考点17-词义猜测之猜测句子的意思-练高考-心中有数（教师版）

考点17--词义猜测之猜测句子的意思--练高考--心中有数1.【2019·浙江卷】Moneywithnostringsattached.It’snotsomethingyouseeeveryday.ButatUnionStationinLosAngeleslastmonth,aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthatread,"GiveWhatYouCan,TakeWhatYouNeed."Peoplequicklycaughton.Andwhilemanytookdollars,manyotherspinnedtheirowncashtotheboard.“Peopleofallages,races,andsocio-economic(社会经济的)backgroundsgaveandtook,”saidTylerBridgesofTheToolbox,whichcreatedtheproject."Weevenhadabrideinherweddingdresscomeuptotheboardandtakeafewdollars."Mostofthebillsontheboardweresingles,butafewpeopleleftfives,tensandeventwenties.Thevideoclip(片段)showsonemanwhohadfounda$20billpinningittotheboard.“WhatIcansayforthefolksthatgavethemost,isthattheywerefullofsmiles,”Bridgessaid.“There’sacertainfeelingthatgivingcandoforyouandthatwasapparentinthosethatgavethemost."Mostpeoplewhotookdollarstookonlyafew,butBridgessaidaverysmallnumbertookasmuchastheycould.Whiletheclipmightlooklikepartofanewadcampaign,Bridgessaidtheonlygoalwastoshowgenerosityandsympathy.HeaddedthathehopespeopleinothercitiesmighttrysimilarprojectsandposttheirownvideosontheInternet.“Afterall,everyonehasbaddaysandgooddays,"hesaid.“Somedaysyouneedahelpinghandandsomedaysyoucanbetheonegivingthehelpinghand.”24.Whatdoestheexpression"moneywithnostringsattached"inparagraph1mean?A.Moneyspentwithouthesitation.B.Moneynotlegallymade.C.Moneyofferedwithoutconditions.D.Moneynottiedtogether.【答案】24.C【文章大意】文章介绍了TylerBridges所发动的一个项目，让有善心的人捐助钱财，让需要的人自取钱财，而这个项目的宗旨就在于让人们能够互相帮助。24．C句意理解题。根据下文的故事并结合第一段板上写的言语“Givewhatyoucan.Takewhatyouneed”可知，这里的钱是可以随意拿取的，并不附带任何条件，故选C项。2.【2020·天津高考第一次】Studyingasubjectthatyoufeelpointlessisneverafunoreasytask.Ifyou'restudyinghistory,askingyourselfthequestion"whyishistoryimportant"isaverygoodfirststep.Historyisanessentialpartofhumancivilization.Youwillfindsomethingherethatwillarouseyourinterest,orgetyouthinkingaboutthesignificanceofhistory.Historygroundsusinourroots.Historyisanimportantandinterestingfieldofstudy,andlearningthehistoryofourhomecountrycangiveusadeeper,moremeaningfulglimpse（一瞥）intoourancestralpasts,andhowwegottowherewearetoday.Manypeoplefeelliketheyneedasenseofculturalbelonging,whichissomethingthatstudyingyourrootsandbeingopen-mindedtotheevolutionofyourculturecanprovide.Historyenrichesourexperience.ReadinghistoryisanamazingexperiencebecauseitenablesustoreflectonthesocialandeconomiclifeofthepeoplelivinglongtimeagoAccordingtotheexperts,problemsfacedbypeopleregardlessofthepastandpresentarethesame.Withtheinformationabouttheancestors,onecanbecomemoreexperiencedinhandlingchallengesoflife.Historymakesusmoreempathetic（具有共情能力的）,Studyinghistorycangiveusinsight（洞察力）intowhyourculturedoescertainthings,andhowthepasthasshapeditintowhatweknownow.Italsoprovidesaratherstrongfoundationforempathyacrosscultures.Fearandhateforothersisusuallycausedbyignorance（无知）.We'rescaredofthethingsthatwedon'tunderstand.Historyhasthepotentialtobreakdownthoseboundariesbyofferingusinsightintoentireworldsthatwouldotherwisebeforeigntous.Historycaninspireustolearnmore.what'sfantasticabouthistoryisthewayitbroadensourhorizons.It'salmostimpossibletolearnaboutonehistoricalperiodwithouthavingdozensofquestionsaboutrelatedconcepts.Studythe19thcenturyEngland,andyoumightcatchaglimpseofCharlesDickens'OliverTwist.LookupCharlesDickens,andyoumightlearnathingortwoaboutrealism.Ormaybeyouendupswitchingyourattentionawayfromnovels,anddiscoverthehistoryofromanticpoetsinEngland.Itcangoanywhere,andthereissomethinginthereforabsolutelyanybody.Thevalueofhistorycannotbeunderestimated.Wedon'thavetoliveinthepast,butwecandefinitelydobetterbylearningfromitandusingthelessonslearnttoleadmoremeaningfullives.1．Theunderlinedpart"wherewearetoday"inPara.2probablymeans__________.A．theturningpointinourhistoryB．thepresentstateofournationC．thelocationofourhomelandD．thetotalareaofourcountry【答案】1．B【解析】本文是议论文。开头提出问题为什么历史重要。然后分四方面论述学历史的好处，最后总结扣题说明学历史的意义——历史的价值不可低估，通过从中学习，并利用学到的教训过更有意义的生活。1．猜测词义题。根据上句learningthehistoryofourhomecountrycangiveusadeeper,moremeaningfulglimpse(一瞥)intoourancestralpasts.,可知学习我们祖国的历史能更深、更有意义地了解我们祖先的过去。此处指学历史着眼于大局，是从国家层面讲的，与之一致，可推知画线的wherewearetoday指的是我们国家的现状。故选B。3.【2019年3月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语（天津卷）】Essentially,everyonehastwoages:achronological（按时间计算的）age,howoldthe

calendarsaysyouare,andabiologicalage,basicallytheageatwhichyourbodyfunctionsasitcomparestoaveragefitnessorhealthlevels.“Chronologicalageisn’thowoldwereallyare.It’smerelyanumber,”saidProfessorDavidSinclairatHarvardUniversity.“Itisbiologicalagethatdeterminesourhealthandultimatelyourlifespan.Weallagebiologicallyatdifferentratesaccordingtoourgenes,whatweeat,howmuchweexercise,andwhatenvironmentwelivein.Biologicalageisthenumberofcandleswereallyshouldbeblowingout.Inthefuture,withadvancesinourabilitytocontrolbiologicalage,wemayhaveevenfewercandlesonourbirthdaycakethanthepreviousone.”To

calculate

biologicalage,

ProfessorLevine

at

Yale

Universityidentifiedninebiomarker（生物标志）thatseemedtobethemostinfluentialonlifespanbyasimplebloodtest.Thenumbersofthosemarkers,suchasbloodsugarandimmune（免疫的）measures,canbeputintothecomputer,andthealgorithm（算式，算法）doestherest.Perhapswhat’smostimportanthereisthatthesemeasurescanbechanged.Doctorscantakethisinformationandhelppatientsmakechangestolifestyle,andhopefullytakestepstoimprovetheirbiologicalconditions.“Ithinkthemostexcitingthingaboutthisresearchisthatthesethingsaren’tsetinstone,”Levinesaid.“Peoplecanbegiventheinformationearlierandtakestepstoimprovetheirhealthbeforeit’stoolate.”Levineevenenteredherownnumbersintothealgorithm.Shewassurprisedbytheresults.“Ialwaysconsideredmyselfaveryhealthyperson.I’mphysicallyactive;IeatwhatIconsiderafairlyhealthydiet.ButIdidnotfindmyresultstobeasgoodasIhadhopedtheywouldbe.Itwasawake-upcall,”shesaid.Levineisworkingwithagrouptoprovideaccesstothealgorithmonlinesothatanyonecancalculatetheirbiologicalage,identifypotentialrisksandtakestepstoimprovetheirownhealthinthelongrun.“Noonewantstoliveanextremelylonglifewithalotofchronic（慢性的）diseases,”Levinesaid.“Bydelayingthedevelopmentofmentalandphysicalfunctioningproblems,peoplecanstillbeengagedinsocietyintheirsenioryears.Thatistheidealweshouldbepursuing.”14．Bysaying“wemayhaveevenfewercandlesonourbirthdaycakethanthepreviousone”inPara.2,theauthormeans_______.A．wedon’thavetocelebrateourbirthdayeveryyearB．wearechronologicallyolderthanlastyearC．wemightbelesshappythanthepreviousyearD．wemaybebiologicallyyoungerthantheyearbefore【答案】14．D【解析】本文为说明文。基本上，每个人都有两个年龄：一个是年表上的年龄，年历上说的你的年龄；一个是生理年龄，基本上是指你的身体机能与平均健康水平或健康水平相比较的年龄。生理年龄决定了我们的健康，最终决定了我们的寿命。为了计算生物年龄，耶鲁大学的莱文教授通过简单的血液测试确定了9种似乎对寿命影响最大的生物标志物。莱文正在与一个小组合作，提供在线访问该算法的机会，这样任何人都可以计算自己的生物年龄，识别潜在风险，并采取措施改善自己的长期健康状况。14．句意理解题。根据第二段中的Inthefuture,withadvancesinourabilitytocontrolbiologicalage,wemayhaveevenfewercandlesonourbirthdaycakethanthepreviousone.（在未来，随着我们控制生物年龄的能力的提高，我们的生日蛋糕上的蜡烛可能比前还要少）可知，人类将会有能力缩短或者延长生物年龄，作者说“我们的生日蛋糕上的蜡烛可能比前还要少”意思是“我们在生理上可能比前一年更年轻”。故D选项正确。4.2018年全国III卷之D篇Adultsunderstandwhatitfeelsliketobefloodedwithobjects.Whydoweoftenassumethatmoreismorewhenitcomestokidsandtheirbelongings?ThegoodnewsisthatIcanhelpmyownkidslearnearlierthanIdidhowtolivemorewithless.Ifoundthepre-holidaysagoodtimetoencourageyoungchildrentodonateless-usedthings,anditworked.Becauseofourefforts,ourdaughterGeorgiadiddecidetodonatealargebagoftoystoalittlegirlwhosemotherwasunabletopayforherholidayduetoillness.Shechosetosellafewlargerobjectsthatwerelessoftenusedwhenwepromisedtoputthemoneyintoherschoolfund(基金）(ourkindergartendaughterisseriousaboutbecomingadoctor).Forweeks,I'vebeenthinkingofbigger,deeperquestions:Howdowemakeitahabitforthem?Andhowdowetrainourselvestohelpthemlivewith,need,anduseless?Yesterday,Isatwithmyson,Shepherd,determinedtotestmyowntheoryonthis.Idecidedtoplaywithhimwithonlyonetoyforaslongasitwouldkeephisinterest.Iexpectedthatonetoywouldkeephisattentionforaboutfiveminutes,tenminutes,max.Ichosearedrubberball-simple,universallyavailable.Wepassedit,hetriedtoputitinhismouth,hetriedbouncingit,rollingit,sittingonit,throwingit.Itwastotally,completelyenoughforhim.BeforeIknewitanhourhadpassedanditwastimetomoveontolunch.Webothbecameabsorbedinthesimplicityofplayingtogether.HehadmyfullattentionandIhadhis.Mylittleexperimenttofindjoyinasingleobjectworkedforbothofus.32.Whatdothewords“moreismore”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Themore,thebetter. B.Enoughisenough.C.Moremoney,moreworries. D.Earnmoreandspendmore.33.WhatmadeGeorgiaagreetosellsomeofherobjects?A.Savingupforherholiday B.RaisingmoneyforapoorgirlC.Addingthemoneytoherfund D.Givingthemoneytoasickmother34.WhydidtheauthorplaytheballwithShepherd?A.TotryoutanideaB.Toshowaparent'sloveC.TotrainhisattentionD.Tohelphimstartahobby35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TakeItorLeaveIt B.ALessonfromKidsC.LiveMorewithLess D.ThePleasureofGiving【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述作者引导孩子主动捐献玩具，并从玩耍简单玩具中获得快乐的做法。32.A词义猜测题。根据文章第一段最后一句…IcanhelpmyownkidslearnearlierthanIdidhowtolivemorewithless可以推断出，人们通常认为越多越好。故选A。33.C细节理解题。根据文章第二段中Shechosetosellafewlargerobjectsthatwerelessoftenusedwhenwepromisedtoputthemoneyintoherschoolfund(基金)可知，当我们承诺给她把卖玩具的钱放到她的教育基金里时，她同意卖玩具。故选C。34.A细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句Mylittleexperimenttofindjoyinasingleobjectworkedforbothofus.表明，跟Shepherd玩球是为了测试自己的一种想法是否可行。故选A。35.C主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知，作者想要教会孩子howtolivemorewithless，而二三段是作者的尝试，故C作标题适合。5.【2022届山西省高考适应性联系（一模）】HecametoBritain,16,withahandfulofqualifications.￡5inpocketandaburningambition.Thirty-fiveyearslater,Vijay,51,andhisbrother.Bhikhu.ownadrugcompanywhichdoes$234millionworthofbusinesseachyear.Togethertheyareworth￡280millionandnowtheyhavebeenjointlynamed“EntrepreneuroftheYear”.Itisaninspirationaltale.Yetdespitetheirwealthandthisaward,Vijayremainsmodestabouttheirsuccess.Hepraiseshismother:“Sheisanincrediblelady.Shetaughtushardwork,honestyandwehavebasedourlivesonthosequalities.”In1967,VijaykissedhismothergoodbyetoLondontomakehisfortune.“Ihadlittlemorethanmyqualificationsand$5,”saysVijay.“Buttogowiththose,Ihadahugeambitiontomakesomethingofmyself,”herecalls.Typically,Vijaylooksonthebrightside.“Whenyoustartfromzero,thingscan’tgetanyworse.Youhaveonlyonewaytogo.andthat’sup-ifthereisahungerinyourstomachforsuccess.”Vijnysays.“MybrotherandIweredeterminedtobetterourselvesandBritainwasthelandofopportunity.”By1982,hehadownedsixchemist’sshops,whenBhikhu,athenfinancialanalyst,joinedhim,addingsome“financialdiscipline”tohiscompany.Vijaysays:“Isimplycouldn’thavedoneitwithouthim.”Asheputsit,“Broughtupunderoneroof,weunderstandoneanotherfromAtoZ.”Vijayiskeentocontinuerepayingthecountryhehasmadehisown.“Wehopewearemodecitizensandwouldliketoremainso,”hesays.“Weareluckyenoughtoliveinacountrythatneverstandsinourway.”Hismessageforyoungpeopleistodothesame:“Identifyyouraim,anddonotletanythingdiscourageyoufromachievingthatgoal.”1．WhatdidVijaypossesswhenstartinghisbusiness?A．£280millionincash. B．Asmalldrugcompany.C．Thetitle“EntrepreneuroftheYear”. D．Nothingbutqualificationsandambition.2．WhatistherecipeforVijay’ssuccess?A．Hisbrother’sfinancialaid. B．Hisidentityofmodelcitizen.C．Theperseveranceinhisgoal. D．Encouragingquotesfrommom.3．Whichcanprobablyreplacetheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph4?A．Wesharesomethingincommon. B．Weknoweachotherinsideout.C．Wecountoneachotherincareer. D．Wetwotogethercreatefireandwater.4．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．FromPennilesstoMillionaire B．TheSignificanceofEducationC．ThePowerofDeepBrotherhood D．AModestSuccessfulBusinessman【答案】1．D2．C3．B4．A【解析】本文为一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了被评为“年度企业家”的Vijay和Bhikhu的成功史，以及成功的秘诀。1．细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句“HecametoBritain,16,withahandfulofqualifications.￡5inpocketandaburningambition.Thirty-fiveyearslater,Vijay,51,andhisbrother,Bhikhu,ownadrugcompanywhichdoes$234millionworthofbusinesseachyear.(16岁时，他来到英国，带着一些资历，口袋里的￡5，还有一个燃烧的雄心。35年后，51岁的维贾伊和他的兄弟，Bhikhu。拥有一家每年价值2.34亿美元的制药公司)”,以及第三段第二句“‘Ihadlittlemorethanmyqualificationsand$5,’saysVijay.‘Buttogowiththose,Ihadahugeambitiontomakesomethingofmyself’(维贾伊说:‘除了我的资历和5美元之外，我一无所有。但与此同时，我有一个巨大的抱负，那就是要成就一番事业。')”可知，创业阶段，他除了资格证书和雄心，什么都没有。故选D项。2．推理判断题。根据第三段的第三句开始“Whenyoustartfromzero,thingscan’tgetanyworse.Youhaveonlyonewaytogo.andthat’sup—ifthereisahungerinyourstomachforsuccess.”Vijnysays.‘MybrotherandIweredeterminedtobetterourselvesandBritainwasthelandofopportunity.’（‘当你从零开始，事情不会变得更糟。你只有一条路可走。如果你的胃里有一股渴望成功的欲望，那就是成功。’Vijny说，‘我弟弟和我决心让自己变得更好，而英国是一片充满机遇的土地。’)”可知，Vijny对目标的执着是他的成功的秘诀。故选C项。3．词句猜测题。根据第四段最后一句“Broughtupunderoneroof,weunderstandoneanotherfromAtoZ.(我们在同一个屋檐下长大，彼此了解)”，fromAtoZ意为“彻底地；从头至尾”。A项“Wesharesomethingincommon.(我们有共同之处)”；B项“Weknoweachotherinsideout.(我们互相了解得很透彻)”；C项“Wecountoneachotherincareer.(我们在事业上互相依靠)”；D项“Wetwotogethercreatefireandwater.(我们简直是水火不容)”。B项与该句语意相近，故选B项。4．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章介绍了把手起家的Vijay凭借雄心壮志，打拼到拥有一家每年营业额过亿美元的制药公司的经历。故FromPennilesstoMillionaire(从一文不名到百万富翁)，符合题意。故选A项。6.【2022届内蒙古包钢第一中学高三一模检测（A）】TheJewish(犹太人）family-had-justfinishedsupperandthewomanhadplacedthedishesinthesink.Thekitchenwasquitedampandevengloomierthaninthemainroom.Itwastheirthirdapartmentsincethestartofthewar,theyhadabandonedtheothertwoinahurry.Thewomancamebackintotheroomandsatdownagainatthetable.The3-year-oldboysatwithhisbackstraight,hiseyesfixedonhisfather,butitwasobviousthathewassosleepythathecouldbarelysitup.Themanwassmokingacigarette.Hiseyeswereblood-shotandhekeptblinkinginafunnyway.Thisblinkinghadbegunsoonaftertheyfledthesecondapartment.Itwaslate,pastteno'clockandtheycouldhavegonetosleep,butfirsttheyhadtoplaythegamethattheyhadbeenplayingeverydayfortwoweeks.Eventhoughthemantriedhisbestandhemovedveryquickly,thefaultwashisandnotthechild's.Theboywas.marvelous.Seeinghisfatherputouthiscigarette,heopenedhisblueeyesevenwider.Thewoman,whodidn'tactuallytakepartinthegame,strokedtheboy'shair.“We'llplaythekeygamejustonemoretimeonlytoday.Isn'tthatright?"sheaskedherhusband.Hedidn'tanswerbecausehewasnotsure.Theywerestilltwoorthreeminutesoff.Hearoseandwalkedtowardsthebathroomdoor.Thenthewomancalledoutsoftly,“Ding-dong."Atthesoundofthebellringingsomusicallyfromhismother'slips,theboyjumpedupfromhischairandrantothefrontdoor,whichwasseparatedfromthemainroombyanarrowcorridor.“Who'sthere?"heasked.Thewoman,remaininginherchair,shuthereyestightasiffeelingasudden,sharppain.“I'llopenupinaminute,I'mjustlookingforthekeys,"thechildcalledout.Thenheranbacktothemainroom,makingalotofnoisewithhisfeet.Heranincirclesaroundthetable,pulledoutoneofthesideboarddrawers,andslammeditshut.“Justaminute,Ican'tfindthem,Idon'tknowwhereMamaputthem,"heyelled,thendraggedthechairacrosstheroom,climbedontoit,andreacheduptothetopoftheshelf.“Ifoundthem!”heshoutedtriumphantly.Thenhegotdownfromthechair,pusheditbacktothetable,andcalmlywalkedtothedoorandopenedit.“Shutthedoor,darling,"thewomansaidsoftly."Youwereperfect.”Thechilddidn'thearwhatshesaid.Hestoodinthemiddleoftheroom,staringattheclosedbathroomdoor.“Shutthedoor,thewomanrepeatedinatiredflatvoice.Everyeveningsherepeatedthesamewords,andeveryeveninghestaredattheclosedbathroomdoor.Atlastitopened.Themanwaspaleandhisclotheswerestreakedwithlimeanddust.Hestoodthere,eyesblinkinginthatfunnyway.“Well?Howdiditgo?"askedthewoman.“Istillneedmoretime.Hehastolookforthemlonger.Islipinsidewaysallright,butthen...It'ssotightintherethatwhenIturn...Andhe'sgottomakemorenoise-heshouldstamphisfeetlouder."Thechilddidn'ttakehiseyesoffhim.“Saysomethingtohim,"thewomanwhispered.＂Youdidagoodjob,littleone,"hesaidmechanically.“That'sright,”thewomansaid,“you'rereallydoingawonderfuljob,darling.Youactjustlikeagrown-up.AndyoudoknowthatifsomeoneshouldreallyringthedoorbellwhenMamaisatwork,everythingwilldependonyou?Andwhatwillyousaywhentheyaskyouaboutyourparents?”“Mama'satwork.”“AndPapa?"Hewassilent.“AndPapa?"themanscreamedinterror.Thechildturnedpale.“AndPapa?”themanrepeatedmorecalmly.“He'sdead,”＂thechildansweredandthrewhimselfathisfather,whowasstandingrightbesidehim,butalreadylongdeadtothepeoplewhowouldreallyringthebell.5．WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinPara.5mean?A．Thefamilyneededtopractisethegameforanother2or3minutes.B．Therewasstill2or3minutesleftbeforesomeoneknockedatthedoor.C．Theywouldbecometoosleepytoplaythegame2or3minuteslater.D．Thefatherneeded2or3moreminutesbeforethekidopenedthedoor.6．Whydidtheboymakealotofnoisewhenhewaslookingforthekey?A．Becauseheneededtodrownoutthenoisecausedbyhisfather.B．Becausehewastoolittleandjustcouldn'tcontrolhisfootsteps.C．Becausehewastooanxioustofindthekeytoopenthedoorwith.D．Becausehemetmanybarriersonhiswaytowherethekeywas.7．InPara.12,whydidthemotherrepeat“shutthedoor”inatired,flatvoice,insteadoftheprevioussoftone?A．Shewasangrybecausehersondidn'tclosethedoorashehadbeentoldto.B．Shefeltanxiousbecausesheknewherhusbandwouldbeannoyedattheboyagain.C．Shewasdisappointedbecausetheboy'smovementbetrayedagainwhereherhusbandwas.D．Shewasimpatientbecauseshewasaskedtorepeatthesewordsagainandagaineveryevening.8．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．AScaryNight B．TheKeyGameC．MyFatherIsDead D．AnInnocentBoy【答案】5．D6．A7．C8．B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是三岁的男孩和父母晚上玩的找钥匙游戏。5．句意猜测题。根据第五段中Theywerestilltwoorthreeminutesoff.“他们还有两三分钟的时间。”和下文的“I'l1openupinaminute,I'mjustlookingforthekeys,"thechildcalledout.“我马上就开门，我只是在找钥匙。”孩子叫道。由此推知划线句意的意思是“父亲又过了两三分钟，孩子才打开门。”故选D。6．推理判断题。根据第8段“I'l1openupinaminute,I'mjustlookingforthekeys,"thechildcalledout.Thenheranbacktothemainroom,makingalotofnoisewithhisfeet.Heranincirclesaroundthetable,pulledoutoneofthesideboarddrawers,andslammeditshut.“我马上就开门，我只是在找钥匙。”孩子叫道。然后他跑回主屋，用脚弄出很大的声响。他绕着桌子跑了一圈，拉出一个餐具柜抽屉，砰地关上。和下文中的he'sgottomakemorenoise-heshouldstamphisfeetlouder.“他得弄出更多的声音——他跺脚的声音应该更大一些。”由此推知，这个男孩在找钥匙的时候之所以发出这么大的声音，是因为他需要淹没他父亲发出的噪音。故选A。7．推理判断题。根据第13—15段中Atlastitopened.Themanwaspaleandhisclotheswerestreakedwithlimeanddust.Hestoodthere,eyesblinkinginthatfunnyway.最后它打开了。那人脸色苍白，衣服上布满了石灰和灰尘。他站在那里，眼睛眨得很滑稽。“Well?Howdiditgo?"askedthewoman.“嗯?进展如何?”女人问。“Istillneedmoretime.Hehastolookforthemlonger.Islipinsidewaysallright,butthen...It'ssotightintherethatwhenIturn...Andhe'sgottomakemorenoise-heshouldstamphisfeetlouder."“我还需要更多的时间。他不得不花更长的时间去寻找它们。我侧身滑了进去，但后来…里面太紧了，我一转身……他必须制造更多的噪音——他应该跺脚更大声。”由此可知，母亲用疲惫、平淡的声音重复着“关上门”，而不是先前那句温柔的话是因为她很失望，因为男孩的举动再次泄露了她丈夫的行踪。故选C。8．标题判断题。根据第三段Itwaslate,pastteno'clockandtheycouldhavegonetosleep,butfirsttheyhadtoplaythegamethattheyhadbeenplayingeverydayfortwoweeks.“时间已经很晚了，10点多了，他们本来可以去睡觉的，但是他们必须先玩他们已经玩了两个星期的游戏。”和第四段“We'llplaythekeygamejustonemoretimeonlytoday.Isn'tthatright?"sheaskedherhusband.“我们只会在今天再玩一次找钥匙的比赛。好吗?”她问丈夫。这篇文章讲述了一个找钥匙比赛。所以B项为最佳标题。故选B。7.【广东省珠海市2021-2022学年高三统考】Mostteenagersarestilltryingtofindtheirpassionandpurposeinlife.However,notGitanjaliRao.The15-year-oldsophomoreatSTEMSchoolHighlandsRanchhasbeencomingupwithinnovativesolutionsloworldwideproblemssinceshewasten.Itis,therefore,notsurprisingthattheyoungsterwasselectedfrom5,000equallyimpressivenominees—aged8to16—forTIMEMagazine’sfirst-ever“KidoftheYear.”Theyounggirl,whoknewshewantedtobringchangeandpositivitytohercommunitysince3rdgrade,wasjusttenyearsoldwhensheheardaboutthelead-tainted(含铅的)waterinFlint,Michigan,in2015.Afterspendingtwomonthsresearchinghowthearea’sdrinkingwaterbecamepolluted,RaobegandesigningadevicecalledTethys,whichattachestoacellphoneandinformstheresidentviaanAPPiftheirdrinkingwatercontainstracesoftheharmfulmetal.Theprototype(模型)earnedhertheYoungScientistChallengeAwardin2017.Astart-upentrepreneurisworkingwithscientistsandmedicalprofessionalstotestTethys’potentialandhopesthedevicewillbereadyforcommercialuseby2022.In2019,Raotookonanothersocialissue—opioidaddiction.TheappshedesignedwonthePillarPrizeattheInnovationStudentChallenge,whichhelpstocatchdrugaddictioninyoungadultsbeforeit’stoolate.Raosaid.“Iwantedtocomeupwithawaytodiagnosesuchaddictionatanearlystagesoyoucantakeactionearlier.”Morerecently,theteenagerhascreatedanotherinspiringapp.“Istaredtohard-code(编写硬编码)insomewordsthatcouldbeconsideredbullying,andthenthecomputersearchenginetookthosewordsandidentifiedwordsthataresimilar.Youtypeinawordorphrase,andit’sabletopickitupifit’sbullying,anditgivesyoutheoptiontoedititorsenditthewayitis.”RaotoldeditorAngelinainaninterview.“Thegoalisnottopunish.Instead,itgivesyouthechancetorethinkwhatyou’resayingsothatyouknowwhattodonexttimearound.”9．HowisGitanjaliRaodifferentfrommostteenagers?A．Sheistryingtofindherpassionandpurposeinlife.B．SheisasophomoreatSTEMSchoolHighlandsRanch.C．Shehasputforwardcreativeanswerstoworldwideproblems.D．Sheappliedtobe“KidoftheYear”ofTIMEMagazine.10．WhatcanwelearnaboutTethysfromParagraph2?A．Itisadeviceforresidentstoresearchthedrinkingwater.B．Thetracesoftheharmfulmetalwillbepresentedonit.C．ItsphoneAPPtellsuserswhetherthewaterispolluted.D．Astart-upentrepreneurhasputTethysonthemarket.11．Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“opioidaddiction”inParagraph3referto?A．Internetaddiction. B．Drugabuse.C．Appinnovation. D．Healthdiagnosis.12．Whatisthegoaloftheappagainstcyberbullying?A．Togiveapunishmentforbullying. B．Toguideuserstosendproperwords.C．Towithdrawbullyingmessages. D．Tohelpfindmoreaccurateexpressions.【答案】9．C10．C11．B12．B【解析】这是一篇说明文文。主要介绍了美国女孩GitanjaliRao发明的新科技涵盖各个领域，帮助解决社会问题，因此，她被《时代》杂志评选为第一位“年度少年”。9．细节理解题。根据第一段“Mostteenagersarestilltryingtofindtheirpassionandpurposeinlife.However,notGitanjaliRao.The15-year-oldsophomoreatSTEMSchoolHighlandsRanchhasbeencomingupwithinnovativesolutionsloworldwideproblemssinceshewasten.（大多数青少年仍在努力寻找生活中的激情和目标。然而，不是吉坦贾利·拉奥。这位15岁的STEMSchoolHighlandsRanch的大二学生从10岁起就一直在为世界范围内的问题提出创新的解决方案。）”可知，GitanjaliRao与大多数青少年不同，她对世界性的问题提出了创造性的答案。故选C项。10．细节理解题。根据第二段“Afterspendingtwomonthsresearchinghowthearea’sdrinkingwaterbecamepolluted,RaobegandesigningadevicecalledTethys,whichattachestoacellphoneandinformstheresidentviaanAPPiftheirdrinkingwatercontainstracesoftheharmfulmetal.（在花了两个月的时间研究该地区的饮用水如何受到污染后，Rao开始设计一款名为Tethys的设备，该设备连接到手机上，通过应用程序通知居民饮用水是否含有有害金属的痕迹。）”可知，GitanjaliRao设计的手机应用程序可以告诉用户水是否被污染了。故选C项。11．词句猜测题。根据第三段“TheappshedesignedwonthePillarPrizeattheInnovationStudentChallenge,whichhelpstocatchdrugaddictioninyoungadultsbeforeit’stoolate.（她设计的应用程序在创新学生挑战赛中获得了支柱奖，帮助年轻人在为时已晚之前戒掉药物上瘾。）”可知，GitanjaliRao设计的应用程序是为了帮助年轻人戒掉药物上瘾，推测划线短语表示“药物上瘾”，与drugabuse同义。故选B项。12．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thegoalisnottopunish.Instead,itgivesyouthechancetorethinkwhatyou’resayingsothatyouknowwhattodonexttimearound.（我们的目标不是惩罚。相反，它让你有机会重新思考自己在说什么，这样你就知道下次该做什么。）”可知，应用程序对抗网络霸凌的目标是引导用户重新思考，发送合适的文字。故选B项。8.【江西省七校2021-2022学年高三上学期第一次联考】We’vebeenhearingfordecadesaboutthecomplexintelligenceofplants;butanewstudy,conductedbyresearchersattheUniversityofMissouri,managedtofigureoutonenewimportantelement:plantscantellwhenthey’rebeingeaten,andtheydon’tlikeit.Theword“intelligence”,whenappliedtoanynon-humananimalorplant,isimpreciseandsortofmeaningless:researchdonetodetermine“intelligence”mostlyjustaimstolearnhowsimilartheinnerworkingsofanotherorganismistoahumanthoughtprocess.Butthesestudiesdogiveusinsightintohowotherorganismsthinkandbehave,whatever“think”mightmean.Theresearcherswereseekingtoansweranunusualquestion:doesaplantknowwhenit’sbeingeaten?Todothat,theresearchershadtofirstmakeapreciseversionofthevibrations(振动)thatacaterpillar(毛虫)makesasitcatsleaves.Thetheoryisthatit’sthesevibrationsthattheplantcansomehowfeelorhear.Inaddition,theresearchersalsocameupwithothervibrationstheplantmightexperience,likewindnoise.Thisparticularstudywasonthethalecress.Itactuallyproducessomemustardoils(芥子油),whicharemildlypoisonouswheneaten,andsendsthe