人教版八年级上册英语期末知识点总结及练习新

八年级上册复习资料短语quiteafew（相当多、不少）ofcourse（当然）goonvacation（去度假）stayathome（待在家）summercamp（夏令营）goout（出去）takephotos（拍照）goshopping（购物）firsttime（第——次）upanddown（上来下去）feellike（感觉到）thenextday（第二天）hardlyever（几乎不）atleast（至少）junkfood（垃圾食品）morethan二over（多余，超过）lessthan（少于）swingdance（摇摆舞）howoften（多久一次）onweekends（在周末）sometimes二attimes（有时）threetimesaweek（一周三次）twiceamonth（一个月两次）onceaweek（一周一次）gotothemovies（去看电影）stayup（熬夜）play/dosports（做运动）gotobed（去睡觉）goodhabits（好习惯）not...atall（根本不）gocamping（去野营）inthecountry（在农村）bringout（使显现）primaryschool（小学）takecareof二lookafter（照顾）workhard（努力学习/工作）makefriends（交朋友）belike（像）sofar®」目前为止）freshwater（淡水）have…incommon（有相同特征）playarole（发挥作用）makeup（编造）forexample（例如）take...seriously（认真对待•••）talentshow（才艺表演）talkshow（谈话节目）gameshow（游戏节目）sportsshows（体育节目）onproblem二you'rewelcome二that'sallright（没什么，不客气）aroundtheword二allovertheword（世界各地）cometrue（实现）soapopera（月巴皂剧）findout（查明，弄清）actionmovie（动作影片）takesb/splace（代替）doagoodjob（干得好）dressup（装扮）comeout（出版，发表）growup（长大，成熟）makesure（确保，查明）writedown（写下）takeup（学着做）takesinginglessons（上声乐课）NewYear'sResolutions（新年决心）playapart（参与）livetobe,yearsold（活动…岁）worldpeace（世界和平）befree（免费的）inthefuture（在将来）spacestation（太空站）falldown（跌倒，倒塌）wakeup（醒来）overandoveragain=overandover二timeandtimeagain=againandagain（反复的）takeaholiday（度假）indanger（处于危险之中）makepromises（许诺）thinpiece（薄片）milkshake（奶昔）turnon（接通）cutup（切碎）onebyone（一个接一个）ricenoodles（米线）anothertime（其他时间）hangout=hangaround/about（闲逛）thedaybeforeyesterday（前天）thedayaftertomorrow（后天）turndown（拒绝）takeatrip（去旅行）havetheflu（患流感）not...until（直到…才）gotothedoctor（看医生）haveaconcert（举行音乐会）keep....tooneself（保守秘密）makemistakes（3日错）haveagreattime二enjoyoneself二havefun（玩的开心）takethebus（乘公共车）belate（迟到）makemoney（赚钱）gotocollege（上大学）runawayfrom（逃避）intheend二finally二atlast（最后）makeit约定时间，做到，按时到达haveameeting（开会）helpout（分担工作，解决难题）mixup把...混合在一起，搅拌takeone5stemperature 给某人量体温makeresolutions（做决定）Sendup发射physicalhealth身体健康haveadiscussion（进行讨论）keepadiary（记日记）comeup上升，出来一、把句中汉语翻译成英语，注意使用适当的形式。Wewillhaveaparents5meeting（后天）。Wouldyouliketowithmethisweekend?（闲逛）Whenyouareunhappy,youcan（和…交谈）others.Mymotherismakingdinnerforthetwo.（杰出的歌手）Thanksforinvitingmetoenjoythe.（精彩的音乐会）Weplayingsocceryesterdayafternoon.（玩得开心）Herdadsaidhesometimeshimself.（才已粗心的错误）Ifyoubecomeasoccerplayer,you511never.（上大学）Mygrandmahastheflu,soshe.tomorrowmorning.（去看医生）Finally,cuttheturkeyintoandeatthemeatwithvegetables,（薄片）InYunnan,manypeopleeatforbreakfast冰线）一Howmucharethey? 一Oh,they（是免费的）。Therewillbefewertreesandtheenvironmentwillbe.（处于极大的危险之中）Tarewantstobeanactor,sohehaveto.让表演课）Ifyoukeepingonstudyinghard,youwillbea（未来之星）oneday.Didyoumakeathisyear,Lucy?（新年决心'）ThiscartooninNewYorkonNovember18,1928.（出版）Mulanlikeaboyandtakesherfather'splacetofightinthearmy.（装扮）aregettingmoreandmorepopular.（才艺表演）Tmshysoit'snoteasyformeto.（交朋友）1don'treallycareifmyfriendsaremeordifferent.（与，,•相同）wheredidyougo（度假）WewenttotheGreatWallandG白许多照片）WhenIgrownup,Iwanttovisit（世界各地Didyoubuy（——些特殊的东西）inLijianglastsummer.Tmveryhungry,Ifeellikeeating（两碗米饭Mylittlesister（几乎不）hasvegetables,sosheisoftenill.myfavoriteprogramisthe（动物世界）1gotovisitmygrandparents（一两次）everymonth.Lucygoesonline（至少）threetimesaweek.Eatingmore（垃圾食品）isbadforourhealth.ourclass（去野营）tendaysago,weallhadagreattime.Howmany（网友）doyouhave?（至U目前），thereisonlylifeontheearth.Theoldpeopledon'tlikelivingina（拥挤的城市）Eatingmore（新鲜蔬菜）isgoodforourhealth.1think（谈话节目）aremoreeducationalthansoapopras.Watching（健康之路）makesmelearnalotabouthealth.Whatdoesyoursisterwanttobewhenshe（长大）Theseare（私人信件），youcan'topenthem.Whenwemakeresolutions（在•••开头/初期）theyear.Usingfewer件氏袋）isgoodforsavingtheterribleenvironment.Theroomistoodark,pleasetellLily（打开）thelight.Mymothertaughtmemake（奶昔）yesterday.SpringFestivalisanimportant（传统节日）inChina.Thereisabank（在•••尽头）thestreet.48.1（期待），meetingmyfriendfromAmerica.49.Theteacherareimportantinourlife,butsometimesour（家庭教育）ismoreimportant.非谓语动词（一）这些词后接不定式（todo）.Ittakessb+时间/金钱+todosth（做某事花费某人 时间/金钱e.g.Ittakestwohourstogotoschooleveryday.Ifs+（not）形容词+（forsb）+todosth（做某事是…的）decidetodosth.（决定去做某事）wanttodosth二wouldliketodosth（想要做某事）teachsb.todosth.教某人做某事can'tstandtodosth（迫不急待想做某事）7.besuretodo一定做某事确信做某事helpsb（to）dosth（帮助某人做某事）helpsbwithsth.（帮某人某事）asksbtodosth（要求某人做某事）asksbaboutsth（询问某人关于某事）tdlsbtodosth（让某人做某事）tellsb.aboutsth.告诉某关于某事ILadvisesbtodosth建议某人做某事 12.begladtodosth乐意做某事tryone'sbesttodosth.（尽某人最大的努力做某事） 14.i）lantodosth.（计划做某事）refusetodosth.拒绝做某事 16.expecttodosth.（期待做某事）Hopetodosth（希望做某事），而不能要hopesb.todosth.作定语：goodtimetohaveaparty,goodplacestohavefun目的状语：howtodo（it）...whatodo（二）.这些词后接动名词Jviiig）.1.enioydoingsth（喜欢做某事） 2.finishdoingsth（完成做某事）go+v-ing（去做某事）goshopping/swimming/fishing/（去买东西、去游泳、去钓鱼、）介词+doing withoutdoing（没有做某事） thankyoufordoingsthbebusydoingsth（忙于做某事）6.practicedoingsth（练习做某事）spend+钱/时间+（in）doingsth（在做某事上花费...）Spend+钱/时间+onsth（n）（花费...在某物上）bealwaysdoingsth（总是在做某事）haveftin=haveagoodtimedoinqsth（做某事很开心）minddoingsth.（介意做某事） 11.Keep❶口=keepdoingsth.（继续做某事）（三）这些词后接动词原形。1.letsbdosth（让某人做某事） 2.makesbdosth（使某人做某事）3.havetodosth（必须、不得不做某事） 4.begoingtodosth（将要做某事）.Whynotdosth?（为什么不做某事？）=whydon'tyoudosth..情态动词+动词原形。（四）这些动词后+todo/doingsthliketodosthlikedoingsth二euioydoingsthstofitodosth停下来去做另外一件事（停下在做的事情后去做另一件事）stopdoingsth停止正在做的一件事starttodosth（开始做某事）；startdoingsthforgettodosth（忘记去做某事）（因忘记，这件事没有做）forgetdoingsth（忘记做过某事）（这件事之前已做而忘记了）remembertodosth（记着去做某事）（提醒别忘记去做rememberdoingsth（记得已做过某事）（已做过某事，说话时动作已经完成）.主语：人needtodosth（需要做某事）主语：物needdoingsth（被需要做某事）.trytodosth.（尽力做某事） trydoingsth.（试着做某事）.感观动词：find/watch/see/hear/feelsbdosth（观察、看到、听到、感觉某人做过某事）find/watch/see/hear/feelsbdoingsth（观察、看到、听到、感觉某人正在做某事）e.g.Isawaboyplayingfootballontheplayground.Manyyoungpeopleenjoyfootball.（watch）Wouldyoulikeourmusicclub,Tim.(join)AfterPaulcutuptwoapplesandapear,hestoppedthemupwithsomeyogurt.(mix)SometouristsdecideinKunminguntilnextSunday.(stay)Mr.Morganfinishedhislastmovietwodaysago.(make)-Whatisthemusiclike?—Itsounds(relax)It'sagoodwaytoimproveEnglishbyinthemorning.(read)Nostudentswantdoctorsinmyclass.(be)Stop,please.Youshouldlistentomequietlyinclass.(talk)lO.HeexpectedtheworkbyMarch.(finish)1sawhimoutofthebuildingatthemoment.(walk)-HowdoeshestudyEnglish?—HepracticesEnglisheverymorning.(speak)DoyouknowthewayBeijingDuck,LiFang?(eat)Youmusttryyourhomeworktonight.(finish)lookforwardtofromyouinthenearfuture.(hear)( )1.Itisnotveryeasymath.Alearn;goodBtolearn;goodClearn;wellDtolearn;well( )2.Ittakesmetenminutestoschoolbybus.AtogoBgoingCgoesDwent( )3.ItisnecessaryuslearnChinesewell.Ato;forBto;toCfor;forDfor;to( )4.Myparentsenjoyforawalkaftersupper.AgoBgoesCtogoDgoing( )5.Stopsomuchnoise!Myfatherissleeping.AtomakeBmakingCtodoDdoing( )6.Whatdidtheydecidethen?AdoBtodoCdoingDdid( )7.Wherewouldyoulikeyourwinterholiday?A.spendB.spendingC.tospendD.spended( )8.Marry5sparentswanthermilkeveryday.A.drink B.drinks C.drinking D.todrink( )9.Mostyoungteacherslike.A.playthebasketballB.toplaypianoC.playingbasketballD.toplayingthepiano( )10.Willtheteacherletyouhatsinclass?AwearBwearsCwearingDtowear()ll.Myfamilyplancampingthissummervacation.AgoBgoingCtogoDwent）12.Doyoumindmebesideyou?AsittingBtosit CsatDtositting）13.Theteachermadeusthewordsthreetimes.AtosayBsayingCsayDsaid14.Lookatthepicture.Youcanseeaboy.AclimbingBclimb Cclimbed Dtoclimb）15.Let'saskhimhisbestphotostoyoutomorrow.AbringBtobringCtakeDdoing）16.Jackismygoodfriend.Heoftenhelpsmemyhomework.AdoesBdoCdoneDdoing）17.Yourteacherwillnotbepleasedifyoudon'tfinishyourhomeworkAdoBtodoCdoingDdone介词1.介词后接动词用・ing形式，接代词要宾格形式。in在里；用beinterestedin（对…感兴趣）inthepast（在过去）infact（实际上）pour.…into（把…倒进…里）put...in（把…放进…里）inhalf（分成两半）on在・・・・・・上;在・・・・・・；onshow（展览）onfoot（步行）ontheway（在路上）at在（里、附近）begoodat（擅长于）二dowellin,atfirst（起初）besurprisedat（对,一感到惊讶）lookat（看）f。!•为，给waitfor（等待）studyfor（为…而学习）lookfor（寻找）thanksfor（为…而感谢）begoodfor（对…有益）preparefor（为…做准备）about关于大约 whatabout二howabout（怎样），careabout（关心）talkabout（谈论）besureabout（确信，对…有把握）worryabout（担心）beupsetabout（对…感到失望）of（•的） atthetopof（在...的顶部）attheendof（在•一结尾）mostof（大部分）whatkindof（什么种类）befullof二befilledwith（充满…的）allkindsof（各种各样的）thinkof（认为）apairof（一双，一副）atthebeginningof（在…开始）hundredsof（许多，大量）apieceof（一片、一张）bytheendof在…之前，到…为止With（和…一起，带有）helpwith（在…方面帮助）begoodwith二getonwellwith（和…相处得好）thegirlwithshorterhair（长有更短头发的女孩）agreewith（同意，赞成）havetodowith二about（关于；与，••有关系）fill...with…（用•一装满•••）Cover...with...用…把…覆盖Becoveredwith被…所覆盖catchupwithsb.赶上某人如om从・・・・・・ from...to…（从 至U ）bedifferentfrom（与•一不同）learnfrom（像…学习）hearfrom（接到信）runawayfrom（逃避）after・・・・・之后 afterdinner（晚饭之后）lookafter（照顾）二takecareof,under在・・・・・・下underthetree（在树下）to朝，向moveto（搬动…）replyto（回信）besimilarto（与…相像的）closeto（离…近,靠近）beupto（有…决定）bereadyto（愿意迅速做某事）beableto（能够做某事）add...to（把…放进…里）lookforwardto（期待）as（作为） suchas（例如）thesame+名词+as（与 *样）aslongas（只要，既然）「at放在具体时刻，点钟前。AtmidnightattwelveJOn在具体的一天以及某日的上/下午/晚上前。 Onacoldwinterafternoon.[in在年、季节、月、周、世纪、等前。InautumnInthe21stcentury,inthemorning,jor+一段时间Jin+一段时间（表将来） intwodaysUfter+一段时间（表过去）)1.Jimwasbornthe2ndofJune.AinBonCatDwith)2.1oftentakeadictionaryme,becauseitalwayscanhelpmemyEnglish.A.with,with B.for,to C,with,to D.for,with)3.Theyarestayinginthecountrysidethreeorfourdays.A.on B.during C.for D.with)4.WhenisyouruncleleavingDalian,Mary?A.awayB.forC.toD.awayto)5.Sleepingenoughisgoodyourhealth.A.on B.in C.to D.for)6.AlthoughIknowhim,Ihardlytalktohim.A./ B.and C.but D.so)7.Shetakesabaththreefourtimesamonthinwinter.A.and B.but C.or D.for)8.Isherlifestylethesameyours?A.for B.as C.to D.from)9.HisfatherhardlyeverwatchesTVSundayevening.A.in B.on C.at D.for)10.Heransweristomysister's.Theyarethecolor.Asimilar;same Bsimilar;similarCsame;sameDsame;similar)ll.Mygrandfatherisveryold.,heneverstopslearning.ASoBHoweverCAndDBut)12.Thankyoutellingmeaboutit.AtoBforCatDof( )13.LadyGagaisfamousherbeautifulvoice.AasBwithCforDto( )14.一I'mgoingtolearnthepianowhenIretire.-Thatsoundsagoodidea.AlikeBasCaboutDof( )15.Wearegoingtothepartynextweek.AinBasCaboutDof( )16.Thewomanwantstofindajobababysitter.AlikeBforCasDon( )17.WhatisyourmotherdoingthisSaturdaymorning?AonBinCatD/动词一.一般现在时：表示现阶段经常、习惯做的动作和存在的状态，同时也表示句子主语现阶段的性格、能力、特征等。时间标志： usually,often,always,sometimes,everyday,everymorning.1、be动词(是)的一般现在时(isamare)用法：I后am,you后are,is连着he(他),she(她)，it(它)；单数后面用is,复数后面用are.2、实义动词的一般现在时(1)句型：主语(三单)+动词用三单；主语(非三单)+动词用原形(2)一般现在时的动词三单形式的构成①一般在词尾加—sohelps,likes ②以s,x,ch,sh,,o结尾的词加—es。goes③以"辅+y”结尾的词，把y变为i再加-esstudyfstudies注：疑问句有助动词Does或D。时，主语后的动词要原形二.现在进行时：现在进行时强调动作在现在、在当前这一段时间内正在进行。.其构成：主语+am/is/are+V-ing。 时间标志:now,thesedays,look,listen,I'mwatchingTVnow. (2).Weareplayingbasketballgamethesedays..构成动词现在分词(v-ing)一般在词尾加-ingoasking,working⑵以e结尾的词去e加-ing。 Making,living⑶以“辅+元+辅”结尾的，双写最后一个辅音再加-ing。stopfstopping⑷以ie结尾的词，把ie变为y再加-ing。diefdying三.一般过去时：表示在过去某一个时间发生或存在的动作、状态，一般过去时也可表示在过去某一阶段经常发生反复做的动作。.其构成：主语+V过去式。时间标志：yesterday,1949,threeyearsago,lastweek,atthattime等。2.构成规则动词过去式。⑴一般在词尾加-ed. asked,worked⑵以e结尾的词加-d.lived,liked⑶以"辅+y”结尾的词，把y变为i再加-edtryftried(4)以“辅+元+辅”结尾的，双写最后一个辅音再加-edstopfstopped四.一般将来时：表示在将来某个时间将发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常、反复发生的动作。一般将来时强调动作或状态在将来发生、存在。Willnot二won't,shallnot缩写shan't.时间标志：tomorrow,nextweek,inthefuture,in100years(100年以后).等.其构成：⑴“wfll/shall+动词原形”结构。其中will可用于所有人称。在疑问句中，主语是第一人称(Lwe)时，助动词常用shalloWillpeoplehavemorefreetime?Yes,theywill./No,theywon't.“begoingto+动词原形”结构，表示“将来打算做某事”，或者根据现存的各种因素推断很快要发生的事情。注意：句型中有be动词，用is还是am还是are,取决于主语.Iamgoingtokeeponwritingstories.be+v.ingw结构，用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作，用于此种用法的动词有：come,go,leave,die,start,arrive等短暂性动词 Iamcoming.我就来.therebe(有)一Therewillbe(将有)Willtherebemorepeopleinthefuture?Yes,therewill./No,therewon't.五.情态动词：没有人称和数的变化，后接动词时要原形。.Can（could）二beableto（能，会，可能），否定：can't,Must（必须）,will（将，会），should（应该）may（也许）might（也许）Can/couldyou...?你能…吗？（1）要请或请求 Wouldyouliketo...? 你愿意…吗？Canyoucometomyparty?①Sure/Yes/Certainly/ofcourse.Tdloveto.接受 ②Thankyouforinviting/askingme接受（2）回答/不接受①Sorry,Ican^./Tmafraidnot,I…+原因②I'dloveto.ButI+原因⑶表示请求对方许可： CanI/we...? MayI/we...?.might不作过去式，比may更婉转，可能性比may小；might也可以看作may的过去式。.Must"必须，应该“表示说话人的主观看法，must提问，要Needn't=don'thaveto（不必要，不需要）回答，而不能要mustift回答。Haveto"不得不，必须“强调客观的要求。.回答以may开头的疑问句有如下表达法：-MayIaskyousomequestion?我能问你一些问题吗？-Yes,youcan./Yes/sure,please./.请问吧。-No,youcan't./No,youmustn't./No,you'dbetternot.最好不要。Listen,someonethepianointhatroom.(practice)Yesterdaymyfatheranicedogforme.(buy)everydayisgoodforourhealth.(exercise)Goodhabitsalwayscankeepusingoodhealth.(eat)Playingsportseverydaygoodforourhealthy.(be)ThetwinsathomeonSeptember10th,2006.(notbe)Myfriendapetpiginhishousenextyear.(keep)Myuncleoftenvideosathomewhenheisfree.(watch)Theyfivemetersandfinallyfoundwater.(dig)Ginatotheletterlastnight.(reply)SheherEnglishnameverymuch.(like)Theboytohisguitarlessontomorrow.(notgo)Lauracooksfishsoupandittoherfamily.(service)James,dirtywaterhere,please.(notpour)WillyouhavethepartyifMarkyou?(notjoin))1.Therepeoplen100years.AwillfewerBwillbefewerCwilllessDwillbeless)2.1amiddleschoolstudentfiveyearsago.AamBwereCwillbeDwas)3.Thereaclassmeetingtomorrowafternoon.AisBwillisCwillbeDwillhave)4.-Whenyouyouroldfriend?—Thedaybeforeyesterday.Awill;visitBdid;visitChave;visitedDdid;visited)5.Grandpaisgoodinhealthbecauseheeveryday.A.exercises B.goforawalkC.drinksmilksD.playsports)6.Therearesomeboysontheplayground.They football.TheyafootballmatchnextSaturday.A.play;haveB.areplaying;aregoingtohaveC.plays;haveD.areplaying;arehaving)7.Whatyoutodowhenyouhighschool?Ado,want;finish Bwill,want,finishCare;going;aregoingtofinish Dare;want;aregoingtofinish)8.ThereafootballgamebetweenItalyandGermanytomorrowmorning.AhasBisgoingtobeCwillhaveDhasbeen)9.—Whatareyoudoing? -I'mmyEnglishbook.AlookingBlookingforClookingafterDlookingat)10.一John,Wouldyouliketogoswimmingwithus?—I'dloveto.ButIstudyfortheEnglishtest.AmustBhastoChavetoDshould名词一、名词的数1、名词分为：⑴专有名词：首字母要大写。YaoMing,China,March⑵普通名词：①可数名词：tree,apple,family,class②不可数名词：water,bread,love,friendship注：不可数名词的计量：twopiecesofpaper,acupofmilk.2、名词单数变复数的变化规则⑴、一般力口一smapfmaps,applefapples,⑵、以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词加—esboxfboxes,watchfwatches⑶、以辅音字母加y结尾的词，变y为L再加-esfamilyffamilies,⑷、以f(e)结尾的词，变f(e)为v,再加-es knifefknives,halffhalves⑸、以o结尾的词有生命的加-es，无生命的加一stomatoftomatoes,photofphotos,⑹、不规则动词需特殊记忆：man—men,woman—women,tooth—teeth,mouse一mice,child一children,sheepfsheep二、名词所有格：“……的”表"B的A”如：aphotoofmyfamily.2.用“'s”或“，”。⑴、不是以s结尾名词在词尾"‘s"如：Mary'spen Women，sDay⑵、以s结尾的名词在末尾加"'"如：Mothers5DaytheJim'shouse⑶.几个人共同拥有，只在最后一个上加“'s",如：LucyandLilligmother.表示各自拥有时，每个名词后都要加“飞"，如：Lucy5sandLinda5sTherearesomebetweenTinaandBob.(different)Thegirl'slifestyleisfrommine.(difference)MostofthecansingEnglishsongs.(sing)ThenextisBen.(perform)wanttobeawhenIgrowup.(report)WeshouldlearnEnglishwellsothatwecancommunicatewith(foreign)Aisgoingtofiveaconcertthisweek.(piano)Becareful!Thatisdrivinglikeamaniac(疯子).(drive)Hedreamsofonedaybecomingafamous(violin)Howareyougoingtobecomeacomputer(program)Timwantstodosomeforhisfather.(cook)Theyhadainclassandmadenotes.(discuss)Oneofmy(hobby)isplayingtennis.Therelessnoise(噪音)intenyears.(be)Therearemanybiginourcity.(library)Shewouldliketobuysomeforherchildren.(sandwich)Allkindsofareusefultopeople.(machine)Ifthegirlbecomesateacher,shewillbeabletoworkwithlotsof(child).19Howmanyarethereinfootballteam?(play)Thestoreopensat8amon,butat9amatweekends.(weekday)Canyoucometotheofthesportsmeeting?(open)Wehavetwoimportantthisterm.(exam)HereisLucy's.Shewantsmetogiveittoyou.(invite)HerunclestayathomealldayandwatchedtwoexcitefootballlastSunday.(match)( )1.Grandmahasagardeninfrontofherhouse.Wealwayscaneatatherhome.A.vegetable,vegetable B.vegetables,vegetableC.vegetable,vegetables C.vegetables,vegetable()2.Thelittlechildateandfeltfull.AabreadBtwoboxofpopcornsCthreeslicesofturkeyDfourpiecesofmeats( )3.hoursdoyousleepeverynight?AHowlongBHowmuchCHowmanyDHowoften( )4.slicesofchickendoyouwant?AHowmuchBHowmanyCHowlongDHowabout( )5.Therearefewinthefridge.Let'sgoandbuysomepeas,carrotsandcabbages.AvegetablesBfruitCmeatDeggs冠词.不定冠词a/an⑴a用于辅音因素开头的词前，an用于元音因素开头的词前。eg:anorange,an44h,anhour,a"u”,a_boy.定冠词the(1)、特指前边或后边提到的那个、那些。eg:Ihaveapen,thepenismine..在序数词及形容词最高级前常用定冠词Thethirdmonththebestway.在乐器名词前加定冠词the.Eg:playtheguitar,playtheviolin..在世界上独一无二的事物前。Themoon,theearth.用于表示方位的名词前，inthenorthofChina.3.零冠词.四季、月份、星期、节日前不用：insummerNationalDay.三餐、球类、棋类、科学前不用：havelunch,playbasketball,playchess.)1.—Doyouknowwomaninred?—Yes,she'saprofessorofuniversity.Athe;aBa;anCthe;anD/;the)2.-Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup,Darning?—Well,—scientistlikeYuanLongping,Ithink.AtheBanCaD不填( )3.Theydidn'tlastFriday,becausetherewasaheavyrainatthatmoment.Aplaybasketball BplaythebasketballCplaythebasketball Dplaywiththebasketball代词1、人称代词表人称主格宾格形容词性物主名词性物主反身代词第一单Imemyminemyself第一复weusouroursourselves第二youyouyouryoursyourselfourselves第三人sheherherhersherself称单hehimhishishimself数itititsitsitself第三复theythemtheirtheirsthemselves.主格在动词前作主语，宾格在动词或介词后作宾语。多个人称代词同时出现时，单数为you,he/sheandL但承认错误、承担责任时，则要Lhe/sheandyou；复数为we,youandthey.形容词性物主代词在句中作定语，修饰名词；后面可以接名词..名词性物主代词相当于形容词性物主代词加名词，后面不能跟名词；.反身代词强调“亲自、本人”，作宾语时常用在enjoy,teach,help,lookafter,dress等后面，也可以放在介词后构成固定搭配。如：enjoyourselves=haveagoodtime=havefun(玩的开心)teachhimselfEnglish(自学英语)Bymyself(通过自己)2.不定代词.当不定代词有形容词修饰时，形容词要放后面。eg:somethinginteresting,anythingspecial.else置在疑问词和不定代词之后，如：Whatelse?Anythingelse?.不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要单数形式。eg:Nobodyknowsme.can'thelpwithanythingtoday.(he)LiXinghang?spianoismoreexpensivethan.Iknowheboughtherpianowithover20,000yuan.(me)Mytwinsister'shairisabitlongerthan(your)Ifwewearjearstoschool,theteacherwon'tletin.(we)( )1.Helearnedfromtheoldfarmerinthecountryside.Asomethingimportant BimportantsomethingCanythingimportant Dimportantanything( )2.A:Mum,Billiscomingtodinnerthisevening.B:OK,Let'sgivehimtoeat.A.differentsomething B.differentanythingC.somethingdifferent D.anythingdifferent( )3.Ifyoubringyourbrotherstotheclass,theteacherwillasktoleave.AmeBusCherDthem数词.基数词的写法和读法，(表数量)1~12：one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve⑵13〜19：个位数词的词干后加—teen构成，除thirteen,fifteen,eighteen.⑶整十的表示法：是在十位数词后面去-teen,再加-ty构成(thirty),除twenty,forty.(4)几十几：整十+个位数词，中间加上连字符"-"otwenty-one(5)三位数以上的词：eg:365:threehundredandsixty-five(6)hundred,thousand(千)，million(百万)，billion(十亿)，这些词前若有数字不加"s",有"s"必力口"of"。Eg:threehundredstudents,hundredsofstudents.2、序数词(表顺序)基数词变序数词的方法：l(first),2(secoiid),3(fliird)全变，8去t,9去e,ve要用f替，卬变为tie,然后再加th。(其他的直接在基数词上加th)3、年、月、日，星期，时刻的表示法(1)年：1949:nineteenforty-five1700:seventeenhundred(2)年月日：2008,6,15,(June15th,2008)(3)年代：应表示为“inthe+数词的复数” eg:20世纪8。年代(inthe1980s)(4)百分数表示法：“基数词+percent+M+名词”，谓语动词的单复数取决于后面的名词。Eg:80percentofstudentslikewatehsoapopera.(5)时刻有两种表示法①时前分后，用基数词顺读，如：1：30(onethirty)6:23(sixtwenty-three)②分前时后，过用past,不到用tooeg:2:10(tenpasttwo)5:55(fivetosix)③30分可用“half一半”，15分可用uquarter一刻，四分之一”表示12:30(halfpasttwelve)2:45(aquartertothree)takethemedicineaday.(two)Hermotherwantshertodrinkmilkaday.(one)Todayisafineday.Itisdayinthisweek.(fine))4.Somescientiststhinkthatitwilltakeofyearstomakerobotsdomostworkforhumans. A.hundredsBhundredCthousandDthousands形容词和副词一.形容词和副词的比较近和最高级1.变化规则⑴单音节词和少数双音节词：①一般加比较级加“-er”，最高级加“-est”fastffasterffastestcleverfclevererfcleverest以不发音的e结尾只加“-r,-st”(lateflaterflatest)以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节词，先变y为i再加“-r,-st"Easyfeasierfeasiest④以“辅+元+辅”结尾的词，先双写最后一个辅音字母再加"-er,-est”thinfthinnerfthinnest⑵多音节词和部分双音节词，在原级前比较级加more,最高级加mostbeautifulfmorebeautifulfmostbeautiful.特殊变化的词good/wellfbetterfbest littleflessfleastbad/badly/illfworsefworst many/muchfmorefmostfarffarther/furtherffarthest/furthestoldfolder/elderfoldest/eldestjumpfarther,furthereducation,.最高级的用法(三个或三个以上做比较).Whoisthetallest,Yaoming,YijinlianorSunyue.(tall)⑵.The+最高级+of/in+范围(三个或以上)eg:Tomisthetallestofthethreestudents..Oneof+最高级+名词的复数。"最…之一"Bobisoneofthebeststudents..形容词最高级前一般要加"the”，但前有my,your,first,last等修饰时不用"the”。Themostbeautifulvoiceintheworld.Jimismybestfriend.3.比较级的用法(两个之间的比较).在than前用比较级，eg:Todayissunnierthanyesterday..Whoisshorter(short),TomorBob?.比较级and比较级：越来越 eg:moreandmorebeautiful⑶.The+比较级+其他，The+比较级+其他：越……就越…….as...as“与 *样"，notas/so...as...."不如…"中间要形容词、副词的原形。Sheisasoutgoingashisbrother..较级前可用alittle,abit,much,many,alot,far,even,still,等不定量的词修饰。Muchb%erevenworsemanymorebooksalittleearlier二、形容词和副词的用法1.形容词的用法(……的)⑴置名(代)词前作定语：abeautifulgirlgoodstudents⑵置系动词后作表语：sheishonest.Lookshappy.(3)“+ed”表感觉，主语是人，“+ing”表特点，主语是物或修饰事物。eg:Iaminterestedininterestingstories.2.副词的用法(……地/得)⑴放形前：reallygood.(2)置动后：Shesingsverywell.⑶单独作状语：Luckily,wedidn'tgetwet.(luck)enough放在名词之前，形容词副词之后：enoughmoneycreativeenough四、频度副词Never,hardly,sometimes,often,usually,always,hardlyever在句中的位置，在系动词、助动词和情态动词之后，实义动词之前。Howoften提问频率。表示频率：every,onceaweek,twiceaday,threetimesamonth.1.Ginagotacoldyesterday,andshewasthismorning.soshestayedathome.(bad)thinkIamthanyou.(hungry)Myprandpaisthemostinmyfamily.(health)LingShashaisthemostoutgoinginourschool.Ofcoursesheismuchthanme.(outgoing)WhoissingerinChina,Naying,LiuHuanorHanHong?(famous)Heisthanhiscousinatplayingfootball.(good)OfalltheboysIknow,Hackisthe.(bad)Autumnisseasoninayear.(good)Whois,Ann,MeimeiorMary?(tall)1thinkthismovietheatreisthanthatone.(comfortable)IsHarbinthanHainan?(cold)Heaimstobeawriter.(success)1wastomeetyouhere.(luck)Theworkisreallydifficult.However,it'svery(interest)HehasapplesthanI.(few)Sheseemed(worry)Whichsubjectistheofall?(important)18.Thereismuchmilkinthebottlethaninthebowl.(much)( )1.TheykeepthedoorandIcan'tgetit.AclosingBclosedCclosesDclose( )2.A:LiYing,ourschoolwillmovetoanewplacenextyear!B.Thenewssounds.A.well B.real C.really D.stressedout( )3.1canhearyou.Pleasesayitagain.A.nearly B.hardly C.neverD.clearly( )4.Ifyoudon'tworkatschool,youwillgotoagoodcollege.Ahard;hardBhard;hardlyChardly;hardlyDhardly;hard( )5.Thelittlebabyishealthy.A.niceB.goodC.quietD.pretty( )6. Sophieisagril.She alwayssmilesandsayshellotoothers .A shyBfriendlyCcrazy Dhealthy( )7. Theteacherspeaksloudlyso thatthestudentscanhearher.AslowlyBquietlyCheavilyDclearly( )8.一HaveyoueverreadthebookHarryPotter?—Yes,andIthinkifsvery.Iwanttoreaditagain.AboringBexcitingCboredDexcited( )9.Maryhasthreebrothers.Smithisofthethree.AmostallBthetallestCtallestDtaller( )10.1didn'tknowwhichwas,soItookthemboth.AgoodBbetterCbestDthebest( )11.YoushouldpracticemoretoimproveyourEnglish,then,youwillbeatit.AgoodBbetterCbestDthebest( )12.—Whichdoyoulike,blueorgreen?—Blue.AbetterBbestCgoodDwell( )13.1amthanJackswimming.Agood;atBbetter;atCgood;inDfor;to( )14.一Peteristhanyou,right?-Yes,butheisrunnerinourclass.Aheavier;bestBheavy;thebestCheavier;thebestDheavy;better()15.ShuhaoLinisnowoneofbasketballplayerintheNBA.A.popularBmorepopularCthemostpopularDmostpopular( )16.Toliveagreenlife,weshouldtrytosaveenergyandproduce pollutionAmore;lessBless;moreCmore;fewerDmost;least( )7.1thinkthebuildingishigherthanthatone.A.veryBmuchCmanyDmore( )18.-Whatanicewatchitis!—Yes.Ifsoneofall.AexpensiveBmoreexpensiveCthemostexpensiveDcheapest( )19.Thefriendsyouhave,theyouwillbe.Amore;happyBmany;happyCmore;happierDmany;happier()20.ManyChinesestudentsthinksciencesubjectsareforeignlanguages.A.moredifficultasBlessdifficultthanCmuchdifficultthanDsodifficultas( )21.LiuHuanalwayssingsthanZhouJielun.AclearBclearlyCmoreclearlyDclearlier()22.LiHua'sshoesareasasZhangJie's.AcheapBcheaperCthecheaperDcheapers句型一、感叹句1、由what引导的感叹句，其基本句型为：.What+(形容词)+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语!Whatbigapplestheseare! Whatfineweatheritis!