2023版高考英语大一轮复习Unit2Robots复习练案新人教版选修7

PAGEPAGE2Unit2RobotsⅠ.阅读理解A(2022·郑州质量检测三)eq\x(导学号42492689)Weuserobotsfortaskslikebuildingcarsandsortingmail,butcanweusethemasstand­upcomedians(单口相声演员)inthefuture？OnerobotcalledRoboThespianhasbeentryingoutsomejokes.ResearchersfromQueenMaryUniversityofLondonorganizedRoboThespian'sperformancestotestwhetheritcouldbeasfunnyasahuman.TheelectroniccomedianwentonstageforashowwithBritishcomediansAndrewO'NeillandTiernanDouieb,performingthesamejokesasDouiebbutwithafewchanges—itisarobotafterall.Therobothassomeadvantagesoverhumancomedians,too.“Weusedcomputervisionandaudiosoftwaretonoticetheresponseofeachaudiencemember,somethingahumancomediancannotdo，〞saidKleomenisKatevas,therobot'sprogrammer.“Themachineusedthisinformationtodecidewhotolookatandwhichgesturestouse.〞Therobotalsohasotheradvantagesoverhumancomedians.Impressionsofotherpeopleandsoundsareverypopularwaysforperformerstogetlaughs,andaccordingtoNewScientistreporterCelesteBiever,therobotcanperformrecordedsoundbysimplyplayingitback.ItcanalsoactoutprogrammedpiecesfromShakespeareorjustaboutanythingelse.“Anotheroftherobot'sadvantagesismoresurprising.BecauseIfeellessempathy(同感)forRoboThespianthanforthehumancomedians，Ifeelmorerelaxedduringhisperformances，〞Bieveradded.Andofcourse,RoboThespianisunlikelytofeelasnervousasothercomedians,orbeaffectedtoobadlybyanaudiencemembershoutingatit.TheQueenMaryresearcherssaythey'remostinterestedinhowaudiencescanbepartofliveperformances.Sointhefuture,wemaybewatchingrobotsperformingexactlytheshowwewanttosee.Doyouthinkit'stimefortherobottowritesomemorejokes?文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。伦敦玛丽皇后大学的研究人员组织了机器人RobeThespian的表演来测试它是否可以像人一样滑稽，并介绍了机器人表演的优势。1．WhywasRoboThespianoriginallydeveloped？__C__A．Tohelphumancomediansperformbetteronstage.B．Tofindoutifrobotscouldunderstandhumanjokes.C．Toseeifrobotscouldperformlikehumancomedians.D．Toassisthumancomedianstomakeupsomebetterjokes.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，伦敦玛丽皇后大学的研究人员组织了RoboThespian的表演，目的是测试它能否像人一样滑稽。应选C。2．WhenRoboThespiangaveperformancesonstage,it__C__.A．imitatedtheaudience'svoicestomakethemlaughB．wasaffectedeasilybyanaudiencemembershoutingatitC．performedcompletelydifferentjokesfromhumancomediansD．recordedeachaudiencemember'sreactionandactedaccordingly解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Weusedcomputervision...whichgesturestouse.〞可知，研究人员使用计算机视频和音频软件来捕捉每一个观众的反响，RboThespian那么利用这些信息来决定去看谁以及使用哪些手势做出相应的表演。应选C。3．WhatdoesCelesteBieverthinkofrobotcomedians？__D__A．Hebelievesthefutureofcomedyliesinthem.B．Heconsiderstheirjokesasratherpoorandboring.C．Hethinkstheyaren'tsuitableforliveperformances.D．Hefeelsmorecomfortablewatchingtheirperformances.解析：细节理解题。根据第六段第二句中的“Ifeelmorerelaxedduringhisperformances〞可知，CelesteBiever在观看机器人表演时感到非常放松。应选D。4．Whatisthearticlemainlytalkingabout？__A__A．TherobotcomedianRoboThespiananditsadvantages.B．Robottechnologyusedtohelpuswithourfuturedailytasks.C．Predictionsofthecomedyofthefutureandconcernsaboutit.D．Acomparisonbetweenhumancomediansandrobotcomedians.解析：文章大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了伦敦玛丽皇后大学的研究人员组织了机器人RoboThespian的表演来测试它是否可以像人一样滑稽，并介绍了机器人表演的优势，应选A。B(2022·九江市高三二模)eq\x(导学号42492690)Robotsperformingtasksaccordingtoapredeterminedsetofinstructionsarenothingnew.Butrobotsabletolearnhowtocookbywatchingvideosareacompletelydifferentapproach,whichisconductedbyagroupofresearchersattheUniversityofMaryland.IfyouhavepostedavideoofyourfavoriterecipeonthepopularwebsiteYouTube,chancesarethatitwillbeusedbyarobot.UniversityofMaryland'sprofessorYiannisAloimonos,leaderofthegroup,said“ThereexistsalargeamountofvideoinformationontheInternetthatourrobotscancapitalize_on.〞“Atpresent,thevideosarefedelectronically，〞saidresearchscientistCorneliaFermuller.“Originally,wetookourownvideos,ourcameraslookingatusdoingthecooking，〞sheexplained.“And,astherobotadvances,itreactstogoodqualityvideos.Anditwillreacttoevenlowerqualityhomemadevideos.〞Sofar,therobotnamedJuliacanmakeasimplesaladbybreakingeachtaskintobasicparts,suchasgraspingaspoon,bringingittothebowl,stirringthesaladandobservingtheresults.Butwhyteacharobothowtounderstandavideowhenitcaneasilyfollowafixedprogram?Aloimonosbelievespredeterminedinstructionslackflexibility.Hethinksoneoftheproblemsishowtomaketherobotunderstandandusewhatitlearnsduringacertaintask,theso­calledfeedback(反响意见)；anotheristheintroductionoflanguage.“Ibelieveitwilltakequitesometimebeforetherobotsareabletounderstandmetaphorical(比喻性的)language，〞headded.“But，〞hesaid,“wedon'tneedthattocreateanewworldwheretherobotswillbeworkingforus.〞文章大意：机器人按既定指令完成任务并不让人觉得新鲜，但能看着视频学做饭的机器人，你可能前所未闻。5．Theunderlinedphrase“capitalizeon〞inParagraph2probablycanbereplacedby“__B__〞．A．takeholdof B．makeuseofC．keeptrackof D．catchsightof解析：词义猜想题。由第二段的第一句“Ifyouhaveposted...usedbyarobot.〞可知，机器人能利用网上大量的视频信息。结合第二段的最后一句可知，capitalizeon应与“makeuseof〞意思相近，因此选择B项。6．Aloimonosprobablyagreesthatatpresenttherobot__A__.A．cannotfullydigestwhatitlearnsB．cannotmakeasimplesaladC．canfollowhome­madevideosD．canunderstandmetaphoricallanguage解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段Aloimonos的话可知，该机器人目前还不能理解比喻性的语言。根据倒数第二段的最后一句可推知，Aloimonos可能认为目前该机器人还不能完全消化它学的东西，应选择A项。7．Robotsaretaughttounderstandavideomainlybecause__D__.A．theycaneasilyfollowfixedprogramsB．theyaresmartenoughtolearncookingC．cookingvideosaremoreinterestingtowatchD．predeterminedinstructionsarenotflexible解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的前两句“Butwhyteacharobot...afixedprogram？Aloimonosbelievespredeterminedinstructionslackflexibility.〞可知，教机器人理解视频是因为预定指令不够灵活，应选择D项。8．Whichofthefollowingmightbestserveasthetitleofthepassage？__C__A．RobotsCreatingaNewWorldB．RobotsMakingCookingVideosC．RobotsLearningtoCookbyWatchingVideosD．RobotsPerformingTasksbyFollowingInstructions解析：标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了通过观看视频学做饭的机器人，因此C项是最正确标题。Ⅱ.语法填空eq\x(导学号42492691)阅读以下短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2022·青岛市二模)It'sneverfoolish__1.to_acknowledge__(acknowledge)youareinthewrong.Beinghuman,weallneedtheartofapology.Lookbackandthinkhowoftenyou'vejudged__2.roughly__(rough),saidunkindthings,pushedyourselfahead__3.at__thecostofafriend.Somedeepthoughtletsusknowthatwhenevenasmallmistakehasbeenmade,yourfeelingwillstayoutofbalance__4.until/till__themistakeisacknowledgedandyourregretisexpressed.Irememberadoctorfriend__5.telling__(tell)meaboutamanwhocametohimwith__6.various__(vary)illnesses:headache,insomnia,stomachachesandsoon.Nophysicalcausecould__7.be_found__(find)．Finallythedoctorsaidtotheman,“Unlessyoutellmewhat'sonyourconscience,Ican'thelpyou.〞After__8.a__shortsilence,themantoldthedoctorthatheseizedallthemoneythathisfathergavetohisbrother,whowasabroad.Hisfatherwas__9.dead__(die),soonlyhehimselfknewthematter.Thedoctormadethemanwritetohisbrothermakinganapologyandenclosingacheck.Inthepostoffice,themandroppedtheletterintothemailbox.Astheletter__10.disappeared__(disappear),themanburstintotears.“Thankyou,doctor，〞hesaid,“IthinkI'mallrightnow.〞Andhewas.文章大意：本文是生活哲理小短文，文章主要告诉我们该如何成认自己错了，并诚恳地抱歉，让自己的心理平衡。1．命题立意：考查非谓语动词。解析：根据句型Itis＋形容词＋不定式判断。故填toacknowledge。2．命题立意：考查副词。解析：根据前文的judged是动词，需要副词修饰。故填roughly。3．命题立意：考查介词的用法。解析：根据词组atthecostof“以……为代价〞，故填at。4．命题立意：考查状语从句。解析：根据该复合句主从句之间的关系判断，故判断填until/till。5．命题立意：考查非谓语动词用法。解析：friend是tell的动作执行者。故填telling。6．命题立意：考查形容词。解析：根据空后的名词illnesses判断应用形容词。故填various。7．命题立意：考查被动语态用法。解析：cause是find的动作承受者，应用被动语态，故判断填befound。8．命题立意：考查冠词用法。解析：根据ashortsilence“一段时间的沉默〞，可知填a。9．命题立意：考查形容词。解析：根据空前的was可知应填形容词，故判断填dead。10．命题立意：考查时态。解析：根据前后语境判断应用一般过去时。故判断填disappeared。Ⅲ.短文改错eq\x(导学号42492692)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2022·宁夏银川市三模)ThisafternoonIwenttoseemygrandfatherbyabus.ItwasverycrowdedandIhadtostand.Besidesme，therewasawomanholdalittleboyinherarms.Infrontofher,ayoungmanoccupiestwoseats，pretendingtobesleeping.Iheardthelittleboycuriousaskinghismother,“What'swrongwiththeuncle？〞Ihadthoughtifperhapsthewomanwouldblametheman.Beyondherexpectations，thewomanansweredwithasmile，“Bequiet.Thisunclemustverytiredbecauseofhardwork.〞Theyoungmanmusthaveheardtheword.Hisfaceturnedredbutofferedoneseattothewomanatonce.答案：ThisafternoonIwenttoseemygrandfatherbyabus.ItwasverycrowdedandIhadtostand.eq\o(Besides,\s\do12(Beside))me，therewasawomaneq\o(hold,\s\do12(holding))alittleboyinherarms.Infrontofher,ayoungmaneq\o(occupies,\s\do12(occupied))twoseats，pretendingtobesleeping.Iheardthelittleboyeq\o(curious,\s\do12(curiously))askinghismother,“What'swrongwiththeuncle？〞