贵州省贵阳市区青岩贵璜中学2022-2023学年高三英语下学期期末试题含解析

贵州省贵阳市区青岩贵璜中学2022-2023学年高三英语下学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.–Hurryup！Can'tyoudrivefaster,Jack? ---No.IfIgot_____speedingticket,mydadwouldtakeawaymycar.A.other B.theother C.eachother D.another参考答案：D2.Theaccidentwhichleft15peopleonboarddead

ifboththeangryfemalepassengerandthebusdriverhadkeptcalm.A.shouldhaveavoided B.shouldbeavoidedC.couldhaveavoided D.couldhavebeenavoided参考答案：D【详解】考查情态动词+完成式。句意：如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静，这起导致15人死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。couldhavedone“本来能做而没有做”，且句子主语Theaccident和谓语动词avoid之间是被动关系，结合句意可知答案为D。【点睛】情态动词+havedone结构：1.“must+have+过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如：Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.2.“can/could+have+过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如：Hecan'thavefinishedtheworksosoon.3.“may/might+have+过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如：Theymaynothaveknownitbeforehand.4.“need+have+过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如：Ineedn'thaveboughtsomuchwine—onlyfivepeoplecame.5.“should/oughtto+have+过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,oughtto的语气比should强一些.如：Yououghtto/shouldhavestudiedharder.你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有）Heoughtn'tto/shouldn'thavedonethat.他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了）6.“would＋have＋过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或oughtto那样含有责备之意.如：Iguessthepoetwouldhavebeenabouttwentywhenshewroteherfirstpoem.Anotherworkerwouldn'thaveactedlikethat.3.—Wereyoushockedbythenewsinthenewspaper?—No,I____itonTV,soIalreadyknewit．A．amwatching

B．havewatchedC．hadwatched

D．waswatching参考答案：C4.—HowcanIwakeupsoearly?—Setthealarmat5:00am.,

youwillmakeit.A.and

B.but

C.or

D.so参考答案：A试题分析：考查固定句型。句意：我怎么能醒那么早呢？定五点的铃，就行了。Setthealarmat5:00am.________youwillmakeit.是祈使句+and/or+一般将来时态的句子。And表顺承关系，or表转折关系，句子是表顺承关系，所以选A5.Though_________toseeus,hegaveusawarmwelcome.A.surprise

B.tobesurprised

C.surprising

D.surprised参考答案：D6.Thechildrenfound

afunthingtoplayinthepark.A.this B.it C.that D.不填参考答案：B7.Jerrydidnotregretgivingthecommentbutfelt______hecouldhaveexpresseditdifferently.A.why

B.how

C.that

D.whether参考答案：C8.Theinjuredman_______tohospitalbyadriveryesterday.

A.takes

B.took

C.istaken

D.wastaken参考答案：D9.OnlywhenIleftmyparentsforItaly

howmuchIlovedthem.

A.Irealized

B.Ihadrealized

C.hadIrealized

D.didIrealize参考答案：D解析：考查倒装句的用法。only+状语放在句首，要用倒装。10.Youcanonlybesureof______youhaveatpresent;youcannotbesureofsomethingyoumightgetinthefuture.A.that

B.which

C.what

D.where参考答案：C11.Ithoughtyou____likesomethingtoread,soIhavebroughtyousomebooks.

A.may

B.might

Ccould

D.must参考答案：B12.Advertisingcaninfluenceconsumers'moods，_______________inturn，caninfluenceconsumers’reactionstoproducts．A．that

B．which

C．where

D．when参考答案：B13.---

Ibringyouyourcoffeenowor

youratherhaveitwithyourlunch?---I’dlikeitnow，sweetheart．A．Shall，would

B．Will，should

C．Should，would

D．Shall，will参考答案：A14.Myseven-year-olddaughterhasagreatinterestinmusicand_______Pianoclassestwiceaweekoverthelastthreeyears.A.took B.istaking C.hadtaken D.hasbeentaking参考答案：D15.Howcloseparentsaretotheirchildren____aninfluenceonthecharacterofthechild．

A．have

B．has

C．having

D．tohave参考答案：B略16.Sallylikesgoingtoschool______shehasgotmanygoodfriendsthere.A.or

B.because

C.unless

D.so参考答案：B

试题分析：考查连词。A.or否则；B.because因为；C.unless除非；D.so因此；句意：萨利喜欢去学校因为在那有许多的朋友，两个句子是因果关系，故选B项。二、完型填空17.WalkingaloneonaremotebeachinsouthwestFlorida,Iwassurprisedtohearsplashescomingfromthewater.AsIwalkedinthe___21___ofthesounds,Isawamanatee（海牛）showitsheadoutofthewater,___22___agreatsnuffing（带鼻音的）breath.Itseemedthatitwasin___23___andtryingtogetoutofit.I’dneverseena___24___likethisbefore.Iwantedto___25___,buttherewasnooneelseonthebeach.SoIwentintotheshallowwaterandwenttowardtheanimal.Icame___26___enoughtomakeoutthemanatee.Then,asecondmanatee,muchsmaller,appearedbesideit.___27___,themanateeswerealsomovingtowardme.SoonIwas___28___byseveralmanatees.Icouldclearlyseethelargermanatee___29___thelittleoneupwithherflipper（鳍状肢）andpushedittothe___30___besideme.Asthetwowentunderwater,twoothermanateesmovedupfrombehind,oneoneitherside,___31___gentlyagainstmybodyastheyswampast.Theycircledand___32___theaction,thistime___33___bythemotherandherbaby,Iheldmyhandouttouchingtheirbackastheypassedme.Sincetheyobviouslyenjoyedtouchingme,Ibegan___34___eachofthemastheyswamby.Istoodthereenjoyingthescene,___35___tomove,untilfinallytherisingtideforcedmebacktotheshore.LaterIknewexactlywhattookplacethatmorning.Themanatees___36___meintheircelebrationofabirthandIwaswelcometomeetthe___37___memberoftheirfamily.Duringthatunexpectedscene,Ifeltmoreinvolvedintherhythmsof___38___onourearththanever.Eachyear,Ihead

forthat___39___foraquietlittlebirthdaypicnicontheshore.Afterall,youneverknowwhomight___40___upforyourparty.21.A.direction

B.condition

C.middle

D.side22.A.making

B.puttingout

C.comingout

D.lettingout23.A.force

B.trouble

C.loss

D.action24.A.look

B.feel

C.sight

D.smell25.A.leave

B.see

C.find

D.help26.A.close

B.soon

C.quick

D.straight27.A.Luckily

B.Personally

C.Unexpectedly

D.Sadly28.A.watched

B.surrounded

C.attacked

D.separated29.A.turn

B.eat

C.throw

D.hold30.A.field

B.surface

C.pool

D.bank31.A.rubbing

B.preventing

C.surfing

D.comforting32.A.practised

B.changed

C.repeated

D.showed33.A.seen

B.followed

C.taught

D.ordered34.A.moving

B.hitting

C.catching

D.touching35.A.unwilling

B.ready

C.unable

D.afraid36.A.invited

B.protected

C.included

D.fought37.A.best

B.oldest

C.toughest

D.newest38.A.life

B.music

C.world

D.development39.A.boat

B.hill

C.beach

D.scene40.A.build

B.show

C.look

D.step参考答案：21.A

22.D

23.B

24.C

25.D

26.A

27.C

28.B

29.D

30.B

31.A

32.C

33.B

34.D

35.A

36.C

37.D

38.A

39.C

40.B作者在海岸上无意中邂逅了海牛，那些海牛邀请作者一起参加了一个新生命的庆祝仪式。随着时间的流逝，这也成了作者珍藏的记忆。21.考查名词。direction方向；condition状况；middle中间；side侧面。我朝着发出响声的方向走去。inthedirectionof朝着……方向。故选A。22.考查动词短语。makeout理解，辨认出；putout扑灭；comeout出来；letout发出，泄露。海牛发出带着鼻音的呼吸。故选D。23.考查名词。force力量，武力；trouble麻烦；loss损失；action行动。根据下文的tryingtogetoutofit可知，它是遇上了麻烦，故选B。24.考查名词。look样子，面容；feel感觉；sight景象；smell嗅觉。我以前从未见过这样的景象。故选C。25.考查动词。leave离开；see看见；find找到；help帮助。我想要帮助，但是海岸上没有别人。故选D。26.考查形容词。close靠近的；soon快，不久；quick迅速的；straight直接的。我离得足够近以至于能够辨认出海牛。故选A。27.考查副词。luckily幸运地；personally亲自地；unexpectedly出乎意料地；sadly难过地。出乎意料地，这些海牛都朝我靠近。故选C。28.考查动词。watch观察；surround包围；attack攻击；separate分开。很快我被几只海牛包围。故选B。29.考查动词。turn转身；eat吃；throw扔；hold举起。我能够看到这只大些的海牛用它的鳍状肢把那只小海牛举起来。故选D。30.考查名词。field领域；surface表面，海面；pool池塘；bank银行，岸边。大海牛把小海牛推向我旁边的海面。故选B。31.考查动词。rub擦，摩擦；prevent阻止；surf冲浪；comfort安慰。根据下文的againstmybody可知，是轻轻地擦过我的身体，故选A。32.考查动词。practice练习；change改变；repeat重复；show显示。他们转着圈重复着这个动作。故选C。33.考查动词。see看见；follow跟随；teach教；order命令。这次后面跟着妈妈和宝宝。故选B。34.考查动词。move移动；hit打击；catch赶上，抓住；touch接触，触摸。根据上文的enjoytouchingme可知，海牛喜欢我的触摸，所以我开始触摸它们。故选D。35.考查形容词。unwilling不情愿的；ready准备的；unable不能的；afraid害怕的。我站在那里享受着这个场面，不愿意离开。故选A。36.考查动词。invite邀请；protect保护；include包括；fight打架，战斗。这些海牛把我包括在它们对新生命的庆祝中。故选C。37.考查形容词。best是good的最高级，意为“最好的”；oldest最老的；toughest最艰苦的，困难的；newest最新的。它们欢迎我见一见它们最新的成员。故选D。38.考查名词。life生命；music音乐；world世界；development发展。在那次意外的邂逅中，我感受到在这个巨大的星球上，生命之间的一种极致的和谐。故选A。39.考查名词。boat小船；hill小山；beach沙滩，海滩；scene场景。每年我都去那个沙滩举行小的生日野餐，故选C。40.考查动词。build建立；show显示；look看；step踩，踏。showup出现。你永远不知道谁会出现在你的宴会上。故选B。三、阅读理解18.

Australianscientistsaretryingtogivekangaroo-stylestomachstocattleandsleepinordertocutthegreenhousegasestheysendout,whichisthoughttoberesponsibleforglobalwarming.

Thankstospecialbacteriaintheirstomachs,kangarooflatulence(胃肠气胀)containsnomethane(甲烷)andscientistswanttotransferthatbacteriatocattleandsheepwhoproducelargequantitiesoftheharmfulgas.

Whiletheusualimageofgreenhousegaspollutionisabillowingsmokestack(烟囱)pushingoutcarbondioxide,farmanimals'passingwindcontributeasurprisinglyhighpercentageoftotalemissionsinsomecountries.

"FourteenpercentofemissionsfromallsourcesinAustraliaisfromentericmethanefromcattleandsheep,"saidAtholKlieve,aseniorresearchscientistwiththeQueenslandstategovernment.

"AndifyoulookatanothercountrysuchasNewZealand,whichhasgotamuchhigheragriculturalbase,they'reactuallyuparound50percent,"hesaid.

Researcherssaythebacteriaalsomakesthedigestiveprocessmuchmoreefficientandcouldpotentiallysavemillionsofdollarsinfeedcostsforfarmers.

Butitwilltakeresearchersatleastthreeyearstoisolatethebacteria,beforetheycanevenstarttodevelopawayoftransferringittocattleandsheep.

Anothergroupofscientists,meanwhile,hassuggestedAustraliansshouldfarmfewercattleandsheepandjusteatmorekangaroos.Andabout20percentofhealth-consciousAustraliansarebelievedtoeatthenationalsymbolalready.

"It'slowinfat,it'sgothighproteinlevelsandit'sverycleaninthesensethatbasicallyit'sthefree-rangeanimal,"saidPeterAmptoftheUniversityofNewSouthWales'sinstituteofenvironmentalstudies.68.Scientistsintendtoputbacteriaintocattleandsheep________.

A.topreventthemfromsendingoutharmfulgases

B.tohelpAustralianfarmerstoearnmoremoney

C.sothattheycanprotectAustralianecosystem

D.sothattheycanmakefulluseofspecialbacteria69.AtholKlieveseemstobelievethat________.

A.cattleandsheepproducemorecarbondioxide

B.lesscattleandsheepareraisedinNewZealand

C.farmanimalsaretoblameforgreenhousegases

D.NewZealandhasthemostanimalsintheworld70.Themainideaofthetextisto_____.

A.discussabetterwaytoprotecttheeach

B.warnfarmersofthedangerofanimalwaste

C.illustratethepossiblesolutionstopollution

D.presentarecentstudyonglobalwarming71.WhichisNOToneoftheadvantagesthatPeterAmptlistsaboutkangaroos?

A.itisrichinprotein

B.itislowinfat

C.itischeaperthanbeef

D.itiscleanerthansheep参考答案：68—71ACDC略19.Ifyoucouldhaveasuperpower,whatwoulditbe?Otherthanflyingandcommunicatingwithsomeonefromhismind(which,let’sbehonest,wouldprobablyactuallybeawful),breathingunderwaterisoneofthefavorites.YoucanhangoutwithAquamanandUrsula,andwhentheendoftheworldcomesandwe’realllivingunderwater,you’llbefine.

Withthisinmind,astudentattheRoyalCollegeofArt,Londonhasdesigneda3D-printedamphibiousgarmentcalledAMPHIBIO—essentiallyasetofgills(鳃)—forthisverypurpose.AccordingtoJunKamei,abiomimicrydesignerandmaterialsscientist,itis"forafuturewherehumankindlivesinthewater".

Withtheworldsetforaglobaltemperatureincreaseof3.2°C(5.7°F)by2100,risingsealevelsareaveryrealthreattolargecoastalcities,potentiallyaffectingupto2billionpeople—or26percentofthecurrentglobalpopulation.

Kamei’slittledeviceusesaspeciallydesignedporous(多孔的)materialthatfillsoxygenagaininthewaterandreleasescarbondioxide.Itisinspiredbywater-divinginsectsthatcreatetheirownlittlescubadivingsetbycreatingaprotectivebubbleofairaroundtheirbodythankstotheirwaterrepellent(防水的)skin.

Thetechnologyiseasily3D-printabletoo,whichwillbegreatwhenweneedthemtogether.These"gills"couldreplaceheavyandclumsyscubaequipment,makingitmoresimilartofreedivingbutforlonger.Thiscouldhaveimmediateapplicationsforunderwaterrescueplans—the12boysrescuedbydiversfromafloodedcavein

Thailand,forexample,whereittookweekstoworkouthowtogettheboysandthevitalbreathingequipmentthroughthosenarrowtunnels.

Sofar,thetechhasonlybeentestedasaworkingprototype,notactuallyonhumans,sothedreammayhavetobeonholdfornow.AndscalingupandtestingonhumansisKamei’snextplan.Thismaysoundunbelievable,butKameiinsistshehasamuchmoreoptimisticvisionofthefuture.1.WhatcanbeinferredaboutAquamanandUrsula?

A.Theycanreadminds.

B.Theycanbreatheunderwater.

C.Theyoftencausehugedisasters.

D.Theycan’tliveunderwater.

2.WhatcanwelearnaboutAMPHIBIO?

A.Itcanproduceoxygeninthewater.

B.Itsusercancommunicatewithothersfromtheirmind.

C.Itistheuniqueusefultoolagainstthethreatofrisingsealevels.

D.Thedesignerdrewhisinspirationfromnature’shiddendesign.

3.WhydidtheauthormentionedtherescueoftheboysinThailand?

A.Topresentthesuccessofthenewdevice.

B.Tocomparethenewdevicewiththeoldone.

C.Toprovetheadvantageofthenewdevice.

D.Toshowthenewdeviceiseasily3D-printable.

4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothe