高考英语语法名词性从句之主语从句全面剖析讲义

高中英语语法名词性从句之主语从句全面剖析主语从句全面剖析为使同学们更好地掌握其用法,本文对主语从句语法做了一个详细的梳理，帮助大家梳理主语从句的语序，连接词的选用等内容，对于it构成的主语从句做了详细的解释。一、主语从句的引导词主语从句通常由连词that和whether、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引导。1.

that引导That

she

is

still

alive

is

a

consolation.

她还活着是使人感到宽慰的。That

she

became

an

artist

may

have

been

due

to

her

father's

influence.

她成为画家可能是受她父亲的影响。That

you

are

coming

to

London

is

the

best

news

I

have

heard

this

long

time.

你将来伦敦是好久以来我听到的最好消息。That

she

was

chosen

made

a

tremendous

stir

in

her

village.

她被挑选上，在她村子里引起很大轰动。2.

whether引导Whether

it

will

do

us

harm

remains

to

be

seen.

是否对我们有害还要看一看。Whether

they

would

support

us

was

a

problem.

他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。3.

连接代词引导Whoever

is

top

from

wins

the

game

when

two

matched

players

meet.

两强相争勇者胜。Whichever

(of

you)

comes

in

first

will

receive

a

prize.

无论(你们)谁先到都可以得奖。Whichever

you

want

is

yours.

你要哪个哪个就是你的。4.

连接副词引导When

we

arrive

doesn't

matter.

什么时候到没有关系。How

it

was

done

was

a

mystery.

这是怎样做的是一个谜。Where

I

spend

my

summer

is

no

business

of

yours.

我在哪里过暑假不关你的事。5.

关系代词型what引导What

we

need

is

money.

我们需要的是钱。What

I

want

to

know

is

this.

我想知道的就是这一点。What's

done

is

done.

事已成定局。What

he

says

is

not

important.

他说的话并不重要。What

I

am

telling

you

is

mere

impressions.

我和你说的都不过是一些印象而已。What

make

the

river

more

beautiful

are

the

lotus

plants

growing

in

the

water.

为河水增色的是水里的荷花。What

you

need

is

a

good-sized

canvas

bag.

你需要的是一个比较大的帆布袋。What

I

am

afraid

of

is

their

taking

him

to

Portugal.

我担心的是他们把他带到葡萄牙去。What

struck

me

was

that

they

have

all

suffered

a

lot.

给我很深印象的是他们都受过很多苦。二、主语从句与形式主语it(1)

对于以连词that引导的主语从句，通常用形式主语代主语从句：It's

a

pity

that

he

didn't

come.

很遗憾他没来。It

is

important

that

he

should

know

about

this.

他必须知道此事。It's

vital

that

we

be

present.

我们出席是至关重要的。It

was

intended

that

you

be

the

candidate.

大家的意图是让你当候选人。It

is

important

that

this

mission

not

fail.

这项使命不失败至关重要。It

is

essential

that

a

meeting

be

convened

this

week.

本周开一次会非常重要。It

is

appropriate

that

this

tax

be

abolished.

废除这个税是恰当的。It's

unfair

that

so

many

people

should

lose

their

jobs.

竟有这么多人失业这是不公平的。(2)

对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句，可以使用形式主语代主语从句，也可直接在句首使用主语从句：Whether

they

would

support

us

was

a

problem.

他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。It

was

a

problem

whether

they

would

support

us.

他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。It

remains

to

be

seen

whether

it

will

do

us

harm

or

good.

它对我们是利是害，还得看看再说。(3)

对关系代词型what引导的主语从句，通常直接将主语从句放在句首。如：What

I

want

to

know

is

this.

我想知道的就是这一点。有时也可将助用形式主语。如：It

is

clear

enough

what

he

meant.

他是什么意思很清楚。(4)

如果句子是疑问句，则必须用带形式主语it的结构：How

is

it

that

you

are

late

again?

你怎么又迟到了？主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况首先我们大家都明白在复合句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。简单把它理解成名词，但形式是一个句子。那主语从句就是在句中作主语，主语从句的位置与陈述句中主语位置相同的(1)if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。ItisuncertainifhewillleaveforBeijingtomorrow.

(2)

It

is

said

,

(reported)

…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：

It

is

said

that

President

Jingo

will

visit

our

school

next

week.

(right)

That

President

Jiang

will

visit

our

school

next

week

is

said.

(wrong)

(3)

It

happens…,

It

occurs…

结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：

It

occurred

to

him

that

he

failed

in

the

examination.

(right)

That

he

failed

in

the

examination

occurred

to

him.

(wrong)

(4)

It

doesn’t

matter

how/whether

…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：

It

doesn’t

matter

whether

he

is

wrong

or

not.

(right)

Whether

he

is

wrong

or

not

doesn’t

matter.

(wrong)

(5)

含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：

Is

it

likely

that

it

will

rain

in

the

evening?

(right)

Is

that

will

rain

in

the

evening

likely?

(wrong)

注：What

引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that

则不然。例如：1)

What

you

said

yesterday

is

right.

2)

That

she

is

still

alive

is

a

consolation.

学习主语从句需要注意的核心问题主语从句是名词性从句的一种，指的是用来充当全句主语的句子，有时还会使用it充当形式主语，主语从句的使用率很高，在各类考试中的出现率也很高，但掌握起来并不容易！用来作主语的句子叫做主语从句。如：(1)Whenhewasbornisunknown.他生于何时还不知道。(2)Whathedidlastnightisbeinginvestigated.他昨天晚上干了些什么正在调查之中。在主语从句中须注意：1.主语从句一般用it作形式主语，放在句首，而将主语从句放到句末。如：(1)Itispossiblethathehasstolenthecar.很可能他偷了小车。(2)Isn’titstrangethatheshouldnothavepassedthetest?

他测试没有通过，难道不奇怪吗？2.if引导主语从句时，只能用it作形式主语，放在句首，而将if引导的主语从句放到句末。如：ItisuncertainifhewillleaveforBeijingtomorrow.明天他是否去北京还不敢肯定。3.that引导主语从句放在句首时，that不可省，但在句末口语中可省。如：Thathewasillyesterdayisknownnow.大家都已知道他昨天生了病。4.连接代词引导主语从句只能放在句首。如；(1)Whohasbrokentheglassisunknown.谁打破了玻璃现在还不知道。(2)Whathewa