英语高考模拟卷-上海市育培高中2023届自招高考模拟卷英语试题及答案

上海市育培高中2023届自招高考模拟英语试题考生注意：1.考试时间100分钟,试卷总分值120分。2.本试卷设试卷和答题卷两局部。试卷分为第I卷和第II卷。所有答案必须涂〔选择题〕或写〔非选择题〕在答题卷上，做在试卷上一律不得分。3.答题前，务必在答题卷纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect. Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,

useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.(A)DanielAnderson,afamouspsychologist,believesit’simportanttodistinguishtelevision’sinfluencesonchildrenfromthoseofthefamily.WetendtoblameTV___(25)____problemsitdoesn’treallycause,overlookingourownrolesinshapingchildren’sminds.Onetraditionalbeliefabouttelevisionisthatitreducesachild’sability___(26)____(understand)theworld.WhilewatchingTV,childrendonotmerelyabsorbwordsandimages(影像).___(27)______,theylearnbothexplicitandhiddenmeaningsfromwhattheysee.Actually,childrenlearnearlythepsychologyofcharactersinTVshows.Furthermore,asmanyteachersagree,childrenunderstandfarmorewhenparentswatchTVwiththem,explainingnewwordsandideas.Yet,mostparentsuseaneducationalprogramasachancetoparktheirkidsinfrontofthesetanddosomethinginanotherroom.__(28)___argumentagainsttelevisionisthatitreplacesreadingas__29_____formofentertainment.ButaccordingtoAnderson,theamountoftimespentwatchingtelevisionisnotrelatedtoreadingability.TVdoesn’ttaketheplaceofreadingformostchildren;ittakestheplaceofsimilarsortsofrecreation,suchaslisteningtotheradioandplayingsports.Thingslikeparents’educationalbackgroundhaveastrongerinfluenceonachild’sreading.“Achild’sreadingabilityisbestpredictedbyhowmuchaparentreads.〞Andersonsays.Traditionalwisdomalsohasitthatheavytelevision-watching___30___(lower)IQ(智商)scoresandaffectsschoolperformance.Buthere,too,Andersonnotes___31_____nostudieshaveprovedit.Infact,researchsuggeststhatit’stheotherwayaround.“Ifyou’resmartyoung,you’llwatchlessTVwhenyou’reolder,〞Andersonsays.Yet,peopleoflowerIQtendtobelifelongtelevisionviewers.(B)Whileincomeworryisarathercommonproblemoftheaged,lonelinessisanotherproblemthatagedparentsmayface.Ofallthereasons__32__explaintheirloneliness,alargegeographicaldistancebetweenparentsandtheirchildrenisthemajorone.Thisphenomenoniscommonlyknownas“EmptyNestSyndrome〞(空巢综合症).Inordertoseek__33__(good)chancesoutsidetheircountries,manyyoungpeoplehavegoneabroad,__34__(leave)theirparentsbehindwithnoclearideaofwhentheywillreturnhome.Theirparentsspendcountlesslonelydaysandnights,takingcareofthemselves,inthehopethatsomedaytheirchildrenwillcomebacktostaywiththem.Thefact__35__mostoftheseyoungpeoplehavegonetoEuropeanizedorAmericanizedsocietiesmakesitunlikelythattheywillholdastightlytothevalueofduty__36__theywouldhaveiftheyhadnotlefttheircountries.Whateverthecase,ithasbeennotedthatthevaluestheyholddonotnecessarilymatch__37__theyactuallydo.Thisgeographicalandculturaldistancealsopreventsthegrown-upchildrenfromprovidingtimelyresponse__38__theneedsoftheiragedparents.Thesituationinwhichgrown-upchildrenlivefarawayfromtheiragedparents__39__(describe)as“distantparentphenomenon〞,__40__iscommonbothindevelopedcountriesandindevelopingcountries.Oursocietyhasnotyetbeenwellpreparedfor“EmptyNestSyndrome〞.ThefactthatmostoftheseyoungpeoplehavegonetoEuropeanizedorAmericanizedsocietiesmakesitunlikelythattheywillholdastightlytothevalueofdutyastheywouldhaveiftheyhadnotlefttheircountries.Whateverthecase,ithasbeennotedthatthevaluestheyholddonotnecessarilymatchwhattheyactuallydo.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.particularB.declineC.placingD.viewedE.uniqueF.obviousG.indicationH.prejudiceI.implicationJ.appreciateK.pronouncingItwasoncecommontoregardBritainasasocietywithclassdistinction.Eachclasshad___41____characteristics.Inrecentyears,manywritershavebeguntospeakthe'__42___ofclass'and'classlesssociety'inBritain.Andinmoderndayconsumersocietyeveryoneisconsideredtobemiddleclass.But_43___thedeathofclassistooearly.Arecentwide-rangingsocietyofpublicopinionfound90percentofpeoplestill___44____themselvesin__45_____class;73percentagreedthatclasswasstillavitalpartofBritishsociety;and52percentthoughttherewerestillsharpclassdifferences.Thus,classmaynotbeculturallyandpolitically___46____,yetitremainsanimportantpartofBritishsociety.Britainseemstohavealoveofstratification.OneunchangingaspectofaBritishperson'sclasspositionisaccent.Thewordsapersonspeakstellherorhisclass.AstudyofBritishaccentsduring1970sfoundthatavoicesoundinglikeaBBCnewsreaderwas__47_____asthemostattractivevoice,Mostpeoplesaidthisaccentsounded'educated'and'soft'.Theaccentsplacedatthebottominthisstudy,ontheotherhand,wereregionalcityaccents.Theseaccentswereseenas'common'and'ugly'.However,asimilarstudyofBritishaccentsintheUSturnedtheseresultsupsidedownandplacedsomeregionalaccentsasthemostattractiveandBBCEnglishastheleast.ThissuggeststhatBritishattitudestowardsaccenthavedeeprootsandarebasedonclass___48____Inrecentyears,however,younguppermiddle-classpeopleinLondon,havebeguntoadoptsomeregionalaccents,inordertohidetheirclassorigins.Thisisan__49_____ofclassbecomingunnoticed.However,the1995popsong'CommonPeople'putsforwardtheviewthatthoughamiddle-classpersonmay'wanttolivelikecommonpeople'theycannever__50_____therealityofaworking-classlife.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Archaeologistsarescientistswhosearchforcluesthathelpformaclearerpictureofthelivespeopleledinthepast.Archaeologyisamodernscience,butithasbeen___51___forcenturies.Morethan2,400yearsago,theGreekhistorianHerodotusdescribedtheEgyptianpyramidsandothermonuments.Hemayhavebeenthefirstwritertoconsiderthatremainsand___52___couldprovideinformationfor___53___generations.Formorethanathousandyears,however,such___54___wereobserversratherthanresearchers.Inthe1700s,scientistsandadventurersfromavarietyofcountriestraveled___55___toexploreancientsites.Digsthatarestill___56___beganin1709atHerculaneum,anItaliancityburiedinashduringtheexplosionofMountVesuviusinA.D.79.TheDanishscholarCarstenNiebuhrvisitedtheruinsofPersepolisintheMiddleEastin1765tostudycuneiformwriting(楔形文字).___57___,archaeologydidn’tbecomeawidelyrecognizedscienceandschoolsdidn’trecognizethesubjectasascholarlypursuituntilthe19thcentury.Thetermitselfwas___58___in1837.ItcomesfromaLatinwordmeaning“thestudyofantiquities(古物).〞OneofthefirstarchaeologiststouseascientificapproachtothedisciplinewasHeinrichSchliemannofGermany,whointhelate1800s___59___theancientcivilizationofthecityofTroy.Today,archaeologistsuncoverthepastinmanydifferent___60___,includingdesertsandjungles,atsitescalleddigs.Ancientsources,folktales,andlandscapefeaturescansuggestwherearchaeologistsshouldlook.Surveysofthelandhelpthemchoosesites___61___toprovideartifacts,theobjectsthatwillunlockthestoryofaparticularpeople—theirdailylives,theirbeliefs,andtheirtiestoothercultures.Asite,however,doesnothavetobeoldtobeinterestingtoanarchaeologist.Someprefertostudymore___62___settlements.Onescientist,forinstance,studiescoalminingcampsinCaliforniabyexaminingthegarbagethatminers___63___.Archaeologistsmayworkforuniversities,museumsorgovernments,andsomeofthemareinvolvedineducatingthepublicabout___64___ancientsites.Artifacthunterswhoare___65___historyrobtheseplacesandsellwhattheyfindforafewdollarstoimmoraldealersinantiquities.51.A.adventuringB.changingC.diggingD.evolving52.A.booksB.historyC.ruinsD.science53.A.lostB.laterC.olderD.several54.A.inventorsB.scholarsC.visitorsD.writers55.A.extensivelyB.nationwideC.regularlyD.together56.A.inprogressB.ingoodconditionC.ondisplayD.outofcontrol57.A.BesidesB.HoweverC.InsteadD.Meanwhile58.A.coinedB.consideredC.recognizedD.used59.A.createdB.developedC.establishedD.investigated60.A.countriesB.fieldsC.locationsD.ways61.A.certainB.likelyC.readyD.necessary62.A.honorableB.peacefulC.ruralD.recent63.A.gaveawayB.gaveoffC.leftbehindD.leftout64.A.choosingB.examiningC.studyingD.protecting65.A.awareofB.fedupwithC.ignorantofD.familiarwithSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Whenaconsumerfindsthatanitemsheorheboughtisfaultyorinsomeotherwaydoesnotliveuptothemanufacturer'sclaims,thefirststepistopresentthewarranty,oranyotherrecordswhichmighthelp,atthestoreofpurchase.Inmostcases,thisactionwillproduceresults.However,ifitdoesnot,therearevariousmeanstheconsumermayusetogainsatisfaction.Asimpleandcommonmethodusedbymanyconsumersistocomplaindirectlytothestoremanager.Ingeneral,the“higherup〞hisorhercomplaint,thefasterheorshecanexpectittobesettled.Insuchacase,itisusuallysettledintheconsumer'sfavor,assumingheorshehasajustclaim.Consumersshouldcomplaininpersonwheneverpossible,butiftheycannotgettotheplaceofpurchase,itisacceptabletophoneorwritethecomplaintinaletter.Complainingisusuallymosteffectivewhenitisdonepolitelybutfirmly,andespeciallywhentheconsumercandemonstratewhatiswrongwiththeiteminquestion.Ifthiscannotbedone,theconsumerwillsucceedbestbypresentingspecificinformationastowhatiswrong,ratherthanbymakinggeneralstatements.Forexample,“Theleftspeakerdoesnotworkatallandthesoundcomingoutoftherightoneisunclear〞isbetterthan“Thisstereodoesnotwork〞.Thestoremanagermayadvicetheconsumertowritetothemanufacturer.Ifso,theconsumershoulddothis,statingthecomplaintaspolitelyandfirmlyaspossible.Ifapolitecomplaintdoesnotachievethedesiredresult,theconsumercangotoastepfurther.Sheorhecanthreatentotakethesellertocourtorreportthesellertoaprivateorpublicorganizationresponsibleforprotectingconsumer'srights.66.Whenaconsumerfindsthathisorherinit,thefirstthingheorsheshoulddoisto____.A)complainpersonallytothemanagerB)threatentotakethemattertocourtC)writeafirmletterofcomplainttothestoreofpurchaseD)showsomewrittenproofofthepurchasetothestore67.Howcanaconsumermakehisorhercomplaintmoreeffective,accordingtothepassage?A)Explainexactlywhatiswrongwiththeitem.B)Threatentotakethesellertocourt.C)Makepoliteandgeneralstatementsabouttheproblem.D)Avoidhavingdirectcontactwiththestoremanager.68.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingissuggestedasthelastalternativethatconsumersmayturnto?A)Complaintothestoremanagerinperson.B)Complaintothemanufacturer.C)Writeacomplaintlettertothemanager.69.Thepassagetellsus____.A)howtosettleaconsumer’scomplaintaboutafaultyitemB)howtomakeaneffectivecomplaintaboutafaultyitemC)howtoavoidbuyingafaultyitemD)howtodealwithcomplaintsfromcustomers(B)AboutPISATheProgramforInternationalStudentAssessment(PISA)isatriennialinternationalsurveywhichaimstoevaluateeducationsystemsworldwidebytestingtheskillsandknowledgeof15-year-oldstudents.Todate,studentsrepresentingmorethan70economieshaveparticipatedintheassessment.WhatmakesPISAdifferentPISAisuniquebecauseitdevelopstestswhicharenotdirectlylinkedtotheschoolcurriculum.Thetestsaredesignedtoassesstowhatextentstudentsattheendofcompulsoryeducation,canapplytheirknowledgetoreal-lifesituationsandbeequippedforfullparticipationinsociety.Theinformationcollectedthroughbackgroundquestionnairesalsoprovidescontextwhichcanhelpanalystsinterprettheresults.WhattheassessmentinvolvesSincetheyear2000,everythreeyears,fifteen-year-oldstudentsfromrandomlyselectedschoolsworldwidetaketestsinthekeysubjects:reading,mathematicsandscience,withafocusononesubjectineachyearofassessment.Thestudentstakeatestthatlasts2hours.Thetestsareamixtureofopen-endedandmultiple-choicequestionsthatareorganizedingroupsbasedonapassagesettingoutareal-lifesituation.Atotalofabout390minutesoftestitemsarecovered.Studentstakedifferentcombinationsofdifferenttests.AdditionalPISAinitiativesPISA-basedTestforSchools(PTS)AsinterestinPISAhasgrown,schoolandlocaleducatorshavebeenwantingtoknowhowtheirindividualschoolscomparewithstudentsandschoolsineducationsystemsworldwide.Toaddressthisneed,theOECD(TheOrganizationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment)hasdevelopedthePISA-basedtestforschools.ItiscurrentlyavailableintheUnitedStatesandtheOECDisindiscussionswithgovernmentstomakethetestavailableinothercountriessuchasEnglandandSpain.70.PISAisdifferentfromotherprogrammesbecause__________.A.itstestiscloselyrelatedtotheschoolcurriculum.B.itstestaimstoassesswhetherstudentscansolvereal-lifeproblems.C.itstestcanequipstudentsforfullparticipationinschool.D.testscoresdirectlydeterminetheanalysisofthetest.71.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Test-takersarecarefullyselected.B.Test-takersanswerthesamequestions.C.Test-takersaretestedonthreekeysubjects.D.Test-takersspendabout390minutesonthetest.72.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.StudentsofallageswillbeabletotakePTSinthefuture.B.MorecountriesarelikelytohavePTSinthefuture.C.SchoolandlocaleducatorsshowlittleinterestinPISAatpresent.D.PISAprovidesevaluationofeducationsystemwithinacertaincountry.73.Wherecanwemostprobablyfindthepassage?A.OntheInternet B.InanewspaperC.Inamagazine D.Inanadvertisement(C)Accordingtoasurvey,whichwasbasedontheresponsesofover188,000students,today'straditional-agecollegefreshmenare"morematerialisticandlessaltruistic(利他主义的)"thanatanytimeinthe17yearsofthepoll.

Notsurprisinginthesehardtimes,thestudent'smajorobjectiveistobefinanciallywelloff.Lessimportantthaneverisdevelopingameaningfulphilosophyoflife.Itfollowsthenthattodaythemostpopularcourseisnotliteratureorhistorybutaccounting.

Interestinteaching,socialserviceandthe"altruistic"fieldsisatalow.Ontheotherhand,enrollmentinbusinessprograms,engineeringandcomputerscienceiswayup.

Whileit'struethatweallneedacareer,itisequallytruethatourcivilizationhasaccumulatedanincredibleamountofknowledgeinfieldsfarremovedfromourownandthatwearebetterforourunderstandingoftheseothercontributions—betheyscientificorartistic.Itisequallytruethat,instudyingthediversewisdomofothers,welearnhowtothink.Moreimportant,perhaps,educationteachesustoseetheconnectionsbetweenthings,aswellastoseebeyondourimmediateneeds.

Themostimportantargumentforabroadeducationisthatinstudyingtheaccumulatedwisdomoftheages,weimproveourmoralsense.Isawacartoonrecentlywhichshowsagroupofbusinessmenlookingpuzzledastheysitaroundaconferencetable;oneofthemistalkingontheintercom(对讲机):"MissBaxter,"hesays,"couldyoupleasesendinsomeonewhocandistinguishrightfromwrong?"

Fromthelong-termpointofview,that'swhateducationreallyoughttobeabout.74.Accordingtotheauthor’sobservation,collegestudents________.

A)haveneverbeensomaterialisticastoday

B)haveneverbeensointerestedinthearts

C)haveneverbeensofinanciallywelloffastoday

D)haveneverattachedsomuchimportancetomoralsense

75.Thestudents’criteriaforselectingmajorstodayhavemuchtodowith________.

A)theinfluencesoftheirinstructors

B)thefinancialgoalstheyseekinlife

C)theirowninterpretationsofthecourses

D)theirunderstandingofthecontributionsofothers

76.Bysaying“Whileit’struethat...betheyscientificorartistic〞,theauthormeansthat________.A)businessmanagementshouldbeincludedineducationalprograms

B)humanwisdomhasaccumulatedatanextraordinarilyhighspeed

C)humanintellectualdevelopmenthasreachednewheights

D)theimportanceofabroadeducationshouldnotbeoverlooked

77.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A)Businessmenabsorbedintheircareerarenarrow-minded.

B)Managersoftenfindithardtotellrightfromwrong.

C)Peopleengagedintechnicaljobsleadamorerewardinglife.

D)Careerseekersshouldnotfocusonimmediateinterestsonly.SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.Allofusexistin‘bodies’ofdifferentshapes,heights,colorsandphysicalabilities.Themainreasonsforthedifferencesaregenetic,andthefactthatpeople’sbodieschangeastheyage.However,ahugerangeofresearchindicatesthattherearesocialfactorstoo.Poorerpeoplearemorelikelytoeat‘unhealthy’foods,tosmokecigarettesandtobeemployedinphysicallydifficultworkortheopposite:boring,inactiveemployment.Moreover,theirhousingconditionsandneighbourhoodstendtobeworse.Allofthesefactorsimpactupontheconditionofaperson’shealth:thephysicalshapesofbodiesarestronglyinfluencedbysocialfactors.Thesesocialfactorsarealsocloselylinkedtoemotionalwellbeing.Peoplewithlowornoincomesaremorelikelytohavementalhealthproblems.Itisnotclear,however,whetherpovertycausesmentalillness,orwhetheritistheotherwayaround.Forexample,certainpeoplewithmentalhealthissuesmaybeatriskofbecominghomeless,justasapersonwhoishomelessmayhaveanincreasedriskofillnessessuchasdepression.Thereareothertypesofsocialfactorstoo.Bodiesareyoungorold,shortortall,bigorsmall,weakorstrong.Whetherthesejudgmentsmatterandwhethertheyarepositiveornegativedependsontheculturalandhistoricalcontext.Infact,thecultureofdifferentsocietiespromoteverydifferentvaluationsofbodyshapes.Whatisconsideredasattractiveorugly,normalorabnormalvariesenormously.Currently,forexample,inrichsocietiestheideaofslimnessishighlyvalued,buthistoricallythiswasdifferent.Inmostsocietiestheidealbodyshapeforawomanwasa‘fullfigure’,whileinmiddle-agedman,alargestomachindicatedthattheywerefinanciallysuccessfulinlife.Sociologistsaresuggestingthatweshouldnotjustviewbodiesandmindsinbiologicalterms,butalsoinsocialterms.Thephysicalbodyandwhatweseektodowithitchangeovertimeandsociety.Thishasimportantimplicationsformed