英语句子成分(经典)

英语句子成分2021/5/91１.Thiskindofskirtisvery_________(fashion).2.Hissuggestionsare_________(reason).3.Itis________(obviously)thathewonthematch.4.That‘sreallya_________(science)method(方法)．5.therearetoomany________(art)scenesinthepark.6.Weshoulddosomethingtostopthe_________(globe)warming.fashionablereasonableobviousscientificartificialglobal2021/5/921.Withthe___________(develop)ofthescience,weimproveourlivingconditionsgreatly.2.European________(settle)beganin1840whentheBritisharrived.3.Haveyoumadean___________(arrange)aboutyourtrip?4.Couldyougivemesome_________(suggest)onourplan?5.Acinemaisapublicplaceof________(entertain).developmentsettlementarrangementsuggestionsentertainment2021/5/93Aftersunset,theskydarkened________(rapid)________(fortunate),theyescapedfromthebigfire._________(general)speaking,peopleinSouthChinaliveonrice.Hisdaughteris_______(serious)ill,sohehastoaskforleave.Thecarwhichwasoutofcontrol_________(violent)hitthebigtree.Thetyphoonis________(extreme)strong.rapidlyFortunatelyGenerallyseriouslyviolentlyextremely2021/5/94句子成分定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分：主语和谓语次要成分：表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语2021/5/951.

I

met

mybest

friend

Tom

atthestationyesterday.↓主语↓谓语↓定语↓宾语↓同位语↓状语↓地点↓时间2021/5/96句子成分定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分：主语和谓语次要成分：表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语2021/5/97Elementsofasentence:S---subjectV---verbP---predicativeO---objectAttri.---attributeAdv.---adverbOc---objectcomplement

主·谓·表宾补定·状·宾2021/5/98

㈠主语（subject）

是一个句子所叙述的主体，说明动作是“谁，什么”发出的，一般位于句首。Janeisgoodatplayingthepiano.Shewentoutinahurry.Fourplusfouriseight.Toseeistobelieve.Smokingisbadforhealth.Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.Whathehassaidistrue.（名词）（代词）（数词）（不定式）（动名词）（名词化的形容词）（句子）2021/5/99找出句中主语Thesunrisesintheeast.

Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.

Thepoorarenowlivingintheshelter.Seeingisbelieving.

Toseeistobelieve.

Helikesdancing.

Whatheneedsisabook.Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.（名词）

（代词）（数词）（动名词）

（不定式）（句子）(名词化的形容词）（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）2021/5/910㈡谓语（verb）

是对主语加以陈述，说明主语的动作、状态和特征，一般由V.充当,放在主语之后（英语句子的灵魂）(1)由单一动词V.做谓语WeareChinese.Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill?(2)情态V+V原HecanspeakEnglishwell.(3)助V+VSheistalkingwithhersister.Ihaveseen

thismanbefore.2021/5/911Showyourpassport,please.Shedidn'tsayanything.Howmanydoyouwant?-Iwanttwo.Theysenttheinjuredtohospital.Theyaskedtoseemypassport.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?Isucceededinpassingtheexam.（名词）

(

代词）(数词)(名词化的形容词)(三)宾语（object）

（不定式）（动名词）（句子）动作的对象或承受者，一般位于vt.和prep.之后2021/5/912宾语分为直接宾语(directobject)

和间接宾语(indirectobject).直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人.Hegaveme

somebooks.↓间接宾语（承受者）↓直接宾语（对象）●Pleasepassme

thebook.●Heboughthisgirlfriend

someflowers.2021/5/913Ifoundthebookinteresting.Imakemystudentsintertestedinmyclass.Sheaskedmetolendherahand.Wemadehimmonitorinourclass.Wefoundhimintroublenow.Wefounditnecessary

tostudyEnglish.（六）宾语补足语

有些及物动词除了有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，说明宾语的身份和状态以补充其意义不足，使句子的意义完整。这类常用的及物动词有：make,ask,see,find,call,get,have,let,tell,help,keep（It形式宾语，todo是真正宾语）2021/5/914（四）表语(predicative)在系动词后的部分就是表语,用以说明主语的身份，特征和状态。Thespeechisexciting.

Theyseemtoknowthetruth.Timeisprecious.I’mtiredtoday.Thatremainsapuzzle.Idon’tfeelatease.That’swhyhecamehere.2021/5/915（四）表语(predicative)在系动词后的部分就是表语,用以说明主语的身份，特征和状态。Thespeechisexciting.

Theyseemtoknowthetruth.Timeisprecious.I’mtiredtoday.Thatremainsapuzzle.Idon’tfeelatease.That’swhyhecamehere.(形容词)(现在分词)（不定式）(过去分词)(名词)(介短)(从句)2021/5/916（五）定语（adjective）

修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从句

单个的定语一般放在所修饰词前–前置定语

短语，句子一般放在所修饰词前–后置定语Heisacleverboy.Hisfatherworksinasteelwork.Thereare54studentsinourclass.DoyouknowBetty’ssister?Heboughtsomesleepingpills.Thereisasleepingbabyinbed.Hisspokenlanguageisgood.(形容词)(名词)(数词)(名词的所有格)(动名词)(现在分词)(过去分词)2021/5/917定语后置：如果定语是由一个单词表示时，通常要前置。而由一个词组或一个句子表示时，通常则后置Thegirlinredishissister.Wehavealotofworktodo.Thegirlstandingunderthetreeishisdaughter.Doyouknowthemanwhospokejust

now?2021/5/918用以修饰adj./v./adv.及全句,位置灵活。修饰adj./adv.时，通常位于被修饰的词之前；表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头，强调时放在句首，一些表示不确定时间（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，动词之前。说明动作于“何时,何地,如何”发生,或者说明“adj./adv.”的程度。状语分为：地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、让步、条件、程度、方式和伴随等状语。（六）状语（adverbial）Thisbookisveryinteresting.Irunfast/quickly.Theyareplayingontheplaygroundateight.IJohnoftencametochatwithme．Hisparentsdied,leavinghimanorphan.(副词)(介短)（不定式）（V-ing短语）(副词)2021/5/919Pleasecallmeifitisnecessary.Suddenly,Iheardthebirdsingasong.Youprobablyknowmorethanyouthink.（从句）（副词）（副词）2021/5/920

(七)挑出下列句中的状语①Therewasabigsmileonherface.②Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.③HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.④Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.⑤Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.2021/5/921⑥Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.

⑦Iamafraidthatifyou'velostit,youmustpayforit.

⑧ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachine.

2021/5/922同位语对n.或pron.进行补充说明或进一步解释说明

Weyoungpeopleshouldrespecttheold.Hehimselfwilldotheexperiment.Hetoldmethenewsthatourteamwonthe

game.名词代词从句2021/5/923系动词1）状态系动词（be动词）例如：

Heisateacher.2）持续系动词keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,stand

例如：

Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting.他开会时总保持沉默。3）表像系动词

seem,appear,look,

例如：

Helookstired.他看起来很累。2021/5/9244）感官系动词feel,smell,sound,taste,look

例如：Thiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.注意：系动词(除be外)不用于被动语态.5）变化系动词become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run.

例如：

Hebecamemadafterthat.

6）终止系动词prove,turnout,表达“证实”，“变成”之意例如：

Therumorprovedfalse.

2021/5/925句子成分定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分：主语和谓语次要成分：表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语2021/5/926Elementsofasentence:S---subjectV---verbP---predicativeO---objectAttri.---attributeAdv.---adverbialOc---objectcomplement

主·谓·表宾补定·状·宾2021/5/927简单句简单句（即只有一个主谓结构），它是最小的句子单位。按照句子的用途可以分为四种。作一种陈述（陈述句）Theboyhitthedog./Thedogbittheboy.提出一个问题(一般/特殊/选择/反义疑问句)Doestheshopcloseat7tonight?发出一种命令或请求（祈使句）Shut/Open

thedoor.表示一种感叹（感叹句）Whataslowtrainthisis!（句子用途）2021/5/928

句子结构分类

简单句

SimpleSentences

含有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）的句子

并列句

CompoundSentences

包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子且句子之间有并列连词and/but/or/so等或用分号连接

复合句

ComplexSentences

包含一个主句和一个从句或一个主句和多个从句的句子，且从句用从属连词that/what/when/if等引导2021/5/929句子类型简单句并列句复合句2021/5/930

句子结构分类

简单句

SimpleSentences

含有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）的句子

并列句

CompoundSentences

包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子且句子之间有并列连词and/but/or/so等或用分号连接

复合句

ComplexSentences

包含一个主句和一个从句或一个主句和多个从句的句子，且从句用从属连词that/what/when/if等引导2021/5/931简单句的基本句型1.主语+系动词+表语2.主语+不及物动词3.主语+及物动词+宾语4.主语+及物动词+间接宾语

+直接宾语5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语

补足语Summary2021/5/932复习简单句：对下列句子的成份进行划分2021/5/933Nobodywent.Shebecameadoctor.Thecarcaughtfire.Iwillwriteyoualongletter.Iwilllethimgo.

Practice‹

›主+谓主+谓+表主+谓+宾主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语主+谓+宾+宾补2021/5/934Ⅰ.简单句1.Thingschanged.2.Treesaregreen.3.Wedon’tbeatchildren.4.Hegavehissisterthepiano.5.Ifoundthebookeasy.

主+谓主+谓+表主+谓+宾主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语‹›主+谓+宾+宾补2021/5/935Exercises:分析句子结构1）Youareastudent.2）Hefelthappytoday.3）Whatyousaidmademehappy.4）YoucouldgivemesomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglishwell?5）Wefoundamanlyingontheground.6）Itismydutytolookafterthesechildren.7）Youhadbetterkeepthewindowopen.2021/5/9368）Helikespopmusic.9）Thesoundsoundsstrange.10）Thefoodtastesgood.11）HehasbeenlearningEnglishforyears.

12）Wethinkitapitythatshedidn’tcomehere.13）2021/5/9371.HelearnsGerman.

2.BothTomandJackenjoycountrymusic.3.Wesanganddancedyesterdayevening.4.MybrotherandIgotoschoolathalfpastseveninthemorningandcomebackhomeatfiveintheafternoon.（一个主语和并列谓语）（并列主语和并列谓语）（并列主语和一个谓语）（一个主语和一个谓语）2021/5/938并列句常用并列连词

coordinatingconjunctions平行并列连词:转折并列连词：因果并列连词:

选择并列连词:and,both…and,notonly…butalso,neither…nor,andthenbut,however,while,yetfor,soor,either…or2021/5/939Ⅱ.并列句Thisismeandthesearemyfriends.Theymuststayinwater,ortheywilldie.It’snotcheap,butitisverygood.Itwaslate,soIwenttobed.

andorbutsoHeknockedatthedoor;therewasnoanswer.You’realive!Andshe’sdead.2021/5/940复合句与简单句：复合句=简单句+从属连词+简单句Hetoldme

thenews.that

thematchhadbeencancelled.宾语that

Ipassedtheexam.whatheneeds.when

hewasleavingforParis.thathisfatherwasworkinginthatschool.宾语从句2021/5/941复合句与简单句：复合句=简单句+从属连词+简单句Idon’tknowhim.Hehasfinishedhisworkthathehasfinishedhiswork.whetherhehasfinishedhiswork.宾语从句HeisleavingforWashington.thatheisleavingforWashington.whenheisleavingforWashington.whyheisleavingforWashington.howheisleavingforWashington.whetherheisleavingforWashington.2021/5/942宾语从句*Iunderstandthatheiswellqualified.*Hesaidthathedidn’tlikeher.Idon’tknowifyoucanhelpme.Theywanttoknowwhereyouaregoing.Thestudentshasdecidedwhentheyholdthemeeting.2021/5/943复合句与简单句：复合句=简单句+从属连词+简单句thepeople

surprisedThatWhathesaidWhathedid主语Thathedidn’tknowtheanswerintheroom.定语whoweresittingintheroom.whowerepresent.whosesonswereatwar.whohadsignedthecontract.2021/5/9441)主语从句*Whathesaidisnotknown.*Thatweshallbelateiscertain.*Itiscertainthatweshallbelate.*Howstrangeitisthatthechildrenaresoquiet!

2021/5/9452)定语从句Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Hesaidheknewtheboywhowassittingbythewindow.Thepicturewhichisonthewallisdrawnbymyfather.2021/5/946复合句与简单句：复合句=简单句+从属连词+简单句That

isthefact.表语what

heneeds.whathegaveme.why

hewaslate.because

hewasill.what

hashappened.2021/5/9472）表语从句*Thatiswhathewantstobuy.

*Theproblemiswhocanreplaceher.*Thereasonisthathehasliedtomeseveraltimes.2021/5/948复合句与简单句：复合句=简单句+从属连词+简单句Heworked

inthatfactorythreeyearsago.地点状语时间状语wherehisfatherworkedinthatfactorywhereIlivedwhenhelivedthereHisfatherworkedthere.Ilivedthere.Helivedtherethreeyearsago.2021/5/949复合句与简单句：复合句=简单句+从属连词+简单句Putthebook

onthedesk.whereyoutookit.whereitwas.地点状语where

youfoundit.Youcan’tcamphere.wheretherearealotoftrees.whereveryoulike.2021/5/950指出下列各从句的类型Ibelievethateverythingisgoingonwell.ShewasreadinganovelwhenIcamein.Sheisthegirlwhosingsbestinmyclass.宾语从句状语从句定语从句Practice2021/5/951用所给连词连接句子。Hehasfoundout.Shewaslate.(why)Hehasfoundoutwhyshewaslate.Istillremembertheday.IfirstwenttoYorkonthatday.(when)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstwenttoYork.将各组句子连接为一个含有状语从句的复合句。PracticeHedidn’tcomeyesterday.Hewasill.(原因)Hedidn’tcomeyesterdaybecausehewasill.2021/5/952I’llgivethelettertohim.Iseehim.（时间）Itissuchabigbox.Nobodycanmoveit.（结果）We’llgotothegreatwall.It’sfinetomorrow.(条件)Weshouldnotgothereallthetime.Theplaceisquitepleasant.(让步）Itissuchabigboxthatnobodycanmoveit.We’llgotothegreatwallifit’sfinetomorrow.Althoughtheplaceisquitepleasant,weshouldnotgothereallthetime.I’llgivethelettertohimwhenIseehim.I’llgivethelettertohimassoonasIseehim.I’llgivethelettertohimthemomentIseehim.2021/5/953状语从句分为八类：时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件、让步、方式、1)时间状语从句Waituntilyouarecalled.Whenspringcame,leavesturnedgreen.常用的关联词有：as,after,before,since,till/until,when,while,assoonas,whenever等2021/5/9542)条件状语从句Ifitsnowstomorrow,wewillbuildasnowman.常用的关联词有：if,unless,aslongas,onconditionthat…常用的关联词有：though,although,evenif,eventhough,3)让步状语从句ThoughI’mfondofmusic,Ican’tplayanyinstrument.Solongasyouneedme,I’llstay.2021/5/9554)结果状语从句Shewassohappythatshedidn’tknowwhattosay.Heissuchanhonestboythatwealllikehim.常用的关联词有：so…that,such…that,5)目的状语从句Comeearlyinorderthat/sothatyoumayseehim.常用的关联词有：sothat,inorderthatincaseTakeyourraincoatincaseitrains.2021/5/9566)地点状语从句Putitwhereyoufoundit.Sitdownwhereveryoulike.常用的关联词有：where,wherever,anywhere7)原因状语从句AsIdidn’tknowtheway,Iaskedapoliceman常用的关联词有：because,as,since2021/5/957常用的关联词有：as,asif,asthough,how8)方式状语从句Hedidjustasyoutoldhim.2021/5/958指出下列各从句的类型Ibelievethateverythingisgoingonwell.ShewasreadinganovelwhenIcamein.Sheisthegirlwhosingsbestinmyclass.宾语从句状语从句定语从句Practice2021/5/959Hehasfoundoutwhyshewaslate.IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstwenttoYork.Hedidn’tcomeyesterdaybecausehewasill.宾语从句状语从句定语从句2021/5/9601.Thereasonwhyhewasdismissedisthathedidn’tworkhard.2.Idoubtwhetherhewillsucceed.Idon’tknowifyoucanhelpme.3.Thattheearthisroundiswell-known.4.Theybelievedthattheywouldwinthegame.5.Whenwewereatschool,wewenttothelibraryeveryday.6.DoyouknowthewomanwhoistalkingtoMrGreen?划出从句，并判断从句的种类。(定语从句）（表语从句）（宾语从句）（宾语从句）（主语从句）（宾语从句）（状语从句）(定语从句）2021/5/9617.Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus.8.WewillgowherethePartydirectsus.9.ThenewsthatJimtoldusistrue.10.Healwaysthinksofhowhecanworkbetter.11.Youwillcertainlysucceedsolongasyoukeepontrying.12.Thephotographswillshowyouwhatourvillagelookslike.13.Itisbecausethetobaccocompanieswanttoremaininbusiness.（宾语从句）（状语从句）(定语从句）（宾语从句）（状语从句）（宾语从句）（表语从句）2021/5/962有关“跨文化”话题假设你叫李华，你的外国朋友John想了解中国的春节，请根据以下提纲，给他写一封短信：

1、春节在中国人中的地位

2、春节的时间.春节前人们……

3、春节期间，人们……

参考词汇：对联couplet爆竹firecrackerDearJohn,Howtimeflies!Fourmonthshavepassedsincewesaweachotherlasttime.Icannothelpbutmissyou.YouaskedmeaboutChineseSpringFestival.NowIwouldliketotellyousomethingaboutit.________________________________________2021/5/963写出下列与春节有关的词汇春节_____________农历______________正月____________除夕______________初一_____________团圆饭_______________年夜饭____________爆竹________________饺子____________年糕________________过年_____________传统的______________张贴_____________庆祝________________聚集____________节日气氛___________________吃饭_____________看电视___________________休息_____________放松_____________________风俗习惯_____________________________LunarcalendarLunarJanuaryNewyear'sEveFirstdayFamilyreuniondinnerThedinneronNewYear'sEveFirecrackersSpringFestivalJiaoziNewYearCaketheatmosphereofthefestivalcustomsandhabitsspendthenewyeartraditionalputupcelebrategettogetherhavedinnerwatchTVhavearestrelaxed2021/5/964与要点有关的句子:春节是中国的传统节日春节在农历的第一天3. 春节是家人聚会的节日4. 春节前打扫房间,贴春联,放鞭炮，吃饺子，看电视。5. 结束语TheSpringFestivalisaChinesetraditionalfestival.TheSpringFestivalbeginsonthefirstdayofthefirstlunarmonth.ItiswhenallfamilymembersgettogetherAfewdaysbeforethefestival,housesarecleanedandredcoupletsareputuponthedoorsofeveryhousehold.2021/5/965参考文章：Howtimeflies!Fourmothshavepassedsincewesaweachotherlasttime.Icannothelpbutmissyou.YouaskedmeaboutChineseSpringFestival.NowIwouldliketotellyousomethingaboutit.TheSpringFestivalisaChinesetraditionalfestival.ItisthemostimportantfestivalfortheChinesepeopleandiswhenallfamilymembersgettogether,justlikeChristmasintheWest.TheSpringFestivalbeginsonthefirstdayofthefirstlunarmonth.Itmarksthefirstdayofanewyear.Afewdaysbeforethefestival,housesarecleanedandredcoupletsareputuponthedoorsofeveryhousehold.Theyaresaidtofrightenawaytheghosts.2021/5/966Onthatday,peoplearedressedup.Firecrackersringoutintheair,whichaddstotheatmosphereofthefestival.Peopleafterayear’shardworkbegintorelaxandvisitoneanother.Presentsanddinnersaregiventocelebratethehappyreunionoffriendsandrelatives.Familiesgettogether.TheyhavejiaoziandenjoytheNewYearTVshow.Customsmayvaryfromplacetoplace,butthesamehappyatmosphereistobefoundeverywhereinthecountry.Now,IhopeyouhavesomeideaofChineseSpringFestival.Bestwishes,2021/5/967简单句基本句型BasicSentencePatterns2021/5/968在英语中，简单句的基本结构主要有以下5种类型。1.主+谓（S+Vi）

Iwork.我工作。2021/5/9692.主+谓+宾（S+Vt.+O）

ShestudiesEnglish.她学英语。3.主+谓+表（S+V1+P）

Johnisbusy.约翰忙。2021/5/9704.主+谓+间宾+直宾（S+V+IO+DO）Mymothermademeanewdress.

我母亲给我做了一件新衣服。5.主+谓+宾+补（S+V+O+OC）Ifoundthebookinteresting.

我觉得这个书很有趣。2021/5/971注意：状语可以出现于以上任何一种简单句的结构中。2021/5/972Lookatthepicturesandthenreadthefollowingstory,payingattentiontothenumberedsentences.2021/5/973Oneday,Jimmystoodbyawindow.1)Helookedout.2)Hesawabird.3)Thebirdwasbeautiful.Thebeautifulbirdwassingingaloud.4)Suddenly,heheardthebirdbegintotalktohim.“Hi,IamJill.Whoareyou?”Jimmywasverysurprised.2021/5/974Heaskedthebird.“Areyouspeakingtome?”Thebird,Jill,said,“Yes.Iamveryhungry.5)Canyougivemesomethingtoeat?”Jimmythenputsomericeonhispalmtofeedthebird.Assoonasthebirdfinishedeatingtherice,Jimmyfoundhimselfflyingtogetherwiththebirdinthesky.Oh,whatawonderfuldream!2021/5/9751.Putthenumberedsentencesafterthecorrectsentencepatterns.1.主+谓（S+V）

Helookedout.2.主+谓+宾（S+V+O）

Hesawabird.3.主+谓+表（S+V+P）

Thebirdwasbeautiful.2021/5/9764.主+谓+间宾+直宾（S+V+IO+DO）

Canyougivemesomethingtoeat?5.主+谓+宾+补（S+V+O+OC）

Suddenly,heheardthebirdbegintotalktohim.2021/5/9772.Readthestoryagainandfindmoresentenceswhichmatchthefivebasicsentencepatterns.1.S+V

Oneday,Jimmystoodbyawindow.Thebeautifulbirdwassingingaloud.2021/5/9782.

S+V+O

Heaskedthebird.Areyouspeakingtome?Jimmythenputsomericeonhispalmtofeedthebird.Assoonasthebirdfinishedeatingtherice…2021/5/9793.S+V+P

IamJill.Whoareyou?Jimmywasverysurprised.Iamveryhungry.4.

S+V+IO+DO无。5.S+V+O+OCJimmyfoundhimselfflyingtogetherwiththebirdinthesky.2021/5/9803.Studythechartcarefully,andthencompletethefollowingsentences.Noun,_________________________canbeusedtobeasubject.___________________canbeusedtobeapredicate.Noun,____________________________nounandthe“-ing”formVerbandverbalphrasepronoun,the“-ing”form,theinfinitiveandobjectclause2021/5/981Noun,______________________________________canbeusedtobeapredicative.Noun,_____________________________________________________________canbeusedtobeanobjectcomplement.adjective,prepositionalphrase,theinfinitiveandthe“-ing”formadverb,adjectiveandprepositionalphrase2021/5/982nounadj./adv.Infinitive/V-ing/

V-ed/etc.主语谓语宾语宾语宾补表语宾语(直)宾语(间)VtV-lViNoun/Pronoun/the+adj/V-ing/Clause/InfinitiveNoun/Pronoun/the+adjV-ing/Clause/Infinitive英语句子基本成分示意图be/feel/seem/lookappear/stand/liebecome/get/grow/turngo/come/remain/keeptaste/smelletc.Noun/Pronoun/adj./adv./Infinitive/V-ing/V-ed/clauseetc.2021/5/983Followtheexampleandmarktheelementsofeachsentence.1.Iamlookingforwardtomeetingyou.2.Wefoundamanlyingontheground.SVOOOC2021/5/9843.Yourbosscalledandleftyouamessage.4.Iknowexactlywhattheywant.5.It’smydutytolookafterthesechildren.SVVIODOOS2021/5/9856.Tomaskedwhetherhecouldborrowmynewdictionary.7.Thespeakerraisedhisvoiceandfinallymadehimselfheard.8.Doyouthinkitnecessarytobuildanewcamp?OOVVOOCOCO（It形式宾语，todo是真正宾语）2021/5/986Readthefollowingpassageandmarkthesentenceelementsofthecolouredparts.Thefirstonehasbeendoneasanexample.2021/5/987ItisthelastdayofOctober().Childrenputoncostumes()somechildrendresslikepiratesorghosts.Others()trytolooklikefamouspeople.OnHalloweennight,theycarryabigsack()andsay“trickortreat”()outsidethedoorofeachhouse.Peoplegive()them()candiesorfruits().POSOVIODOO2021/5/988ThesymbolsofHalloweenarepumpkinlanterns().Theyaremadefrompumpkinshells.ThefavouritedrinkatHalloweentimeisapplejuice.Americansalsocallit()cider().Teachersoftenservethechildren()cider()inelementaryschoolonHalloweenDay.Theboysandgirls()weartheircostumestoschoolandtheteachersgiveprizes()tothestudents()withthebestcostumes.POOCIODOSDOIO2021/5/989Identifythestructuresofthefollowingsentences.Myheadaches.ShelikesEnglish.Shemakeshermotherangry．

Sheishappy．

ShegaveJohnabook．SV

SVO

SVOC

SVP

SVIODO

2021/5/990TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.你应当努力学习。他昨天回家很晚。Youshouldstudyhard.Hewenthomeverylatelastnight.2021/5/9913.昨晚我写了一封信。4.今天下午我想同你谈谈。Iwrotealetterlastnight.Iwanttohaveatalkwithyouthisafternoon.2021/5/9925.我的兄弟都是大学生。6.十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。Mybrothersareallcollegestudents.Attheageoffifteenhebecameafamouspianist.2021/5/9937.奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。8.请把那本字典递给我好吗？Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.Wouldyoupleasepassmethedictionary?2021/5/9949.他的父母给他起名为John。10.我们大家都认为他是诚实的。HisparentsnamedhimJohn.Allofusconsideredhimhonest.2021/5/995Writeatleastfivesentencestodescribethepicturebelow.S+VThestudentsarehavinganEnglishclass.2.

S+V+OAllthestudentshaveputuptheirhands.

3.S+V+P

Thestudentsareveryactive.

2021/5/9964.

S+V+IO+DOTheteacherisshowinganewspapertothestudents.

5.S+V+O+OC

Theteacherwillaskastudenttoansweraquestion.

2021/5/997简单句的基本句型1.主语+系动词+表语2.主语+不及物动词3.主语+及物动词+宾语4.主语+及物动词+间接宾语

+直接宾语5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语

补足语SummaryGrammar2021/5/998GrammarUnit22021/5/999Listentoasong:Don’tWorry,BeHappy.2021/5/9100Readthesentences.Sheworkshard.Youareananalyticlearner.Yougetsomeusefuladvice.Shebringsmeabook.Theteacherletshimstudyhard.2021/5/9101简单句：由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成。

We

areliving

ahappylife.

Sheandherdaughter

are

bothteachers.(并列主语)

They

walkedandtalkedalongtheriver.(并列谓语)2021/5/9102简单句的五种基本句型

S+VS+V+PS+V+OS+V+IO+DOS+V+O+OC2021/5/91031、主语+不及物动词：

We

work.

2、主语+系动词+表语:

He

is

a

student.

3、主语+及物动词+宾语：

Henry

bought

a

dictionary.

4、主语+及物动词+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）：

My

father

bought

me

a

car.

5、主语+及物动词+复合宾语（宾语+宾补）：

Tom

made

the

baby

laugh.

注：其他各种句子都可由这一种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。

2021/5/9104Readthesentencesandpayattentiontotheunderlinedparts.Trytofindmoretimetolearnandorganisethetime.ShelovesEnglish,buthersisterdoesn’t.Studyhard,oryouwillfailtheexam.IwanttostudyEnglish,however,it’stoodifficultforme.Eitheryouormeshouldgototheparty.2021/5/9105并列句:由并列连词（and,

but,

or等）或分号（;）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。包括两个或两个以上互不依从的主谓结构。并列句由并列连词but,yet,and,or,so,either…or,notonly…but(also),both…and,neither…nor…等连接。

Youhelphimandhehelpsyou.Hemadeapromise,buthedidn’tkeepit.Hurryup,oryou’llmissthetrain.2021/5/91061、表示连接两个同等概念，常用and,not

only…but

also…,

neither…nor…,

then等连接。The

teacher’s

name

is

Smith,

and

the

student’s

name

is

John.

2、表示选择，常用的连词有or,

either…or…,

otherwise等。Hurry

up,

or

you’ll

miss

the

train.

2021/5/91073、表示转折，常用的连词有but,

still,

however,

yet,

while,

when等。He

was

a

little

man

with

thick

glasses,

but

he

had

a

strange

way

of

making

his

classeslively

and

interesting.

4、表示因果关系，常用的连词有so,

for,

therefore等。August

is

the

time

of

the

year

for

riceharvest,

so

every

day