2015届高中英语外研版（通用）【配套WORD文档】Book 3 Module 2

重点单词1.ine/′Inkʌm/n．收入2.position/pə′zIʃn/n．位置3．figure/′fIɡə/n．数字；身材，体形；v.计算4.homeless/′həʊmləs/n．无家可归的5．transport/′trænspɔːt/n．交通工具；v.运输6.exchange/Iks′tʃeIndʒ/n．交换7．entertainment/ˌentə′teInmənt/n．娱乐；款待8.poverty/′pɒvəti/n．贫穷→pooradj.贫穷的9．development/dI′veləpmənt/n．发展→developv．发展；冲洗胶卷→developingadj.发展中的→developedadj.发达的10．measure/′meʒə/vt.测定；测量；评估；n.步骤；措施；办法；适量；适度11．expectancy/Ik′spektənsi/n．(根据概率得出的)预期数额→expectvt.期待，预期，盼望12．educate/′edjʊˌkeIt/vt.教育；培养；训练→educationn．教育13．similarity/ˌsImə′lærəti/n．类似；相似→similaradj.相似的14．unfortunate/ʌn′fɔːtʃənət/adj.不幸的；遗憾的→fortunateadj.(反义词)幸运的15．polluted/pə′luːtId/adj.被污染的→pollutevt.污染→pollutionn．污染16．hunger/′hʌŋɡə/n．饥饿→hungryadj.饥饿的17．crowded/′kraʊdId/adj.拥挤的→crowdn．人群；v.聚集；挤满；挤入重点短语1.upto直到2.reduce...to减至3．increase...by以……的幅度增加4.makeefforts努力5．becloseto接近，靠近6.atthetopof在……顶端7．atthebottomof在……底部8.makeprogress取得进步9．takemeasures采取措施经典句型1.FromthisagreementcametheHumanDevelopmentReport.《人类发展报告》就来自这份协议文件。2．Norwayisatthetopofthelist，whiletheUSisatnumber7.挪威高居榜首，而美国则排在第七。3．However，inotherregionsoftheEurope，waterisnowmostlysafetodrink.当然在世界的其他地方，例如东欧，现在的饮用水大多是安全的。4．It’sanagreementbetweentownsorcitiesofsimilarsizeandage，and...这是大小和历史相似的城镇或城市之间的一份协议，而且……5．Thisisbecauselivingwithaforeignfamilyforoneortwoweeksmeansthatyouhavetospeaktheirlanguage，andasaresultyouimprovefast.这是因为和外国家庭在一块儿生活一两周就意味着你不得不说他们的语言，所以你会进步很快的。语境记忆Withlittleornoine，morethan10%ofthepeopleinthisareanowlivebelowthepovertyline.Theyarestronglyhungryforabetterlife.Buttherealpovertyisignorance，notwantofmoney，soweneedtofirstofalltakemeasurestodevelopeducation.Soonitwillpromotethedevelopmentofthisarea.构词记忆eq\x(­ian)musician/ˌmjuː′zIʃən/n．[C]音乐家；作曲家physician/fI′zIʃən/n．[C]医生；内科医生politician/ˌpɒlə′tIʃn/n．[C]政治家；政客1．Thousandsofpeoplegohungryeveryday.Iftheydon’thaveenoughtoeat，they’lldieofcoldandhunger.(hungry)2．Theregularbusesgoingtothecitysquarearealwayscrowded.Wheneveronesuchbusstops，acrowdofpeoplewillcrowdontoit，thusmakingitevenmorecrowded.(crowd)3．Abitofourgenerositymightbrightenthewholeworldoftheunfortunate(不幸的)．4．Ajazzbandprovidedtheentertainment(娱乐)，whilepeopleateanddrankunderthestars.5．Ourgoal(目标)forthemomentistotryandscorepointsateachrace.6．Inthepastfiveyears，therehasbeenanvast(巨大的)improvementingraduationrates.7．I’mnotsurewhatIwoulddoifIwereinyourposition.8．Canyoutellmewhatyouwouldgivemeinexchangeformyrecorder?1eq\x(developmentn.发展；发育；成长gradualgrowthof；壮大；进展情况，发展阶段)withthedevelopmentof随着……的发展developv.开发；发展；壮大；冲洗胶卷；增强as...develops随着……的发展developern.开发商；开发者developmentaladj.发育中的，开发中的；发展的，成长的，进化的Developmentinwisdom，emotion，health，andlifeattitudeshouldneverbeignored.在智慧、情感、健康和人生态度方面的发展不应该被忽视。(2011·陕西·书面表达)Withthedevelopmentoftechnology，puteralsoadvancesquickly.随着技术的发展，计算机也在快速发展。夯实基础用develop的适当形式填空(1)Chinaisadevelopingcountry，butnowwithitsdevelopment，moreandmorepeoplethinkitmaybeeadevelopedonesoon.(2)Aretherefurtherdevelopmentsintheinvestigation?(3)Theproductisstillatadevelopmentalstage.(4)Heisaskilledsoftwaredeveloper.2eq\x(measurevt.&vi.测量；衡量，判定价值等assess；n.尺度；措施，方法action)

takemeasures/steps/actiontodo...采取措施做……makesth.toone’smeasure照某人的尺寸做某物measure...by...用……来衡量……insomemeasure在某种程度上takeone’smeasure给某人量尺寸Shouldwejustpaylipserviceortakepracticalmeasurestoprotectit?我们是敷衍了事还是采取实际措施保护它呢？Doyoumeasurethedistancebetweenthosetwodevelopmentareas?你们测量了那两个开发区之间的距离了吗？夯实基础(1)Pleasemakeasuittomymeasure(按我的尺寸)．(2)Hissuccesswasinsomemeasure(在某种程度上)duetohisbeingintherightplaceattherighttime.(3)Theclassroommeasures30feetlongand20feetwide(长30英尺宽20英尺)．3eq\x(positionn.姿势；位置，方位；职位；观点；地位；v.安置；安装)inone’sposition处于某人的位置状况inposition在适当的位置taketheposition认为outofposition不在适当的位置I’mreallyinterestedinthispositionandhopeIcanworkforyou.我真的对这个职位感兴趣，希望能为你工作。 (2011·辽宁·书面表达)Leavethebandageinpositionuntilthedoctortellsyoutoremoveit.让绷带保持原样，直到医生叫你拆掉为止。特别提醒当position后跟定语从句且position在从句中作状语时，引导词应用where。夯实基础(1)Theagencytakesthepositionthattheirproductsarebest­sellers(认为他们的产品是最畅销的)．(2)Hehasreachedapositionwhereitisdifficultforothers(已经到达了一个对别人来说很难的位置)．4eq\x(figuren.数字；身材；体形；人物；v.计算；认为)

keepone’sfigure保持体形figureout弄懂；计算Lincolnisregardedasoneofthemostinspiringfiguresintheworld.林肯被认为是世界上最鼓舞人心的人物之一。 (2012·浙江·书面表达)Ican’tfigureoutwhyhequithisjob.我琢磨不透他为什么要辞掉工作。夯实基础(1)写出下列句子中figure的汉语意思①Shehasagoodfigure. 身材②By2014，thisfigurehadrisento14million. 数字③ChairmanMaoisanimportantpoliticalfigure. 人物(2)Thepresentsituationisveryplex，soIthinkitwilltakemesometimetofigureoutitsreality(弄清楚真实情况)．5eq\x(crowdedadj.拥挤的)becrowdedwith挤满了……crowdin涌上心头；涌入脑海acrowdof一群；一伙；一堆crowdsof成群的……；许多followthecrowd随大流Itisimpolitebehaviortosmokeinacrowdedbus.在拥挤的公共汽车上抽烟是不礼貌的行为。Thehungryrefugeescrowdedaroundthetractors.饥饿的难民聚集到拖拉机周围。夯实基础(1)用crowd短语的适当形式填空①MyfatherwarnedmeagainstgoingtotheWestCoastbecauseitwascrowdedwithtourists.②Everythingiscrowdinginonme.(2)Youhavecrowdedtoomanyideasinto(已把太多的观点融入到)oneparagraph，soyou’dhavesomecut.6exchangen.交换；互换givingandreceiving；交流munication；兑换；v.调换；交换；交流municate；兑换change

exchangeAforB拿A换Bexchangesth.withsb.与某人交换某物inexchangefor变换；交换inexchange作为交换Heexchangedaquicksmilewithher，thenenteredthelift.他和她匆匆相视一笑，然后走进了电梯。Knowledgeexchangeisneveraone­waystreet.交流知识绝不是一条单行道。图解助记夯实基础语法填空(1)WherecanIexchangemydollarsforpounds?(2)IexchangedseatswithBill.(3)Hegavemeanappleinexchangeforapieceofcake.eq\x(upto，withouteffort，makesure，takemeasures，makeprogress)1．IthinkIlockedthefrontdoor，butI’dbettermakesure.2．Uptosixpeoplecansleepinthebus.3．Hefinishedthetaskwithouteffort.4．Weareallsurprisedthathehasmadesuchgreatprogressinsuchashorttime.5．Thegovernmentisgoingtotakemeasurestohelpthepoor.

1eq\x(makeefforts/anefforttodosth.努力做某事trytodosth.)makeeveryefforttodosth.尽一切努力做某事inanefforttodosth.为了做某事sparenoeffortstodosth.不遗余力地做某事withouteffort毫不费力地Everyeffortisbeingmadetodealwiththeissuesyouraisedatthelastmeeting.正在尽一切努力处理你在上次会议上提出的问题。Heliftedtheboxwithouteffort.他毫不费力地把箱子搬了起来。夯实基础(1)Iknowyoudon’tlikeher，butyoucouldmakeaneffort/effortstobepolite(尽量礼貌些)．(2)Thepanyhaslaidoff150workersinanefforttosavemoney(为了节省资金)．(3)Ifyoustudy，wewillsparenoeffort(s)tosupportyou(会不遗余力地支持你)．2eq\x(becloseto接近于；在……附近；与……关系密切)closedown工厂等关闭，歇业closeup关闭，停歇，靠近Englishpeopledonotliketobetooclosetooneanotherunlessthereisareason.英国人不喜欢彼此靠得太近，除非另有原因。Theirfactoryhadtoclosedownforgood.他们的工厂只好永远关闭。特别提醒close指距离上的近；closely则指细心地，仔细地。ecloseandwatchhimclosely.靠近点，仔细观察他。夯实基础(1)用close，closely填空①Weareclosefriendsandwelikewatchingclosegames.②Theboyfollowedhismotherclosely.③Don’tstandsoclosetoher.(2)完成句子①Lookout！Don’tgetclosetothetiger(靠近老虎)．②Thelittlegirlwasclosetotears(就要哭出来了).1．Childrenneedfriendsoftheirownage(与他们同龄的)toplaywith.2．ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter，whileinfact，Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter(而事实上我在谈论我女儿)．3．Although/Though/Whilewearefacedwithalotofdifficultiesnow(虽然我们现在面临许多困难)，we’lloverethem.4．Hearrivedlaterthanusual.Thiswasbecause(这是因为)thebuswasdelayedbythefog.5．Somelongandplexsentencesarehardtounderstand(难以理解)．1Norwayisatthetopofthelist，whiletheUSisatnumber7.挪威高居榜首，而美国则排在第七。eq\x(句型公式：while的用法)while用法较多，既可用作连词，也可用作名词。1表示“在……期间；当……时候”，指一段时间，引导时间状语从句；2表示“只要”，引导条件状语从句；3表示“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句；4表示“而；却”，是并列连词，构成并列句；5用作名词，表示“一会儿；一段时间”，如afterawhile过了一会儿；onceinawhile偶尔，间或。Hetoldtwostories.Theformerwasinterestingwhilethelatterwasboring.他讲了两个故事，前者很有趣，然而后者很枯燥。Whilehehasshortings，Istilllikehim.尽管他有缺点，我还是喜欢他。夯实基础翻译句子(1)许多人喜欢从事不同的运动，然而有些人只是喜欢观看它们。Manypeopleenjoyplayingdifferentsportswhileothersjustenjoywatchingthem.(2)我们只要紧密地团结在一起，就一定能克服这些困难。Wecansurelyoverethesedifficultieswhilewearecloselyunited.2It’sanagreementbetweentownsorcitiesofsimilarsizeandage，whichhavesimilarfeaturessuchastourism，industry，cultureandentertainment.,这是大小和历史相似的城镇或城市之间的协议，它们有相似的特点，如：旅游业、工业、文化和娱乐等等。eq\x(句型公式：beof＋抽象名词)1“beof＋抽象名词”相当于“be＋形容词”。2有些抽象名词没有相应的形容词形式：beofthesize/age/shape/type...Thisquestionisofgreatimportance.＝Thisquestionisveryimportant.这个问题很重要。Eachhour，eachminute，andeachsecondisofgreatvaluetous.每小时、每分钟、每秒钟对我们来说都很宝贵。夯实基础(1)Thetwoboysareofthesameage，buttheyareofdifferentheights.这两个男孩年龄相同但他们的身高不同。(2)Thisdictionaryisofgreat/muchusetolearnersofEnglish.＝ThisdictionaryisveryusefultolearnersofEnglish.这本词典对英语学习者很有用。选词填空eq\x(however，but，while)(1)Wehadinvitedhim，buthedidn’tetotheparty.(2)Theplan，however，hasprovenimpracticalatall.(3)Youlikesports，whileI’dratherread.(4)Sailinginroughweathercanbeveryunpleasant.However，wefounditexciting.(5)Hetriedhardbutdidnotsucceed.Ⅰ.教材活用——根据课文内容完成下面的短文In2000,147worldleadersagreedtoworktogethertoreducepovertyby20151.orearlier.FromthisagreementcametheHumanDevelopmentReport.Thereport2.mainly(main)includestwoaspects.OneistheHumanDevelopmentIndex，3.whichmeasurestheachievementsof175countriesin4.threeways：lifeexpectancy，educationandine.The5.otheristheDevelopmentGoals，andthemostimportantonesareto：reducepovertyandhunger；makesurethatallchildrenhaveeducationup6.totheageof11；fightAIDSandotherdiseases；improve7.theenvironmentofpoorpeople；encourage8.developed(develop)countriestogivemorehelptoothercountries.9．Based(base)onsomeexamples，thereportfinallyshowsthatwearemakingsomeprogressbut10.thatweneedtomakegreaterefforts.Ⅱ.课外拓展——阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式Researcher：Goodafternoon，ma’am.I’m1.doing(do)somemarketresearchandI’mhopingyoumighthaveafewminutestoanswersomequestions.Woman：Okay，sure.Researcher：Great！Thankyouverymuch.Firstofall，doyouowna2.personal(person)puter?Woman：Ofcourse！Doesn’teveryone?Researcher：Howlonghaveyouowned3.it?Woman：I4.bought(buy)thisparticularputerlastyear.ButIgotmyfirstPCin1995.Researcher：Isee.And5.whatdoyouprimarilyuseyourputerfor?Woman：Well，Iuseittosendemailsalot，andum，Ihave6.ateach­yourselfFrenchprogram.AndIshoponlineprettyoften.Researcher：Nowyou’vementionedemailandonline7.shopping(shop)，doyouusetheInternet8.foranyotherpurposes?Woman：Notreally.Ihaven’tgotaroundto9.exploring(explore)ittoomuch.Researcher：Okay，thanks.Sorrytohave10.given(give)yousomuchtrouble.Thanksagain.Ⅰ.阅读理解ADuringmyfirstsevensemestersasamedicalstudentatGadjahMadaUniversityinIndonesia，Ispentmostofmytimestudyingintheclassroom.Irarelyspokewithrealpatientsinahospitalsetting.ThenlastyearIstartedvisitingtheneurology(神经)wardatDr.SardjitoHospital.Iwasgatheringdataformypaper.AtthehospitalIwouldreviewthemedicalrecordsofnewlyadmittedstrokepatients，theninterviewthemtofindoutiftheyweretakingthepill.Onecold，rainyeveninglastOctober，Iwasintheneurologywarddesperately“hunting”forthefinalthreepatientsIneededtopletemystudy.Therecordsshowedthattherewasa43­year­oldstrokepatient，whomIwillcallMsA，intheward.Holdingapatientquestionnaire，Iwentintoherroom.Iaskedhowshewasdoing.Shesoftlyrepliedthatshewasgettingbetterbuttheleftsideofherbodywasstillweak.AfterIfinishedthequestionnaire，IpreparedtoleavesoIcouldgothroughmoremedicalrecords.BeforeIcouldstandup，MsAstartedmakingconversation，askingwhereIwasfromandwhyIwasworkingsolateintheevening.Iwassurprisedsomeoneinherconditionwouldwanttotalk.MsAstartedtalkingaboutherself.Shetoldmeshehadthreechildreninprimaryschool，whowerestayingwithaneighbor.Herhusbanddiedayearagoandsheisthesolebreadwinnerofherfamily.Ididn’tknowwhattosay.Ijustsatquietlywhileshetalked.Withoutrealizingit，IhadbegunholdingMsA’shand.Theconversationwentonlikethisforabout20minutes.Afewdayslater，whenIreturnedtotheward，IdiscoveredthatMsAhadbeendischargedasherconditionhadimproved.MsAtaughtmeoneofthemostimportantlessonsadoctorcanlearn.Sometimespatientsdonotneedexpensivemedicineorstate­of­the­arttechnology.Theyjustneedsomeonewiththepatienceandwillingnesstolendanearandsparealittleoftheirtime.1．Accordingtothefirstparagraph，theauthor.A．hadalreadyworkedasadoctorB．enjoyedtalkingwiththepatientsC．providedthepatientswiththepillsD．seldomvisitedthepatientsinhospital答案D解析细节理解题。第一段说作者读医学院时，前七个学期都在教室里学习，很少在医院的环境中与真正的病人说话，去年才开始在一家医院探视神经病房，并翻阅刚入院的中风病人的医疗记录，探望他们，以确保他们在服药。根据这些陈述可知选D。2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEofMsA?A．Shewasveryfamiliarwiththeauthor.B．Herhusbanddiedbecauseofseriousillness.C．Shewastheonlypersontosupportherfamily.D．Shehadtoleaveherchildrenaloneathome.答案C解析细节理解题。从文章的叙述看，作者与这个病人并不熟(A项错误)；没有说她丈夫的死因(B项错误)；她有三个孩子在上，她是全家唯一养家糊口的人(thesolebreadwinnerofherfamily，C项正确)；她住院了，孩子在邻居家(D项错误)。3．Theunderlinedphrase“hadbeendischarged”inParagraph4issimilarinmeaningto.A．hadbeenallowedtoleavehospitalB．hadn’tneededtopayforherillnessC．hadbeenrecoveredfromherillnessD．hadbeenhappywithherhealthcondition答案A解析词义猜测题。从画线部分的后面一句看，这个病人在与我交流之后没几天就出院了。因此选A。4．Thelastparagraphisintendedtotellusthat.A．municationwithpatientsisessentialfordoctorsB．expensivemedicineisnecessaryforpatientstorecoverC．hightechnologyplaysanimportantpartincuringpatientsD．doctorshouldn’tgainmoneybypromotingthemedicine答案A解析推理判断题。作者从这次的经历总结出，有时候病人需要的不是昂贵的药品而是有人愿意耐心地倾听他们，因此选A，“医生与病人的交流是很重要的”。BThereoncewasamasterwhowenttoIndia.Inthosetimes，wedidn’thavethemunicationsorairplanesormanykindsoftransportationthatwedonow.SothemasterwenttoIndiaonfoot.HehadneverbeentoIndiabefore；perhapshecamefromPersia.Andwhenhegotthere，hesawalotoffruit.InIndiatheyhadplentyoffruittosell，butmuchofitwasexpensivebecausetheycan’tgrowmuchduetothewatersituation.Thenhesawonebasket，abigbasketofsomeveryred，longfruit.Anditwasthecheapestintheshop，notexpensiveatall. Sohewentupandasked，“Howmuchperkilo？”Theshopkeepersaid，“Tworupees.”TworupeesinIndiaisnothing；it’slikedirt.Soheboughtawholekilogramofthefruitandstartedeatingit.Butafterheatesomeofit：oh，myGod！Hiseyeswatered，hismouthwateredandburned，hiseyeswereburning，hisheadwasburningandhisfacebecamered.Ashecoughedandchokedandgaspedforbreath，hejumpedupanddown，saying，“Ah！Ah！Ah！”Buthestillcontinuedtoeatthefruit！Somepeoplewhowerelookingathimshooktheirheadsandsaid，“You’recrazy，man.Thosearechilies(辣椒)！Youcan’teatsomany；they’renotgoodforyou！Peopleusethemasacondiment，butonlyalittlebittoputintofoodfortaste.Youcan’tjusteatthembythehandfullikethat；they’renotfruit！”Butthestupidmastersaid，“No，Ican’tstop！Ipaidmoneyforthem，andnowI’lleatthem.It’smymoney！”Youthinkthatmasterwasstupid，right？Similarly，wesometimesdoalotofthingslikethat.Weinvestmoney，timeoreffortinarelationship，businessorajob.Andeventhoughit’sbeenalongtime，bitterexperiencetellsusitwon’twork，andweknowthere’snomorehopethatthingswillchangeinthefuture—thiswedefinitelyknowbyintuition—westillcontinuejustbecausewe’veinvestedmoney，time，effortandloveintoit.Ifso，we’rekaput(运转不正常)inthebrain，justlikethemanwhoatethechiliesandsufferedsomuchbutcouldn’tstopbecausehedidn’twanttowastethemoneyhe’dpaid.Soevenifyou’velostsomething，letitgoandmoveon.That’sbetterthancontinuingtolose.5．Whydidthemasterbuy