托福分学科词汇汇总【范本模板】

托福词汇总分科汇(——-—part1.天文1ASTRONOMY天文astronomy天学astronomical天的astronomical天台astronomer天文学家astrophysics天文物理学astrology占学pseudoscience伪学cosmos(universe）宇cosmology宇宙学infinite无的cosmic宇宙的cosmicradiation宇辐射cosmicrays宇射线celestial天celestialbody（heavenlybody)天体celestialmap（skyatlas）天体图celestialsphere天球star)矮星类体，类星射电源constellation星座galaxy(Milky）新河系cluster星solarsystem太系solarcorona日冕solareclipse日食solarradiation太辐射1

planet行planetoid（asteroid)小行星revolve旋转，绕转twinkle闪烁肉眼Mercury水星金Earth地球Mars火星Jupiter木土Uranus天王星海星Pluto冥王星orbit轨道spin旋转satellite卫lunar月的meteor流meteorshower流雨流体meteorite陨彗星）太，外层空间spacecraft（spaceship）宇飞船spacemanastronaut)宇员，航天员suit宇航服，航天服shuttle航飞机空望镜astronaut宇员star恒stellar恒的intergalactic星系间的interstellar恒星间的interplanetary行间的2

asteroid小星nebula星云debris太垃圾ammonia氨corona日chromosphere色色层convectionzone对流层vacuum真空infraredray红外线chondrite球absolutemagnitude绝对量级radiation辐射emission发，散发high-resolution高晰度interferometer干仪分科汇(，mp3)———-part2。理GEOGRAPHY地理geography地geographer地学家hemisphere半meridian子线，经线parallel平圈，纬线latitude纬度longitude经度elevation海拔altitude高度latitudes温带地区horizon地平线equator赤tropics热地区Arctic北Antarctic（Antarctica）南expedition探timezone时区地，地形学plain平plateau(highland）高地lowland低basin盆(cave)洞terrain地域3

（地下coastland沿海地区island岛屿continentalisland大陆岛volcanicisland火山岛coralisland珊瑚岛islet小岛peninsular半岛continent大陆continentalshelf大架山脉valley峡canyon峡谷(strait）海remote—sensing遥感的terrestrial地的，陆地的terrestrialheat(geothermal）地terrestrial(geomagnetism）地continentaldrift大漂移学说sea—floorspreading海扩展evaporation蒸salinity含盐度oceanbottom海床沉物，沉积物tropical热的温的frigid寒的formation形frostheaving冻现象fieldstone卵石学词(wordmp3）—-—-part3。质geology地学geologist地学家crust地mantle地幔地核continentalcrust大地壳oceanic海地壳layer(stratum，数strata)地层plate板块fault断层faultplane断层面4

fault断层带rift(crack；）断disintegration(decomposition）分解erosion腐fossil化石igneousrock火成岩rock沉岩rock变质岩quartz石limestone石岩marble大理石granite花岩lithogenous岩的lithosphere岩石圈magma岩浆mineral矿物ore矿deposit矿床platinum白金，铂silver银黄铜铝tin锡lead铅zinc锌nickel镍mercury汞水银钠gem宝钻石绿石红宝石glacier冰glacial冰川的glacialepoch(age,period)冰期glacial冰渍iceberg冰volcano火山activevolcano活山extinctvolcano死火山volcano休眠火山eruption火喷发crater火口lava火岩浆5

volcanic火的volcanicdust火尘volcanicash火山灰(quaketremor;seism)地震seismic地的seismology地学震级seismicwave地波cataclysm灾分科汇(，mp3）。古人anthropologist人学家paleoanthropologist古类学家ecologicalanthropologist生态人类学家psychologicalanthropologist心理人类学家origin起源originate起于祖hominid人科homogeneous同一种族（种类）的tribe部clan氏archeologist考古学家excavation挖（unearth)挖ruins遗，废墟遗，遗骸artifact手艺品relic遗物，文物antique古，古董antiquity古，古老StoneAge石器时代Bronze（）铜器时代Age铁器时代Paleolithic旧石器时代的Mesolithic中器时代的Neolithic新器代的archaeology考学anthropology人类学形学skull颅cranial颅的6

分科汇(word，mp3)--——part5.生类5ECOLOGY生学ecologist生态学家ecosystem生态系统balance(ofnature)自界生态平衡fauna动群flora植物群rainforest雨chain食链acidrain酸greenhouseeffect温效应infraredradiation红外线辐射ozonelayer(ozonosphere)臭氧层ultravioletradiation紫外辐射pollution污pollutioncontrol污染控制airpollution空气污染waterpollution水染noisepollution噪音污染soilpollution土壤污染pollution-free无污染pollutant污物noxious）有的（有毒）废气废物solidwaste固垃圾sewage）污sewagepurification污水净化sewagedisposal污处理decibel（噪音）分贝分科汇(word，mp3)—--—part6气象类Meteorology气meteorology气象meteorologist气象学家forecast(predict)预climate气atmosphere大气层对层current（气流蒸蒸7

damp；moist;humid）潮湿的humidity湿moisture潮水分饱和dew露frost霜fog（）雾smog烟雾droplet小珠condense浓crystal水体(torrentialrain大雨（storm)暴雨drizzle细shower阵hail冰blizzard（snowstorm)暴风雪avalanche(snowslide)雪precipitation（雨、露、雪等）降水breeze微gale大whirlwind旋风typhoon台hurricane飓twister,cyclone)龙风funnel漏斗，漏斗云disaster（calamity，catastrophe)灾难devastation破坏淹旱灾分科汇word，mp3）—-part7化学类化chemicalproperty化特性，化学质chemicalcomposition(makeup)化成分chemicalagent化学试剂chemicalreaction化学反应chemicalchange化学变化chemicalbond化键chemicalapparatus化学器械（matter;物element元素periodictable周表8

hydrogen氢氧nitrogen氮helium氦碳calcium钙silicon硅sulfur硫iodine碘compound化物碳氢化合物derivative衍物炼术petroleum石油petroleumproducts石油产品crudeoil原油refine提，精炼gasoline汽油methane甲烷solution溶液dissolve溶解solvent溶剂solubility可性cohesive聚力adhesive粘力atom原子nucleus原核electron电子中子质molecule分子particle粒ion离子particleaccelerator粒加速器catalysis（复数catalyses)催化作用catalyst催剂artificial人造的synthetic合的syntheticfiber人纤维polymer聚物polymerization聚合作用plastic塑染化品9

分科汇(，mp3)-———part8物类8．物physics物力学thermodynamics热学acoustics声electromagnetism电学optics光动力学force力velocity速acceleration加度equilibrium平衡statics静力学motion运inertia惯gravitation引relativity相对gravity地引力vibration震medium(media)媒质频wavelength波pitch音高intensity强度echo回resonance回声，洪亮sonar声ultrasonics超学electricity电staticelectricity静磁,磁力magnet磁体electromagnet电magneticfield磁electriccurrent电directcurrent（DC)直电alternating(AC）交电electriccircuit电路electriccharge电electric电压electricshock触电10

electricappliance电导insulator绝体半体battery(cell）电drybattery干池storagebattery蓄池electronics电学electronic电子的electronic（电零件integratedcircuit集电路chip集电器片集块electrontube电子管vacuumtube真管transistor晶管amplification名词）放大amplify（动词）放大amplifier放大器，扬声器oscillation震optical光（)opticalfiber光纤lens透，镜片convex凸透镜concave凹镜显镜telescope望镜magnifier放大镜spectrum光ultraviolet紫外线XraysX线Gammaraysγ射infraredrays红外线microwaves微波dispersion色transparent透translucent半明不明的分科汇(word,mp3）————part9数类9MATHEMATICS数数家11

arithmetic算calculation计calculator计器abacus算盘numeral数sum和total(sumtotal)总和，总数总计fraction分，小数decimal十进位，（十进）小数digit数字,数位percentage百分比addition加plus加上subtraction减法减去multiplication乘multiplicationtable乘法表multiply乘times乘乘平方division除法divide除algebra代quantity表量的数或符号）equation方式，等formula公root根geometry几geometric几的dimension维paralleladj.平行的n。平行quadrilateral四边形正方形area面rectangle长方形,矩形polygon多形cube立形体球形circle圆ellipse（oval)椭圆形cone圆形12

circumference圆周diameter直radius半径triangle三角形angle角(角度calculus微分differentialcalculus微学integralcalculus积学function函probability概statistics统计quantitative量的，数量的qualitative质，质量的deduction(inference）推，演绎induction归分科汇(word，mp3)———-part10农业10AGRICULTURE农agriculture(farming）农业agricultural农业的land（soil)土;地soil土保护soilerosion泥流失粉，泥沙clay黏，湿土clod土agrarian土,业的pilot(experimental)试性的harrow(rake),土ridge田埂犁沟plot（patch）块地ranch农场，牧场plantation种植园orchard果nursery苗seedbed苗床sickle镰铲锹shovel（头）pick稿tractor拖机13

cultivate（till)耕sow（seed播种收割weed除irrigate灌manurefertilizer)肥spray喷洒(药（pesticide)杀剂pest害rust锈grain（cereal)谷物，谷粒granary（store）粮仓mill碾磨小麦玉rice大barley大sorghum高粱oats燕rye黑millet粟，小米vegetable蔬菜horticulture园学hydroponics水法，营养液栽培法，hotbed）温洋菜lettuce生mustard芥菜spinach菠broccoli花椰菜黄eggplant茄子辣南tomato西柿beet甜菜carrot胡卜radish小红萝卜豌soybean大celery芹菜garlic大leek韭onion洋头14

potato土花生sesame芝cotton棉husbandry(animalhusbandry)畜业pasture牧场livestock家畜fowl(poultry家禽cattle牛，家畜buffalo野dairy（dairycattle)奶dairyfarm乳场（饲料用）干草干草堆fodder饲料trough饲槽barn(shed牲口stable厩,马厩牛pigpen(hogpen,pigsty)猪圈sheepfold(sheeppen羊栏roost（house鸡舍fishfarm养场aquaculture水养殖分科汇word,mp3)--—-part11动类11ANIMAL动Darvinism达尔文学说naturalselection自选择class纲order目family科属亚species种invertebrate无椎动物vertebrate脊椎动物（life)水动物reptile爬行动物amphibiananimal)两栖动物dinosaur恐bird鸟extinction灭15

mammal哺动物primates灵目动物insect昆虫antenna（复数antennae)触larva幼，幼体伪装pest害worm虫，蠕虫hibernate冬lizard蜥蜴变色蜥蜴regeneration再生turtle龟野domesticate驯predatory(carnivorous）食肉的predator捕者prey（词）捕食（名词）被捕食的动物scavenger食动物migrate迁wing翅，翼bill（鸟）嘴（等的）嘴筑dolphin海豚whale鲸鱼bat蝙gorilla大猩黑猩猩habitat栖息地rodent啮齿动物（如松鼠）primate灵动物plankton浮生物mollusk软体动物coelenterate腔肠动物（如珊瑚）小虾对虾lobster对crab螃clam蛤海coral珊瑚starfish海16

canary金丝雀chirp（，虫的叫声唧唧squeak(老鼠等）吱吱porpoise海豚sloth树slothful懒的hygiene卫sanitation卫生parasite寄虫moth蛾caterpillar毛虫（昆虫等）群swarms（虫等）群flock（，羊等）群动的群落或人的部落兽（等束捧海狸monogamous一夫一妻的，一雄一雌的夫多妻的,一雄多雌的polyandrous一妻多夫的，一雌多雄的trapper诱捕动物者rhinoceros犀牛niche小生态环境vestige退化器官，遗迹牡蛎fertilizer使受精larvae幼tentacle触homotherm恒动物poikilotherm变动物metabolism新代谢狒breed名词品，（动词）繁殖multiply(reproduce）殖孵spawn(鱼、虾、蛙等孵offspring(young)解剖学anatomy解剖学appetite食生microbe微生物herbivorous食的17

carnivorous食肉的omnivorous杂的分科汇word,mp3)——-part12植物12植物植物学botanist植学家botanical(botanic)植的plant植物aquatic水植parasiteplant寄植物root根canopy树层顶foliage(leaf)叶leaflet小rosette（的）丛生茎stalk杆leafstalk叶（sprout）嫩芽抽枝flower花bud花petal花peelskin果皮shell（硬）果husk（）果壳；（玉米）苞trunk树branch树枝大者粗的树枝twig小枝bark树jungle丛林lawn草meadow草，牧场prairie大草原shrub(bush)灌木cluster一(灌)fern蕨类植物草photosynthesis光合作用symbiosis共wither，凋pollen花粉18

pollinate传花粉pollination授cell细tissue组织器system系种everlasting永的orchid兰pollinate授杂shrub灌木sequoia红rootpressure根压cohesion-tension凝压力腔肠花symbiotic共的immunity免疫生,有机物necrosis坏贫futile无用的（）碳化合物（淀)糖类glucose葡糖starch淀fat脂protein蛋白质vitamin维命calorie卡里（热量单位）营不良的nutrition营分科汇word，）-—-—part13治13POLITICS政治constitution宪legislation立Democrats民党Republicans共和党Amendment修正案美国Senate参议院众院19

君主制无政府主义federalsystem联制presidentialsystem总制municipal市的，政的metropolitan大都市的centralized中集的ideology意识形态maneuver擦略tariff关税immigrant移institutionalize机化election选投officeholding任否AmericanRevolution美革命独战争IndependenceWar美国独立战争AmericanCivilWar美内战radical激的根本的overturning颠覆性的independent独立的breathtaking激人心的military军的colonize拓,殖民percapita人treason叛conspiracy阴imprisonment监release释特赦accusation谴，指控welfare福资，赞助unionization联，结合分科汇(）-—-—part14育14EDUCATION教教育家highereducation高教育character道德品质领域faculty全教员20

alumni校友treasurer生委员，财务大臣electivesystem选制度curriculum课程（总称discipline学，管理learnrote死硬背分科汇word，音类15MUSIC音musicalinstrument乐乐string弦乐wind管shookrattle摇浪鼓drum击鼓点脚，跺脚percussion震，打击乐器note音score乐movement乐章fanatical狂的hillbillymusic乡音乐folkmusic民间音乐music流行音乐classicalmusic古典音乐Jazz爵士乐分科汇word，）--——part16心类PSYCHOLOGY心理mental心的physical身的，物的，物理的spiritual心灵的conformity从众majority多人minority少人threshold（理学）初始性判断subject受实验对象托阅历真文题:物21

（一生物类：chlorophyll叶素acids氨基酸protein蛋质nitrogen氮photosynthetic（）photosynthesis(n)光合作用植学botanist植学家lichen地,苔藓fungus（pl。fungi）菌algae(pl.alga)海藻bacterium(pl.bacteria）细菌有物rodent啮类动物primate灵长类动物mammal哺类动物reptile爬类动物predator捕者prey被食者aquatic水的artery动脉vein静脉fingernail指甲scale鳞claw爪horn角nourish滋养,给.。营养clam蚌crab虾狸池puddle水snail蜗虾hormone荷尔蒙intestine肠谷squash南豆类植物nectar花pollen花hive蜂巢moss苔22

hibernate冬眠penguin企reef礁coral珊瑚鸟嘴enzymes酵母larvae幼tadpole蝌蚪caterpillar毛蚱蜢toad蟾herbicide除剂secretion(n。secretev.）分pancreas胰气roe鱼卵caviar鱼子酱raccoon浣熊gland腺体cricket蟋托福听重要背景词集合一

租RENTINGAHOUSEland/lord，land/ladytypesdormitoryhostelhotelflat，bedsitterssurroundingsruralareas，suburb，downtownroomssingle，bedroombathroom,kitchen,balconyfacilitiesshower,centralheater(ing),，refrigeratorbedcentralair-conditioning（中央空调.electricstores(电),radiators暖气ectricity,utensil(器、用具、家庭用具）facilitiesinbedbedlinen，spread（罩）,pillow，mattresssheet,blanket,cushionpartsentrance（lobby,porch)personalinformationofboarders:payweekly/monthlylease,，unfurnished/furnishedblackout停电）guestsandhours23

二学校活(1)学习enrolment注册selective/elective/option选修课requiredcourse/compulsorycourse必修课coursearrangement课安排applicationform申表letterofrecommendation推信programme/program某一专业的课程总称school学院graduateschool研究生院undergraduate本postgraduate研生schoolofArtsandSciences文理学院score成credit学deGREes学位assessment对学生的学习情况进行评估handout上老师发的印刷品assignment作presentation针对某一专题进行的发言project需学生进行独立钻研的课外课题paper/thesis/dissertation论/硕士论文博士论文essay短论文journal周记/周要做的作业participation出lecture老的讲课tutorial助教的辅导（TeachingAssistant)助officehour教与学生面谈的时间coordinator课程协调人/主任（生活篇campus校commonroom（英）师生公用的休息室canteen餐dininghall食堂cafeteria自小餐厅accommodation住dorm/dormitory宿舍dormmate/roommate/flatmate/housemate合一间宿/公寓房屋的人24

parkinglot停车场parkingregulations停规定shoppingmall购中心teachingbuilding教学楼教室楼lecturetheatre大室阶梯教室administratingoffice/adminoffice行政办公室laboratory/lab实室studentunion学会society学社团club学俱乐部studentaccount银中的学生帐户currentaccount现帐户chequebook/checkbook支本withdrawcash取depositmoneyinbank存(3)课题究research研deadline最后期限poll(民意）调查survey调查hypothesis假statistics统statisticallyvalid统计学上有效的data/datum数据investigation调quantitative数量的/定量的significantdifference显著的差异interview访谈respondents/interviewee回调查问题者/访谈的人questionnaire调查问卷multiplechoicequestions选题analyze/analysedata分数据results结conclusion结论interpretation解/阐释opinion观点(4）课程篇mathematicliteraturehistory，25

psychology，physicsphilosophy,anthropologyArts（Science/Science（COMPUTERLAB计算篇labrulesprintercopierfaxmachinemodermMacintoshnetworkaccessthenet（）LIBRARY图书篇due,overdueandafine，renew，informationdeskstacks（书库open/closedshelves,librarycardcallslip（书单（undertitles/authors/subjects),periodical(magazinesandjournals),referencebooksbackissues，librarianandreader三指路指方befarfrom距某处很远benearby距某处很近gostraightacross/to/through径走过向/cross（）穿（某条街道）benextto紧邻turnleft/right左/右转goup/down向（北/下（南）goback/back/backup向走goeast/west/south/north向/南西/北goon/alongyoumeet…沿…一直走，直到…beonsb’sleft/right在某人的左/边bethefirst/second/thirdfromtheleft/r