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高中英语动词的时态和语态专题训练题【网络构建】动词时态与语态是两个非常重要的语法范畴,构成了英语语法的基本框架。因此时态与语态也是高考中出现频率最高的语法项目。英语有十六种时态,但常考的主要有一般现在时、一般将来时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时及完成进行时等。语态一般不单独设题,通常结合时态进行综合考查。(一)时态概念时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生的时间的各种形式。英语中有十六种动词时态形式,但常见的有九种,见下表:时态名称表示时间表达的意义例句般现在时现在习惯于或经常性动作Classbeginsateighteverymorning.状况Helooksverypale.瞬间动作Therecomestheschoolbus.过去描述过去的事实,以求描述的生动性Theriverriseshigherandhigher,breaksthebanksandfillsalllowplaces.将来固定不变或不易变的动作或状态TomorrowisSunday.(在时间或条件从句中)表示将来的动作或状态Whenhearrives,we'llgoouttomeethim.Itwillbe3hoursbeforeIcomeback.不受时间限制的动作或状态Thesunrisesintheeast.Practicemakesperfect.般过去时过去某时(或某段时间内)的动作HetraveledinFrancelastyear.状态HewasinShenzhengsomeyearsago.习惯动作WhenIwasatcollege,Iwrotehomeonceamonth.先后一连串动作Hewenttotown,boughtsomebooksandvisitedhisdaughter.现在或将来非真实的动作或状态,属虚拟语气范畴It'stimewehadsupper.Ifhearrivedtomorrow,Ishouldmeethimattheairport.般将将来某个时刻(或某段时间内)将要发生的动作,更多地用于带有条件从句的主句中Hewillcomenextweek.I'llaskherassoonasshecomes.

来时状态Yourdresswillbereadysoon.现在预测现在某事可能要发生了It'steno'clock.Marywillbeinbedbynow・现在的习惯Alionwillneverattackanelephant.现在的需要ShallIhelpyou?对将来的事情现在作出决定---Whichshirtdoyouwant?---I'lltaketheredone,please.现在进行时现在某时(或某段时间内)正在进行的动作Heiswritingaletternow.SheisvisitingShanghaithisweek.婉转口气I'mhopingtohearfromyousoon.带有感情色彩的叙述Theboyisalwaystalkinginclass.将来按计划一般不易变更的动作Thetrainisleavingat11:00p.m..(在时间或条件从句中)表示将来的动作Whenyouarecyclingalongthestreet,don't'forgetthetrafficlight.过去进行时过去某时(或时间段内)进行的动作Iwasdoingmyhomeworkthistimelastnight.故事发生的背景Thewindwasblowinganditwasraininghard.带有感情色彩的叙述Hewasmakingtroubleallthetime.过去说话前不久的动作Iwastellinghimhismotherwasill.婉转口气Iwashopingyoucouldhelpme.过去将来时过去间接引用某人过去的话和想法Hewarnedusthatthejourneywouldbedangerous.习惯性动作Atdusk,theseoldladieswouldsitinrockingchairsandtalk.现在非真实的动作或状态IfIwereyou,IwouldstudyFrench.客气的请求Wouldyoumindhelpingme?愿望Iwouldlikeacupoftea.现在宀完成时宀完成用法现在时间前完成的动作留下的结果或影响Hehasturnedoffthelight.IhavebeentoJapan.现在时间前已做的动作Heisreadingthebookthathehasboughtrecently.(在时间或条件从句中)表示在将来某个时间前先要做完的动作I'llreturnthebooktoyouassoonasIhavefinishedit.

过去完成

时未完成用法完成用法未完成用法直到现在为止尚未完成的动作过去某一时刻或某一事件前完成的动作或状态过去某一时刻或某一事件前已过去完成

时未完成用法完成用法未完成用法直到现在为止尚未完成的动作过去某一时刻或某一事件前完成的动作或状态过去某一时刻或某一事件前已发生但未完成的动作HehaslivedinWuhansincelastsummer.Bytheendoflasttermwehadlearned3000Englishwords.ByDecemberlastyear,hehadworkedinBeijingforfiveyears.其他用法表示非真实的,想象的过去动作或状态IwishIhadtoldhimaboutit.Ifworkedharder,shewouldhavesucceeded.Theyhadmeanttoseemeoffattheairport,buttheygottheretoolafe.shehad(二)时态的运用1.现在时等表示将来时;im【重点提示】用现在时表示将来时往往出现在以下状语从句中:if,unless,ev等引if的条件状语从句;when,before;after;once;until;till;assoonas;(themoment等引导的时间状语从句;nomatterwhat/who/which/when/where/或Owhatever/whoever/whenever/wherever/however/which引v导的勺让步状语从句。;im在上述从句中如果主句是将来时(往往出现will,shall,can,等情态动词或祈使句),从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时。如:I'llnotgotohisbirthdaypartyunlessI'minvited.Tellhimthenewsassoonashecomesback.有时这个时态表示按计划、规定要发生的动作(句中带有时间状语),但限于少数动词如begin,come,leave,goarrive,start,stop,retuR等。如pen,closeThemeetingbeginsatseven.Thetrainstartsatnineinthemorning.当主句是过去将来时,用一般过去时表示过去将来时。如:Hesaidhewouldgoforaholidaywhenhefinishedhiswork.上述从句中还用现在完成时表示将来完成时,此时强调从句动作在主句之前发生。如:Youcan'tgooutuntilyouhavefinishedyour先0完成作k业再出去玩。)2.过去时在语境中的运用【重点提示】在没有明确时间状语的情况下,考生对过去时的判定往往会失误,原因是只凭汉语直译而不看语境。语境中的过去时往往表示“刚才、刚刚”之意,暗示现在已“不再这样。”如:Ineverthoughthewoulddothat.现在完成时与一般过去时【重点提示】考生很容易将现在完成时误用为一般过去时,原因是没有深刻领会“现在完成时强调对现在造成的影响”这句话的含义。一般过去时仅仅说明动作在过去,不强调对现在的影响。如:---Wherehaveyouputtherecorder?Ican'tfinditanywhere!---Iputitrighthere,butnowit'sgone.问句用现在完成时,表明说话者在找录音机,希望对方告诉他录音机在哪里。而答语用过去时,因为“录音机已经不见了”。“刚才”把录音机放这儿与“现在不见了”没有直接关系。4.某些固定的句式中的时态【重点提示】在某些固定的句式中,其时态是固定的、约定俗成的。1)This/Itis/willbethefirst/second---time+that从句一般用现在完成时,若主句be动词用was,则that从句用过去完成时。如:ThisisthefirsttimeIhavecomehere.Itwasthethirdtime(that)hehadmadethesamemistake.Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since从句。Since从句中一般用过去时,如果将前边的is改成was,则since从句中用过去完成时。如:Itwastenyearssincewehadhadsuchawonderfultime.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zbeabouttodo---when---意为“即将(这时)突然”。如:Iwasabouttogotobedwhenthetelephonerang.be(was/were)doing---when---意为“正在干(这时)突然”。如:TheywereplayingfootballwhenJackshoutedinpain.Hardlyhad---done---when---;Nosoonerhad---done---than---\o"CurrentDocument"when和than从句里也用过去时,表示“刚刚就”。如:HardlyhadIgothomewhentherainpoureddown.Nosoonerhadthevillagerslefttheburningbuildingthanitfelldownintopieces.It+be+—段时间+before从句该句式分两种情况:若主句用将来时,则从句用一般现在时表将来时,意为多长时间以后即将发生某事;若主句用过去时,从句也用过去时,意为多长时间后发生了某事。如:Itwont'belongbeforehesucceeds.(=Hewillsoonsucceed.)Itwastenyearsbeforetheymetagain.(=Theymetagaintenyearslater.)现在完成进行时【重点提示】现在完成进行时主要表示动作开始于过去某时,一直持续到现在,当然中间动作有时并非无停顿。事实上现在完成进行时除了表示动作“已完成”的概念外,也可以表示动作“未完成”概念,一般可换用,但口语中更倾向于用现在完成进行时。如:HehastaughtEnglishfor10years.也可说成:HehasbeenteachingEnglishfor10years.下列最好用现在完成进行时,因为带有一定的感情色彩。如:Wherehaveyoubeen?I'vebeentelephoningyouthewholemorning!He'sbeentalkingtomesincethismorning.非延续性(终止性)动词怎样表示一段时间【重点提示】非延续性动词有mary,die,close,arrive,post,come,fall,leave,go,break,give,join,jump,receive,buy,borrow,become,start,begin,graduate等。这些非延续性动词如果用于现在完成时,不能与表示一段时间的时间状语for---,since---连用。如:可以说:IhaveboughtanAudicar.不可以说:IhaveboughtanAudicarforayear.如果要表示一段时间,句中不能用终止性动词,一定要用相应的延续性动词。如:IhavehadanAudicarforayear.也可以用以下方式:IboughtanAudicarayearago.It's/hasbeenayearsinceIboughtanAudicar.二、语态当句子的主语是动作的承受者时,谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由be动词+动词过去分词构成,时态通过be的变化形式来体现。如:Thebridgeisbeingbuiltnow.Hewasaskedalotofquestionsatthemeeting.动词say,believe,report,announce,suppose,know,consider,hope等以it作主语时用被动语态,后面接that从句。如:Itissaidthatourfootballteamhaswonthegame.【重点提示】英语中有时用主动形式表示被动含义,主要有以下三种情况:谓语动词、非谓语动词和介词短语。(一)用谓语动词的形式表示被动含义1.表示状态特征的连系动词look,sound,feel,smell,taste,prove,appear+形容词/名词构成的系表结构。Thesteelfeelscold.Hisplanproved(tobe)practical.表示“开始”、“结束”、“运动”的动词,如begin,finish,start,open,close,stop,end,shut,run,move.Workbeganat7o'clockthismorning.Theshopclosesat6p.m.everyday.表示主语的某种属性特征的动词,如read,write,act,sell,wash,clean,open,cook,lock,shut,dry,eat,drink这类动词一般不单独使用,常加上一个修饰语。如:Thiscoatdrieseasily.Thepenwritessmoothly.少数动词用于进行时,其主动形式表示被动含义。如:print,build,cook,fry,hang,make.Thebooksareprinting.(二)用非谓语动词的主动形式表示被动含义1.want,need,require作“需要”讲时,后用动名词的主动形式表被动含义,这时动名词同句子的主语之间在逻辑上有动宾关系。如:Thehouseneeds/wants/requiresrepairing.形容词worth后用动名词的主动形式表示被动含义Thisproblemiswellworthconsidering.Theclosegameisworthwatching.不定式在某些形容词(difficult,easy,hard‘comfortable,pleasant,fit,unfit,light,heavy,good,safe,dangerous)后作状语且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成逻辑上的动宾关系时,用主动形式表示被动含义,这是因为人们往往认为形容词后省去了forsb.如:Thequestionisdifficult(forme)tounderstand.Sheiseasy(forpeople)togetalongwith.不定式作名词的后置定语,与被修饰的名词构成逻辑上的动宾关系,又和该句的主语后宾语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时,不定式常用主动式表被动含义。如:Ihavealotofworktodothisevening.在therebe句型中修饰主语的动词不定式用主动形式和被动形式皆可。在口语中多用主动形式。如:Therearemanythingstodo/bedone.不定式tolet,toblame等表示被动意义。如:Thecaristolet.(汽车出租。)(三)介词in,on,under等+n.构成的介词短语表示被动意义ThehousefacingthelakeisinthepossessionofJohn.=ThehousefacingthelakeispossessedbyJohn.Thequestionisunderdiscussion.=Thequestionisbeingdiscussed.【命题趋势】历年来高考中时态题一般要求考生能够根据上下文捕捉和体会动作发生的时间信息,充分注意题干中语境,准确判断时态,弄清句子主语和谓语之间的主动关系和被动关系;熟练掌握英语动词的各种时态,并侧重区别一般过去时与现在完成时、一般过去时与过去完成时的用法。一般来说考进行时和完成时的频率更高一点。语态一般很少单独设题,往往穿插在时态中进行综合考查,要求考生掌握各种时态的被动形式尤其是现在进行时的被动语态和过去完成时的被动语态。【点击真题】【例1】---Sorrytohaveinterruptedyou.Pleasegoon.---WherewasI?---Youyoudidn'tlikeyourfather'sjob.(2004北京春)hadsaidB.saidC.weresayingD.hadbeensaying答案】C。点拨】本题考查过去进行时与过去时及过去完成时的区别。解析】本题是一组对话。第二句意为“我刚才讲到哪里了?”对方回答说“你刚才正讲到你不喜欢你父亲的工作那个地方。应该指刚才正讲到------,所以用过去进行时,选C。例2】Howcanyoupossiblymissthenews?ItonTValldaylong.hasbeenB.hadbeenC.wasD.willbe(2004北京春)【答案】A.点拨】本题考查时态用法。解析】从句意来看,“你怎么可能会没听到这个消息呢?电视上整天在播放该消息。”而且句中alldaylong表示该动作或状态一直在进行,因此应该用完成时态。例3】Allmorningasshewaitedforthemedicalreportfromthedoctor,hernervousness___.A.hasgrownB.isgrowingC.grewD.hadgrown(NMET2003)答案】C.点拨】本题考查时态用法。【解析】先排除A、B两项,因为从从句看,说的是过去的事,与现在无关;再排除D项,因为“她”不可能在等候医学报告之前就增加了紧张感了。故应选C表明“等候”与“增长”两个动作都在过去同时发生。例4】AtthistimetomorrowovertheAtlantic.A.we'regoingtoflyB.we'llbeflyingC.we'llflyD.we'retofly(2003北京)答案】B。【点拨】本题考查将来进行时shall(will)be+现在分词的用法。解析】shall(will)be+现在分词的用法可表示“纯粹的将来”,说话者仅陈述一个事实。或表示某种可能的推测,有“我料想,我估计”的含义。本题中的时间状语atthistimetomorrow很明显是个将来进行时,故选B。例5】---DavidandVickymarried?---Foraboutthreeyears.A.Howlongwere;beingB.Howlonghave;gotC.Howlonghave;beenD.Howlongdid;get(2003北京)答案】C.点拨】本题考查1.延续性动词的用法.2.动词短语bemarried,getmarried的区别.解析】根据回答“Foraboutthreeyears.”可知应提问两人结婚(到现在)已多久了,须用现在完成时,排除A、D两项;再排除B项,getmarried当作非延续性动词使用,不能和表示一段时间的状语连用,不能用Howlong来提问。Bemarried表示延续的状态,是延续性动词。例6】Thenewscameasnosurprisetome.Iforsometimethatthefactorywasgoingtoshutdown.(2003北京)A.hadknownB.knewC.haveknownD.know【答案】A.【点拨】本题考查动词时态的用法知识。【解析】本题的第一句是关键“对于那消息我不感到惊讶”,原因就是在这之前已经知道了内容。第一句用了一般过去时,在一过去动作之前的事情,应选过去完成时。【例7】Iping-pangquitewell,butIhaven'thadtimetoplaysincethenewyear.A.willplayB.haveplayedC.playedD.play(NMET2001)【答案】D。【点拨】该题考查动词时态。【解析】But后的并列分句用在现在完成时的否定表示到现在为止未完成的动作,由此可推断出一个并列分句表示的是经常性的或习惯性的动作,须用一般现在时,故答案为Do【例8】Iarrivedlate;Itheroadtobesoicy.(2004北京春)A.wouldn'texpectB.haven'texpectedC.hadn'texpectedD.wasn'texpecting【答案】Co【点拨】本题考查的是时态用法。【解析】本题由两个分句组成。前一个分句用一般过去时。后一个分句中的动词expect实际上是发生在前一个分句中动词arrived之前,指在此之前没有料到路面会那么的滑。因此应该用过去完成时。故答案选Co【例9】Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnology___sorapidly.(NMET2001)A.ischangingB.hadchangedC.willhavechangedD.willchange【答案】A.【点拨】本题考查动词的时态用法。【解析】题干为一个含有原因状语动句的主从复合句,主句陈述的情况是一客观事实,原因状语从句强调一直正在进行的动作,故答案为A。又如:Don'tturnoffthelightbecauseIamreadingareportnow.【例10】Comeandseemewhenever.youareconvenientB.youwillbeconvenientitisconvenienttoyouD.itwillbeconvenienttoyou(2003北京)【答案】Co【点拨】本题考查1.whenever“任何时间”引导的时间状语从句2.convenient一词的用法.【解析】1.先排除B、D两项,因为状语从句中一般将来时需用一般现在时代替。2.convenient“方便的,合适的”,beconvenienttosb.(对某人来说)如果方便的话.排除A项.【拓展演练】【基础过关题】1.---You'redrinkingtoomuch.---Onlyathome.Noone___mebutyou.A.isseeingB.hadseenC.sawD.sees2.---LookattheterriblesituationIamin!IfonlyIyouradvice.---Don'tworry.Tryagain.A.followB.wouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.havefollowed3.Thetelephonethreetimesinthelasthour,andeachtimeitformyfather.A.hadrung;wasB.hasrung;wasC.rang;hasbeenD.hasbeenringing;is---Johntookaphotographofyoujustnow.---Really?Whatapity!I.A.didn'tlookB.wasn'tlookingC.hadn'tlookedD.haven'tlookedAftertheclass,thestudentswentoutoftheclassroomonebyone,butonlyMary___.A.leftB.hadleftC.wasleavingD.wasleftThe2000OlympicGamesinSydney,acityofAustralia.A.weretakenplaceB.washeldC.wereheldD.hadbeenheldTheteachertoldhisstudentsthattheytobeusefulmentothecountry.A.wereallexpectedB.wereallexpectingC.allwereexpectedD.allexpected---You'veagreedtogo,butwhyaren'tyougettingready?---ButIthatyou___metostartatonce.A.don'trealize;wantB.don'trealize;wanteddidn'trealize;wantedD.haven'trealized;wantWilltheseflowersbewatered?A.everyfewdaysB.afterhoursC.withinafewhoursD.theotherdayNobodyknewwhenthefire,buttheyknewitthenextmorning.A.brokeout,wasputoutB.wasbrokenout;wasputoutC.brokeout;putoutD.wasbrokenout;wentouthavenoideawhatwhileIwasasleep.A.hashappenedB.washappenedC.happenedD.hadhappened---Look!Somebodyhasbrokenaglass.---Well,itme.I___that.A.wasn't;didn'tdoB.isn't;haven'tdoneC.wasn't;hadn'tdoneD.isn't;didn'tdoThethiefwhenhewasstealingawalletfromawoman.A.happenedtonoticeB.wastakenplacetonoticeC.washappenedtobenoticedD.happenedtobenoticed---DoyouknowanyoneinParis?---No,I'llmakefriendsonce.A.I'msettledB.IhavesettledC.I'llbesettledD.I'msettling---Comeon,Shella.Iwanttoshowyousomething.---Oh,howniceofyou.Iyoutobringmeagift.A.didn'tthink;weregoingB.neverthink;aregoingC.neverthought;weregoingD.hadn'tthought;weregoing16.Itwillbealongtime___Frankbackfromabroad.A.before;comesB.since;hascomeC.when;hascomeD.after;came17.---I'veheardBobfromhisjourneytoAfrica.---Whataboutvisitinghimtonight?A.hadcomebackB.comingbackC.comebackD.isbackUnfortunatelywhenIarrivedshe,soweonlyhadtimeforafewwords.A.justleftB.hasjustleftC.wasjustleavingD.hadjustleft---Howdoyouusuallygotowork?---Ifitisfine,I___onfoot.A.willgoB.goC.havegoneD.won'tgoHe___andwasmadetorepeatit.A.didn'tunderstandB.didn'tbeunderstoodC.wasn'tunderstandD.wasn'tunderstoodThepupilshereallkindsofexerciseseverydayinthepastfourweeks.\A.keptbusydoingB.keepondoingC.havekeptbusydoingD.havebeenkeptbusydoing---WhatwereyoudoingwhenTomcametoseeyou?---Ionmycoatand.a)havejustput;leavingB.wasput;wasleftC.hadjustput;wasleavingD.wasputting;left---Youhaven'tsaidawordaboutmynewcoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?---I'msorryI___anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkitisprettyonyou.A.wasn'tsayingB.don'tsayC.won'tsayD.didn'tsay---Iamsorry,butIshouldn'thavebeensorudetoyou.---Youyourtemperbutthat'sOK.A.havelostB.hadlostC.didloseD.werelosing---IsTomstillsmoking?---No,bynextSaturdayhe___forawhilemonthwithoutsmokingasinglecigarette.A.willgoB.hasgoneC.willhavegoneD.hasbeengoing---Whatwereyouuptowhenyourmothercamein?---I___forawhileandsomereading.A.wasplaying;wasgoingtoB.played;didC.hadplayed;wasgoingtoD.hadplayed;did---you___theeditorattheairport?---No,he___awaybeforemyarrival.A.Have;met;hasdrivenB.Had;met;wasdrivenC.Did;meet;hadbeendrivenD.Have;met;haddriven---What'sthematter?---Theshoesdon'tfitproperly.They___myfeet.A.arehurtingB.willhurtC.havehurtD.arehurt29.---___Bettythismorning?---Notyet,butsheissuretobeherebeforenoon.A.HaveyouseenB.WillyouseeC.DoyouseeD.Didyousee30.---Alicecamebackhomethedaybeforeyesterday.---Really?Where?A.hasshebeenB.hadshebeenC.hasshegoneD.hadshegone【能力提高题】canguessyouwereinahurry.Youyoursweaterinsideout.A.hadwearB.wereC.werewearingD.arewearingreallydon't'thinkRosemarywillbeupset,butIwillgoandseeherincaseshe___.A.isB.doesC.willbeD.hasbeenMymoney_.ImustgotothebanktodrawsomeofmysavingsoutbeforeI'venoneinhand.A.hasrunoutB.isrunningoutC.hasbeenrunoutD.isbeingrunoutUntilthen,I___forhimforfivehoursinhisoffice.A.waitedB.waswaitingC.havebeenwaitingD.hadbeenwaitingTheforeignfriendsyoureferredtolookingforwardtoaroundouruniversity.A.are;beingshownB.being;beingshownC.being;showingD.are;beshownThedoor.Bettersendforaworkmantorepairit.A.isn'topenB.isn'tbeopenedC.hasn'tbeenopenedD.won'topenIdon'tmindalone,butIwantagoodbook.A.leaving;readingB.beingleft;toreadC.tobeleft;tobereadD.beingleft;tobereadTheshopassistantpromisedmethatthematerial,andwhatshesaid___tobetrue.A.wouldbedriedeasily;wasprovedB.willbedriedeasily;wasprovedC.driedeasily;provedD.driedeasy;proved---Sorry,I___toposttheletterforyou.---Nevermind.itmyselfafterschool.A.forget;I'dratherpostB.forgot;I'mgoingtopostC.forgot;I'llpostD.forget;I'dbetterpost---Whathappenedtothepostman?---Idon'tknow.Hearoundhereforalongtime.A.hasn'tseenB.didn'tseeC.wasn'tseenD.hasn'tbeenseen\---DidyouwritetoMarylastmonth?---No,butI'll___heroverChristmasDay.A.beseenB.beseeingC.haveseenD.havebeenseeing\Theysaidgood-bye,littleknowingthattheyagain.A.werenevermetB.willnevermeetC.nevermetD.werenevertomeet---Don'tyouknowImakethedecisionhere?---,notuntilyoume.A.Yes,havetoldB.No,havetoldC.Yes,tellD.No,aretelling14.Itwon'tbelongbeforesuchathingagain.A.willhappenB.happensC.ishappenedD.happened15.Theboywhomyoulentthebiketo___byacar.A.hitB.behitC.havingbeenhitD.washitBythetimethespeakerenteredthehall,allthelisteners.A.hadseatedB.wereseatedC.seatedD.wereseatingWecannotusethebridgenow,becauseit___.A.hasbeenrepairedB.isrepairingC.isrepairedD.isbeingrepairedTheroom___coolinsummerandwarminwinter.A.isbeingfeltB.isfeltC.feelsD.hasbeenfelt19.Inwarmweatherfruitandmeatlong.A.don'tkeepB.cannotbekeptC.arenotkeptD.arenotkeeping20.It'sthethirdtimeyou___lateforschoolthisweek.A.havebeenB.hadbeenC.areD.wereOnceyou___usedtotheweatherhere,youthisplace.A.hadgot;probablylikedB.willget;probablylikeC.get;probablylikedD.get;willprobablylikeTheyforlongwhenamessagecame.A.haddrunkB.drunkC.hadnotdrunkD.weredrinkingPerhapsseveralyearsbackfromabroad.A.Tomis;thathecomesB.itis;beforeTomwillcomeC.hewillbe;whenTomcomesD.itwillbe;beforeTomcomes---Well,hereIamatlast.---Good!I___worried___youcouldn'tbebackontime.A.got;aboutthatB.was;thatC.am;whetherD.am;why---Haveyoupostedmyletter?---Sorry,I___allaboutit.A.hadforgottenB.willforgetC.forgotD.forget---Jimhasbeeninhospital.---Oh,really?I___.visither.A.didn'tknow;I'llgoandB.don'tknow;IhaveintendedtoC.don'tknow;IintendedtoD.haven'tknown;Iwasgoingto27.Itwastwelveo'clock___theyfinishedthework.A.sinceB.atwhichC.thatD.when---Where___themap?---I___itrighthere.A.didyouput;haveputB.haveyouput;putC.hadyouput;wasputtingD.wereyouputting;haveput---Wheredoyouthink___he___thecomputer?---Sorry.Ihavenoidea.A.has;broughtB./;boughtC.did;buyD.had;bought---Areyouavisitorhere?---That'sright.I___roundtheworldandnowmydreamofcomingtoChina___true.A.havetraveled;hascomeB.wastraveling;hadbeencomeC.amtraveling;hascomeD.havetraveled;hasbeencome【高考冲刺题】1.Ididn'tlikeAuntLucy,whowithoutwarningandbringinguspresents.A.alwaysturnsupB.hasalwaysturnedupC.wasturnedupD.wasalwaysturningup2.---Didhenoticeyouentertheroom?---Idon'tthinkso.Hetotheradiowithhiseyesshut.A.listenedB.waslisteningC.haslistenedD.hadlistened3.---Wouldyouliketovisitthetemple?IfIaweekoff.A.willhaveB.hadC.havehadD.wouldhave---Look!Howlonglikethis?---Threeweeks!It'susualherethatrainwithoutstoppingthesedaysatsea.A.hasitrained;poursB.hasitbeenraining;poursC.isitraining;ispouringD.doesitrain;pours5.ItohelpyoubutIwasnotabletospareanytime.IapaperlastnightandI'llfinishittonight.A.wanted;havebeenwritingB.havewanted;wroteC.hadwanted;wroteD.hadwanted;waswriting6.Theprice,butIdoubtwhetheritwillremainso.A.wentdownB.willgodownC.hasgonedownD.wasgoingdown7.Inthisexperiment,theyarewokenupseveraltimesduringthenight,andaskedtoreportwhatthey.A.hadjustbeendreamingB.arejustdreamingC.havejustbeendreamingD.hadjustdreamtIwanttobuythatkindofclothbecauseItheclothwell.A.havetold;washesB.havebeentold;washesC.wastold;washedD.havebeentold;iswashedThecarrandownthehill,andthedriver__,accordingtothenewspaper,tohavebeenkilled.A.saidB.wassayingC.wassaidD.hadbeensaid---Wasthatthefirsttimeyou___England'scoast.---Yes.Itwas.A../;leftB.when;haveleftC.when;hadleftD./hadleftIshouldhavewrittentoyouearlier,butratherbusyrecently.A.I'vebeenB.I'dbeenC.I'mbeingD.IwereHewillphonehehiswork.A.forthemoment;setsaboutB.themoment;setsaboutC.themoment;willsetaboutD.forthemoment;willsetabout---Katereturnedhomeyesterday.TOC\o"1-5"\h\z---Really?Where?A.hasshebeenB.hadshegoneC.hasshegoneD.hadshebeen14.Insuchdryweather,theflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey.A.havesurvivedB.aretosurviveC.wouldsurviveD.willsurvive15.TheTVsetsmadebyourfactorysellbest,but10yearsagonoonecouldhaveguessedtheplaceinthemarketsthatthey.A.werehavingB.weretohaveC.hadhadD.had16.---Canyougivemetherightanswer?---Sorry,I.Wouldyourepeatthatquestion?A.hadn'tlistenedB.haven'tlistenedC.don'tlistenD.wasn'tlisteningviolinlessonseverytwoweeks,butIthinkI'llmakeiteveryweekfromnextmonth.A.amhavingB.havehadC.haveD.havebeenhaving18.---WhatwereyoudoingwhenIphonedyouyesterdayevening?---Imyhomeworkandwasstartingtotakeabath.A.hadjustfinishedB.wasfinishingC.havealreadyfinishedD.wasgoingtofinish---Yourbabyistoothin.---Itcouldgainweight,butitmuch.A.doesn'teatB.didn'teatC.hadn'tbeenD.couldn'teatPleasecallagain.Jimabathjustnow.A.hashadB.washavingC.ishavingD.has---Whydidyoucomebytaxi?---MybikebrokedownlastnightandIitrepaired.A.didn'thaveB.don'thaveC.won'thaveD.haven'thadIdon'treallyworkhere.Iuntilthenewsecretaryarrives.A.justhelpoutB.havejusthelpedoutC.amjusthelpingoutD.willjusthelpoutYoutelevision.Whynotdosomethingmoreactive?A.alwayswatchB.arealwayswatchingC.havealwayswatchedD.havealwaysbeenwatching---Canyoudriveonthefreeway,Mr.Green?---Youcanwhenyouabitmoreskilled.A.willgetB.aregettingC.willhavegotD.getIatthestationhalfanhourago,butthetrain___yet.A.arrived;hadn'tcomeB.wasarriving;hadn'tcomeC.arrived;hasn'tcomeD.hadarrived;didn'tcomeWhydon'tyouputthemeatinthefridge?Itwill___freshforseveraldays.A.bestayedB.stayC.bestayingD.havestayed27.Thelittlegirlherheartoutbecauseshehertoybearandbelievedshewasn'tevergoingtofindit.A.hadcried;lostB.cried;hadlostC.hascried;haslostD.cries;haslostIfeelitisyourhusbandwhoforthespoiledchild.A.istoblameB.isgoingtoblameC.istobeblamedD.shouldblameHundredsofjobsifthefactorycloses.A.loseB.willbelostC.arelostD.willloseRainforestsandburnedatsuchagreatspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.A.cutB.arecutC.arebeingcutD.hadbeenout动词时态和语态(解析)【基础过关题】答案:Do解析:从第一句中可知,本题排除与过去时有关的B、C两项,而see—般不用进行时,故用一般现在时。答案:co解析:ifonly在句中引导虚拟语气,在含有ifonly虚拟句中,不能用情态动词,根据语境这里是与过去事实相反的一种情况,所以要用过去完成时。Bo解析:第一句中有inthepasthour,故用现在完成时;第二句中eachtime显然是过去的时间,故选Bo答案:Bo解析:先排除D项,然后从语境中可知,不在看(镜头)是指John给我拍照时的动作,故用过去进行时。答案:Do解析:此句中Mary是被留下来,而不是主动离开。答案:Co解析:A项中takeplace无被动语态,B项中主谓不一致,D项时态不对。答案:Ao解析:从本句意思来看,they应指学生,与expect之间应是被动关系。Beexpectedtodo意思是:被指望做o答案:Co解析:realize不是现在的动作,而是在你提醒我之前没有意识到,故用C,主从句时态也一致。答案:Co解析:本句用的是将来时,故排除A、DoB项中afterhours一般用于过去时态,只有C正确。Within相当于in.答案:ao解析:breakout无被动语态。putout与fire之间应体现被动关系。答案:C。解析:happen无被动语态,而A项时态与whileIwasasleep不符合。答案:A。解析:答句中说明“打破杯子的不是我,我没做那事”,故用一般过去时。答案:D。解析:happentodo表示“正好,碰巧”,无被动语态,而thethief与notice之间是被动关系,故选D。答案:A。解析:本题考查状语从句中时态,主句是将来时,故在once引导的条件状语从句中用现在时表示将来时,而besettled指生活安顿下来,故选A。15.答案:C。解析:原句意思是“我压根儿不曾想到你会给我带礼物来”。“没想到”当然是过去的动作,故排除B项,而D项的时态也不对;A项中didn'tthink表示“我并不认为---”与原句意思不符。第二空用weregoingto表示过去将来时,与主句时态一致。16.答案:A。解析:Itwillbe/wasalongtimebefore是个固定结构。17.答案:D。解析:主句中用现在完成时,若选A,主从句中时态不一致。若选B、C项表示听到Bob回来或听到Bob回来了,D项表示我听说Bob从非洲回来了,heard后省去了that,主从句时态一致。18.答案:C。解析:从句意来看,我到那儿时,她还没离开,而是正要离开,故选Co19.答案:B。解析:一般情况下条件从句中用现在时,主句用一般将来时。但本题中问句里有usually—词,询问的是通常的情况,故用Bo20.答案Do解析:从后半句wasmadetorepeatit可知,因为他没有被听懂,故用被动语态。21.答案:Do解析:本题中时间状语everydayinthepastfourweeks表示从过去某一时间到现在的四周里每天进行的动作,故用现在完成进行时,而主语thepupil与keep之间是被动关系,故用bekeptbusydoing结构。22.答案:Co解析:原句意思是“Tom来看我时我刚穿好衣服,正准备离开。”故选Co23.答案:Do解析:答句中用过去时表示在你征询我的意见前我没有及时说,故用Do24.答案:Co解析:从Ishouldn'thavebeensorudetoyou一句可看出,对方是为自己在过去某一时候的无礼举动表示歉意,故发脾气这一动作发生在过去,但不用过去完成时或进行时,C项中用didlose表示强调。25.答案:Co解析:由时间状语bynextSaturday可知,时态应用将来完成时,选Co26.答案:Co解析:答句中forawhile暗示要用完成时,此处显然用过去完成时;第二空用过去进行时指妈妈进来时我正在看书。27.答案:Co解析:从答句beforemyarrival可知,本题问句应用过去时,而第二空显然是指过去的过去发生的动作,故选Co28.答案:Ao解析:用现在进行时表示现在的情况。我此时感到疼痛。29.答案:Ao解析:句中yet—词暗示问句应用现在完成时。30.答案:Bo解析:Alice现已回来了,人不在外地,故不用have/has/hadgone;而本句第一分句讲Alice是前天回来的,故问的该是在前天以前上哪儿了,因此选B,用过去完成时。【能力提高题】1.答案:Do解析:因为现在你身上的毛衣里外穿反了,由此推断当时你很匆忙。2.答案:Ao解析:incase引导的是条件状语从句,主句用将来时,从句用现在时,因为前边有beupset,故用be动词is,后面省略upseto3.答案:Bo解析:从后句可知,我手头还有一点钱,但很快要用完了,故用B项,进行时表示将来时。4.答案:Do解析:untilthen表示到过去某一时候为止,故用过去完成时。5.答案:Ao解析:第一空应填主句的谓语动词,故排除B、C。第二空作介词to的宾语;foreignfriends与showaround之间是被动关系,故选Ao6.答案:Do解析:本题考查的是主动语态表示被动语态的用法。动词open表示主语的属性特征,类似的动词还有close,read,write,sell,wash,dry等,一般都用主动式表示被动含义。7.答案:Bo解析:mind后接动名词,故排除C项。I与leave之间应体现被动关系,故在B、D中选。第二空不定式作定语,因为句中有执行read的主语I,故用主动式。8.答案:Co解析:dry指主语material的属性特征,应用主动形式表示被动含义。此时它是不及物动词,故用副词修饰;第二空prove是连系动词,所以选Co9.答案:Co解析:“忘了为你寄信”是过去的动作,故用B、C。而B项中I'mgoingtop表示“打算去寄”不符合上句的语境。10.答案:Do解析:从时间状语foralongtime可知到说话时为止很长时间邮递员未被见到了。故用现在完成时。答案:B。解析:将来进行时will/shallbedoingsth.可用于表达预计即将发生或势必要发生的动作,在一般情况下可和一般将来时换用,用将来时

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