2023年考研外语专家预测过关卷5

考研外语专家预测过关卷5

一、UseofEnglish

1、KarlVonLinne(orLinnaeus,asheiswidelyknown)wasaSwedishbiologistwhodevisedthesystemofLatinisedscientificnamesforlivingthingsthatbiologistsusetothisday.Whenhecameto(1)_____peopleintohissystem,heputthemintoagroupcalledHomo—andLinne'shairlessfellowhumansarestillknownbiologicallyasHomosapiens.(2)_____thegrouporiginallyhadasecondmember,Homotroglodytes.ItlivedinAfrica,andthepicturesshowittobecovered(3)_____hair.

Modern(4)_____arenotasgenerousasLinneinwelcomingotherspeciesintoMan'slofty(5)_____,andthechimpanzeeisnowreferredto(6)_____Pantroglodytes.ButPanorHomo,thereisno(7)_____thatchimpsarehumans'nearestlivingrelatives,andthatifthesecretsofwhatmakeshumanityspecialareevertobe(8)_____,understandingwhychimpsarenotpeople,norpeoplechimps,isacrucialpartoftheprocess.That,inturn,meanslookingattheDNAofthetwospecies,(9)_____itisherethatthe(10)_____mustoriginate.

Onehalfofthepuzzlehasbeen(11)_____forseveralyears:thehumangenomewaspublishedin2022.Thesecondhasnowbeenadded,withtheannouncementinthisweek'sNature(12)_____thechimpanzeegenomehasbeensequencedaswell.Forthoseexpecting(13)_____answerstoage-oldquestions(14)_____,thepublicationofthechimpgenomemaybesomethingofan(15)_____Therearenoimmediatelyobviousgenes—presentinone,butnottheother—thataccountforsuchcharacteristichuman(16)_____asintelligenceorevenhairlessness.And(17)_____thereisageneconnectedwithlanguage,knownasFOXP2,ithadalreadybeendiscovered.Butalthoughthepreliminarycomparisonofthetwogenomes(18)_____bythemembersoftheChimpanzeeSequencingandAnalysisConsortium,themultinationalteamthatgeneratedthesequence,didnot(19)_____anyobviousnuggetsofgeneticgold,itdoesatleastshowwheretolookfor(20)_____.

A.slot

B.pledge

C.plot

D.scrutinize

2、(2)

A.And

B.Or

C.Thereby

D.But

3、(3)

A.by

B.throughout

C.with

D.beyond

4、(4)

A.demographers

B.taxonomists

C.chronologists

D.psychologists

5、(5)

A.subject

B.dominion

C.ideal

D.species

6、(6)

A.as

B.in

C.among

D.without

7、(7)

A.suspension

B.suspicion

C.rotation

D.doubt

8、(8)

A.disintegrated

B.distracted

C.deleted

D.disentangled

9、(9)

A.becauseof

B.though

C.for

D.whereas

10、(10)

A.disputes

B.differences

C.hunches

D.humanities

11、(11)

A.ruthless

B.mediocre

C.opaque

D.available

12、(12)

A.that

B.where

C.which

D.inthat

13、(13)

A.instant

B.instinctive

C.constant

D.intuitive

14、(14)

A.too

B.either

C.though

D.also

15、(15)

A.panacea

B.anticlimax

C.zenith

D.momentum

16、(16)

A.defects

B.merits

C.flaws

D.attributes

17、(17)

A.while

B.once

C.when

D.asif

18、(18)

A.duplicated

B.dwarfed

C.made

D.overlapped

19、(19)

A.showup

B.turnup

C.resortto

D.turnto

20、(20)

A.him

B.it

C.them

D.her

二、ReadingComprehension

1、PartA

Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)

Acrampedpublic-schooltestkitchenmightseemanunlikelyoutpostforafoodrevolution.ButCollazo,executivecheffortheNewYorkCitypublicschools,andscoresofothersacrossthecountry—celebritychefsandlunchladies,districtsuperintendentsandpoliticians—saythey'redeterminedtoimprovewhatkidseatinschool.Nearlyeveryoneagreessomethingmustbedone.Mostschoolcafeteriasarestaffedbypoorlytrained,badlyequippedworkerswhochurnout4.8billionhotlunchesayear.Oftenthemeals,producedforabout$1each,consistofbreadedmeatpatties,Frenchfriesandovercookedvegetables.Sothekidsbuymuffins,cookiesandicecreaminstead—ortheyfeastonfastfoodfromMcDonald's,PizzaHutandTacoBell,whichisavailableinmorethanhalftheschoolsinthenation.Vendingmachinespackedwithsodasandcandylinethehallways."We'rekillingourkids"withthefoodweserve,saysTexasEducationCommissionerSusanCombs.

Asratesofchildhoodobesityanddiabetesskyrocket,public-healthofficialssayschoolsneedtochangethewaykidseat.Itwon'tbeeasy.Somekidsandtheirparentsdon'tknowbetter.Homecookingisbecomingaforgottenart.Andfast-foodcompaniesnowspend$3billionayearontelevisionadsaimedatchildren.Alongwithreadingandwriting,schoolsneedtoteachkidswhattoeattostayhealthy,saysculinaryinnovatorAliceWaters,whoisintroducinggardeningandfreshproduceto16schoolsinCalifornia.It'sagoldenopportunity,shesays,"toaffectthewaychildreneatfortherestoftheirlives."LastyearstarEnglishchefJamieOlivertookoveraschoolcafeteriainaworking-classsuburbofLondon.AdocumentaryabouthisworkshamedtheBritishgovernmentintospending$500milliontorevampthenation'sschool-foodprogram.Oliversaysit'stheUnitedStates'turnnow."Ifyoucanputamanonthemoon,"hesays,"youcangivekidsthefoodtheyneedtomakethemlighter,fitterandlivelonger."

Changingschoolfoodwilltakemoney.Manyschoolsadministratorsarehookedontheeasycashupto$75,000annually—thatsodaandcandyvendingmachinescanbringin.ThreeyearsagoGaryHirshbergofConcord,N.H.,wasappalledwhenhis13-year-oldsondescribedhisdaytimemeal—pizza,chocolatemilkandapackageofSkittles."Iwasn'tawareSkittleswasafoodgroup,"saysHirshberg,CEOofStonyfieldFarm,ayogurtcompany.Sohedevisedavendingmachinethatstockshealthysnacks:yogurtsmoothies,fruitleathersandwhole-wheatpretzels.Sofar41schoolsinCalifornia,IllinoisandWashingtonareusinghismachines—andathousandmorehaverequestedthem.Hirshbergsays,"schoolshavetomakegoodfoodapriority."

Somestatesaretrying.California,NewYorkandTexashavepassednewlawsthatlimitjunkfoodsoldonschoolgrounds.DistrictsinCalifornia,NewMexicoandWashingtonhavebegunbuyingproducefromlocalfarms.Thesodaandcandyinthevendingmachineshavebeenreplacedbyjuiceandbeefjerky."It'snotperfect,"saysJannison.Butit'sacauseworthfightingfor,Evenifshehastobattleonechipatatime.

Fromparagraph1,welearnthat

A.mostAmericanschoolcafeteriasarewellfunctional.

B.morethanhalftheschoolshaveMcDonaldchains.

C.tochangeschoolfoodhasbeenagreedbynearlyeveryone.

D.fastfoodrestaurantsarebeneficialsupplementstoschoolcafeterias.

2、

Whichisoneofthedifficultiestochangethewaychildreneat?

A.Somepublic-healthofficialsthinkit'simpossible.

B.Therearelessandlesshome-cookinginthecountry.

C.Manyparentsarenotawareoftheimportancetocookbettermeals.

D.Fast-foodcompaniesarenotinvestingenoughinnewfoodforchildren.

3、

WecaninferfromPara.2thatJamierOliverthinks

A.it'sschool'sresponsibilitytoteachkidswhattoeat.

B.theU.Sshouldrevampthenation'sschool-foodprogramearly.

C.tochangethewaykidseatisequaltoputtingamanonthemoon.

D.it'spossibletochangethewaykidseatalthoughit'sdifficult.

4、

GaryHirshbergmadeanewtypeofvendingmachineinorderto

A.earnmuchmoremoneyforhiscompany.

B.reduceschoolexpenditureonthoselow-nutritionfood.

C.replacethetraditionalsnacksastheyareharmfultokids.

D.promoteanewkindofyogurtproduct.

5、

Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Politiciansarepayingmoreattentiontothefoodofstudents.

B.Schoolsarereluctanttochangethefoodstructureatpresent.

C.Therearealotofdifficultiesinchangingschoolfood.

D.Itishightimetoimproveschoolfoodandmanyeffortshavebeenmade.

6、WhenacustomerclaimedtohavefoundaseveredfingerinabowlofchilliservedataWendy'sfast-foodfranchiseinCalifornia,thechain'ssalesfellbyhalfintheSanJoséareawheretheincidentwasreported.Wendy'sbrandandreputationwereatrisk,untiltheclaimwasexposedasahoaxinlateAprilandthecompany,operatorofAmerica'sthird-biggesthamburgerchain,wasvindicated.

YetthesharepriceofWendy'sInternational,theparentcompany,rosesteadilythroughMarchandApril,despitethefingerfuroreanddowngradesfromanalysts.Onereasonwasheavybuyingbyhedgefunds,ledbyPershingSquareCapital.ThisweekPershingmadeitsintentionspublic,sayingthatitwasworriedbymarketrumoursthatWendy'smightsoonbuymorefast-foodbrands,andarguingthatthefirmshouldbesellingassetsinstead.Pershing'sapproachindicatesrisingpressureonAmericanrestaurantcompaniestoperform,atatimewhentheindustry'sgrowthprospectslookincreasinglytough.

Thehitoncustomers'walletsfromhigherpetrolpricesandrisinginterestrateswillprobablymeanthatyear-on-yearsalesgrowthacrosstheAmericanrestaurantindustryslowstojust1%bythefourthquarterof2022,downfromafive-yearhistoricaverageof5.6%,sayUBS,aninvestmentbank,andGlobalInsight,aforecastinggroup.Lookingfurtherahead,saysUBS'sDavidPalmer,theindustrymayhavetostoprelyingonmostofthelong-termtrendsthatwerebehindmuchofitsrecentgrowth.

Three-quartersofAmericansalreadylivewithinthreemilesofaMcDonald'srestaurant,leavinglittlescopeforgreen-fieldgrowth.(ObesityisagrowingissueinAmerica,andwithitcomethethreatofliabilitylawsuitsagainstbigrestaurantchainsand,perhaps,legallimitsonadvertising.)ThisweekAmerica'sbiggestfoodtradegroup,theGroceryManufacturers'Association,wassaidtobepreparingtougherguidelinesonthemarketingoffoodtochildren,inthehopeofstavingoffstatutorycontrols.Homecookingmayalsobemakingacomeback,helpedbytwofactors.ThepercentageofwomenjoiningAmerica'sworkforcemayhavepeaked,andsupermarketchainssuchasWal-Marthavebeenforcingdownretailfoodprices.

ExpansionoverseasisoneoptionforAmericanrestaurantchains.BurgerKing,theprivatelyownednumbertwohamburgerchain,openeditsfirstoutletinChinalastmonth,apparentlyaimingtomaintainstronggrowthaheadofaninitialpublicofferingnextyear.McDonald'shas600outletsinChinaandplans400more.Butathome,thefutureseemstoholdonlyanevermorecompetitiveandcost-consciousrestaurantindustry.Fast-foodchainsaretryingtopoachcustomersfrom"casualdining"chains(suchasApplebee'sNeighborhoodGrill),whilethosechainsaresqueezingoutindependentrestaurantsunabletocompeteoncostorinmarketingclout.Businessconditions,notseveredfingers,aretherealthreattotheweakerfirmsintherestaurantbusiness.

Theword"hoax"(paragraph1)probablymeans

A.truth.

B.joke.

C.revenge.

D.warn.

7、

WhydidthesharepriceofWendy'sInternationalrisesteadilyafterthe"severedfinger"incident?

A.Thewoman'sclaimwasreportedasamistake.

B.Wendy'sisAmerican'sthird-biggesthamburgerchain.

C.PershingSquareCapitalboughtalargeamountofitsshares.

D.Wendy'swillbuymorefast-foodbrandsandassets.

8、

Fromparagraph4wecaninferthat

A.thereisoneMcDonald'srestauranteverythreemiles.

B.tolimitadvertisingoffoodtochildrenisawaytoavoidobesity.

C.homecookingmaypreventwomenfromjoiningAmerica'sworkforce.

D.Wal-Martcanraisethefo6dpricesbyitslargescale.

9、

HowcanAmericanrestaurantchainsacceleratetheirbusiness?

A.Toimprovethequalityoftheirproductsandservices.

B.Toraisetheirsharepriceswiththehelpofsomehedgefunds.

C.Toinvestmoremoneyinadvertisingespeciallytochildren.

D.Toexpandtheirbusinessscopeoverseas.

10、

Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothetext?

A.America'srestaurantindustryisgrowingsteadily.

B.Wendy'sInternationalisthreatenedseverelybyBurgerKingandMcDonald

C.Fast-foodchainsarefacingmorecompetitivemarketinsideAmerica.

D.UBSandGlobalInsightareplanningtohelprestaurantindustrygetoutofdifficulties.

11、Oneofthemanytheoriesaboutalcoholismisthelearningandreinforcementtheory,whichexplainsalcoholismbyconsideringalcoholdrinkingasareflexresponsetosomestimulusandasawaytoreduceaninnerdrivestatesuchasfearoranxiety.Characterizinglifesituationsintermsofapproachandavoidance,thistheoryholdsthatpersonstendtobedrawntopleasantsituationsorrepelledbyunclean,sanityones.Inthelattercase,alcoholdrinkingissaidtoreducethetensionorfeelingsofunpleasantnessandtoreplacethemwiththefeelingofpleasuregenerallyobservedinmostpersonsaftertheyhaveconsumedoneormoredrinks.

Someexperimentalevidencetendstoshowthatalcoholreducesfearinanapproach-avoidancesituation.Congertrainedonegroupofratstoapproachafoodgoalandtrainedanothergrouptoavoidelectricshock.Afteraninjectionofalcoholthepullawayfromtheshockwasmeasurablyweaker,whilethepulltowardfoodwasunchanged.

Theobvioustroublesexperiencedbyalcoholicpersonsappeartocontradictthelearningtheoryintheexplanationofalcoholism.Thediscomfort,pain,andpunishmenttheyexperienceshouldpresumablydiscouragethealcoholicsfromdrinking.Thefactthatalcoholicpersonscontinuetodrinkinthefaceoffamilydiscord,lossofjob,andillnessisexplainedbytheproximityofthedriveofreductiontotheconsumptionofalcohol;thatis,alcoholhastheimmediateeffectofreducingtensionwhiletheunpleasantconsequencesofdrunkenbehavior.cameonlylater.Thelearningpattern,therefore,favorstheestablishmentandrepetitionoftheresorttoalcohol.

Infact,theanxietiesandfeelingsofguiltcausedbytheconsequencesofexcessivealcoholdrinkingmaythemselvesbecomethesignalforanothertimeofalcoholabuse.Thewayinwhichthedesireforanotherdrinkcouldbecausedbyanxietyisexplainedbytheprocessofstimulusgeneralization:conditionsoreventssecuringatthetimeofreinforcementtendtoacquireallthefeaturesofstimuli.Whenalcoholisconsumedinassociationwithastateofanxietyorleer,theemotionalstateitselftakesonthepropertiesofastimulus,thustriggeringanothertimeofdrinking.

Theroleofpunishmentisbecomingincreasinglyimportantinexplainingacauseofalcoholismbasedontheprinciplesoflearningtheory.Whilepunishmentmayservetosuppressaresponse,experimentshaveshownthatinsomecasesitcanserveasarewardandreinforcethebehavior.Thusifthealcoholicpersonhaslearnedtodrinkunderconditionsofbothrewardandpunishment,eithertypeofconditionmaytriggerreneweddrinking.

Conger'sexperimentwithtwogroupsofrats

A.concludesthatalcoholdrinkingmayaffectappetite.

B.confirmsthefindingsofotheracademicresearchers.

C.showsthatalcoholminimizesfear.

D.disproveslearningandreinforcementtheory.

12、

FromParagraph3,wecanlearnthat

A.thelearningtheorycontradictsitselfinsomefields.

B.drinkingalcoholcansolvetheproblemoffamilydiscord.

C.tensionreductionappearsfirstafterdrinkingalcohol.

D.theunpleasantconsequenceofalcoholismcanmakealcoholicsstopdrinking.

13、

Theauthorprovidesenoughinformationtoanswerthequestionof

A.whyalcoholicscontinuetodrinkinspiteoftheunpleasantconsequences.

B.howCongerexplainedthebehavior.ofalcoholicsintermsofshocktherapy.

C.underwhatcircumstancesanalcoholicbenefitsfromanxietyattacks.

D.whichisthebesttreatmentofalcoholism.

14、

Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat

A.thebehavior.ofalcoholicscontradictstheapproach-avoidancetheory.

B.thebehavior.ofmostalcoholicsprovesthelearningtheory.

C.punishmentmaybecomethestimulusforanothertimeofdrinking.

D.frequentexcessivedrinkingmakesalcoholicsindifferenttopunishment.

15、

Themainpurposeofthetextisto

A.introducesometheoriesaboutalcoholism.

B.helpalcoholicsandotherstounderstandthecauseofalcoholism.

C.explaintheapplicationofapsychologicalapproachtoalcoholism.

D.showthemosteffectivenewtreatmentofalcoholism.

16、Clever,richorboth—almosteverycountryintheworldhassomesortofprogrammetoattractdesirablemigrants.Theonlyexceptionsare"weirdplaceslikeBhutan"saysChristianKalinofHenleyPartners,whichspecializesinfixingvisasandpassportsforglobe-trotters.Competitionisfierceand,aswithmostthings,thatlowersthepriceandincreaseschoice.Britainhastwoprogrammes,onefortherich—whohavetoinvest￡750,000($1.36m)inactivelytradedsecurities—andone,muchlarger,fortalentedforeigners.

Bothhaveworkedwell.Unlikesomeothercountries,Britaindoesnotmakeapplicantsfindajobfirst:withgoodqualifications,theycanjustturnupandlookforwork.ThathelpskeepBritain'seconomyflexibleandcompetitive.Butnowabureaucraticsnagisthreateningthescheme.

Theproblemcomeswithanyonewantingtoconverthisvisainto"indefiniteleavetoremain"(Britain'sequivalentofAmerica'sGreenCard).Thisnormallyrequiresfouryears'continuousresidenceinBritain.Afterafurtheryear,itnormallyleadstoBritishcitizenship.

Thelawdefinescontinuousresidencesensibly.Businesstripsandholidaysdon'tcount,iftheapplicant'smainhomeisinBritain.Asaruleofthumb,anaverageof90daysabroadwasallowedeachyear.ButunpublishedguidelinesseenbyTheEconomistaretougher:theysaythat"noneoftheabsencesabroadshouldbeofmorethanthreemonths,andtheymustnotamounttomorethansixmonthsinall."Overthefouryearsneededtoquality,thataveragesonlysixweeksayear.

Formanyjet-setters,thisrestrictionisacareer-buster.Sixweeksabroadbarelycoversholidays,letalonebusinesstravel.AlexeiSidney,aRussianconsultant,hastoturndownimportantjobsbecausehecannotaffordanymoredaysabroad.Ifapplicantstravel"toomuch",theirchildrenrisklosingtherighttoremaininBritain.

TheHomeOfficeinsiststhattheruleshavenotchangedsince2022.ThatwouldconfirmMr.Gherson'ssuspicionthatthenewpolicyhascomeinbyaccident,probablyasaresultofzealorcarelessnessbymid-rankingofficials.Theirattitudeisatoddswiththestanceofthegovernment,whichhasbeentryingforyearstomakethesystemmoreuser-friendlyfortheworld'selite.ItevenmovedprocessingofbusinessresidencycasesfromahugeofficeinCroydon,notoriousforitsslownessandhostilitytowould-beimmigrants,toanewoutfitinSheffield.

ButlawyerssuchasMr.KalinareinnodoubtoftheriskBritainisrunning.America,hesays,isalreadylosingoutintheglobaltalentmarketbecauseofits"painfulandhumiliating"immigrationprocedures.IfBritain'srulesstaytight,hesays,foreignerswillgoelsewhere.LikelybeneficiariesareIrelandandAustria,EuropeanUnioncountrieswhoseresidencyvisasandpassportsconferthesameconvenienceasBritishones,withlesshassle.

AccordingtoChristianKalin,theimmigrationpolicyinBhutan

A.isdifferentfromanyothercountryintheworld.

B.isnotfavorablefortheimmigrants.

C.workswellinfixingvisasandpassportsforglobal-trotters.

D.increaseschoicesforimmigrants.

17、

Accordingtothe4thparagraph,howlongcanonestayaboard?

A.Notmorethansixweeksinayear.

B.Threemonthseveryyear.

C.Notmorethan90daysonetime.

D.Oversixmonthstotallyinfouryears.

18、

WhatistrueaboutAlexeiSidney?

A.HelivesinRussiaasaconsultant.

B.Heisfiredfromhissignificantjob.

C.HischildrenrisklosingtherighttostayinBritain.

D.HehastofindbalancebetweenthestayinandoutofBritain.

19、

Thehomeofficeholdstheviewthat

A.tighteningrulesonpassportsshouldbeinsisted.

B.newpolicyfortheimmigrantscomesinaccidentally.

C.theirattitudeshouldbeinconflictwiththatofthegovernment's.

D.moreuser-friendlysystemisofgreatimportance.

20、

Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthetighteningimmigrationrule?

A.Supportive.

B.Impartial.

C.Disapproving.

D.Objective.

21、PartB(10points)

Youaregoingtoreadanarticlewhichisfollowedbyalistofexamplesorheadings.ChoosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Fforeachnumberedposition(41-45).Theremaybecertainextrawhichyoudonotneedtouse.(10points)

Youaregoingtoreadatextaboutthestepstoaskforaraise.

Soyou'vebeenwithyourcompanyforawhileandhavebeenexceedingallofyourmanager'sexpectations.Youworkhard,areagreatteamplayer,comeupwithnewideastotakethebusinessfurtherandareanall-aroundjoyintheworkplace.

Ifyouhaven'tbeenpromotedorbeenbumpedupinsalaryautomatically,itmightbetimetotakethebullbythehornsandapproachthistopicyourself.Whileaskingforaraisemakesmanypeopleuncomfortableandnervous,thesituationcanbeabreezeifhandledcorrectly.

Thefollowingareafewstepstofollowtomakesureyourrequestdoesnotfallondeafears:

(41)Doyourresearch.

Likeanyotherelementofyourcareer,itallstartswithresearch.Inordertopresentyourmanagerwithacompellingcaseinyourfavor,youneedtoknowwhatthegoingrateisforsomeonewithyourexperienceandinyourposition.

(42)Outlineacaseforyourself.

Whengoingintoanykindofnegotiationsession,youneedtobeequippedwiththerightamountofammunition.Beforeyouwalkintoyourmeeting,lookbackatyourtimewiththecompanyandhighlightyouraccomplishments.Comeupwithalistofspecificexamplesofwaysyouhavebeenavaluableassettothebusiness.Findfactsandfiguresthatdemonstratewhatyouhaveexcelled,usingnumberswheneverpossible.

Ifyoureallywanttoknocktheirsocksoff,putyouraccomplishmentsintoaformalpresentation,albeitbrief,thatoutlineseachofyourgoalsandhowyouhaveachievedthem.Thiswilldemonstratethatyouareprofessional,willingtogotheextramile,andhavethoughtaboutyourrequestthoroughly.

(43)Knowwhat'sgoingoninyourneighborhood.

Therearegoodtimesandbadtimestoaskforaraiseatanycompany.

Scheduleampletimetopresentyourcase,andmakesureyourtimingisright.

Askingforaraiseontheflyafterjustwalkingintoyourmanager'sofficetochatwillnotbenefityouorimpressyourboss.

Makesureyouhavetimetopresentyourcase,andthatyourmanagerhastimetothinkaboutyourpresentation.Requestameetingwithyoursupervisor,atleastahalf-hourlong.Thinkaboutyourtimingwhenyouschedulethemeeting,too.Ifyourdepartmenthasabevyofdeadlinestomeetattheendofeachmonth,don'tscheduleyourmeetingonthe29th.Pickatimewhenyourmanagerwillbesuretobeinagoodmoodandnotoverlystressed.

(44)Avoidthreatsordemands.

Thelastthingyouwanttodoistoputyoursupervisoronthedefensive.

Beprofessionaland,ifyourjobisworthkeeping,willingtolistentotheotherside.Keepthemeetingpositiveandyouroutcomewillbemorepositive.

(45)Rememberthatnotallperksaremonetary.

Don'tfallintothetrapofthinkingyouarenotvaluedifyoudonotgetexactlywhatyouhadexpected.

A.Ifyouapproachyourmanagerforaraiseinatimeofdownsizingandcost-cutting,youwillnotonlybedenied,butwillalsoshowthatyouarenotintunewiththecompany'sneeds.Makesureyouunderstandyourcompany'soverallfinancialsituation.

B.Forexample,ifyoudevelopedamarketingplanthathelpedincreasesales,makesureyouhavethosesalesfiguresonhand,aswellasyourroleintheplananditsexecution.Besuretotieyourownsuccessintotheoverallsuccessofthecompany.

C.Ifyourcompanyisstrappedfinanciallybutyoua

22、(