2019年英语语法总结

做题方法总结—.Basicgrammarerrors:无须对比选项，出现就可以判定为错！1.SV主干A.主干存在B.主谓一致C.主干makesense,就是看这个动作能不能是主语发出来的，比如桌子不能see这个动作2.V动词A.时态在没有时态提示词的情况，尽量选择和主句时态一致的选项；若没有一样的时态,这两个时态覆盖的时态点有重合注意：时态提示词有很多种，一单单是since,for之类的，有些动词，句子意思就是提示词。比如大猩猩存在.…这是个客观事实Begin就不能是进行时态,他是瞬间动作过去完成时要发生在过去的过去，而且两个动作是必须有关系的，比如先destroyed后才能happenchangescompanyannouncedthattheaveragepriceofnextyear'scarsandtruckswoulddecreaseabout$72,lessbyfour-tenthsofonepercent.(E)Contrastedwithcomparablyequippedcarsandtrucksofthisyear;theautomobilecompanyannouncedthattheaveragepriceofnextyear'smodelswoulddecreaseabout$72,orfour-tenthsofonepercent5.修饰语A.夹心修饰V-ed,V-ing,SVO---此时v-ing造成夹心修饰V-ing,V-ed,SVO---此时v-ed造成夹心修饰注：V-ed放在句尾可以是修饰主语的LOriginallydevelopedfordirectingairpollutants,atechniquecalledproton-inducedX-rayemission,whichcanquicklyanalyzethechemicalelementsinalmostanysubstancewithoutdestoryingit,isfindingusesinmedicine,archaelogy,andcriminology.Originallydevelopedfordetectingairpollutants,atechniquecalledproton-inducedX-rayemission,whichcanquicklyanalyzethechemicalelementsinalmostanysubstancewithoutdestroyingit,Origniallydevelopedfordetectingairpollutants,havingtheabilitytoanalyzethechemicalelementsinalmostanysubstancewithoutdestroyingit,atechniquecalledproton-inducedX-rayemission--V-ed,V-ing,SVOAtechniqueoriginallydevelopedfordetectingairpollutants,calledproton-inducedX-rayemission,whichcanquicklyanalyzethechemicalelementsinalmostanysubstancewithoutdestroyingit--Smodifier,V-ed，--此时V-ed修饰歧义Atechniqueoriginallydevelopedfordetectingairpollutants,calledproton-inducedX-rayemission,whichhastheabilitytoanalyzethechemicalelementsinalmostanyAtechniquethatwasoriginallydevelopedfordetectingairpollutantsandhastheabilitytoanalyzethechemicalelementsinalmostanysubstancequicklyandwithoutdestroyingthesubstance,calledproton-inducedX-rayemissionV-ed/V-ing，介短SVO--此时介短都会造成夹心修饰，这个介短应该是时间或者空间的，因为是动词修饰语，所以向前可以向后也可以V-ed/V-ing,介短,SVO介短，介短，SVO1.IntroducedbyItalianmerchantsresidentinLondonduringthesixteenthcentury,inEnglandlifeinsuranceremaineduntiltheendoftheseventeenthcenturyaspecializedcontractbetweenindividualunderwritersandtheirclients,typicallybeingshipowners,overseasmerchants,orprofessionalmoneylenders.inEnglandlifeinsuranceremaineduntiltheendoftheseventeenthcenturyaspecializedcontractbetweenindividualunderwritersandtheirclients,typicallybeing-V-ed,介短SVOlifeinsurancehadremaineduntiltheendoftheseventeenthcenturyaspecializedcontractbetweenindividualunderwriters-with-theirclients,whotypicallywere—V-ed,介短SVOuntiltheendoftheseventeenthcenturylifeinsuranceinEnglandhadremainedaspecializedcontractbetweenindividualunderwritersandtheirclients,typically--V-ed,介短SVOlifeinsuranceinEnglandremaineduntiltheendoftheseventeenthcenturyaspecializedcontractbetweenindividualunderwritersandtheirclients,typicallylifeinsuranceremaineduntiltheendoftheseventeenthcenturyinEnglandaspecializedcontractbetweenindividualunderwriterswrththeirclients,whotypicallywere从句，介短SVO■一这个介短应该是时间或者空间的或者with（伴随只要是名词就可以）从句，介短，SVOWhentheVenetianartistGiovanniBattistaTiepolodiedin1770zfefatleasttwodecadespreviouslyhewashemostadmiredpainterinItaly.结论:inthecaseofaninitialsubject-lessmodifierinfrontofacomma,themodifiershouldalwaysbefollowedIMMEDIATELYbythenoun/nounphrasethat'sbeingmodifiedModifier,S才是正确的，在这中间任何的插入，错！〈Modifier〉,〈Modifier〉〈Subject〉一•■错！B.一定错的结构AOFBOFC<Subject>,<Modifier>f<Modifier>,vverb>—一错！注意：表时间或者表地点的这些介短即可以修饰名词还可以修饰动词，所以一旦Egl.Theorganicfoodindustryhasorganizedasuccessfulgrassrootscampaign-usingWebsites,publicmeetings,andalsomassmailings—thathaveconvincedtheDepartmentofAgriculturetochangetheproposedfederalregulationsfororganicallygrownfood.usingWebsites,publicmeetings,andalsomassmailings—thathaveconvincedusingWebsites,publicmeetings,andmassmailings—thathasconvincedG—bousingWebsites,publicmeetings,andmassmailings-mbytheuseofWebsites,publicmeetings,aswellasmassmailings—thatconvincedwhichusedWebsites,publicmeetings,andmassmailings-frconvincing这种破折号就当他不存在，此时介短indoing动作发出者不明，可以是industry,也可以是campaign,还可以是整个句子2.LaoshasalandareaaboutthesameasGreatBritainbutonly4millioninpopulation,wheremanyaremembersofhilltribesensconcedinthevirtuallyinaccessiblemountainvalleysofthenorth.aboutthesameasGfea^-B4ta+R-butonly4millioninpopulation,wheremanyofaboutthesamesizeasGreatBritainis,butinLaosthereisapopulationofonly4million,andmanythatisaboutthesamesizeasGreatBritain'slandarea,butm-Laeswithapopulationofonly4millionpeople,manyofthemcomparabletothesizeofGreatBritain,butonly4millioninpopulation,andmanycomparabletothatofGreatBritainbutapopulationofonly4millionpeople,manyofwhomC中的but之后，in…with…正确选项就没有这个介短还有withIn1988,theCouncilonEconomicPrioritiesbegafi-publishingShoppingforaBetterWorld,withthesimplethesisofconsumershavingthepowertechangecompaniesbythesimpleexpedientofrefusingtobuy.withthesimplethesisefconsumershavingwhichhadthesimplethesisefconsumershavingwherethethesiswassimple:consumershavingwithathesisthatisasimpleone:consumershavewhosethesiswassimple:consumershave将介词换成了冒号C.同位语Comma+副词比较级---注意此时结尾处的同位语是修饰前面主句的动作n.+n.modifier—可以修饰前面句子的任何名词或整句话hown.modifier-介短/形容词短语/some/eachofwhich---只能就近修饰comma前面的名词TheAcomaandHopiareprobablythetwooldestsurvivingPueblocommunities,bothdatingbackatleastathousandyears.bothdating一时态与主句一致bothofwhichhavedated—时态错误andeachhasdatedandeachonedatingeachoneofwhichdate简洁性…消除重复.逻辑含义重复的词Egl.Foratleasttwodecadesormoreprevioust。whentheVenetianartistGiovanniBattistaTiepolodiedin1770,hewasthemostadmiredpainterinItaly.Foratleasttwodecades-ewTOFe-previoustowhentheVenetianartistGiovanniBattistaTiepolodiedin1770,hewasForatleasttwodecadesbeforetheVenetianartistGiovanniBattistaTiepolodiedin1770,hehadbeenForatleasttwodecadesormorebeforetheVenetianartistGiovanniBattistaTiepolo'sdymgin1770,hehadbeenWhentheVenetianartistGiovanniBattistaTiepolodiedin1770,foratleasttwodecadespreviouslyhewasWhentheVenetianartistGiovanniBattistaTiepolodiedin1770zhavingbeenforatleasttwodecadesbeforethatAtleast和ormore重复Whereasthehoneybee'sstingerisheavilybarbedandcannotberetractedfromtheskin,becausetheyellowjackethasacomparativelysmoothstinger;itisthereforeabletobepulledoutandusedagain.becausetheyellowjackethasacomparativelysmoothstinger,itisthepefofeabletobepulledoutandusedthecomparativesmoothnessoftheyellowjacket'sstingerallowsthemtopullitoutandthencanthereforeuseittheyellowjacketsstingeriscomparativelysmooth,andcanthereforebepulledoutandusedincomparison,theyellowjacket'sstingerissmooth,andthusabletobepulledoutandused+R-eempa4seFi7theyellowjackethasasmoothstinger,thusallowingittobepulledoutandusedwhereas和incomparisonamong them the threatofa rival7s multibillion-dollarpatent-infringementsuitandthedeclineinsalesofamong these the threatfroma rival's multibillion-dollarpatent-infringementsuitaswellasthedeclineinsalesforamongthem和include语义重复Adecadeafterinitiatingthenation'smostcomprehensiveandaggressiveantismokingprogram,percapitaconsumptionofcigarettesinCaliforniadeclinedfromover125packsannuallyperpersontoabout60,adropmorethantwiceasgreatasinthenationasawhole.只要开头是非主语，一定是修饰逗号后面的第一个词！percapitaconsumptionofcigarettesinCaliforniadeclinedfromover125packsannuallyperpersontoabout60,adropmorethantwiceasgreatasannualpercapitaconsumptionofcigarettesinCaliforniadeclinedfromover125packstoabout60,morethantwiceasgreatasthatCalifornia'sannualpercapitaconsumptionofcigarettesdeclinedfromover125packsperpersontoabout60,morethantwiceasgreatasthedropCaliforniahasseenpercapitaconsumptionofcigarettesdeclinefromover125packsannuallytoabout60,adropmorethantwiceasgreatasthatCaliforniahasseenannualpercapitaconsumptionofcigarettesdeclinefromover125packsperpersontoabout60,morethantwiceasgreatasthatpercapita和perpersonItseemslikelythatanumberofastronomicalphenomena,suchastheformationofplanetarynebulas,mrybecausedbytheinteractionwheretwostarsorbiteachotheratcloserange.maybecausedbytheinteractionwheretwostarsorbiteachothermaybecausedbytheinteractionbetweentwostarsthateachorbittheotherarebecauseoftheinteractionbetweentwostarsthatorbiteachotherarecausedbytheinteractionoftwostarswhereeachisorbitingtheotherarecausedbytheinteractionoftwostarsorbitingeachotherLikely和may2.主语重复Oftenmajoreconomicshiftsaresogradualast。beindistinguishableatfirstfromordinaryfluctuationsinthefinancialmarkets.sogradualastobeindistinguishablesogradual-se-thattheycanbeindistinguishable有一道题例外:earlierintheyear介词修饰语联排Accordingtosomeanalysts,thegainsinthestockmarketreflectgrowingconfidencethattheeconomywillavoidtherecessionthatmanyha舟fearedearlierintheyearandinsteadcomeinfora-softlandingj|followedbyagradualincreaseinbusinessactivity.thattheeconomywillavoidtherecessionthatmanyhadfearedearlierintheyearandinsteadcome*Hintheeconomytoavoidtherecession,whatmanyfearedearlierintheyear;rathertocome।intheeconomy'sabilitytoavoidtherecession,something「二.earlierintheyearmanyhadfeared,andinsteadtocomeHintheeconomytoavoidtherecessionmanywerefearingearlierintheyear;andrathertocomethattheeconomywillavoidtherecessionthatwasfearedmumu.ifearlierthisyearbymany,withitinsteadcoming GMATA1972agreementbetweenCanadaandtheUnitedStatesreducedtheamountofphosphatesthatmunicipalitieshadbeenallowedtodumpintotheGreatLakes.reducedtheamountofphosphatesthatmunicipalitieshadbeenallowedtodumpreducedthephosphateamountthatmunicipalitieshadbeendumpingreducesthephosphateamountmunicipalitieshavebeenallowedtodumpreducedtheamountofphosphatesthatmunicipalitiesareallowedtodumpreducestheamountofphosphatesallowedfordumpingbymunicipalitiessogradualthattheyareunabletobedistinguishedgradualLnoughnottobedistinguishablegradualenoughsothatonecannotdistinguishthemAbeso+adj.thatAbe—主语重复不如词组Abeso+adj.asto二.一定要对比选项才发现的错误种类归集.表示逻辑关系的介词A.动静态之分Atfinfoffon—静态Tofontofinto,upto,forffromfoff,up…动态Eg.Rocksamplestakenfromtheremainsofanasteroidabouttwicethesizeofthe6-mile-wideasteroidthateradicatedthedinosaurshasbeerdatedtobe3.47billionyearsoldandthusisevidenceoftheearliestknownasteroidimpactonEarth.hasbeendatedtobe3.47billionyearsoldandthusishasbeendatedat3.47billionyearsoldandthushavebeendatedtobe3.47billionyearsoldandthusarehavebeendatedasbeing3.47billionyearsoldandthushavebeendatedat3.47billionyearsoldandthusareB.介词的本源含义ofVS.from;byVS.to;todoVS.fordoing;1.Section301ofthe1988OmnibusTradeandCompetitivenessActenablestheUnitedStatesTradeRepresentativetosingleoutacountryasanunfairtrader,begintradenegotiationswiththatcountry,and,ifthenegotiationsdonotconcludebytheUnitedStatesgovernment'sbeingsatisfied,toimposesanctions.bytheUnitedStatesgovernment'sbeingsatisfied,toimposebytheUnitedStatesgovernment'ssatisfaction,imposewiththeUnitedStatesgovernment'sbeingsatisfied,imposingtotheUnitedStatesgovernment'ssatisfaction,imposetotheUnitedStatesgovernment'ssatisfaction,imposing.长得像语义完全不同的词EconomicVS.economical（节省的）;unqualified（无限制的）VS.unqualifying（不合格的）;aggravate—恶化v.aggravating—annoyingT商人的adj.;accountn.—故事accountfor—解释二二beresponsiblefor;rateof-ameasure比率Ratefor--pricechargedfor;AasameantoB—A是达到B的一种methodAasameanofB—A是B的一种typeMostofA大多数mostly—主要地；一般SubstituteAforB代替substitution置换一抽象名词，是一个processAllowthat承认allowsb.Todo允许某人做某事Inisolationfrom…修饰动词 beisolatedfrom可做谓语动词Payment不能被paid只能被made 钱才是被paidEspecially—强调严重性；spedally—强调特殊性.指代高分题选择指代错误最少的那个将代词放在更后面，指代错误更多that能指代的东西比it更多，that可以指代整句话one比it能指代的更多，可以指代人AffordingstrategicproximitytotheStraitofGibraltar,MoroccowasalsoofinteresttotheFrenchthroughoutthefirsthalfofthetwentiethcenturybecuasetheyassumedthatiftheydidnotholdit,theirgriponAlgeriawasalwaysinsecure.iftheydidnotholditztheirgriponAlgeriawasalwaysinsecurewithoutittheirgriponAlgeriawouldneverbesecuretheirgriponAlgeriawasnot（副词）ever（副词）secureiftheydidnotholditwithoutthat,theycouldneverbesecureabouttheirgriponAlgerianeverwouldtheirgriponAlgeriabesecureiftheydidnotholdit.not可以否定ever或not可以否定ever或secure所以一直都是用的never而不用noteverAproposalhasbeenmadetotrimthehornsfromrhinocerosestodiscouragepoachers;thequestioniswhethertouristswillcontinuetovisitgameparksandseerhinocerosesaftertheirhornsaretrimmed.whethertouristswillcontinuetovisitgameparksandseerhinocerosesaftertheirhornsarewhethertouristswillcontinuetovisitgameparkstoseeoneoncetheirhornsarewhethertouristswillcontinuetovisitgameparkstoseerhinocerosesoncetheanimals'hornshavebeeniftouristswillcontinuetovisitgameparksandseerhinocerosesoncetheanimals1hornsareiftouristswillcontinuetovisitgameparkstoseeoneaftertheanimals'hornshavebeenAB中的their有指代歧义，而C用的名词，显然更好Heavycommitmentbyanexecutivetoacourseofaction,especiallyifithasworkedwellinthepast,makesitlikelytomisssignsofincipienttroubleormisinterpretthemwhentheydoappear.Heavycommitmentbyanexecutivetoacourseofaction,especiallyifithasworkedwellinthepast,makesitlikelytomisssignsofincipienttroubleormisinterpretthemwhentheydoappear.Anexecutivewhoisheavilycommittedtoacourseofaction,especiallyonethatworkedwellinthepast,makesmissingsignsofincipienttroubleormisinterpretingoneslikelywhentheydoappear.Anexecutivewhoisheavilycommittedtoacourseofactionislikelytomissormisinterpretsignsofincipienttroublewhentheydoappear,especiallyifithasworkedwellinthepastExecutives'beingheavilycommittedtoacourseofaction,especiallyifithasworkedwellinthepast,makesthemlikelytomisssignsofincipienttroubleormisinterpretingthemwhentheydoappear.Beingheavilycommittedtoacourseofaction,especiallyonethathasworkedwellinthepast,islikelytomakeanexecutivemisssignsofincipienttroubleormisinterpretthemwhentheydoappear.ABC中的it或one都会有三个指代，找名词DE只有两介，很清晰，而D的。r不平行4.修饰语的一些错误注意：一定先找主干°平行之类的错误，修饰语只会是产生歧义的问题，所以不是绝对的错误A.对比词语的变化形容词变成副词Risinginventories,whenunaccompaniedcorrespondinglybyincreasesinsales,canleadtoproductioncutbacksthatwouldhampereconomicgrowth.A)Whenunaccompaniedcorrespondinglybyincreasesinsales,canleadB)Whennotaccompaniedbycorrespondingincreasesinsales,possiblyleadsQWhentheywereunaccompaniedbycorrespondingsalesincreases,canleadD)Ifnotaccompaniedbycorrespondinglyincreasedsales,possiblyleadsE)Ifnotaccompaniedbycorrespondingincreasesinsales,canleadCorresponding—correspondingly,此时作为副词，可以向前修饰V.也可以向后修饰byincrease介短没有副词，添加副词核心动词变成次要动词注意:次要动词比如todo,indoing,,doing这些,只要前方出现的名词,就可以认定其动作发出者不清楚，一般是改成that定从或者是并列的谓语Minivanscarryasmanyassevenpassengersand,comparedwithmostsportutilityvehicles,costlessqetbettergasmileage,allowpassengerstogetinandoutmoreeasily,andhaveasmootherride.Minivanscarryasmanyassevenpassengersand,comparedwithmostsportutilityvehicles,costless,Minivans,whichcarryasmanyassevenpassengers,comparedwithmostsportutilityvehicles,theycostless,Minivanscarryasmanyassevenpassengers,incomparisonwithmostsportutilityvehicles,andhavealowercost,theyMinivans,carryingasmanyassevenpassengers,comparedwithmostsportutilityvehicles,costless,---少了andV-ed修饰歧义Minivans,whichcarryasmanyassevenpassengers,comparedwithmostsportutilityvehiclesthecostislower,andthey2.Neuroscientists,havingamassedawealthofknowledgeoverthepasttwentyyearsaboutthebrainanditsdevelopmentfrombirthtoadulthood,arenowdrawingsolidconclusionsabouthowthehumanbraingrowsandhowbabiesacquirelanguage.A.Neuroscientists,havingamassedawealthofknowledgeoverthepasttwentyyearsaboutthebrainanditsdevelopmentfrombirthtoadulthood,are&Neuroscientists,havingamassedawealthofknowledgeaboutthebrainanditsdevelopmentfrombirthtoadulthoodoverthepasttwentyyears,and-areGNeuroscientistsamassingawealthofknowledgeaboutthebrainanditsdevelopmentfrombirthtoadulthoodoverthepasttwentyyears,andareNeuroscientistshave-amassed-awealthofknowledgeoverthepasttwentyyearsaboutthebrainanditsdevelopmentfrombirthtoadulthood,Neuroscientistshaveamassed,ovorthopasttwentyyoa®awealthofknowledgeaboutthebrainanditsdevelopmentfrombirthtoadulthood,注：v・ing结尾的时候，时态应该是与前面一样的，V・ing带了时态提示词，而且与前面不且与前面不且与前面不样，也是错的Asanactressand,moreimportantly,asateacherofacting,StellaAdlerwasoneofthemostinfluentialartistsintheAmericantheater,whotrainedseveralgenerationsofactorsincludingMarlonBrandoandRobertDeNiro.且与前面不样，也是错的StellaAdlerwasoneofthemostinfluentialartistsintheAmericantheater,whotrainedseveralgenerationsofactorsincludingStellaAdler,oneofthemostinfluentialartistsintheAmericantheater,trainedseveralgenerationsofactorswhoinclude—trained这个动作的发起者不能是actress逻辑语义不通，作为演员和老师，S训练了…StellaAdlerwasoneofthemostinfluentialartistsintheAmericantheater,training(表示伴随)severalgenerationsofactorswhoseranksincludedoneofthemostinfluentialartistsintheAmericantheaterwasStellaAdler,whotrainedseveralgenerationsofactorsincludingoneofthemostinfluentialartistsintheAmericantheater,StellaAdler,trainedseveralgenerationsofactorswhoseranksincludedEmilyDickinson'sletterstoSusanHuntingtonDickinsonwerewrittenoveraperiodbeginningafewyearsbeforeSusan'smarriagetoEmily'sbrotherandendingshortlybeforeEmily'sdeathin1886,outnumberingherletterstoanyoneelse.DickinsonwerewrittenoveraperiodbeginningafewyearsbeforeSusan'smarriagetoEmily'sbrotherandendingshortlybeforeEmily,sdeathin1886,outnumberingDickinsonwerewrittenoveraperiodthatbeginsafewyearsbeforeSusan7smarriagetoEmily'sbrotherandendedshortlybeforeEmily/sdeathin1886,outnumberDickinson,writtenoveraperiodbeginningafewyearsbeforeSusan7smarriagetoEmily7sbrotherandthatendsshortlybeforeEmily'sdeathin1886andoutnumberingDickinson,whichwerewrittenoveraperiodbeginningafewyearsbeforeSusan1smarriagetoEmily'sbrother,endingshortlybeforeEmily'sdeathin1886,andoutnumberingDickinson,whichwerewrittenoveraperiodbeginningafewyearsbeforeSusan'smarriagetoEmily'sbrotherandendingshortlybeforeEmily'sdeathin1886,outnumber此时考虑非ing结尾的这句话有问题与否，除非前面有and之类的平行提醒，像actress那道题，否则就不选ing结尾的句子，毕竟其动作发出会有歧义另外，用ing结尾要么伴随就是描述前面的，要么是前后因果关系，所以两者一定是相关的，或者就是前面平行提示的伴随5,Theorganicfoodindustryhasorganizedasuccessfulgrassrootscampaign—usingWebsites,publicmeetings,andalsomassmailings—thathaveconvincedtheDepartmentofAgriculturetochangetheproposedfederalregulationsfororganicallygrownfood.usingWebsites,publicmeetings,andalsomassmailings—thathaveconvincedusingWebsites,publicmeetings,andmassmailings—thathasconvincedbyusingWebsites,publicmeetings,andmassmailings一inconvincing此时1972是提示词，确定了主句用过去时而从句的beallowedtodump肯定是允许将来仍所以areallowedtodumpIntheseventhcenturyB.C.ZtheRomanalphabetwasadaptedfromtheEtruscanalphabet,whichinturnhadbeenadaptedinthepreviouscenturyfromawesternGreekalphabet,whichitselfhadbeenadaptedearlierinthesamecenturyfromthePhoenicianalphabet.whichitselfhadbeenadaptedearlieradaptingitselfearlieritselfbeingadaptedearlierhavingbeingearlieradapteditselfearlieritselfhavingbeenadaptedB.条件动词IfAdozBdo/willdo.Do—fact/habit;willdo-certainty一指明将来;Maydo-possibilityEg.Iffamilygoesoutfordinner,itdinesatgrill.IfAdid,Bdid/woulddo.Did—fact/habit;woulddo-uncertaintyIfAhaddone,Bwouldhavedone. If基本不会发生注意：would就是虚拟的表现一种不确定就算没有if条件句的时候，本句是一个虚拟的意思也可以用would比如assumption、estimate都是一个虚拟C.虚拟语气的动词bytheuseofWebsites,publicmeetings,as-weH-asmassmailings—thatconvincedwhichusedWebsites,publicmeetings,andmassmailings—inconvincing将谓语动词改成了indoing…此时不知道动作发出者是industry还是campaign,而使用that从句就确定了只能是campaign6,Thecomputercompanyhasannouncedthatitwillpurchasethecolor-printingdivisionofarivalcompanyfor$950million,whichispartofadealthatwillmakeitthelargestmanufacturerintheofficecolor-printinglion,whichispartofadealthatwillmakemillion,apartofadealthatmakesmillion,partofadealmakingmillionasapartofadealtomakemillionaspartofadealthatwillmake此时tomake不知道动作发起人是deal还是company,动作发出者不明，而E很好的修正了这一点注意：asapartof-一这个as可以前后不对称的形式，前面是整个动作，后面是名词B.修饰语的位置变化介短从开头放到了最后，注意任何修饰语放在句首，都只能修饰主语的动词GovernorSmith'sreligionduringthecampaign(修饰made)madehimatargetofprejudiceandinsinuation,assomechargedthathisloyaltytothePopesupersededhisloyaltytotheUnitedStates.Duringthecampaign,GovernorSmith'sreligionmadethegovernoratargetofprejudiceandinsinuation,asDuringthecampaign可以修饰religion也可以修饰madeHurricanesatfirstbegintravelingfromeasttowest,becausethatdirectionisthewaytheprevailingwindsinthetropicsblow,buttheythenveerofftowardhigherlatitudes,inmanycaseschangingdirectiontowardtheeastbeforedissipatingoverthecolder,morenortherlywatersoroverland.—atfirst可以向前和向后修饰Hurricanesatfirstbegintravelingfromeasttowest,becausethatdirectionisthewaytheprevailingwindsinthetropicsblow,butAtfirst,hurricanestravelfromeasttowest,becausethatisthedirectionoftheprevailingwindsinthetropics,butWhilehurricanestravelfromeasttowestatfirst,thedirectionoftheprevailingwindsblowinginthetropics,andBecausehurricanesatfirsttravelfromeasttowest,sinceitisthedirectionoftheprevailingwindsinthetropics,Hurricanes,beginningbytravelingfromeasttowest,becausethisisthedirectionoftheprevailingwindsinthetropics,Inthe1920's既可以就是名词还可以修饰动作Duetoautomobile-relatedjobsinthe1920'semployingoneofeveryeightworkers,theautomobileindustrydominatedtheAmericaneconomy.Duetoautomobile-relatedjobsinthe1920'semployingoneofeveryeightworkers,theautomobileindustrydominatedtheAmericaneconomy.Oneoutofeveryeightworkerswereemployedinautomobile-relatedjobsinthe1920*5,withtheAmericaneconomybeingdominatedbytheautomobileindustry.TheautomobileindustrydominatedtheAmericaneconomyinthe1920's,withoneofeveryeightworkershavingbeenemployedinautomobile-relatedjobs.Inthe1920's,theautomobileindustryhaddominatedtheAmericaneconomy,whenoneoutofeveryeightworkerswasemployedinanautomobile-relatedjob.Inthe1920's,theautomobileindustrydominatedtheAmericaneconomy,withoneoutofeveryeightworkersemployedinanautomobile-relatedjob.Onearth既可以修饰动作，也可以修饰名词OnEarth,amongthesurestindicationsofsunspotcyclesarebelievedtobetheratethattreesgrow,asseenintheringsvisibleinthecrosssectionsoftheirtrunks.OnEarth,amongthesurestindicationsofsunspotcyclesarebelievedtobetheratethattreesgrowOnEarth,amongthesurestindicationsofsunspotcyclesare,itisbelieved,therateoftreegrowthOnEarth,therateatwhichtreesgrowisbelievedtobeamongthesurestindicationsofsunspotcyclesAmongthesurestindicationsonEarthofsunspotcycles,believedtobethetreegrowthrateAmongthesurestindicationsonEarthofsunspotcyclesisbelievedtobetherateatwhichtreesgrowinGermany既可以修饰动作,也可以修饰名词Over75percentoftheenergyproducedinFrancederivesfromnuclearpower,whileinGermanyitisjustover33percent.whileinGermanyitisjustover33percentcomparedtoGermany,whichusesjustover33percentwhereasnuclearpoweraccountsforjustover33percentoftheenergyproducedinGermanywhereasjustover33percentoftheenergycomesfromnuclearpowerinGermany一变成了德国的核能源，don'tmakesensecomparedwiththeenergyfromnuclearpowerinGermany,whereitisjustover33percent形容词的位置变化Risinginventories,whenunaccompaniedcorrespondinglybyincreasesinsales,canleadtoproductioncutbacksthatwouldhampereconomicgrowth.A)Whenunaccompaniedcorrespondinglybyincreasesinsales,canleadB)Whennotaccompaniedbycorrespondingincreasesinsales,possiblyleadsQWhentheywereunaccompaniedbycorrespondingsalesincreases,canleadD)Ifnotaccompaniedbycorrespondinglyincreasedsales,possiblyleadsE)Ifnotaccompaniedbycorrespondingincreasesinsales,canleadCorresponding不知道是修饰sale还是increase同理的还有，注意下副词的位置变化1.同上一道题A)Whenunaccompaniedcorrespondinglybyincreasesinsales,canlead—此时可以向前修饰，也可以向后修饰A,副词，B---向前或者向后同位语的位置变化LApioneerjournalist,NellieBly'sexploitsincludedcirclingtheglobefasterthanJuleeVerne'sfictionalPhileasFoggAApioneerjournalist,NellieBly'sexploitsincludedBTheexploitsofNellieBly,apioneerjournalist,includedCNellieBlywasapioneerjournalistincludinginherexploitstheDiReluded-inthepioneerjournalistNellieBly'sexploitsafeEThepionoorjournalist'sexploitsofNellieBlyincludedpioneer修饰对象可以为journalist或exploits形容词+名词1+名词2C.介短联排HavingbeennamedforamythologicalnymphwhocaredfortheinfantJupiter;theasteroidnamedIda,inthemiddleofthebeltofasteroidsthat0rbittheSunbetweenMarsandJupiter,wasdiscoveredin1884.HavingbeennamedforamythologicalnymphwhocaredfortheinfantJupiter;theaster