2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读附答案k

2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读附答案（2022潍坊高三期中卷）Thoughresearchershavelongknownthatadultsbuildunconscious（无意识的）preferencesoveralifetimeofmakingchoicesbetweenthingsthatareessentiallythesame,thenewfindingthatevenbabiesengageinthisphenomenondemonstratesthatthiswayofjustifyingchoiceisintuitive（凭直觉的）andsomehowfundamentaltothehumanexperience.“Theactofmakingachoicechangeshowwefeelaboutouroptions/'saidAlexSilver,aJohnsHopkinsresearcher."Eveninfantswhoarereallyjustatthestartofmakingchoicesforthemselveshavethispreference."ThefindingsarepublishedtodayinthejournalPsychologicalScience.Peopleassumetheychoosethingsthattheylike.Butresearchsuggeststhatssometimesbackwards:welikethingsbecausewechoosethem.And,wedislikethingsthatwedon'tchoose."Adultsmaketheseinferencesunconsciously/'saidco-authorLisaFeigenson,aJohnsHopkinsscientistinchilddevelopment."Wejustifyourchoiceafterthefact."Thismakessenseforadultsinaconsumerculturewhomustmakerandomchoiceseveryday,betweeneverythingfromtoothpastebrandstostylesofjeans.Thequestionwaswhenexactlypeoplestartdoingthis.Sotheyturnedtobabies,whodon'tgetmanychoicesso,asFeigensonputsit,are"aperfectwindowintotheoriginofthistendency.0Theteambrought10-to20-month-oldbabiesintothelabandgavethemachoiceofobjectstoplaywith;twoequallybrightandcolorfulsoftblocks.Theysetthemfarapart,sothebabieshadtocrawltooneortheother一arandomchoice.Afterthebabychoseoneofthetoys,theresearcherstookitawayandcamebackwithanewoption.Thebabiescouldthenpickfromthetoytheydidn'tplaywiththefirsttime,orabrandnewtoy.Theirchoicesshowedthey"dis-prefertheunchosenobject//Tocontinuestudyingtheevolutionofchoiceinbabies,thelabwillnextlookattheideaof"choiceoverload/'Foradults,choiceisgood,buttoomanychoicescanbeaproblem,sothelabwilltrytodetermineifthatisalsotrueforbabies.Whatispeople'sassumptionabouttheactofmakingchoices?Theylikewhattheychoose.Theychoosewhattheylike.Theybasechoicesonthefact.Theymakechoicesthoughtfully.Whywerebabiesselectedassubjectsforthestudy?Tohelpthemmakebetterchoices.Toguidethemtoperceivetheworld.Totracktherootofmakingrandomchoices.Todeepentheunderstandingofaconsumerculture.Whatdoesthestudyonthebabiesshow?Theylikenovelobjects.Theirchoicesaremostlybasedoncolors.Theirrandomchoicesbecomepreferences.Theyareunabletomakechoicesforthemselves.Thelawof“choiceoverload0.Theproblemofadults'manychoices.Whytoomanychoicescaninfluenceadults.Whetherbabiesaretroubledwithmanychoices.BCCD（2022潍坊高三期中卷）Electronicswoven（编织）intofabricspromisetoopenupallkindsofinterestingpossibilities,fromclothingthatmonitorsmuscleactivityandtracksbreathing,togarmentsthatcantalktooneanother.Developingpliablepowersourcestogowiththemisanequallyimportantfieldofresearch,soscientistsattheUniversityofBritishColumbiahaveputforwardaparticularlyimpressivesolutionthattheysaycouldbethefirsteverbatterythatisbothstretchableandwashable.Todevelopabatterywithsuchcapabilities,thescientistsreimaginedthewaythesedevicesareputtogether.Ratherthanformingalithium-ionbatterypackedwithhardenedmaterialsinsidearigidexterior,theteamturnedtoanalternativechemistryinzinc-manganese（锌镒）dioxide,whichisappealingforitslowcostandsafety.Thesematerialsweregrounddownintotinypiecesandinsetinapolymer（聚合物）toformverythinandstretchablelayers."Wewentwithzinc-manganesebecausefordeviceswornnexttotheskin,it'sasaferchemistrythanlithium-ionbatteries,whichcanproducedeadlycompoundswhentheybreak,“saysNguyen.Theresultingbatteryisflexibleandcanbestretchedtotwiceitsnormallength,hasaspecificcapacityof160mAhg-1andkeeps75percentofitscapacityover500chargeanddischargecycles.Impressively,theteamfoundthebatterytowithstand39washcyclessofar.Theteamisnowworkingtoimprovethepoweroutputandlifetimeofthebattery,andsaysthecreationhasalreadyattractedcommercialinterest,withthecostexpectedtobesimilartoastandardrechargeablebattery.Theyimagineitbeingputtouseinwatchesandpatchesthatmeasurevitalsigns,andinsmartclothingthatdoesmuchthesamething.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“pliable“inparagraph1?A.Strong.Multiple.Reliable.Flexible.Whatwasamajorconsiderationforintroducingzinc—manganesebattery?Safety.Hardness.Comfortableness.Convenience.Whichaspectofthenewbatteryimpressedtheresearchersinparagraph4?Itswashability.Itsstretchlength.Itsmas