2023届艺考生文化课人教版高考英语百日冲刺复习：必修四Unit3

［基础巩固］

单句语法填空

1.Thecoolingwindsweptthroughourbedroomwindows,making(make)airconditioning

unnecessary.

2.Asisknowntousall,notallthepeoplearewillingtovoteforthepeoplewhoareeagerto

bethewinnersincompetitions.

3.Hespentfouryearsgettingadegree,onlytofind(find)therewerenojobsforgraduates.

4.Thereisnoconvincingexplanation(explain)oftheoverallstructureoftheuniverse.

5.Apartfromanoccasional(occasion)noisefromtheelephant'sstomach,theforestwas

silent.

6.Accordingtomyownunderstanding,agoodteacherisalsoagoodperformer(perform)in

class.

7.Localresidentshavereactedangrilytothenews.

8.Tomygreatentertainment(entertain),hepromisedtoentertainustoicecream.

9.Weareparticularly(particular)gratefultohimforhistimelyhelp.

10.Wefinallymanagedtomakethecustomersconvinced(convince)ofthequalityofthe

vehicle.

［能力提升］

I.阅读理解

Itisnaturalthatchildrenarecuriousabouttheworldaroundthem.Forexample,theywantto

knowhowtheirheartsbeat(跳).Theywanttoknowwhytheoceanwatertastessalty.

Aschildrengrowup,theybecomecuriousaboutdifferentkindsofthings.Whentheyare

babies,theyareinterestedinthepartsoftheirbodiesandinthesmilesoftheirmothers.They

becomeinterestedinthephysicalworldaroundthem：theplants,theanimals,thesky.Later,they

becomeinterestedinthethingsthatpeoplehavemadewheels,bicycles,cars.Andwhenthey

areadults,theircuriositycontinues.Sometimesthiscuriosityleadstoacareer职业)

inscience.

Scientistsspendtheirlivestryingtofindoutabouttheworld.Thosewhoworkwiththeearth

sciencesstudytheearth,theoceans,andthesky.Otherscientistswhostudylivingthingswork

withthebiologicalsciences.Athirdgroupofscientistsstudythephysicalsciences,e.g.physics,

chemistry.Thesescientistshavealreadydiscoveredalotaboutourworld.Forexample,theytellus

whyyourheartbeatsfastwhenyourun.Theysaythatwhenyouarequiet,yourheartnormally

beatssixty-fiveorseventy-fivetimesaminute.Yourheartisapump(泵)thatpumpsbloodto

allpartsofthebody.Thebloodcarriesoxygenandnutrition.Whenyourun,yourmuscles(肌

肉）workveryhardandusethenutritionthatthebloodcarriestothem.Themusclesneedoxygen,

too.Soyourbrainsendsasignaltotheheart.Thesignalmeansthatthemusclesneedmore

nutritionandoxygen.Thentheheartbeatsfastandsendsbloodquicklytothemuscles.ltmaybeat

90to140timesaminute.

Ofcourse,scientistscannotanswerallofourquestions.Ifweask,“Whydoestheocean

watertastesalty?”Scientistswillsaythatthesaltcomesfromrocks.Whenarockgetsveryhot

orverycold,itcracks（破裂）.Rainfallsintocracks.Therainthencarriesthesaltintotheearthand

intotherivers.Theriverscarrythesaltintotheocean.Butthenweask,“Whathappenstothesalt

intheocean?Theoceandoesnotgetsaltiereveryyear.^Scientistsarenotsureabouttheanswerto

thisquestion.

Weknowalotaboutourworld,buttherearestillmanyanswersthatwedonothave,andwe

arecurious.

［语篇导读］本文是一篇关于好奇心的议论文。不同年龄段的人好奇心也不同，科学家们

不能解释的事物就是好奇心的根源所在。

1.Scientistswhoworkwiththebiologicalsciencesstudy.

A.theearth,theoceansandthesky

B.man-madethings

C.plantsandanimals

D.oceanwater

解析：C［推理判断题。由第三段第三句"Otherscientistswhostudylivingthingsworkwith

thebiologicalsciences”可知生物科学家研究动植物，故答案为C项。］

2.Whenyourun,yourmusclesneed.

A.morenutritionandoxygen

B•moresignals

C.moresalt

D.water

解析：A［细节理解题。由第三段中^Themusclesneedoxygen,too.Soyourbrainsendsa

signaltotheheart.Thesignalmeansthatthemusclesneedmorenutritionandoxygen”可知答案

为A项。］

3.Arockcracks.

A.inwetregions

B.indryregions

C.atveryhighorverylowtemperatures

D.whensaltywaterfallsin

解析：C［细节理解题。由倒数第二段中“Whenarockgetsveryhotorverycold,it

cracks（破裂）可知答案为C项。］

4.Peoplearealwayscuriousbecause.

A.theycannotexplainmanythings

B.theyknownothingabouttheworld

C.theyknowlittleabouttheworld

D.theywanttobescientists

解析：A［细节理解题。由最后一句"Weknowalotaboutourworld,buttherearestillmany

answersthatwedonothave,andwearecurious.”可知答案为A项。］

II.完形填空

Whiletraveling,youmighthavestayedatahotelorafamilymember'shouse.Buthaveyou

everthoughtaboutstayinginastranger's1?

Thismightsound2,butit'sactuallyatrendthat*sbecomingpopulararoundtheworld,

includingChina.

Lodgingrental（借宿出租）companieslikeAirbnbarehelpingpeoplelookforcheapwaysto

3.Thiswebsiteallowspeopletorentouttheir4roomsorapartmentsasanalternativeto

5inover190countries.

CreatedbyyoungAmericanmenBrianChesky,JoeGebbiaandNathanBlecharczyk,Airbnb

isagoodexampleofa6economy.ThroughtheInternet,peopleshare7suchascars,

apartmentsand8theirexpertise.

9postinformationaboutthelocation,prices,descriptionsandpictures.Guestscangoto

the10andfindtheirfavoriteplacestostay.Users11theiropinionsontheirstaysothat

peopleknowwhetheraplaceisgoodornot.

AmaninNewYorknamedJonathanPowleyevenrentsouthis12for$22（140yuan）per

nightthroughAirbnb.Thisisno13car,Powleytookoutthecarseatsandchangedthe

14tomakeitlookmorewelcoming.Hekeepsitcleanandputsflowersiniteveryday.He

providessnacksandtellstravelerswheretheycangoandshower.

ButAirbnbdoeshavesome15.Sometimesyouenduplivingwithastrangeroritisnot

as16asitlookedlikeonline.17,hostssometimesgetmadwhentheygethomeandit'sa

complete18.

InChina,Airbnboperatesinfive19includingBeijingandShanghai.Thecountryhas

seenamajor20inAirbnbusersinthepastyear.

［语篇导读J本文介绍了爱彼迎这一个民宿出租网站的相关信息，包括其运营方式以及存

在的问题等。

1.A.officeB.camp

C.homeD.garden

解析：C［根据第三段中的rentouttheir4roomsorapartments可推断出，此处指陌生

人的家里，故选C项。第一段意为：旅行时，你可能会住在酒店或亲戚的家里，但你有没

有想过住在一个陌生人的家里？］

2.A.greatB.amazing

C.dangerousD.strange

解析：D［great意为“伟大的"；amazing意为“惊人的“；dangerous意为“危险的”；

strange意为“奇怪的”。根据语境可知，住在陌生人的家里听起来可能有点奇怪，故选D

项。］

3.A.travelB.play

C.walkD.live

解析：A［根据本文首句uWhiletraveling,youmighthavestayedatahotelorafamily

member'shouse.可知，A项符合语境，句意为：像爱彼迎这样的借宿出租公司正帮助人们

寻找便宜的旅行方式。］

4.A.newB.private

C.spareD.separate

解析：C［new意为“新的"；private意为“私人的；个人的“。spare意为“闲置的”；

separate意为“单独的；分开的"。根据语境可知，闲置的房子可以出租给游客住宿，故C

项符合语境。］

5.A.shopsB.hotels

C.restaurantsD.homes

解析：B［根据上文可知，人们把多余的房间或公寓出租给旅客，这替代了酒店的功能，

故选B项。］

6.A.sharingB.different

C.freshD.commercial

解析：A［sharing意为“共享的"；different意为“不同的"；fresh意为“新鲜的”；

commercial意为“商业的“。根据后文的“ThroughtheInternet,peopleshare7such

ascars,”可知，爱彼迎是共享经济的一个很好的例子，故选A项。］

7.A.objectsB.rooms

C.resourcesD.experiences

解析：C［根据suchascars,apartments可推断出，此处指的是资源。object意为“物体”；

room意为"房间"；resource意为"资源"；experience意为“经历"。故选C项。句意为

“通过网络，人们共享他们的资源，如汽车、公寓，甚至是专业技能。”］

8.A.stillB.yet

C.alwaysD.even

解析：D［句意见上题解析。根据语境可知，人们可以通过网络共享汽车，公寓和专业

技能，汽车和公寓是具体的，专业技能是抽象的，故此处表示递进。slill意为“仍然”：yet

意为“但是“；always意为“总是”；even意为“甚至”。故选D项。］

9.A.HostsB.Travelers

C.GuestsD.Sellers

解析：A［host意为“主人"；traveler意为"游客"；guest意为"客人"；seller意为“卖

方“。根据常识可知，在网站上发布房子的位置、价格、描述和图片的应是房屋的主人。故

A项符合语境。］

10.A.companyB.website

C.hotelD.agent

解析：B［company意为“公司"；website意为“网站"；hotel意为"酒店"；agent

意为“代理人"o根据第三段第二句"Thiswebsiteallowspeopletorentouttheir...”可知，游客

应该去网站找到他们最喜欢的地方，故选B项。］

11.A.showB.post

C.putD.deliver

解析：B［show意为"展示"；post意为“发布“；put意为“放置”；deliver意为“递

送”。根据前文和常识可知，主人在网站上发布出租房屋的信息，游客住完以后应该也是在

网站上给出评价，以让大家知道一个地方是否是好住处，故选B项。］

12.A.expertiseB.carseats

C.apartmentD.taxi

解析：D［expertise意为"专业技能"；carseat意为“车座”；apartment意为“公寓”；

taxi意为“出租车”。根据下文的“Thisisno13car「可知.出租的是一辆汽车，故选D

项。］

13.A.ordinaryB.comfortable

C.terribleD.special

解析:A|ordinary意为“普通的"；comfortable意为“舒适的"；terrible意为“糟糕的”；

special意为“特殊的"。根据下文的“Powleytookoutthecarseatsandchangedthe14to

makeitlookmorewelcoming.Hekeepsitcleanandputsflowersiniteveryday.”可次口，车内被改

造过，不是平常的车，故选A项。］

14.A.outsideB.inside

C.sizeD.shape

解析：B［根据语境可知，出租车主人拿出了座椅，所以应该是改变了车内的样子，故选

B项。］

15.A.regulationsB-reasons

C.problemsD.advantages

解析：C［regulation意为“规则：管理“：reason意为"理由"；problem意为"问题"；

advantage意为“优势”。根据后文的hostssometimesgetmadwhentheygethome可知，有

时候会出现不愉快的情况，所以爱彼迎也存在一些问题，故选C项。］

16.A.niceB.cheap

C.badD.real

解析：A［根据hostssometimesgetmad可知，此处在介绍爱彼迎存在的问题，所以有时

和陌生人住在一起并不像网上看起来那么好。故