIndianswarsB.theIndianshadnodoubtthattheywouldwinthewarsC.afterthewartheindiansstayedwheretheywerebeforeD.theIndiansweretooweaktowinthestruggle60.Whatisthewriter'sopinionaboutthetreatmentthattheIndiansreceivedfromtheU.S.government?A.HebelievedthatthegovernmentalwaysrespectedtherightsoftheIndians.B.Hebelievedthatthegovernmentcan'tbecriticizedforitstreatmenttotheIndians.C.HebelievedthatthegovernmenttreatedtheIndiansunjustlyD.Hebelievedthatthegovernment'sunfairtreatmentagainsttheIndianswasnotonpurpose.笫二节：根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。---Whenisyourvocationgoingtostart?---I'llbeleavingonthefifthofAugust---61Howmanyweeksareyougoingtobetaking?---I'mtakingtwoweeksnow,butlwanttosavetheotherweekandtake---itsometimeduringwinter.---Thatsoundsgood.62---Tothebeach.---Haveyoumadeyourhotelreservationyet?----63I'llbestayingwithfriends.---You'relucky.64---Whataboutyou?Whenareyouplanningtotakeyourvocation?---_65Ishouldbethinkingaboutit,Iguess.A.Oh,Idon'tneedtodothat.B.No,notreally!C.That'sonlyafewdaysfromnowD.It’shardtofrndahotelinAugust.E.Thatdepends.F.Idon'tknow.G.Whereareyougoing?第二卷（非选择题，共55分）第三部分：写作（共三节，满分55分）第一节；单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，在句子横线上写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空只写一词）66.Shemajoredin_______(生物学)whenshewasintheuniversity.67.______（诚实）speaking.Idon'tthinkitwouldbetherightthingtodoatthemoment.68.ManyeconomistsusetheDavosforumasa______(平台)fortheirfinancialviews.69.He'sstill______（犹豫）aboutjoiningtheexpedition.70.Theladyisusedtocarryingan_______（伞）withherinsummer71.Sheknittedapairof_______(手套)herself.72.Thenumberofdeathsfromheartdiseasewillbereducedgreatlyifpeopleare______(说服)toeatmorefruitandvegetables.73.Ontheir_____(到达),theybegantolookintothecauseoftheaccident.74．Weshouldprotect_______（消费者）rights.75．Itis____（无希望）forhertopassthedrivingtest.第二节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）此题要求改正所给短文中的错误，对标有题号的每一行做出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个钩(√)；如有错误（每行只有—个错误），则按下列情况改正：此行多一个词：把多余的侧用斜线(\)划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。注意：原行没有错的不要改。Whentrainfairswentupforthethirdtimesinoneyear,Idecided76______buyamotorcycletoridetowork.Myideawasthat.althoughI77______wouldhavetopayfortax,insuranceandgasoline,Iwillstillspend78______morethanontrainticketsovertheyear.Imightevensavetimeon79______thejourneyfromhometowork.SoIboughtforonesmall80______second-handJapanesemotorcycle.Ibegantolearntoridethem.Atfirst81______itseemedverydifficultformewhenlhadneverlearnedtoride82______aordinarybicyclebefore.ButIsoongotusedtoit.Ijustfell83______offonceortwiceduringthefirstfewweeks,butafterawhile84______Ifeltreasonableconfidentandrodetoworkeveryday.85______第三节：书面表达（满分30分）校学生会正在面向全校师生征集创建绿色校园活动的建议。下面是一些已经征集到的建议，请你为校报写一篇英文报道。┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓┃CreatingaGreenCampus┃┣━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┫┃1．绿化环境