重庆南开中学2019-2020学年高一上学期期中英语试题（解析版）

重庆南开中学2022届高一上学期中期考试英语试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。第Ⅰ卷（五部分共110分）第一部分听力（共两节；满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesjimmywanttodo?A.Takeasummervacation.BPlayinthebackyard.C.Haveaswim.2.Whatisthewomandoingnow?A.Doingsomeresearch.B.Writingapaper.C.Preparingforatest.3.WhomightMr.Petersonbe?A.Asoftwareprogrammer.B.Adepartmenthead.C.acompanydirector.4.Whatclassdoesthemanhaveafterlunchtoday?A.Afilmclass.B.Ahistoryclass.C.Apsychologyclass.5.WhereismostprobablyDavidnow?A.Inhisoffice.B.Inastadium.C.Inagarage.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A.Thecitypark.B.Themarketsquare.C.Theshoppingcenter.7.Whatshouldthewomandoatthenextcrossroads?A.Turnright.B.Turnleft.C.Keepstraighton.听下面一段对话,回答第8和第9两个小题。8.Whowillthemangotoasoccermatchwith?A.Bob.B.Laura.C.Mary.9.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Whattodotonight.B.whethertoeatout.C.Whentogobowling.听下面一段对话,回答第10至第12三个小题。10.Whatdidthespeakersthinkofthecourseatfirst?A.ItwasOK.B.Itwasmeaningful.C.Itwasboring.11.whatdoesthewomanlikeabouttheteacher?A.Hissenseofhumor.B.Hishandwriting.C.Hisvoice.12.Whenshouldthespeakersfinishtheirhomework?A.Bythisweekend.B.BynextMonday.C.Bynextweekend.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.Whatistheweatherprobablylike?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Windy.14.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthemorning.B.Atnoon.C.Intheafternoon.15.Howdoesthewomanfindtheworkingtimehere?A.Long.B.Strict.C.Satisfying.16.Wheredothewoman’sfamilylive?A.InBritain.B.InMexico.C.InAustralia.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17.WhendoesSamusuallydosports?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.18.WhatisSamrelatedtothespeaker?A.Hisclassmate.B.Hisworkmate.C.Hisroommate.19.WhatbenefitdidAmygetfromsocialservice?A.Sheimprovedcommunicationskills.B.Shebecamemorestrong-willed.C.Shedidbetterinclass.20.Whatactivitydoesthespeakerlikebest?A.Readingbooks.B.Watchinggames.C.Playingvolleyball.第二部分单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项的标号涂黑。1.TheideaofbuildingHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge,________world’slongestsea-crossingbridge,couldgobackto________1980s.A.the;/ B.a;/ C.a;the D.the;the【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查冠词。句意：建造世界上最长的跨海大桥——港珠澳大桥的想法可以追溯到上世纪80年代。第一空形容词最高级longest前用定冠词the；第二空在世纪，年代名词前用定冠词the。故选D。2.Whatan_______day!Afterawholeday’shiking,Iamcompletely________.A.exhausted;exhaustedB.exhausting;exhaustingC.exhausting;exhaustedD.exhausted;exhausting【答案】C【解析】【分析】

【详解】考查形容词化的分词用法。句意，这是多么令人精疲力竭的一天啊！经过一整天的徒步旅行，我感到筋疲力尽。exhausting指物，意为“令人精疲力竭的”；exhausted指人，意为“（感到）精疲力竭”，故选C。3.Asmostoftheirhouseswerebadlydamagedaftertheearthquake,manypeoplehadtobe________inastadium.A.putaway B.putup C.putout D.putoff【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于地震后他们大部分的房子都被严重损坏，许多人不得不住在体育场里。A.putaway收起来；B.putup供给…….(膳宿);C.putout扑灭；D.putoff推迟。由“Asmostoftheirhouseswerebadlydamagedaftertheearthquake”可知，putup“供给…….(膳宿)”符合句意。故选B项。4.Scientistssayitmaybetwoyears________thisnewmedicinecanbetestedonhumanpatients.A.before B.after C.since D.when【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查连词。句意：科学家表示，这种新药可能需要过两年时间才能在人类患者身上进行测试。A.before在……之前；B.after在……之后；C.since自……时候；D.when当……时。本题考查

It+be+sometime+before从句，表示“多久之后才……”。故选A。【点睛】Itbe+时间段+since/before/when…句型区别：1.

“Itbe+时间段+since…”表示“自从……以来有多久了”，但若从句谓语是延续性动词时，则意为“(多久)

不做……了”。2.

“Itbe+时间段+before…”表示“过……之后才……”，若be是否定式，则表示“没过……就……”。3.

“Itbe+时间点+before…”表示“在……之前，时间……”。4.

“Itbe+时间点+when…”表示“当……时，时间是……”。本题中首先抓住时间段twoyears和

固定句型It+be+sometime+before从句，表示“多久之后才……”，从而判断出答案。5.—Isthisthefirsttimeyou________Chonqing?—No.ThefirsttimeI________here,thecitywasn’tsofascinating.A.visited;came B.visited;havecomeC.havevisited;havecome D.havevisited;came【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：——这是你第一次来重庆吗?——不。我第一次来的时候，这个城市并没有那么迷人。句型It/Thisisfirst/second/third…+从句，从句用现在完成时，表示“某人第几次做某事”；Thefirsttime“首次；第一次”，常引导时间状语从句，根据主句“thecitywasn’tsofascinating.”时态可知，用一般过去时。故选D。6.Theplayers________fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame.A.selecting B.toselectC.selected D.havingselected【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从全国各地挑选出来的运动员将在这场夏季比赛中为我们争光。分析句子可知，select与players在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故选C项。7.Mumiscoming.Whatpresent________foryourbirthday?A.youexpectshehasgotB.youexpecthasshegotC.doyouexpectshehasgotD.doyouexpecthasshegot【答案】C【解析】【分析】

【详解】考查特殊疑问句和语序。句意：妈妈来了。你以为她会给你什么生日礼物呢？what引导的句子为特殊疑问句，因此，其语序应该为疑问性语序，故插入语doyouexpect使用倒装形式，其后句子应用陈述性语序．故选C。8.Thereareonly________naturalresourcesastherewerethirtyyearsago.A.ashalfmuch B.ashalfmany C.halfasmuch D.halfasmany【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查倍数。句意：现在的自然资源只有三十年前的一半。倍数的常见用法有：倍数 + as + 形容词或副词的原级 + as + 其他。倍数 + 形容词（或副词）的比较级 + than + 其他。倍数 + the size / height / length / width. etc. + of + 其他。名词naturalresources为可数名词，所以用many修饰。故选D。9.One-fifthofthearea________coveredwithtrees.Aboutseventypercentofthetrees________beenplantedrecently.A.is;has B.are;have C.is;have D.are;has【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：三分之一的地区被绿树覆盖。已经种植了大约百分之七十的树木。当主语被分数或百分数修饰时，谓语和后面的名词一致。故选C。10.—Icandriveyouhome.—________,butareyousureit’snottoomuchtrouble?A.Thatwouldbegreat B.Don’tbotherC.I’mafraidnot D.Congratulations【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——我可以开车送你回家。——那太好了，但你确定不会太麻烦吗?A.Thatwouldbegreat那太好了；B.Don’tbother不打扰了；C.I’mafraidnot恐怕不行；D.Congratulations祝贺。根据“butareyousureit’snottoomuchtrouble?”转折可知，那真是太好了，但希望不给对方带来太多的麻烦。故选A。第三部分完形填空（共20小题；每小题15分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。Youshouldseethephoto.I’msittinginreddirt,____11____anuglypurpleT-shirt.Myfaceispinkandmy____12____iswetwithsweat.Fliesbuzzaroundmyhead.I’minthenorthwestofAustralia,onaschooltripwith20parentsand20kidsItwasastrangechoiceforaholiday.Ilikesittingbythepoolwithacola,notfliesandfrogs.Ilikebeing____13____andquiet,notabusloadofkids.Ilike____14____washedsheets,notdirty-lookingblankets.Buthere’sthethingaboutthatphoto:Iamsmiling!ThetripsoundedgoodwhenI____15____.WeweretoldthatguideswouldtakeusintotheheartoftheplaceandIwouldseeanewpartofAustraliaandlearnaboutlocal____16____.BesidesIknewitwouldbeavaluablechanceformetostaywithmyyoungestdaughter.Iwouldalsostaywith40strangers.Ijusthopetherewouldbegoodcoffee.InDarwinwegotontoabus.Itquicklybecametiresome.Thekidswere____17____andkeptontalkingbutIhatemakingsmalltalk.ButlaterwhenIlookedoutatthelargeemptyland,Iwassurprisedatandmovedbyits____18____.Ourlocalguidetoldusaboutthelandandhisculture.Ifeltfarfromhome.Atanationalpark,we____19____anaturalswimminghole,kidsandparentshavingagreattime.Finallywereachedour____20____.TherethesmallroomIsharedwithmydaughterwasabrickcell,fullofcrickets(蟋蟀),buttoodarktoseethem.Itdidn’t____21____.Thenextninedayswere____22____.Waterfalls,lakes,communityvisits,andatriparoundKatherineGorgewherewe____23____sawgiantcrocodiles!Onourlastnight,awaterpipe(管子)____24____.Weawoketoamess,everythinginwater.UsuallyIwouldhave____25____,butitjustseemed____26____tobedirty.Indeed,itwas____27____tostayclean.Wewerehikinginreddirtwithtemperaturesof35degrees.Still,IfeltakindofenergyIhadn’t____28____inyears.Yes,thecoffeewasbad,butIwastoofocusedonkeepingcricketsoffmyface.Ilovethatphotoofmeinthedirt.Ilook____29____buthappy.Sometimesit’sanotherwayoftraveling.Thereisbeautiful____30____andthereisdirt.Therewasalwayssomeonetotalktosomeonetolaughwith.11.A.washing B.wearing C.waving D.watching12.A.mind B.eye C.heart D.hair13.A.noisy B.busy C.alone D.shy14.A.shortly B.cautiously C.freshly D.clearly15.A.signedup B.showedup C.stoodup D.wokeup16.A.guide B.business C.culture D.resource17.A.silent B.encouraged C.moody D.excited18.A.coldness B.beauty C.enthusiasm D.emptiness19.A.enjoyed B.broadened C.missed D.constructed20.A.goal B.agreement C.destination D.decision21.A.matter B.work C.appear D.happen22.A.killed B.packed C.wasted D.booked23.A.still B.already C.even D.ever24.A.cut B.expanded C.shortened D.broke25.A.scared B.complained C.laughed D.saddened26.A.normal B.strange C.unbelievable D.perfect27.A.impossible B.probable C.easy D.important28.A.tested B.stored C.valued D.experienced29.A.pretty B.energetic C.bitter D.messy30.A.dress B.weather C.scenery D.room【答案】11.B12.D13.C14.C15.A16.C17.D18.B19.A20.C21.A22.B23.C24.D25.B26.A27.A28.D29.D30.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述她最近的一次旅行，并解释她从这次旅行中学到了什么。【11题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在红土上，穿着一件难看的紫色T恤。A.washing洗；B.wearing穿；C.waving挥舞；D.watching观看。根据“anuglypurpleT-shirt.”可知，这里指作者穿着一件难看的紫色T恤。故选B。【12题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的脸是粉红色的，我的头发被汗水弄湿了。A.mind头脑；B.eye眼睛；C.heart心脏；D.hair头发。从选择项可知，被汗水弄湿只能是头发。故选D。【13题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢独处和安静。A.noisy吵闹的；B.busy繁忙的；C.alone独自的；D.shy害羞的。根据后面的并列形容词quiet可知，作者喜欢独处和安静。故选C。【14题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢刚洗过的床单，不喜欢看起来脏兮兮的毯子。A.shortly立刻；B.cautiously小心地；C.freshly刚才；D.clearly清楚地。根据“notdirty-lookingblankets.”可知，作者喜欢刚刚洗过的床单。故选C。【15题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我报名时，这趟旅行听起来很不错。A.signedup签字报名；B.showedup出现；C.stoodup站起来；D.wokeup叫醒。根据“Thetripsoundedgood”可知，这里指作者报名这次旅行。故选A。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我将看到澳大利亚的一个新地方，了解当地的文化。A.guide向导；B.business商业；C.culture文化；D.resource资源。根据下文“Ourlocalguidetoldusaboutthelandandhisculture.”提示可知，作者在导游的带领下，到一个新地方就是了解当地的风景和文化。故选C。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们很兴奋，不停地说着话，但我讨厌闲聊。A.silent沉默的；B.encouraged鼓励的；C.moody情绪化的；D.excited激动地。根据“andkeptontalking”可知，孩子们不停地说着话，是因为很兴奋。故选D。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但后来当我看到这片空旷的土地时，我被它的美丽所震惊和感动。A.coldness冷淡；B.beauty美丽；C.enthusiasm热情；D.emptiness空虚。这里指作者被这片空旷的土地的美丽所震惊和感动。故选B。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在国家公园，我们在一个天然的游泳洞尽情享受，孩子和父母玩得很开心。A.enjoyed享受；B.broadened拓宽；C.missed错过；D.constructed建筑。根据“kidsandparentshavingagreattime.”可知，孩子和父母玩得很开心，说明他们在尽情的享受。故选A。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们终于到达了目的地。A.goal目标；B.agreement同意；C.destination目的地；D.decision决定。根据下文叙述可知，作者她们到达了目的地。故选C。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它并不重要。A.matter关系；重要；B.work工作；C.appear出现；D.happen发生。根据“TherethesmallroomIsharedwithmydaughterwasabrickcell,fullofcrickets(蟋蟀),buttoodarktoseethem.”可知，房间虽小，但这并不重要。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来的九天都安排满了。A.killed消磨；B.packed挤满；C.waste浪费；D.booked预订。根据“Waterfalls,lakes,communityvisits,andatriparoundKatherineGorgewhereweevensawgiantcrocodiles!”从后面的参观可知，这里指接下来的九天都安排满了。故选B。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们甚至看到了巨大的鳄鱼!A.still仍然；B.already已经；C.even甚至；D.ever曾经。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：昨晚，一个管子坏了。A.cut砍；B.expanded扩大；C.shortened缩短；D.broke坏了。根据后句“Weawoketoamess,everythinginwater.”从一切都在水中可知，水管坏了。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常我会抱怨，但看起来脏是正常的。A.scared使……害怕；B.complained抱怨；C.laughed大笑；D.saddened暗淡。根据上文作者描述可知，作者爱干净，所以说对于这种状况作者通常会抱怨。故选B。26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常我会抱怨，但看起来脏是正常的。A.normal正常的；B.strange奇怪的；C.unbelievable难以置信的；D.perfect完美的。根据下文“Indeed,itwas____17____tostayclean.”可知，这样的状况脏是正常的。故选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，要保持干净是不可能的。A.impossible不可能的；B.probable可能的；C.easy容易的；D.important重要的。根据上文可知，这样的状况要保持干净是不可能的。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我仍然感到一种多年未体验过的活力。A.tested测试；B.stored储存；C.valued珍视；D.experienced经历；体验。故选D。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看起来很凌乱但是很开心。A.pretty漂流的；B.energetic精力充沛的；C.bitter苦的；D.messy凌乱的。根据上文的脏可知，作者看起来很凌乱。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那里有美丽的风景，也有泥土。A.dress服装；B.weather天气；C.scenery风景；D.room房间。故选C。【点睛】完形填空主要考查学生对语篇的全面理解，要求学生在做题时能够做到“身临其境，感同身受”准确把握作者写作意图，同时“瞻前顾后，左顾右盼”，充分考虑前后文的逻辑关系，仔细推敲，最后还原整体和细节。例如小题6所选的culture这个词在下文“Ourlocalguidetoldusaboutthelandandhisculture.”提示可知，作者在导游的带领下，到一个新地方就是了解当地的风景和文化，从而选出答案。第四部分阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项的标号涂黑。AFood&DrinkService.Weoffersnackslikechocolate,crisps,biscuitsandsaltedpeanuts.Awiderangeofsoftdrinks,fruitjuice,tea,milk,yoghourt,vegetablejuiceandmineralwatercanbeprovided.However,sincetakingaflightmaybeaprocessofremovingwaterfromyourbody,waterandnonalcoholicbeveragesarestronglyadvised.ElectronicFacilities.Cellularphones,FM/AMradios,portabletelevisionsetsandelectronictoyswithremotecontrolsmustnotbeusedinthecabin,astheirsignalsmayinterferewiththeaircraft’snavigationalinstruments.LaptopcomputersandCD(MD,MP3)playersmaybeusedduringcruisingportionsoftheflightbutnotduringthetake-offandlanding.In-flightEntertainment.Awideselectionofinternationalpublicationsareavailableforyourreadingpleasure.YoumaykeepthisfreecopyofMorningCalmmagazine,butkindlyreturnallotherreadingmaterialsafteryouhavefinishedwiththemforthebenefitoffellowpassengers.Aselectionofmusicisavailableoneightchannels,fromchannel3to10.Thechannelchangerisonyourarmrest.Wealsoofferaselectionofpopularfilms;youmaylisteninEnglishonchannel2.Pokerandchessareavailableonrequest,andwehavefreepostcardsandstationery.MedicalNeeds.Wekeepaselectionofnonprescriptionmedicineforanypassengersufferingfrommildsicknesses.Anemergencymedicalkitisalsoaccessibleformoreseriousillnesses.TravellingwithInfantsandChildren.Babybassinets(摇篮式婴儿床)areprovidedonafirstcomefirstservebasisandshouldberequestedatthetimeofbooking.Specialmealsforchildrenandinfantscanbeservediftherequestismade24hoursbeforedeparture.Selectedgiveawaysforchildrenaged2to12areavailableonallinternationalflights.31.Theservicesaboveareprobablyofferedby________.A.atravelagency B.anairlineC.amedicalcenter D.afive-starhotel32.IfyouturnonChannel5onyourarmrest,whatwillyouenjoy?A.Internationalnews. B.Pokerandchess.C.Fashionmagazines. D.Popularmusic.33.Whenshouldapassengerrequestspecialmealsforchildrenandbabies?A.24hoursbeforedeparture. B.Atthetimeofbooking.C.Soonafterthetake-off. D.Atthetimeoflanding.【答案】31.B32.D33.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由一家航空公司所提供的一些服务，包括餐饮服务、电子设备、舱内娱乐、医疗需求和为带着婴儿和孩子旅行乘客提供的便捷等。31题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“However,sincetakingaflightmaybeaprocessofremovingwaterfromyourbody,waterandnonalcoholicbeveragesarestronglyadvised.（然而，由于乘坐飞机可能是一个将水分从身体排出的过程，强烈建议喝水和不含酒精的饮料。）”，第二段“Cellularphones,FM/AMradios,portabletelevisionsetsandelectronictoyswithremotecontrolsmustnotbeusedinthecabin,astheirsignalsmayinterferewiththeaircraft’snavigationalinstruments.LaptopcomputersandCD(MD,MP3)playersmaybeusedduringcruisingportionsoftheflightbutnotduringthetake-offandlanding.”一些电子设备会扰飞机的导航仪器，笔记本电脑和CD(MD,MP3)播放器不能在起飞和降落期间使用，和最后一段“Anemergencymedicalkitisalsoaccessibleformoreseriousillnesses.（所有国际航班均提供2至12岁儿童的精选赠品。）”可知，文章多次提及到飞机及航班，所以这些服务是由一家航空公司所提供。故选B。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Aselectionofmusicisavailableoneightchannels,fromchannel3to10.（可供选择的音乐有8个频道，从3频道到10频道。）”，从而可以推断出，如果你打开5频道，你可能会听到流行音乐。其它三个选择项与音乐无关。故选D。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Specialmealsforchildrenandinfantscanbeservediftherequestismade24hoursbeforedeparture.（如果在出发前24小时提出要求，可以为儿童和婴儿提供特殊膳食。）”，所以乘客如果需要此项服务，需要在飞机出发前24小时提出。故选A。【点睛】文章内容较为简单，集中考查细节题，对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别。如小题3选择项中关键词的24hoursbeforedeparture，根据文章最后一段“Specialmealsforchildrenandinfantscanbeservediftherequestismade24hoursbeforedeparture.（如果在出发前24小时提出要求，可以为儿童和婴儿提供特殊膳食。）”，所以乘客如果需要此项服务，需要在飞机出发前24小时提出，从而得出答案。BWhenmymotherdied,Iwascooking.Oneweekend,myhusbandsuggestedwecooktogether.I’dspokentomymotherearlierthatdayonthephone.I’dtoldheraboutourlife.Sheyawnedandwesaidgoodbyetooneanother.Ididn’tknowthenwhatIwouldknow16hourslater.Ihadn’tevenaskedhowshewasdoing.Mymotherdied.Mymotherwasmybestfriend.Aftershedied,Ifeltsolonely.TheonlypersonIwantedtotalktoaboutmygriefwasmymother.Theonlypersonwhocouldhelpmewastheonewhowasmissing,howevermuchloveandsupportpeoplegaveme.Mymothergavememanythingsbutaneducationincookerywasnotoneofthem.Shelikedeatingmorethancooking.Butshehadlearnedtocookwhenshewasateenagerandshehadsomebrilliantrecipes(食谱).Iknoweveryonesaysthis,butmymothermadethebestroastbeefdinnersintheworld.And,aboveall,fishpie!Almosteveryweek,shewouldbuyapreparedfishpie.Thenshewouldbringithomeandmakeherownwhitesauce(沙司).Mymothernevergotaroundtoteachingmehowtomakeawhitesauce—andInevergotaroundtoaskingher.Nowthatshewasgone,Iwouldhavetoteachmyself.Sothisbecamemyfocus.Forthefirstfewweeks,Imanagedtoliveoninstantfoods.Butonenight,afishpiemixcaughtmyeyeatthestore.WhenIgothome,Isetmyselfinfrontofourelectricstove.Armedwitharecipe,Itriedtoteachmyselftomakeawhitesauce.Halfwaythroughtherecipe,Icouldn’tbelieveit—I’dmadeawhitesauce!Onmyown!Icoulddothis!ThenIremembered:Ihadalwayshatedfishpie.Admiringmysauce,IwonderedwhyIwassocommittedtomakingadishIhadhatedfor25years.Whywasitsuddenlysoimportanttome?Ispoonedthesauceoverthefish.ThenIatethepie.Itwasdelicious.Moreimportantly,somethingstrangehadhappened.Theactofmakingamealhadcalmedme.Ithelpedmefindpeace.34.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A.Shedidn’tgetalongwellwithherhusband.B.Sherarelycalledhermotheronthephone.C.Shehadacloserelationshipwithhermother.D.Sheregrettednotvisitinghermotherthatday.35.Bydescribinghermother’scookery,theauthor________.A.expressedherwishtobeapersonlikehermotherB.complainedthathermotherdidn’tteachhertocookC.wantedtoshowhowgoodhermotherwasatcookingD.meanttotellwhatwasspecialaboutthewhitesauce36.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”referto?A.Livingalonelylife. B.Learningtocook.C.Livingoninstantfoods. D.Lookingbackontheolddays.37.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenshemadethewhitesauce?A.Sad. B.Peaceful.C.Dependent. D.Strange.【答案】34.C35.D36.B37.B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要叙述了自己和母亲关系很亲密，但母亲去世之后，作者一直很悲伤孤独。但是通过自学做成功了母亲擅长的白沙司之后，作者又感受到了平静与安宁。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Mymotherwasmybestfriend.Aftershedied,Ifeltsolonely.TheonlypersonIwantedtotalktoaboutmygriefwasmymother.Theonlypersonwhocouldhelpmewastheonewhowasmissing,howevermuchloveandsupportpeoplegaveme.”可知，作者和母亲是最好的朋友，母亲去世之后，作者感到很孤独，其它任何的爱与支持都不及从母亲那里得到。从而推断出，作者与母亲关系很亲密。故选C。【35题详解】推理判断题。作者描述母亲在烹饪方面才华横溢，尤其擅长做白沙司。但母亲从来没有教过作者，最终作者自学学会。所以作者通过描述她母亲的烹调技艺，想要说明白酱的特别之处，这是一种爱的传承，作者继承了母亲烹饪方面的天赋。故选D。【36题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文“Nowthatshewasgone,Iwouldhavetoteachmyself.（既然她去世了，我只好自学了。）”和后文“Forthefirstfewweeks,Imanagedtoliveoninstantfoods.（在最初的几个星期里，我设法以速食为生。）”从而可以猜测this指代“作者学习做饭”这件事。故选B。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后两段“Moreimportantly,somethingstrangehadhappened.Theactofmakingamealhadcalmedme.（更重要的是，奇怪的事情发生了。做饭的动作使我平静下来。）”和“Ithelpedmefindpeace.”（它帮助我找到平静。）”可知，当作者做白沙司时，作者感受到了平静与安宁。故选B。CMcDonalds,KFC,BurgerKing,JackintheBox...Thesefastfoodcompanieshavesomethingincommon.Canyouspotit?Besidesallbeingfastfoodchains,they’reallred.Andit’snotacoincidence.Colorisoneofthemanystrategiescompaniesusetoconnectwithcustomers.Andifswearingofffastfoodwasn’thardenough,thosecolorfulredlogosmightmakeitevenhardertoignore.Fastfoodcompaniesallusethecolorredheavilyintheirlogos.Why?Theanswergoesbackthousandsofyears.Theaveragehumancanseetenmillioncolors,butredisspecial.It’soneofthefirstcolorsourancientancestorsthoughtimportantenoughtoname.Inearlyhumanlanguages,therewerewordsfor“black!”and“white”and“red”butnotmuchelse.Infact,bluedidn’tshowupuntilthousandsofyearslaterin200A.D.Asaresult,wehaveadeeperconnectiontoredthananyothercoloronthespectrumandwereacttoitincertainwaysthatactuallyplaytofastfoodcompanies’advantage.Forstarters,researchershavefoundthatredcanbringasenseofurgencyintoourminds.Inadditiontothat,italsohasabornabilitytowhetourappetites.Andwhenyoupairthosetwotogetheryou’vegottheperfectrecipetoattracthungrycustomerswhowantfood,fastSothatredlogoisn’tjustawelcomingsign,it’saslyattractiontoyourbrain.Infact,redisoneofthefewcolorstodaythatculturesallovertheworldviewpositively.Andit’snowondercompaniesdedicatesomuchthoughttotheirlogos.Afterall,we’reavisualcreature.Despitehavingfivesenses,80%oftheinformationourbrainsprocessonadailybasiscomesfromoureyes.Colorsarewhatgivebrandsthatimpressivestampofrecognition.38.Whydofastfoodcompaniespreferthecolorred?A.Tohighlighttheimportanceofredinhumanhistory.B.Tohelpcustomersoutincaseofemergency.C.Towelcomeandfascinatecustomers.D.Tostandoutamongvariousbrands.39.Theunderlinedword“whet”inPara.4probablymeans“________”.A.lose B.affectC.increase D.exchange40.What’stheauthor’sattitudetoward“red”?A.Positive. B.Uncertain.C.Doubtful. D.Negative.41.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ColorPsychology:aFunStudyB.WhyAreSoManyFastFoodLogosRed?C.FoodCulture:aHealthyTrendD.WhyAreFastFoodCompaniesSoPopular?【答案】38.C39.C40.A41.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了为什么快餐店的大多数标识都是红色的。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Andwhenyoupairthosetwotogetheryou’vegottheperfectrecipetoattracthungrycustomerswhowantfood,fastSothatredlogoisn’tjustawelcomingsign,it’saslyattractiontoyourbrain.”可知，红色的标志不只是一个受欢迎的标志，而且还在悄悄诱惑着你的大脑，从而吸引顾客。故选C。【39题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第四段“Andwhenyoupairthosetwotogetheryou’vegottheperfectrecipetoattracthungrycustomerswhowantfood,fast.（当你把两者的结合完美，你就会吸引了快餐公司的理想客户——希望迅速得到食物的顾客。）”，所以说红色会增加食欲。从而猜测出whet为“增加、刺激”之意。故选C。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Infact,redisoneofthefewcolorstodaythatculturesallovertheworldviewpositively.（事实上，红色是现代少数几种被世界上各种文化视为积极的颜色之一。）”和“Colorsarewhatgivebrandsthatimpressivestampofrecognition.（品牌标志最让人印象深刻的是颜色。）”从而推断出，作者对红色的态度是肯定的。故选A。【41题详解】主旨大意题。本文解释了为什么快餐店的大多数标识都是红色的，对此研究人员进行了研究，原来红色的标志不只是一个受欢迎的标志，而且还在悄悄诱惑着你的大脑。商家正是抓住这些特点以吸引顾客。故选B。【点睛】阅读理解通常都会出现词义猜测题。设题时，常会考查生词或短语的词义判断题，要求考生从上下文理解中概括出生词或短语的词义。考生作此类题型时，首先要找到所猜测词所在文章的位置，然后在理解文章大意的基础之上，对此词前后句反复研读，最后根据前后句猜测出词义。例如小题2要求猜测出whet的含义，就是根据文章第四段“Andwhenyoupairthosetwotogetheryou’vegottheperfectrecipetoattracthungrycustomerswhowantfood,fast.（当你把两者的结合完美，你就会吸引了快餐公司的理想客户——希望迅速得到食物的顾客。）”，所以说红色会增加食欲。从而猜测出whet为“增加、刺激”之意。DPressyourfingersintothebackofyourhead,justaboveyourneck.Ifyoufeelasmallbonybump(突起),youwillfindevidenceofhumanevolution:itcouldbeyourbodyrespondingtocommonsmartphoneuseinthe21stcentury.Accordingtoarecentstudy,publishedinScientificReports,youngpeopleincreasinglyhavebonybumpsatthebaseoftheirskulls(颅骨)rightabovetheneck.Medicalprofessionalscallthemenlargedexternaloccipitalprotuberances(EEOPs,枕外隆突).AustralianhealthscientistDavidShahar,authorofthestudytoldtheBBCthatoverthepast10years,he’sseenmoreandmorepatientswithEEOPs.TogetherwithotherresearchersfromtheUniversityoftheSunshineCoast,Australia,theyexamined1200skullsx-raysfrompeopleaged18to30.Theyalsomeasuredthebumpsandnotedeachperson’sposture(坐姿).Theyfoundthatoneinfourpeoplehavedevelopedthesegrowths.Thisledtotheirtheorythatsmartphonesarethecause.Accordingtotheirresearch,lookingdownattheirphonesaddsthestressontothetopofourspines(脊柱).Topreventdamagetoourspines,Shaharbelievesourbodiesaddfreshbonybumpstohelpreducetheextrastress.MostoftheEEOPsmeasureajustafewmillimeters.However,severalsubjectswerefoundwithEEOPsaslargeas30mm.InhisreportShaharsaidtheresults“highlightedtheneed”forprevention.Inotherwords,weneedtochangeourposturewhileusingourphones.Manypeopleassumeourbonesaresolidandareunmovingoncewereachadulthood.Inreality,theyarealiveandcoveredwithbloodvessels(血管),whichallowsthemtodevelopinuniquewaysforeachperson.AsidefromEEOPs,othernoticeablerecentchangesinhumanbodiesincludesmallerjaws,elbowsandskeletons(骨格).Thehumanbodyischangingwithmodernlife.Sowhoknowswhatpeopleinthefuturemightlooklike?42.WhatdidtherecentstudyfindaboutEEPOs?A.Theygrowonone’sneck.B.Theycouldleadtomanymentalproblems.C.Theyincreasinglyoccuramongyoungpeople.D.Theymaystopgrowingwhentheyreach30.43.WhatisthemaincauseofEEPOs?A.Geneproblems. B.Cellphoneuse.C.Bloodvessels. D.Extrastress.44.WhichofthefollowingwouldShaharprobablyagreewith?A.EEPOsincreasethestressonourspines.B.Youngpeople’sbonesdevelopinsimilarways.C.EEPOsareactuallybeneficialtoourspines.D.Youngpeopleshouldexercisetoimprovetheirposture.45.What’sthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Topersuadereaderstoprotecttheirspines.B.Torecommendsomehealthyhabitsofusingphones.C.Toshowsomerecentchangesinhumanbodies.D.ToexplainwhyhumanbodiesdevelopEEPOs.【答案】42.C43.B44.C45.D【解析】本文是一篇科普说明文。研究发现，由于年轻人经常低头看手机，导致了越来越多的年轻人颅骨底部和脖子的上方有一块骨头突起，医学上被称为枕外隆突。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“TogetherwithotherresearchersfromtheUniversityoftheSunshineCoast,Australia,theyexamined1200skullsx-raysfrompeopleaged18to30.”可知，研究人员对年龄在18岁到30岁之间的人的1200个头骨进行了x光检查。所以枕外隆突越来越多地出现在年轻人中。故选C。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Thisledtotheirtheorythatsmartphonesarethecause.”可知，智能手机的使用是枕外隆突的主要原因。故选B。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Accordingtotheirresearch,lookingdownattheirphonesaddsthestressontothetopofourspines(脊柱).Topreventdamagetoourspines,Shaharbelievesourbodiesaddfreshbonybumpstohelpreducetheextrastress.”可知，看着手机添加了我们的脊柱压力。Shahar认为我们的身体会增加新的骨块来帮助减少额外的压力。所以说Shahar认为枕外隆突实际