人教版高一英语各单元知识点总结

高一英语各单元知识点总结及重难点解析Unit1-2☆重点句型☆Whatshouldafriendbelike?询问对方的看法Ithinkhe/sheshouldbe...表示个人观点的词语Ienjoyreading/I'mfondofsinging/Ilikeplayingcomputergames.等表示喜好的词语Chuckisonaflightwhensuddenlyhisplanecrashes.“when"作并列连词的用法What/Who/When/Whereisitthat...?强调句的特殊疑问句结构WithsomanypeoplecommunicatinginEnglisheveryday,...“with+宾语+宾补”的结构做状语Canyoutellmehowtopronounce...?带连接副词（或代词）的不定式做宾补的用法☆重点词汇☆especiallyv.特别地imaginev.想像aloneadv./adj.单独，孤独的interestn.兴趣everydayadj.每天的，日常的desertedadj.抛弃的huntv.搜寻sharev.分享9.carev.在乎，关心totaln.总数majorityn.大多数survivev.生存，活下来adventuren.冒险scaredadj.吓坏的admitv.承认whileconj.但是，而boringadj.令人厌烦的exceptprep.除..之外qualityn.质量favouriteadj.最喜爱的☆重点短语☆befondof爱好treat.as.把..看作为..makefriendswith与..交朋友arguewithsb.about/oversth.与某人争论某事huntfor寻找inorderto为了share.with与..分享bringin引进；赚钱agreat/goodmany许多.havedifficulty(in)doing做……有困难endupwith以……结束exceptfor除……之外comeabout发生make(a)fire生火makeyourselfathome别拘束themajorityof大多数dropsb.aline给某人写短信forthefirsttime第一次19.atall根本；竟然havea(good)knowledgeof...精通☆短语闯关☆下列短语都是这两个单元学过的重要短语，请你根据汉语在横线上填人一个正确的词每个词4分，80分才能过关，你一定能过关，做好了闯关的准备吗?那么我们就开始吧?befond喜欢，爱好of2.hunt搜索。追寻，寻找forinto为了ordercare担心，关心aboutsuch例如，诸如asdropsba给某人写信(通常指写短信)linemakeoneselfat别客气hometotal总共in9.except除了..之外forstay不睡，熬夜upabout发生comeendwith以..告终upbring引进，引来inagreat许许多多，极多manybe对..深感兴趣，深深迷上..intotheInternet上网surfclasses逃学，逃课skipget聚会，相聚，聚集together19.beproud为..感到骄傲of20.keepanon照看，注意eyebecurious对..感到好奇aboutshut(使)住口upjoke开玩笑aboutthenameof以..名义inthetime总是，一直all☆交际用语☆1.Ithink.Ilike/love/hate...Ienjoy...Myinterestsare...Didyouhaveagoodflight?Youmustbeverytired.Justmakeyourselfathome.Ibegyourpardon?Canyoutellmehowtopronounce...?Getit.☆单词聚焦☆arguev.的用法▲构词：argumentn.1.［C］争论2.［U］讨论.辩论3.［C］论据▲搭配：arguewith/againstsb.over/on/aboutsth.与某人争论某事arguefor/againststh.辩论赞成／反对某事arguethat...主张，认为，争辩说arguesbinto/outofdoingsth.说服某人做／不做某事友情提示：“说服某人做／不做某事”还可表达为：talk/persuade/o/outofdoingsth.settletheargument解决争端友情提示：anargumentwithsbabout/oversth.为某事和某人而发生的争执【考例】Whatlaughingwehadaboutthesociallyrespectablemethodformovingspaghetti（意大利式细面条）fromplatetomouth.（2004全国卷I）A.speechesB.lessonsC.sayingsD.arguments［考查目标］argue名词形式的词义。［答案与解析］Dargument的词义是“争辩，辩论”。comparev.的用法构词：comparisonn.比较▲搭配：①compare...to...比拟；比作②compare...with/to...将……和……相比较③comparenotes对笔记；交换意见【考例】withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.（2004湖北）A.CompareB.WhencomparingC.ComparingD.Whencompared［考查目标］compare的用法。［答案与解析］D本句compare用在句首作状语，并有“被比较”的意思。considerv.的用法构词：considerationn.考虑，思考；体谅，顾及▲搭配：①considerdoingsth.考虑做某事②considersb（tobe/as）...认为/觉得某人considerthat-clause认为……④takesthintoconsideration考虑⑤underconsideration在考虑中【考例】CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsideredthefirstcomputer.（NMET1993）A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havinginvented［考查目标］consider的几种常见用法。［答案与解析］Cconsider本身是被动语态时，后接不定式的各种结构。如果表示已经发生的事情.用不定式的完成形式。4.desertedadj.空无一人的；被遗弃的；被抛弃的空无一人的adesertedstreet/area空无一人的街道，地区；Theofficewasquitedeserted.办公室里空无一人。被遗弃的adesertedchild被遗弃的孩子desert['dezot]n.沙漠desert[dI'zo:t]vt.丢弃；遗弃Hedesertedhiswifeandchildrenafterbecomingrich.difficultyn.difficulty(通常作复数)难事，难点，难题Shemetwithmanydifficultieswhentravelling.在以下句型中，difficulty是不可数名词，不能用复数形式。have(some)difficulty(in)doingsth.'-干某事有困难thereis(some)difficulty(in)doingsth/have(some)difficultywithsth.]在某事上有困难thereis(some)difficultywithsth「dosth.withdifficulty/withoutdifficulty困难地／轻而易举地做某事Wehadalotofdifficultyinfindingyourhouse.DoyouhaveanydifficultywithyourEnglish?【注意】以上句型中，difficulty前可加some,little,much,alotof,no,any修饰以上句型中，亦可用trouble来代替difficulty0favourite=favorite(A.E)最喜爱的；最喜爱的人或事物adj.最喜爱的Myfavoritesportisplayingfootball.n.[C]最喜爱的人或事物Heisafavoritewithhisuncle.fun的用法▲构词：funnyadj.有趣的.滑稽的，好笑的；奇特的，古怪的▲搭配：makefunof取笑；嘲弄；开某人的玩笑(just)for/infun=(just)forthefunofit取乐，非认真地，说／做着玩的befulloffun很好玩havefunwithsb.和某人开一个玩笑have(some)fun玩得(很)高兴，玩得(很)开心It's(great)funtodosth干某事很有趣；干某事真是一件趣事；干某事真开心Whatfun(itis)todosth!干某事多么有趣呀!havealotoffundoingsth干某事玩得很开心【考例】(200上海春招)Thisisnotamatch.We'replay-ingchessjustfor.A.habitB.hobbyC.funD.game[考查目标]fun构成的短语forfun的意思。[答案与解析]C,forfun常在句中用作状语，意思是说/做着玩的”。imagine的用法▲构词：①imaginationn.[C/U]想像，想像力，想像的事物②imaginativeadj.富有想像力的▲搭配：①imaginesth/doingsth②beyond(all)imagination(完全)出乎意料地【考例】IcanhardlyimaginePeter___acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.（MET1991）A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed［考查目标］imagine的基本用法。［答案与解析］Cimagine后接动词的-ing形式，本句的Peter是这个动名词的逻辑主语。interest的用法interestvt.使……感兴趣n.兴趣，爱好［U］利息；利润Hehasagreatinterestinpolitics.他对政治极感兴趣。/abroadinterest广泛的利益/acommoninterest共同的利益/astronginterest极强的兴趣▲构词：①interesting令人感兴趣的（事物）②interested（某人对某事）有兴趣的▲搭配：①interestsbinsth使某人注意，关心或参入某事；使某人对某事感兴趣②beinterestedin对感兴趣（关心）③haveaninterestinsth./indoingsth.对某方面有兴趣（关心）；在中有股份、权益等④holdone'sinterest吸引住某人的兴趣⑤intheinterest（s）of为利益；为起见；对有利⑥loseinterestin对不再感兴趣⑦show/take（an）interestin/indoingsth.对表示关心（有兴趣）⑧have/take/feelnointerestin对不（不太）感兴趣⑨withinterest有兴趣地，津津有味地⑩develop/find/feelinterestinsth./indoingsth.在某方面培养／有兴趣⑪loseinterestinsth./indoingsth.对某方面失去兴趣有时interest可与不定冠词连用。Hedevelopedaninterestinscience.另外：interest作“爱好”解时，是可数名词。Hisinterestsincludereadingandtennis.【考例】,theyimmediatelysuggestedthatsheputthemtogethertomakeasingleonelongstoryandpaidTracya$50,000advance.（2004全国卷II）A.InterestedB.AnxiouslyC.SeriouslyD.Encouraged［考查目标］interest派生词的词义和用法。［答案与解析］Ainterested指（出版商）对这件事有兴趣。prove的用法▲构词：①proofn.证据。试验，考验，（印刷）校样▲搭配：①provesthtosb向某人证实……②provetosbthat从句向某人证实……③prove（oneself）tobe证明（自己）是，表现出【考例】Itwasintheneighboringcountry一UnitedStatesthatsuchresistancetospraywasfirst.（05长春模拟）A.provedB.killedC.thoughtD.discussed［考查目标］考查prove的意思。［答案与解析］A本题wasproved的意思是“得到证实”，有被动意味。provide的用法▲构词：①providern.供给者，供应者，养家者②provided/providingconj.倘若▲搭配：providesbwithsth/sthtosb给提供；以装备【考例】Hissontheoldmanwithallthefoodandthemoneyheneeded.A.providedB.fedC.affordedD.charred［考查目标］考查provide的词义。［答案与解析］Aprovide与with搭配，意思是“向某人提供某物"。share的用法▲搭配：①share（in）sth.withsth.和某人分享、分担、共用某物②sharesth（out）between/among...将某物分配、分给③sharejoys/happinessandsorrows（withsb）（和某人）同甘共苦④shareone'sopinion同意某人的意见【考例】LetHarryplaywithyourtoysaswell,Clare一youmustlearnto.(NMET2000)A.supportB.careC.spareD.share［考查目标］此题主要考查在语境中选择动词的能力。［答案与解析］D四个选项的含义分别为：support支持；care在意，关心；spare挤出(时间)，匀出某物；share分享，分担，与某人合用。根据语境可知说话者是想让Clare学会与人共享——把玩具(拿出来)和Harry—起玩，share在此意为“合用玩具”，解此题的关键是信息playwithyourtoysaswell。故D为最佳答案。solve的用法▲构词：solutionn.1.［C］(问题的)解答；(困难的)解决方法2.［U］解答，解决3.［U］溶解▲搭配：thesolutionto解决……的办法【考例3】Intheend,onesuggestionseemstobethesolutiontheproblem.(2001北京春招)A.withB.intoC.forD.to［考查目标］solve名词solution的相关搭配。［答案与解析］D“对于......的解决办法”，介词用to。totaln./adj.全部(的)intotal加起来Intotal,theremusthavebeen20000peoplethere.atotalof总共Hisexpenses(支出)reachedatotalof$100.thetotalof的总数Thetotal0fthebillis230dollars.whenconj.when并列连词，=andthen，表示“就在那时，突然”，常见以下句型中：bedoing...when...正在做..突然..Iwaswanderingthroughthestreetswhenlcaughtsightofatailor'sshop.haddone...when...刚做了..突然..Ihadjustsatdownwhenthelightwentout.beabouttodo...when...刚要做..突然..Iwasjustabouttogoswimmingwhenourguidesawmeandshoutedatme.whileconj.while从属连词，引导时间状语从句，从句动词用延续性动词，主句的动作发生在从句动作发生的过程之中。Comeon,getthesethingsawaywhileImakethetea.并列连词，表前后两个分句意义相反或相对，意为“然而"。Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaven'tenough.放在句首，表示“尽管；虽然"，相当于althoughoWhilewedon'tagree,wecontinuetobefriendly.［牛刀小试1］用所给单词的适当形式填空：(compare，interest，fun，solve，argue，consider，share)Allthenovelsareconsideredtheyoungreadersinthe1980s.(tohaveinterested)Bobthoughtittosolvemathsproblemswhileothershatedit.(fun)TheheadmasterignoredthebetweenMrs.Wangandhisnephew.(argument)Wecan'tdecide.Theplanneedstobe.(considered)withClassTwo,ourshasmoreboystudents.(Compared)Ifindabetterwaythisproblem.(tosolve)Nearlyhalfofthecompaniesthesameopinionwiththegovernment.(share/shared)【词语比较】especially,speciallyespeciallyadv.特殊地；尤其是侧重于多种事物或人中比较突出的。likeallthesubjectsatschool,especiallyEnglish.(尤其是英语)especially后可接介词短语或从句。IliketheYueluMountains,especiallyinspring.(尤其是在春天)Noiseisunpleasant,especiallywhenyouaretryingtosleep.specially侧重特意地、专门地做某事(后面常接forsb.或todosth.)Imadeachocolatecakespeciallyforyou.boring,bored,boreboringadj.令人厌烦的Thebookisveryboring.boredadj.感到厌烦的I'mboredwiththebook.borevt.令人厌烦Thisbookboresme.有些表示情感的及物动词，有与bore类似的用法。如：interest,excite,surprise,amaze,frighten,astonish,move,inspire,touch,scare,disappoint,puzzle,worry这类词的现在分词形式，为“令人......”；过去分词形式，为“感到......”。exceptfor,except,but,besides表示“除了”的词或短语有：except;but;exceptfor;besides;exceptthat(when...)等。except和but都表示“除了..之外。没有”，二者大多数情况下可以互换；但在no,all,nobody,nothing,noone等词后多用but。Nooneknowsourteacher'saddressexcept/buthim.(排除him)besides除..之外，还..，有附加性。WhatotherforeignlanguagesdoyouknowbesidesEnglish?(English与otherlanguages都属于know的范围)exceptfor只不过，整体肯定，部分修正，用于排除非同类事物，for表示细节上的修正。Yourarticleiswellwrittenexceptforafewspellingmistakes.know,knowof,knowaboutknow用作动词，意思是“(直接地)获知，懂得，认识，熟悉”。Idon'tknowwhetherheishereornot./Iknowhimtobehonest.knowof和knowabout的意思都是“(间接地)获知”，指听别人说到或从书报上看到，二者没有什么区别。forexample;suchasforexample“例如”，用来举例说明某一论点或情况。一般只举同类人或物中的“一个"为例，作插入语，可位于句首、句中或句末。可用forinstance替换。Forexample,airisinvisible./Hisspellingisterrible!Lookatthisword,forexample.suchas“例如”，用来列举事物，一般列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。插在被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，as后面不可有逗号。SomeoftheEuropeanLanguagescomefromLatin,suchasFrench,ItalianandSpanish.［注意］如把前面所述情况全部举出，用thatis或namelyo☆短语归纳☆含all的短语firstofall首先(强调顺序)inall(=intotal=altogether)总共afterall毕竟，终究atall到底，根本aboveall最重要的是(强调重要性)not(...)atall(=not(...)intheleast)根本不，一点也不allthetime始终，一直allofasudden(=suddenly)突然，冷不防allright行，可以allatonce立刘，马上alldayandallnight日日夜夜allover遍及13)allalone独个儿，独立地14)allbut几乎，差一点15)allinall总的说来16)alltogether一道，同时，总共17)forall尽管［例句］Iwokeupanddidn'thearhimatall.我醒了，一点儿也没有听到他说话。/Hehadsomanyfallsthathewasblackandblueallover.他摔了很多跤，以至于浑身青一块紫一块的。/Youshouldn'tscoldher.Afterall,sheisonlyfiveyearsold.你不应该责怪他，毕竟，她只有五岁。/Childrenneedmanythings,butaboveall,theyneedlove.孩子需要许多东西，最重要的是，需要爱。/Youmusthaveknownitallthetime.你一定一直知道这事。【考例】PeoplemayhavedifferentopinionsaboutKaren,butIadmireher.,sheisagreatmusician.(2004甘肃、青海)A.AfterallB.AsaresultC.InotherwordsD.Asusual［考查目标］主要考查四个短语的用法。［答案与解析］Aafterall意为“毕竟.终究"；asaresult意为“结果”；inotherwords意为“换句话说"；asusual意为“像往常一样”。本句意思是：虽然人们对她看法不一。但我还是佩服她。因为她毕竟是一个伟大的音乐家。【考例】I'dliketobuyahouse--modern,comfortable,andinaquietneighborhood.(2004福建)A.inallB.aboveallC.afterallD.atall［考查目标］主要考查all构成的四个短语。［答案与解析］Binall意为“总共”；aboveall意为“最重要的是”；afterall意为“毕竟”；atall意为“到底”。本句话意思是：我想买一个房子，现代的、舒服的，但最重要的是在一个安静的地区。2.atall用在肯定句中，用在否定句中，用在疑问句中，用在条件句中，“竟然”I'msurprisedthatyoucameatall.“一点也不”Therewasnothingtoworryaboutatall.“到底”“究竟”Haveyoubeenthereatall?“真的，确实”Ifyoudoitatall,doitwell.3.含“be+形容词+介词”的短语begoodat擅长于beinterestedin对……感兴趣bepleased/satisfied/contentwith对……满意befamousfor因……而出名bekind/goodto对……好belostin沉湎于beactivein在某方面积极besureabout/of确信beafraidof害怕befullof充满befilledwith充满bemadeof/from由……组成begenerousto对……慷慨bepopularwith受欢迎beconfidentof确信befondof喜欢，喜爱beangrywith/at对……发脾气belatefor迟到beamazed/surprised/astonished/shockedat对……感到惊讶bebusydoing忙着做……beexcitedabout对……感到兴奋beworriedabout担心beusedfor/as用于becuriousabout对……好奇［例句］LinLinisconfidentofhisabilitytogetworkforhimself.林林确信自己有能力做这活。Hewasgeneroustoeverybodywithmoney,asaresult,hesavedlittle.他对谁花钱都很慷慨，结果没有攒到多少钱。Sheisveryactiveinhelpingthepoor.在帮助穷人方面，她很热心。Popmusicispopularwiththeyounggeneration.流行歌曲受年轻一代的欢迎。Lostinthought,hedidn'trealizethatIcamein.他陷入思考之中，没有意识到我进来了。IwasamazedatthesightsothatIdidn'tknowwhattodo.看到这一幕我非常惊讶，不知道该做什么。StudentsinSenior3arebusypreparingforthecomingfinalexam.高三学生在忙于准备即将到来的期末考试。【考例1】(2005重庆)--Youknow,Bobisalittleslowunderstanding,so...--SoIhavetobepatienthim.A.in;withB.on;withC.in;toD.at;for［考查目标］同定搭配中介词的选择。［答案与解析］Abeslowin意为“在方面反应迟钝”,bepatientwith意为“对有耐心”。endupwith...以……结束endupwith+n.以……结束ThepartyendedupwiththesingingofAuldLangSyne.endupas...最后成为...Hewillendupasapresidentsomeday.endup+地点状语最后(有结局)Ifyoudriveyourcarlikethat,you'llend(up)inhospital.“make+名词”短语makeanoise吵闹makefaces做鬼脸，做苦脸makeroomfor给..腾出地方makethebed整理床铺makephonecalls打电话makefriendswith交朋友makemoney赚钱makeuseof利用makeadecision做出决定makeamistake犯错误［例句］Theboymadeafaceathisteacherwhensheturnedherback.老师转身时，男孩朝老师做了个鬼脸。Workinginthekitchenmadetheboyintoagoodcook.在厨房里干活使男孩成为一位优秀厨师。Theyweremovedouttoanearbyhotel,tomakeroomformoreimportantpersons.为了给更重要的人物腾出地方，他们被搬到了附近的一家旅店。【考例】TheideapuzzledmesomuchthatIstoppedforafewsecondstotryto.(2003北京春招)A.makeitoutB.makeitoffC.makeitupD.makeitover［考查目标］主要考查make短语。［答案与解析］Amakeout意为“领悟、弄明白、发现真相'makeoff意为“连忙跑掉"；makeup意为“弥补、打扮、组成”；makeover意为“转让、改造”。因为受到迷惑，所以应该是试图发现真相。【考例】--Whenshallwestart?--Let'sitat8:30.Isthatallright?(2002北京)A.setB.meetC.makeD.take［考查目标］此题主要考查make短语。［答案与解析］Cmakeit“规定时间”为固定短语。本句话意思是“把出发的时间定在8点半”。set意思是“对时间”、“调时间”。makefire点火有以下fire(n.)短语:beonfire着火了(表示状态)/catchfire燃着；着火(表示动作)/playwithfire玩火；干冒险的事/Setsth.onfire=setfiretosth.放火烧……/make(a)fire点火；生火/start(cause)afire引起火灾［注意］fire作“火灾”“一堆火”解时，为可数名词。agreat/goodmany许多agreat/goodmany+名词复数，中间无“of”。Agreatmanypeoplehaveseenthefilm.agreat/goodmany+of+the/these/those/one's+名词复数Agreatmanyofthepeoplehaveseenthefilm.makeyourselfathome别拘束makeyourselfathome别拘束(主人对客人说的委婉语)--Goodevening,Jim.--Goodevening,Mary.Comeinandmakeyourselfathome.(all)byoneself独自(没有别人帮助)Youcan'tpossiblydoitallbyyourself.enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime玩得高兴Pleaseenjoyyourselfwhileyou'respendingyourholidayinHawaii.foroneself亲自；为自己Thestudentwantstothinkitforhimself./Oneshouldnotliveforoneselfalone.ofoneself自动地Thedoorclosedofitselfsuddenly.beoneself身体或情绪好Iamnotmyselftoday.(7)helponeselfto+n./pron.随便……Pleasehelpyourselftothefish．inoneself本身Tetooneself苏醒Theinjuredmancametohim-selfinfiveminutes.betweenourselves私下说的话Allthisisbetweenourselves.themajorityof...大多数的……a/themajorityof+名词复数，作主语时，谓语动词多用复数。themajority单独作主语，谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可。Themajorityofpeopleseemtopreferwatchinggamestoplayinggames./Themajoritywere(was)infavouroftheproposal.byamajorityof+数字，以超过票的多数Shewontheelectionbyamajorityof900votes.treat…as把……看做…Thekindladytreatedmeasherowndaughter.【比较】表示“认为”的短语还有：regard...as...consider...(as)...thinkof...as...lookon/upon...as...take...for...［注意］在consider.as.短语中as可省略，其他短语中不可。［牛刀小试2］IfyouareaboutAustraliancities,justreadthebookwrittenbyDr.JerestedB.anxiousC.upsetD.curiousHerson,whomshewasso,wentabroad10yearsago.A.of;lovedB.for;caredC.to;devotedD.on;affectedInordertocontinuetolearnbyourselveswhenwehaveleftschool,wemustlearnhowtostudyintheschoolnow.A.inallB.afterallC.aboveallD.atall--IamsorryIdidn'tdoagoodjob.--Nevermind.,youhavetriedyourbest.A.AboveallB.InallC.AtallD.AfterallSincewecan'tfindabiggerapartment,we'llhavetowhatwehave.A.hopeforthebestB.makeroomforC.makethebestofD.layourhopeon(DCCDC)【句型归纳】Idon'tenjoysinging,nordoIlikecomputers.我不喜欢唱歌，也不喜欢电脑。/RockmusicisOK,andsoisskiing.摇滚音乐还可以，滑雪也行。这两句中nor与so用于倒装结构。例如：Idon'tknow,nordoIcare.我不知道，也不关心。so的常见句型有：so+be/助动词/情态动词+主语(意为“主语也..”)neither/nor+be/助动词/情态动词+主语(意为“主语也不..”)soitis/waswithsb/sth和soitis/wasthesamewithsb/sth(意为“主语也..”)(用在前文有两个或以上的从句，而且分句有不同的谓语或既有肯定又有否定以及既有系动词义有行为动词的情况)so+主语+be/助动词/情态动词(意为“主讲确实如此”)，表示进一步肯定。(5)主语+did+so(意为“主语按照吩咐做了”)。【考例】Maryneverdoesanyreadingintheevening,.(2005全国III)A.sodoesJohnB.JohndoestooC.Johndoesn'ttooD.nordoesJohn［考查目标］nor表示“也不”引导的倒装结构。［答案与解析］D由never可以判断该句为否定句。空格处句意为“约翰也没读书"。nor,so,neither可引起倒装句。Chuckisabusinessmanwhoisalwayssobusythathehaslittletimeforhisfriends.查克是个生意人，他总是那么忙，几乎没有时间和朋友在一起。该句中so...that...和such...that...都能连接结果状讲从句，但要注意词序不同。例如：Joanissuchalonelygirlthatallofuslikeher.=Sheissolovelyagirlthatwealllikeher.常见句型：such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+thatclausesuch+形容词+复数可数名词+thatclausesuch+形容词+不可数名词+thatclauseso+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+thatclauseso+形容词/副词+thatclauseso+many/few+复数可数名词+thatclauseso+much/little+不可数名词+thatclause注意:①当little不表示数量“少”而表示“小”的意思时，仍然要用such。②当so+adj./adv.或such+n.位于句首时，主句需要倒装。【考例】SodifficultittoliveinanEnglish-speakingcountrythatIdeterminedtolearnEnglish.(2001上海)A.IhavefeltB.haveIfeltC.IdidfeelD.didIfeel［考查目标］so+adj.位于句首时，主句倒装。［答案与解析］DA、C语序不对，排除。B时态不对。OnedayChuckisonaflightacrossthePacificOceanwhensuddenlyhisplanecrashes.一天，查克在飞越太平洋时.他的飞机突然坠毁了。该句中的“when”表示“正在这时”，相当于andjust或andatthattime.这时不能用while/as替换。常见句型：(1)beabouttodosthwhen...(2)bedoingsthwhen...(3)beonthepointofdoingsthwhen...【考例】Wewereswimminginthelakesuddenlythestormstarted.(2004北京春招)A.whenB.whileC.untilD.before［考查目标］"when"作连词，表示“正在这时”。［答案与解析］A意为“我正在湖中游泳，突然暴风雨来了。”只有when才能用于这种句型。Hehastolearnhowtocollectwater,huntforfood,andmakefire.他不得不学会收集淡水.寻找食物，生火什么的。该句中的“howItocollect..."为动词不定式短语作宾语。例如：Wemustdecidewhichonetobuy.疑问词which,what,how,when,where等与小定式构成不定式短语。【考例】I'veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknewwhatinmynewjob.(NMET2000)A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects［考查目标］whattodosth不定式短语作宾语。［答案与解析］B该句需要填非谓语动词。排除A、D。句意为“以前我与孩子在一块儿工作过。因此我知道我的新工作需要什么。”C不表示进行，排除CoInordertosurvive,Chuckdevelopedafriendshipwithanunusualfriend—avolleyballhecalledWilson.为了生存下去，查克和一位不寻常的朋友--“排球”建立了友谊，查克叫他威尔森。该句中的"inorderto",意思为“为了，以便”，作目的状语。在句子中作同的状语的常见句型有五种结构：todosth/inordertodosth/soastodosth/inorderthatclause/sothatclause注意：(1)soastodosth不能位于句首。(2)如果主句与从句的主语一致时，四个结构可以相互转换。(3)在inorderthat/sothat引导的从句中，谓语动词常与can,could,may,might等情态动词连用。【考例】(2005北京)I'dliketoarrive20minutesearlyIcanhavetimeforacupoftea.assoonasB.asaresultC.incaseD.sothat［考查目标］目的状语。［答案与解析］Dassoonas“一…就..."；asaresult“结果是”；incase“万一"；sothat“以便，为的是”。句意：“我想提前二十分钟到以便有时间喝杯茶”。该句子中volleyball是作同位语。例如：Headvisedfarmerstochoosethebestseed-heads,theonesthathadthebestcolor.注意：这种同位语(不是同位语从句)与非限制性定语从句的区别。【考例】(NMET2002)Meetingmyuncleaftertheseyearswasanunforgottenmoment,Iwillalwaystreasure.A.thatB.oneC.itD.what［考查目标］one作同位语，指代amomento［答案与解析］Bthat不能引导