黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高一英语试题考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhendidFrankgethisdriver'slicense?A.Lastweek.B.Lastmonth.C.Lastyear.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.Intheclassroom.B.Inthecinema.C.Inthehospital.3.Whatdon'tMary'sparentsallowhertodo?A.Chooseherclothes.B.Getherearspierced.C.Gooutwithherfriends.4.WhatdoesJack'shairlooklikenow?A.Short.B.Beautiful.C.Long.5.Howlongwasthewomanlateforclassthismorning?A.Twentyminutes.B.Fifteenminutes.C.Tenminutes.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatwouldthewomandoifshesawabigtrafficaccident?A.Shewouldrunaway.B.Shewouldcallthepolice.C.Shewouldpretendshedidn'tseeit.7.Wherewouldthewomanflyfirstifshecouldflyanywhereintheworld?ALondon.B.NewYork.C.Paris.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whomakesthephonecall?A.John.B.Mike.C.Sarah.9.Whatisthewoman'stelephonenumber?A.674-9801.B.674-5801.C.674-9811.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whichbuscanthewomantake?A.No.15.B.No.12.C.No.125.11.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthecity?A.Big.B.Bad.C.Rich.12.WhydoesthewomanwanttogototheWaterTown?A.Becauseshelikesitverymuch.B.Becausesheisgoodatswimming.C.Becauseherdaughterlikesitverymuch.听第9段材料，回答第13至第16题。13.What'sthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers.B.Husbandandwife.C.Fatheranddaughter.14.Whatwasthewomandoingwhenthemansawher?A.Doingherhair.B.Lookingoutside.C.Talkingonthephone.15.Whatdidthemando?A.Hecalledthepolice.B.Hetalkedwiththewoman'sfather.C.Hetookawaythewoman'sinsurancecard.16.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hewasstupid.B.Hewasangry.C.Hewasfrightened.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatwasthemainreasonforpeopletohavedogsinthepast?A.Tohelpthemwork.B.Tomakemoney.C.Tokeepthemsafe.18.Whatdoyoungpeoplethinkofdogsnow?A.Theyregarddogsastheirfriends.B.Dogsaretheirchildren.C.Dogshelpthemwitheverything.19.Whatisadogforachild?A.Asmartteacher.B.Aplayingpartner.C.Ahelpfulbrother.20.Whydooldpeoplekeepdogs?A.Theyregarddogsastheirchildren.B.Dogscanplaywiththem.C.Dogsmakethemfeelsafer.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHi,I'mAmanda!IwasaskedtosharemoreaboutmyexperienceasanonlinestudentofVirtualHighSchooltogiveyouabetterideaofwhatit'slike,oratleastwhatitwaslikeforme.UsuallyIwasworkingonfourcoursesatatime,justasifIwereinabrick-and-mortarhighschool.Butunlikestudentsinabrick-and-mortarschool,Ididnotworkforasetamountoftimeeachday.SometimesIwouldspendthewholedayonEnglish,andonanotherIwouldstudyamongallfour,dependingonhowfocusedIwasorwhatIfeltmotivatedtodo.Ilovedskatingduringmyhighschoolyears,bothasacompetitorandacoach.Belowisanexampleofwhatatypicaldaywaslikeforme.6:00am—8:00am:Skating9:00am—10:30am:ReadcontentforEnglish10:30am—10:45am:Break(usuallyawalkoutside,catchingupwithfriends,etc.)10:45am—12:00pm:BeginbrainstorminganddoprimaryresearchforEnglishassignments12:00pm—12:30pm:Lunch12:30pm—3:30pm:Readcontentformaths,workthroughexercises,startamathsassignment4:00pm—7:00pm:SkatingandcoachingAcommonquestionIwouldgetwas,“Doyouspendalotoftimeinfrontofthecomputertodothecourses?”Theansweris“yes”.Itisanonlineschool,afterall.Thatdoesnotmeanthatyouaretiedtoadesk,however.Likestudentsinbrick-and-mortarschools,ItooknotesbyhandsothatIwasn’talwaystypingorlookingatascreen.IoftenwenttothelibrarytofindbooksformyresearchandEnglishcourses.1.HowmanycoursesdidAmandahave?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.2.WhendidAmandastudymathsaccordingtotheexampleofatypicalday?A.Between10:45amand12:00pm. B.Between12:30pmand3:30pm.C.Between12:00pmand2:30pm. D.Between3:30pmand7:00pm.3.WhatdidAmandaalwaysdoasanonlinestudent?A.Shewrotedownnotesbyhand. B.ShewroteonlineEnglishbooks.C.Shetookclassesinthelibrary. D.Shetookhernotesbytyping.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要内容是上网课的Amanda分享自己上网课的经历，她列出了她日常学习一天的时间安排情况以及她对在线学习的一些看法和个人习惯。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“SometimesIwouldspendthewholedayonEnglish,andonanotherIwouldstudyamongallfour,dependingonhowfocusedIwasorwhatIfeltmotivatedtodo.(有时我会花一整天的时间学习英语，另一天我会根据我的专注程度或者我觉得有动力去做什么来学习这四门课程中的一门)”可知，阿曼达上了四门课。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“12:30pm—3:30pm:Readcontentformaths,workthroughexercises,startamathsassignment4:00pm—7:00pm:Skatingandcoaching(下午12:30——下午3:30：阅读数学内容，做练习，开始数学作业)”可知，阿曼达下午12:30到3:30学习数学。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Likestudentsinbrick-and-mortarschools,ItooknotesbyhandsothatIwasn'talwaystypingorlookingatascreen.(像实体学校的学生一样，我用手记笔记，这样我就不用总是打字或盯着屏幕了)”可知，作为一名上网课的学生，阿曼达总是手写笔记。故选A。BItfeelslikeeverytimemymotherandIstarttohaveaconversation,itturnsintoanargument.WetalkaboutsomethingassimpleasdinnerplansandsuddenlymymotherwillpushtheconversationintotheThirdWorldWar.She’lltalkaboutmylackofbrightfuturebecauseIdon’tplantobeadoctor.Andmuchtoherdisappointment,Idon’twanttodoanyjobrelatedtoscience,either.Infact,whenIwaspushedtosaythatIplannedtomajorinEnglish,shenearlyhadaheartattack.“Whycan’tyoubelikemyco-worker’sson?”sheshoutsallthetime.Herco-worker’ssonreceivedafour-yearscholarshipandisnowearning70,000dollarsayearasanengineer.Idon’tknowwhattosayexceptthatIsimplycan’tbelikeMr.PerfectasI’vecalledtheunnamedco-worker’sson.Ican’tbelikehim.Iamthetypeofthepersonwholovestohelpoutinthecommunity,writeuntilthesungoesdown,andmostofall,wantstoachievesomethingbecauseoflovingit,notbecauseoffameorsalary.Iunderstandwhymymotherisworriedaboutmyfuturemajor.I’veseenmymotherstruggle(艰难)toraisemeonhersmallsalaryandworklonghours.Sheleavesthehousearound6:30amandusuallycomesbackhomearound5:00pmoreven6:00pm.However,Iwanthertoknowthatbybecomingadoctor,itdoesn’tmeanI’llbesuccessful.I’dratherfollowmydreamsandcreatemyownfuture.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph1mean?A.Theauthor’smotherarguedaboutsomethingangrilywithhim.B.Theauthor’smotherexpresseddifferentopinionsonthewar.C.Theauthor’smotherlikedtalkingwithhimbutgotangryeasily.D.Theauthor’smotherquitedisagreedaboutwhattoeatfordinner.5.Whydoestheauthor’smothermentionherco-worker’sson?A.Totelltheauthortolearnashardashecan. B.Topersuadetheauthortobecomeadoctor.C.Toencouragetheauthortoreceiveascholarship. D.Toasktheauthortoearnmuchmoremoney.6.Whatmakestheauthor’smotherworriedabouthismajor?A.Herplansforfuture. B.Herneedtocontrol.C.Herstrugglewithlife. D.Herpoorknowledge.7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Theauthorwillbecomeanengineerashismotherwishes.B.Beingascientistissuretoearnhighfameandsalary.C.TheauthorshowslittleinterestinlearningEnglish.D.Theauthormaychoosemajoraccordingtohisinterest.【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者和母亲就作者未来的工作选择发生了分歧，作者不想成为医生，母亲则认为作者应该像自己的同事的儿子一样服从家里的安排，作者则想根据自己的兴趣选择专业。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文ItfeelslikeeverytimemymotherandIstarttohaveaconversation,itturnsintoanargument.可知感觉好像每次我和妈妈开始交谈，就会变成争吵。由此可知，作者和母亲只谈晚餐计划这么简单的事情，也会和母亲开始争论某一件事情。即划线句子的意思为“作者的母亲生气地和作者争论了一件事”。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中She’lltalkaboutmylackofbrightfuturebecauseIdon’tplantobeadoctor.可知她会谈论我缺乏光明的未来，因为我不打算成为一名医生。以及第二段中“Whycan’tyoubelikemyco-worker’sson?”sheshoutsallthetime.Herco-worker’ssonreceivedafour-yearscholarshipandisnowearning70,000dollarsayearasanengineer.可知“你为什么不能像我同事的儿子那样呢？”她一直在喊。她同事的儿子获得了四年的奖学金，现在作为工程师每年能挣7万美元。由此可推知，作者的母亲想让作者成为一名医生，像她同事的儿子那样服从家里的安排，所以提到同事的儿子是为了说服作者成为一名医生。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Iunderstandwhymymotherisworriedaboutmyfuturemajor.I’veseenmymotherstruggle(艰难)toraisemeonhersmallsalaryandworklonghours.可知我理解妈妈为什么担心我未来的专业。我看到我的母亲挣扎着用她微薄的薪水和长时间的工作来养活我。由此可知，是母亲挣扎着生活让她担心作者的专业选择。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中Ican’tbelikehim.Iamthetypeofthepersonwholovestohelpoutinthecommunity,writeuntilthesungoesdown,andmostofall,wantstoachievesomethingbecauseoflovingit,notbecauseoffameorsalary.可知我不能像他那样。我是那种喜欢在社区里帮忙的人，写作直到太阳下山，最重要的是，我想做一些事情是因为热爱它，而不是因为名气或薪水。最后一段中I’dratherfollowmydreamsandcreatemyownfuture.可知我宁愿追随自己的梦想，创造自己的未来。由此可推知，作者可能会根据自己的兴趣选择专业。故选D。CEnglishspellinghasbeenchangingforoverathousandyearsandthespellingdifficultieswehavetodayistheresultofmanydifferentthingsthathavetakenplaceoverthistime.ItwasatrickybeginningforEnglishspelling.Quitesimply,the23-letterRomanalphabethasneverbeenenough—evenOldEnglish(spoken450-1150)hadabout35sounds,andthenumberisnowevenbigger.ButtheEnglishspellingwasandstillisbasedontheRomanalphabet.MorespellingproblemscameinwhentheFrenchintroducednewspellingrules—theirownofcourse?andnotalwayshelpful.Using“c”insteadof“s”forwordslikecitywasconfusingbecause“c”alsosounds“k”inwordslikecat.Andthenprintingarrivedinthe15thcentury—andwithitmoremess(混乱).WilliamCaxton(whosetuptheprintingmachinesinthefirstplace)likedDutchspellingsandsoheintroducedthe“gh”inghostandghastly.SomeprinterswereEuropeansandtheyintroducedfavouritespellingstoofromtheirownlanguages.Suchspellingruleswerenothelpfuleither!OneofthebiggestproblemsforEnglishspellinghasalwaysbeenchangesinpronunciation.Printinghelpedtostablise(使……稳定……)thespellingofwords,butthensomesoundschangedtheirshape?andothersevendisappearedaltogether.Thinkofthosesilentlettersinwordssuchaswalk,through,write,right,know—thesewereoncepronounced.Manysilentlettersappearedjustbecausesomefamousbusybodieswantedtomakethelanguagelookmorebeautiful.Thiscausedseriousmess.Let’stakerhymeasanexample.ItcamefromtheFrenchwordrime.Butitwaschangedtorhymetogiveitanicerlook.Itwasaninterestingidea,buthardlyhelpfulforsomeonetryingtospelltheword!The16thand17thcenturiessawmanyextralettersintroducedinthisway.Alltheseeventsleadtothemessyspellingsystemwehavetoday.Butyouknow,thereareinfactover80%ofwordsspelledaccordingtoregularrules.8.HowmanylettersarethereintheRomanalphabet?A.23. B.26. C.35. D.48.9.WhichwordismostprobablyspeltaccordingtotheFrenchrules?A.Sit. B.Cycle. C.Calm. D.Knee.10.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Soundchanges. B.Silentletters.C.Borrowedspellingrules. D.Printingmistakes.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.Tocallforamuchsimplerspelling.B.Totellhowtorecognizeforeignwords.C.ToexplainwhyEnglishspellingissodifficult.D.Toshowhowtopronouncedifficultwords.【答案】8.A9.B10.A11.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者通过本文的描述来解释为什么英语拼写这么难。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Quitesimply,the23-letterRomanalphabethasneverbeenenough(很简单，只有23个字母的罗马字母是远远不够的)”可知，罗马字母有23个。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Using“c”insteadof“s”forwordslikecitywasconfusingbecause“c”alsosounds“k”inwordslikecat.(用“c”而不是“s”来表示“city”会让人感到困惑，因为“c”在“cat”这样的单词中也会发“k”的音)”可知，根据法语拼读规则，字母c应该是是发“s”音，结合选项可知，单词cycle中，字母c发音是“s”。故选B。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段主旨句“OneofthebiggestproblemsforEnglishspellinghasalwaysbeenchangesinpronunciation.(英语拼写的最大问题之一一直是发音的变化)”可知，本段主要英语拼写上发音的改变。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。阅读文章内容，并根据第一段“Englishspellinghasbeenchangingforoverathousandyearsandthespellingdifficultieswehavetodayistheresultofmanydifferentthingsthathavetakenplaceoverthistime.(英语的拼写已经发生了一千多年的变化，我们今天的拼写困难是这个时期发生的许多不同事情的结果)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是来解释为什么英语拼写这么难。故选C。DTheendangeredpandasinQinlingMountainsmightfaceanewthreat(威胁):thelossoftheirfood,bamboo,whichmakesup99%oftheirmeals.Adultpandasspendmostpartofthedayeatingbambooandhavetotakeinatleast40poundsadaytostayhealthy.However,anewstudypublishedinNatureandClimateChangewarnedthattheymaysoonfindtheirfoodgonebecausemostofthebambooinQinlingMountainsmightdisappearbytheendofthecenturyasaresultofrisingtemperatureworldwide.AteammadeupofresearchersfromMichiganStateUniversityandtheChineseAcademyofScienceshasstudiedtheeffectsofclimatechangeonthebambooinQinlingMountains.Theyhavefoundthatbambooisverysensitivetoclimatechanges.“80%to100%ofthebamboowouldbegoneiftheaveragetemperatureincreases3.5degreesworldwidebytheendofthecentury.”saidLiuJianguo,oneofthereport’sauthors.Headded,“Thisishowmuchthetemperaturewouldriseby2100evenifallcountrieswillkeeptheirpromisesintheParisAgreement.Butyouknowwhatishappeningaroundtheworld.”Inrecentyears,Chinahasbeentryingitsbesttoprotecttheendangeredpandasbysettingupmoreandbiggernaturalreserves.“Butitisfarfrombeingenoughandtheendangeredpandasneedcooperationfromtherestoftheworld,becausetheirfutureisnotjustinthehandsoftheChinese,”saidShirleyMartinfromWorldWildlifeFundbutnotamemberoftheteam.TheQinlingMountains,inthesouthwestofChina,arehometoabout260pandas.Thatisabout13%oftheChina’swildpandapopulation.Inaddition,about375arelivinginresearchcentersandzoosinChina.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.LotsofthebambooinQinlingMountainswillprobablydisappear.B.QinlingMountainscannotprovideenoughbambooforthepandas.C.PandasinQinlingMountainsarejustthreatenedbythelossoffood.D.Pandashavealreadyeaten99%ofthebambooinQinlingMountains.13.WhatdoesLiuJianguomean?A.ChinaneedsmorehelpfromWorldWildlifeFund.B.Bambooissensitivetothechangesoftemperature.C.Chinaismakinggreateffortstoprotectthepandas.D.Itisdifficulttocontrolthetemperaturerisewithin3.5℃.14.HowmanywildpandasarethereinChina?A.About260. B.About635.C.About2,000. D.About2,635.15.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheDisappearanceofBamboo B.NecessitytoChangePandas’FoodC.EffortsMadetoSavePandas D.ANewThreatFacedbythePandas【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了生活在秦岭一带的大熊猫将面临一个新的生存危机：耐以生存的竹子会因为全球温度升高而灭绝。【12题详解】细节理解题。从第一段中TheendangeredpandasinQinlingMountainsmightfaceanewthreat(威胁):thelossoftheirfood,bamboo,whichmakesup99%oftheirmeals.(濒临灭绝的大熊猫在秦岭山脉可能面临一个新的威胁:他们会失去以之生存的竹子。)可知，大熊猫耐以生存的竹子快没有了。A.LotsofthebambooinQinlingMountainswillprobablydisappear.(秦岭的许多竹子可能会消失。)符合题意。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。从第四段Headded,“Thisishowmuchthetemperaturewouldriseby2100evenifallcountrieswillkeeptheirpromisesintheParisAgreement.Butyouknowwhatishappeningaroundtheworld.”(他补充说，“这是到2100年气温将上升的值，即使所有国家都将遵守他们在巴黎协议中的承诺。”但你知道世界各地正在发生什么。”)可知，即使所有国家都在努力，但到2100年，全球气温也将上升3.5度。D.Itisdifficulttocontrolthetemperaturerisewithin3.5℃.(很难将温升控制在3.5℃以内。)符合题意。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。从最后一段TheQinlingMountains,inthesouthwestofChina,arehometoabout260pandas.Thatisabout13%oftheChina’swildpandapopulation.(位于中国西南部的秦岭是约260只大熊猫的家园。这相当于中国野生大熊猫总数的13%。)可是，260÷0.13=2000，所以中国野生大熊猫总数约为2000只。故选C项.【15题详解】主旨大意题。从第一段TheendangeredpandasinQinlingMountainsmightfaceanewthreat(威胁):thelossoftheirfood,bamboo,whichmakesup99%oftheirmeals.(濒临灭绝的大熊猫在秦岭山脉可能面临一个新的威胁:他们会失去以之生存的竹子。)开篇就表明主题，大熊猫面临着新的挑战，耐以生存的竹子快没有了。D.ANewThreatFacedbythePandas.(大熊猫面临的新威胁。)符合题意。故选D项。第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whatwillyoueatforlunchtoday?Insomecountrieslunchtimeoftenmeanssouptime!Therearemanykindsofsoupsservedaroundtheworld.___16___Someareasthickasstews.Othersarefullofnoodles!Soupisjustonethingthatcanbeeatenforlunch,whatyoueatforlunchmaybedifferentfromthelunchofsomeonewholivesinanothercountry.Let'stakealookaroundtheworldtoseewhatkidsareeatingforlunch.MexicoManychildreninMexicoeattortillasforlunch.Mosttortillasaremadefromgroundcorn,butsometimeswheatisused.Tortillasareusuallyflatandround.___17___Tacoshellsaremadefromcorntortillasandfilledwithbeansormeat.Tastysaucesareoftenaddedtotacos.Thesesaucesaremadefromtomatoes,onions,hotpeppersandspices.Russia____18____Maybethat'swhymanyRussianchildreneatsoupforlunch.Twooftheirfavoritesarecabbagesoupandbeetsoup.ManyRussiansoupsalsoincludepotatoes.PotatoesareanimportantcropinRussia.___19___Eatingthicksoupscanhelpkeeppeoplewarmandcanfillthemup,sohungerisnoproblem!SouthKoreaMealsinKoreaaremadeupofmanydishes.Nomatterwhatelseisserved,thereisalwaysrice.Kimchiisalsoalwaysonthetable.____20____Koreanchildrenmixtogethermanydishesandflavorsatmeals.It'scommonfortheirfoodtobehotandspicy.A.Buttheycanalsobemadeintoothershapes.B.Therearemanywaystoservenoodles.C.WintersinRussiaareverycold.D.Someareasthinandclearaswater.E.Itispickled（腌制的）meatorvegetables.F.MostRussianpeopledislikesoup.G.Theymakesoupsthick.【答案】16.D17.A18.C19.G20.E【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了墨西哥、俄罗斯和韩国这三个国家各自不同的午餐食物。【16题详解】根据上文“Therearemanykindsofsoupsservedaroundtheworld.（世界上有很多种汤。）”起概括作用，下文“Someareasthickasstews.（有些浓得像炖肉。）”可知，写的是汤的一个种类。D项中some是关键词，与下文的some是并列关系，都指代汤，且D项Someareasthinandclearaswater.（有些像水一样稀薄清澈。）也是汤的一个种类。符合上下文语境。故选D项。【17题详解】根据上文“Tortillasareusuallyflatandround.（玉米饼通常是又平又圆的。）”可知，说明了玉米饼的一般形状。A选项中Buttheycanalsobemadeintoothershapes.（但它们也可以被做成其他形状。）是对于特殊情况下玉米饼的形状的说明，是对上文的补充，符合文意。故选A项。【18题详解】根据下文“Maybethat'swhymanyRussianchildreneatsoupforlunch.（也许这就是许多俄罗斯儿童午餐喝汤的原因。）”与空处为因果关系。后文“Eatingthicksoupscanhelpkeeppeoplewarmandcanfillthemup,sohungerisnoproblem!（喝浓汤可以保暖，还能填饱肚子，所以饥饿是没有问题的!）”间接说明了俄罗斯的寒冷，结合地理知识也可知，俄罗斯很冷，也说明喝汤尤其是浓汤可以保暖。所以C项WintersinRussiaareverycold.（俄罗斯的冬天很冷。）讲述的是俄罗斯的气候，符合下文文意。故选C项。【19题详解】根据上文“PotatoesareanimportantcropinRussia.（土豆是俄罗斯的一种重要作物。）”可知，说明土豆重要性，由下文“Eatingthicksoupscanhelpkeeppeoplewarmandcanfillthemup,sohungerisnoproblem!（喝浓汤可以保暖，还能填饱肚子，所以不存在饥饿的问题!）”可知，喝浓汤可以保暖填饱肚子，因此填空处是土豆对于浓汤的效果进行说明。G选项Theymakesoupsthick.（它们使汤变浓。）此处They指代土豆，符合上下文语境。故选G项。【20题详解】根据上文“Kimchiisalsoalwaysonthetable.（泡菜也总是在餐桌上。）”可知，说明泡菜对于韩国人的重要性。E选项Itispickledmeatorvegetables.（它是腌制的肉或蔬菜。）此处解释说明泡菜是什么，E项中的It指代的就是泡菜，符合上文语境。故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Justfivemonthsearlier,IwouldneverhavethoughtthatIwouldactinaplayinfrontofsomanypeople.Withouttheencouragementofmy___21___,Mrs.Sather,Imightneverhavefoundthatcourage.Iwasanextremely____22____girl.Itjustwasn’tinmypersonalitytomakeasoundinpublic.Iusedto___23___myselfinmywriting.Mrs.Satheralsoencouragedmetowritemore.Ithinkshewasoneofthefirstpeopletoseemyreal___24___andknowhowtohelpme.Oneday,shetoldusthatweweregoingto___25___aplay?TheWizardofOz.“IneedsomeonetoplaytheleadpartofDorothy,"shesaid.Alotofhandsshotup.___26___,ofcourse,wasnotoneofthem.Afterschool,Mrs.Sathersaidtome,“Dallas,Iwas___27___youdidn’traiseyourhand.You’regreatatmemorizingthings,andyouhavesuchasweetpersonality.I’msureyouare___28___forDorothy!IhaveyouinmindforDorothyandwantyoutowritetheplay?too!Ifyou___29___don’twantto,though,Iwon’tmakeyou.It’syour____30____.”Encouragedbyher____31____,IsuddenlywantedtoseewhatIreallycoulddo.I____32____therole.Afterfivemonthsofpracticing,linememorizing,andcostume(表演服)designing,wewere_____33_____Attheendoftheplay,whenmyteacherandmyclassmatesstoodupand____34____,Iknewtheywerenotjustcongratulatingformyperformance(演出)thatnightbutforthesuccessthattheyknewwouldcomeinlateryearsbecauseofmynewlyfound_____35_____.21.A.friend B.teacher C.mother D.classmate22.A.shy B.weak C.clever D.pretty23.A.put B.take C.hide D.turn24.A.problem B.goal C.challenge D.advantage25A.puton B.makeup C.putup D.focuson26.A.Ours B.Hers C.Mine D.Theirs27.A.excited B.happy C.afraid D.surprised28.A.anxious B.sweet C.perfect D.awkward29.A.officially B.really C.finally D.obviously30.A.turn B.choice C.luck D.responsibility31.A.words B.stories C.adventures D.lectures32.A.created B.played C.accepted D.remembered33.A.ready B.successful C.famous D.careful34.A.left B.struggled C.cried D.cheered35.A.skill B.confidence C.interest D.hobby【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.A25.A26.C27.D28.C29.B30.B31.A32.C33.A34.D35.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了善于写作但不善言谈的作者在老师的鼓励下，历经5个月的准备，在表演剧《绿野仙踪》中成功担任主演的经历。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有我的老师Mrs.Sather的鼓励，我不可能有那个勇气。A.friend朋友；B.teacher老师；C.mother母亲；D.classmate同学。根据最后一段中的“myteacher”可知，Mrs.Sather是我的老师。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是一个极其害羞女孩。A.shy害羞的；B.weak虚弱的；C.clever聪明的；D.pretty漂亮的。根据下一句“Itjustwasn'tinmypersonalitytomakeasoundinpublic.”（在公众前发言讲话不是我的个性）可知，我个性害羞。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我过去经常把自已隐藏在写作中。A.put放；B.take拿；C.hide躲藏；D.turn转向。根据前文可知，我个性害羞不敢在公众前讲话，自已只在写作中表达个人想法。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为她是其中一个首先发现我的问题而且知道如何帮助我的人。A.problem问题；B.goal目标；C.challenge挑战；D.advantage优点。根据前文可知，我个性内向不敢在公众前讲话，这是一个需要解决的问题，下文讲的是老师如何帮助我解决这问题。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天，她说我们将演一个表演剧。A.puton上演；B.makeup弥补，编；C.putup举起；D.focuson集中于。根据句中的“aplay”可知，她们将演一个剧本，用动词短语puton“上演”。故选A。26题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：当然，我的手不在那些举起的手当中。A.Ours我们的；B.Hers她的；C.Mine我的；D.Theirs他们的。根据下文老师说“我很惊讶你没有举手。”可知，我当时手没举起，此处名词性物主代词mine=myhand。故选C。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶你没有举手。A.excited兴奋的；B.happy开心的；C.afraid害怕的；D.surprised惊讶的。根据下文老师鼓励的话语可知，我没举手使她感到很惊讶。故选D。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我确信你是演Dorothy的完美人选。A.anxious焦虑的；B.sweet甜美的；C.perfect完美的；D.awkward尴尬的。根据下一句“IhaveyouinmindforDorothyandwantyoutowritetheplay”（我想让你演Dorothy这个角色）可知，老师认为我是饰演这个角色的最佳人选。故选C。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你真的不想，我不会勉强你去做的。这是你的选择。A.officially正式地；B.really真正地；C.finally最后地；D.obviously明显地。根据后面“我不会勉强你去做的。这是你的选择。”可知，老师在征求我的个人意愿，如果我真的不想，她不会勉强我。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你真的不想，我不会勉强你去做的。这是你的选择。A.turn转向；B.choice选择；C.luck运气；D.responsibility责任。根据前一句“如果你真的不想，我不会勉强你去做的。”可知，老师尊重我个人的选择，故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她的话的鼓励下，我突然想看看我真的能做什么。A.words话；B.stories故事；C.adventures冒险；D.lectures演讲。根据前面老师说的话可知，我受到她的话的鼓励。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我接受了这个角色。A.created创造；B.played表演；C.accepted接受；D.remembered记住。根据前面老师的鼓励以及下面我5个月的准备可知，我接受了这个角色。故选C。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经过5个月的练习、背台词和表演服设计，我们已经准备好了。A.ready准备好的；B.successful成功的；C.famous著名的；D.careful细心的。根据下文的成功可知，我们已经准备好出。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：还是在以后的日子里我会取得的成功，因为我新找到了自信。A.left留下；B.struggled奋斗；C.cried哭喊；D.cheered欢呼。根据空格后的“success”可知，表演成功后，他们为我欢呼。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：表演结束，当我老师和同学们起立欢呼时，我知道那个晚上他们祝贺的不仅是我的演出，还是在以后的日子里我会取得的成功，因为我新找到了自信。A.skill技能；B.confidence自信；C.interest兴趣；D.hobby嗜好。根据前文所提“我个性害羞”可知，我找到了在大众面前说话的自信心和勇气，与首段最后一词“courage”相呼应。故选B。【点睛】

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Oneofthebestthingsaboutaphotographeristhatyoucanobserveanimalsintheir___36___(nature)environment.Ireallyenjoyworkingoutsideinthewild.IliketotakephotosinYellowstoneNationalParkbest.Beingfamous____37____thevarietyofitswildlife,itisprobablybestknownforitsbears,___38___canrunveryfastandalsoswimperfectly.Lastspring,aftersteppingoutofadarkforest,Iwas____39____(shock)toseethebreathtakingview.WhileIwasconcentratingonphotographingtheamazingscene?I___40___(sudden)feltIwasbeingwatched.Iturnedslowlyand___41___(find)abearonlymetresawayfromme,staringatme.Mylegsstartedshaking.Somehow,Iforcedmyfinger____42____(press)thebutton.Luckily,asecondlater,thebearturned____43____ranbackintotheforest.AndIhada___44___(frighten)butmagicalexperience!Isometimeslookatthesephotos?andtheyserveasa_____45_____(remind)toshowrespecttoallanimals.【答案】36.natural37.for38.which39.shocked40.suddenly41.found42.topress43.and44.frightening45.reminder【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为摄影师在黄石国家公园拍照美景时遇到熊并拍照的经历，照片提醒人们要尊重所有的动物。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：摄影师最棒的事情之一就是你可以在自然环境中观察动物。此处修饰名词“environment”，应用形容词形式。故填natural。【37题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：它以野生动物的多样性而闻名，最著名的可能是它的熊，它们跑得非常快，游泳也很完美。分析句子可知，此处表示“因……而著名”应用“befamousfor”，是固定搭配。故填for。【38题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：它以野生动物的多样性而闻名，最著名的可能是它的熊，它们跑得非常快，游泳也很完美。分析句子可知，此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“bears”，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。【39题详解】考查形容词。句意：去年春天，走出黑暗的森林后，我震惊地看到了令人惊叹的景色。分析句子可知，此处位于系动词“was”后面，应用形容词作表语；主语为人，指人的感受，表示“我感到震惊”，应用shocked。故填shocked。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：我突然感到有人在监视我。此处修饰动词“felt”，应用副词形式。故填suddenly。【41题详解】考查时态。句意：我慢慢转过身，发现一只熊离我只有几米远，正盯着我看。根据句中“turned”可知，此句描述过去的状况，应用一般过去时。故填found。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不知怎么地，我用力按下了按钮。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词，且“forcesbtodosth”意为“强迫某人做某事”，是固定搭配。故填topress。【43题详解】考查连词。句意：幸运的是，一秒钟后，熊转身跑回了森林。分析句子可知，此处连接两个顺承的动作“turned”和“ranbackintotheforest”，表示“转身跑回了森林”，应用连词“and”.，故填and。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：我有一个可怕而又神奇的经历！修饰名词“experience”应用形容词；此处修饰物，表示“令人害怕的”，应用“frightening”。故填frightening。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：它们提醒人们要尊重所有的动物。分析句子可知，此处位于“serveas”后面，且有不定冠词“a”修饰，应用名词作宾语。故填reminder。第四部分语言知识综合运用(共两节，满分25分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词的适当形式。46.Theycompletely_____________(忽视)thesefactslasttime.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】ignored【解析】【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：上次他们完全忽略了这些事实。分析句子可知，句中缺少谓语动词，根据时间状语lasttime可知，用一般过去时。根据汉语提示及句意，故填ignored。47.Failurecanmakeap____________contributiontoyourlifeifyoulearntomakeuseofit.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】positive【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果你学会利用失败，失败可以对你的人生有积极的贡献。