辽宁工业大学第 八届教师专业综合能力竞赛 （外语类）

辽宁工业大学第

八届教师专业综合能力竞赛（外语类）英语试题测试要求及形式1）写作：（1）难度要求：试题难度不低于大学英语四级、六级、研究生入学考试写作水平要求。（2）测试要求：a.能熟练掌握并应用英语说明文、议论文、应用文的写作技巧与方法；b.能使用丰富的词汇和语法结构，语言表达自然流畅，语段连贯性好，语篇结构合理、逻辑性强，内容充实。（3）测试形式：写作题型为提纲式作文、应用文、图表或图片作文、命题作文等，写作长度要求160-200词，主要考察说明文、议论文、应用文等常用体裁的写作。2）听力（1）难度要求：试题难度不低于大学英语四、六级听力水平要求。（2）测试要求：a.能听懂真实交际场合中各种英语会话和讲话；b.能听懂VOA、BBC或CNN等国外传媒节目中有关政治、经济、文化、教育、科技等方面的专题报道；c.能听懂有关政治、经济、历史、文化、教育、语言文学、科普方面的一般讲座及讲座后的问答。（3）测试形式：听力理解部分题型为选择题，由SectionA、SectionB和SectionC三部分组成。所有听力内容均以正常语速播放一遍。四级：SectionA：NewsReports此部分包括3则新闻，共有7个选择题，每题1分，共计7分。SectionB:LongConversations此部分包括2个长对话，共有8个选择题，每题1分，共计8分。SectionC:Passages此部分包括3个篇章，共有10个选择题，每题2分，共计20分。六级：SectionA：LongConversations此部分包括2个长对话，共有8个选择题，每题1分，共计8分。SectionB:Passages此部分包括2个篇章，共有7个选择题，每题1分，共计7分。SectionC:Lectures此部分包括讲话/讲座3篇，共有10个选择题，每题2分，共计20分。3）阅读（1）难度要求：试题难度不低于大学英语四级、六级、研究生入学考试水平要求。（2）测试要求：a.能读懂一般英美报刊杂志上的社论和书评、英语国家出版的有一定难度的历史传记和文学作品；b.能分析文章的思想观点、语篇结构、语言特点和修辞手法；c.能掌握文章的主旨和大意，理解事实和细节。（3）测试形式：阅读理解题型为选择题，分三部分：SectionA、SectionB和SectionC，共计4篇文章，题材包括社会、经济、科技、文化等。考试时间为40分钟，共计30题，总计35分。SectionA为选词填空。文章中共设10个空格，每个空格选填一个词。共10题，每题0.5分，总计5分。测试文章单篇长度在300词左右。SectionB为信息匹配。共10题，每题1分，总计10分。测试文章单篇长度在1000词左右。SectionC为仔细阅读。共计2篇文章，共计10题（每篇文章5道题），每题2分，总计20分。测试文章单篇长度在300词左右。4）翻译（1）难度要求：试题难度参照大学英语四级、六级、研究生入学考试翻译难度水平。（2）测试要求：a.对原文有较强理解能力，有较强翻译表达能力；b.能够熟练运用翻译策略和技巧对有较高难度的文章进行汉英互译；c.译文准确、完整、流畅，并能体现原文风格。（3）测试形式：翻译测试为汉译英，共1篇文章。汉译英原文出自国内主要中文报刊、杂志或汉语文学作品，内容关于政治、经济、文化等或者文学故事，篇章长度200汉字左右。汉译英原文专业化或文学性不宜过强，应侧重考察翻译策略和翻译技巧。本部分考试时间为30分钟，总分15分。2.日语试题测试要求及形式1）听力（1）难度要求：试题难度不低于国际测试1级水平要求。（2）测试要求：a.能听懂真实交际场合中各种日语会话和讲话；b.能听懂NHK新闻中有关政治、经济、文化、教育、科技等方面的专题报道；c.能听懂有关政治、经济、历史、文化、教育、语言文学、科普方面的一般讲座及讲座后的问答。（3）测试形式：听力理解部分考试时间为30分钟，总分15分，包括听写和选择题两种形式，有两个项目：试题1、试题2。试题1：完形填空题。本部分为主观试题。试题册上给出一篇约200日文字符的不完整短文（全题共7处空，5处为短语，每空1分，2处为句子，每空2分，总计9分）。根据录音在空格处填句子或短语。所听材料共念三遍，第一遍用正常语速朗读，第二遍朗读时在空格处留出10秒或20秒空隙（短语处空白10秒，句子处空白20秒），让考试者填写空缺内容，第三遍再用正常语速朗读，让考试者检查。试题2：本部分为客观试题。形式为两个人的对话，长度为100日文字符左右，所听材料只念1遍，每遍均用正常语速朗读。本部分共有6段对话，每段对话各有1题，共6道单选题，每题1分，总计6分。2）阅读（1）难度要求：试题难度不低于《高等学校日语专业八级考试大纲》水平要求。（2）测试要求：a.能读懂一般日文报刊杂志上的社论和书评、日本出版的有一定难度的历史传记和文学作品；b.能分析文章的思想观点、语篇结构、语言特点和修辞手法；c.能掌握文章的主旨和大意，理解事实和细节。（3）阅读理解题型为选择题，共计2篇文章，每篇文章设5道题，每题2分（试题参见样卷）。测试文章单篇长度在500日文字符左右，题材包括社会、文化、教育、科学、技术、风俗、科普等方面。本部分考试时间为35分钟，总分20分。3）写作（1）难度要求：试题难度不低于《高等学校日语专业硕士研究生教学大纲》写作水平要求。（2）测试要求：a.能熟练掌握常见日语文体写作要求；b.能使用丰富的词汇和语法结构，语言表达自然流畅，语段连贯性好，语篇结构合理、逻辑性强；c.格式准确，要素齐全。（3）测试形式：命题作文，写作长度要求不少于300词，主要考察记叙文、说明文、议论文等常用体裁的写作。本部分考试时间为25分钟，总分25分。4）翻译（1）难度要求：试题难度参照全国翻译（水平）考试日语笔译一级水平要求。（2）测试要求：a.对原文有较强的理解能力，有较强的翻译表达能力，能够熟练运用翻译策略和技巧，对有较高难度的文章进行双语互译；b.译文准确、完整、流畅，并能体现原文风格；c.日译汉的速度每小时约800字；汉译日速度每小时约400个汉字。（3）测试形式：翻译考试时间为110分钟，总分40分，形式包括日译汉与汉译日每部分各1篇文章，各20分。翻译考试可以使用纸质日汉、汉日工具书各一本，但禁止使用电子词典等电子类工具辅助翻译。第一题：日译汉原文（1篇）内容可有关于政治、经济、文化、科技、外交等或者短篇故事、小说节选，篇章长度在500日文字符左右。第二题：汉译日原文（1篇）可有关于政治、经济、文化、科技、外交等或者短篇故事，篇章长度在300汉字左右。另外，日译汉和汉译的原文文章专业化或文学性不宜过强，应侧重对翻译策略和技巧的考察（参考样卷2）。英语参考样题(注：样题以四、六级考试题型为例)SamplesforReadingWriting,ReadingComprehensionandTranslation=1\*ROMANI.WritingDirections：Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingpictures.Inyouressay,youshould1）describethepicturesbriefly,2）interpretthemeaning,and3）giveyourcomments.YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.II.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Manymenandwomenhavelongboughtintotheideathatthereare“male”and“female”brains,believingthatexplainsjustabouteverydifferencebetweenthesexes.Anewstudy1thatbelief,questioningwhetherbrainsreallycanbedistinguishedbygender.Inthestudy,TelAvivUniversityresearchers2forsexdifferencestheentirehumanbrain.Andwhatdidtheyfind?Notmuch.Ratherthanofferevidencefor3brainsas“male”or“female,”researchshowsthatbrainsfallintoawiderange,withmostpeoplefallingrightinthemiddle.DaphnaJoel,wholedthestudy,saidherresearchfoundthatwhiletherearesomegender-based4,manydifferenttypesofbraincan’talwaysbedistinguishedbygender.Whilethe“average”maleand“average”femalebrainswere5different,youcouldn’ttellitbylookingatindividualbrainscans.Onlyasmall6ofpeoplehad“all-male”or“all-female”characteristics.LarryCahill,anAmericanneuroscientist(神经科学家),saidthestudyisanimportantadditiontoagrowingbodyofresearchquestioning7beliefsaboutgenderandbrainfunction.Buthecautionedagainstconcludingfromthisstudythatallbrainsarethesame,8ofgender.“There’samountainofevidence9theimportanceofsexinfluencesatalllevelsofbrainfunction,”hetoldTheSeattleTimes.Ifanything,hesaid,thestudy10thatgenderplaysaveryimportantroleinthebrain“evenwhenwearenotclearexactlyhow.”A)abnormalI)regardlessB)appliedJ)searchedC)brieflyK)similaritiesD)categorizingL)slightlyE)challengesM)suggestsF)figureN)tastesG)percentageO)traditionalH)provingSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet.CanBurglarsJamYourWirelessSecuritySystem?[A]Anyproductthatpromisestoprotectyourhomedeservescarefulexamination.Soitisn’tsurprisingthatyou’llfindplentyofstrongopinionsaboutthepotentialvulnerabilitiesofpopularhome-securitysystems.[B]Themostlikelytypeofburglary(入室盗窃)byfaristheunsophisticatedcrimeofopportunity,usuallyinvolvingabrokenwindoworsomeforcedentry.AccordingtotheFBI,crimesliketheseaccountedroughlytwo-thirdsofallhouseholdburglariesintheUSin2013.Thewidemajorityoftherestwereillegal,unforcedentriesthatresultedfromsomethinglikeawindowbeingleftopen.TheoddsofacriminalusingtechnicalmeanstobypassasecuritysystemaresosmallthattheFBIdoesn’teventrackthosestatistics.[C]Oneofthemaintheoreticalhome-securityconcernsiswhetherornotagivensystemisvulnerabletobeingblockedfromworkingaltogether.Withwiredsetups,thefearisthataburglar(入室盗贼)mightbeabletoshutyoursystemdownsimplybycuttingtherightcable.Withawirelesssetup,youstickbattery-poweredsensorsuparoundyourhomethatkeepsaneyeonwindows,doors,motion,andmore.Iftheydetectsomethingwrongwhilethesystemisarmed,they’lltransmitawirelessalertsignaltoabasestationthatwillthenraisethealarm.Thatapproachwilleliminatemostcord-cuttingconcerns—butwhatabouttheirwirelessequivalent,jamming?Withtherightdevicetunedtotherightfrequency,what’stostopathieffromjammingyoursetupandblockingthatalertsignalfromeverreachingthebasestation?[D]Jammingconcernsarenothingnew,andthey’renotuniquetosecuritysystems.Anydevicethat’sbuilttoreceiveawirelesssignalataspecificfrequencycanbeoverwhelmedbyastrongersignalcominginonthesamefrequency.Forcomparison,let’ssayyouwantedto“jam”aconversationbetweentwopeople—allyou’dneedtodoisyellinthelistener’sear.[E]Securitydevicesarerequiredtolistthefrequenciestheybroadcaston—thatmeansthatapotentialthiefcanfindwhattheyneedtoknowwithminimalGoogling.Theywill,however,needsoknowwhatsystemthey’relookingfor.Ifyouhaveasigninyouryarddeclaringwhatsetupyouuse,that’dpointthemintherightdirection,thoughatthatpoint,we’retalkingaboutahighlytargeted,semi-sophisticatedattack,andnotthesortforced-entryattackthatmakesupthemajorityofburglaries.It’seasiertofindandacquirejammingequipmentforsomefrequenciesthanitisforothers.[F]Wirelesssecurityproviderswilloftentakestepstohelpcombatthethreatofjammingattacks.SimpliSafe,winnerofourEditor’sChoicedistinction,utilizesaspecialsystemthat’scapableofseparatingincidentalRFinterferencefromtargetedjammingattacks.Whenthesystemthinksit’sbeingjammed,it’llnotifyyouviapushalert(推送警报).Fromthere,it’suptoyoutosoundthealarmmanually.[G]SimpliSafewassingledoutinonerecentarticleonjamming,completewithavideoshowingtheentiresystembeingeffectivelybypassedwithhandheldjammingequipment.AftertakingappropriatemeasurestocontaintheRFinterferencetoourtestlab,wetestedtheattackoutforourselves,andwereabletoverifythatit’spossiblewiththerightequipment.However,wealsoverifiedthatSimpliSafe’santi-jammingsystemworks.Itcaughtusintheact,sentanalerttomysmart-phone,andalsolistedourRFinterferenceonthesystem’seventlog.Theteambehindthearticleandvideoinquestionmakenomentionofthesystem,orwhetherornotindetectedthem.[H]Weliketheuniquenatureofthatsoftware.Itmeansthatathieflikelywouldn’tbeabletoGooglehowthesystemworks,thenfigureoutawayaroundit.Eveniftheycould,SimpliSafeclaimsthatitssystemisalwaysevolving,andthatitvariesslightlyfromsystemtosystem,whichmeanstherewouldn’tbeauniversalmagicformulaforcrackingit.Othersystemsalsoseemconfidentonthesubjectofjamming.TheteamatFrontpointaddressestheissueinablogonitssite,citingtheirownjamprotectionsoftwareandclaimingthattherearen’tanydocumentedcasesofsuccessfuljamattacksincethecompanybeganofferingwirelesssecuritysensorsinthe1980s.[I]Jammingattacksareabsolutelypossible.Assaidbefore,withtherightequipmentandtherightknow-how,it’spossibletojamanywirelesstransmission.Buthowprobableisitthatsomeonewillsuccessfullyjamtheirwayintoyourhomeandstealyourstuff?[J]Let’simaginethatyouliveinasmallhomewithawirelesssecuritysetupthatoffersafunctionalanti-jammingsystem.First,athiefisgoingtoneedtotargetyourhome,specifically.Then,he’sgoingtoneedtoknowthetechnicaldetailsofyoursystemandacquirethespecificequipmentnecessaryforjammingyourspecificsetup.Presumably,youkeepyourdoorslockedatnightandwhileyou’reaway.Sothethiefwillstillneedtobreakin.Thatmeansdefeatingthelocksomehow,orbreakingawindow.He’llneedtobejammingyouatthispoint,asabrokenwindoworopeneddoorwouldnormallyreleasethealarm.So,too,wouldthemotiondetectorsinyourhome,sothethiefwillneedtocontinuejammingoncehe’sinsideandsearchingforthingstosteal.However,he’llneedtodosowithouttrippingtheanti-jammingsystem,thedetailsofwhichhealmostcertainlydoesnowhaveaccessto.[K]Attheendoftheday,thesekindsofsystemsareprimarilydesignedtoprotectagainstthesortofopportunisticsmash-and-grabattackthatmakesupthemajorityofburglaries.They’realsoonlyasinglelayerinwhatshouldideallybeamany-sidedapproachtosecuringyourhome,onethatincludescommonsensethingslikesoundlocksandproperexteriorlightingatnight.Nosystemisimpenetrable,andnonecanpromisetoeliminatetheworstcasecompletely.Everyoneofthemhasvulnerabilitiesthataknowledgeablethiefcouldtheoreticallyexploit.Agoodsystemisonethatkeepsthatworst-casesettingasimprobableaspossiblewhilealsoofferingstrongprotectionintheeventofaless-extraordinaryattack.1.Itispossibleforburglarstomakejammingattackswiththenecessaryequipmentandskill.2.Interferingwithawirelesssecuritysystemissimilartointerferingwithaconversation.3.Aburglarhastocontinuouslyjamthewirelesssecuritydevicetoavoidtriggeringthealarm,bothinsideandoutsidethehouse.4.SimpliSafeprovidesdevicesthatareabletodistinguishincidentalradiointerferencefromtargetedjammingattacks.5.Onlyaverysmallproportionofburglariesarecommittedbytechnicalmeans.6.ItisdifficulttocrackSimpliSafeasitssystemkeepschanging.7.Wirelessdeviceswilltransmitsignalssoastoactivatethealarmoncesomethingwrongisdetected.8.Differentmeasuresshouldbetakentoprotectone’shomefromburglaryinadditiontothewirelesssecuritysystem.9.SimpliSafe’sdevicecansendawarningtothehouseowner’scellphone.10.Burglarscaneasilygetasecuritydevice’sfrequencybyInternetsearch.SectionCDirections：Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Attitudestowardnewtechnologiesoftenfallalonggenerationallines.Thatis,generally,youngerpeopletendtooutnumberolderpeopleonthefrontendofatechnologicalshift.Itisnotalwaysthecase,though.Whenyoulookatattitudestowarddriverlesscars,theredoesn’tseemtobeacleargenerationaldivide.Thepublicoverallissplitonwhetherthey’dliketouseadriverlesscar.Inastudylastyear,ofallpeoplesurveyed,48percentsaidtheywantedtorideinone,while50percentdidnot.Thefacethatattitudestowardself-drivingcarsappeartobesosteadyacrossgenerationssuggestshowtransformativetheshifttodriverlesscarscouldbe.Noteveryonewantsadriverlesscarnow-andnoonecangetoneyet-butamongthosewhoareopentothem,everyagegroupissimilarlyengaged.Actually,thisisn'tsurprising.Whereasoldergenerationsaresometimereluctanttoadoptnewtechnologies,driverlesscarspromiserealvaluetotheseagegroupsinparticular.Olderadults,especiallythosewithlimitedmobilityordifficultydrivingontheirown,areoneoftheclassicusersfordriverlesscars.Thisisespeciallyinterestingwhenyouconsiderthatyoungerpeoplearegenerallymoreinterestedintravel-relatedtechnologiesthanolderones.Whenitcomestodriverlesscars,differencesinattitudearemorepronouncedbasedonfactorsnotrelatedtoage.Collegegraduates,forexample,areparticularlyinterestedindriverlesscarscomparedwiththosewhohavelesseducation,59percentofcollegegraduatessaidtheywouldliketouseadriverlesscarcomparedwith38percentofthosewithahigh-schooldiplomaorless.Whereapersonlivesmatters,too.Morepeoplewholiveincitiesandsuburbssaidtheywantedtotrydriverlesscarsthanthosewholivedinruralareas.Whilethere’sreasontobelievethatinterestinself-drivingcarsisgoingupacrosstheboard,aperson’sagewillhavelittletodowithhowself-drivingcarscanbebecomingmainstream.Oncedriverlesscaresareactuallyavailableforsafe,theearlyadopterswillbethepeoplewhocanaffordtobuythem.1.Whathappenswhenanewtechnologyemerges?A.Itfurtherwidensthegapbetweentheoldandtheyoung.B.Itoftenleadstoinnovationsinotherrelatedfields.C.Itcontributesgreatlytotheadvanceofsocietyasawhole.D.Itusuallydrawsdifferentreactionsfromdifferentagegroups.2.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthedriverlesscar?A.Itdoesnotseemtocreateagenerationaldivide.B.Itwillnotnecessarilyreduceroadaccidents.C.Itmaystartarevolutioninthecarindustry.D.Ithasgivenrisetounrealisticexpectations.3.Whydoesthedriverlesscarappealtosomeoldpeople?A.Itsavestheirenergy.B.Ithelpswiththeirmobility.C.Itaddstothesafetyoftheirtravel.D.Itstirsuptheirinterestinlife.4.Whatislikelytoaffectone’sattitudetowardthedriverlesscar?A.Thelocationoftheirresidence.B.TheamountoftheirspecialinterestC.Theamountoftrainingtheyreceived.D.Thelengthoftheirdrivingexperience.5.Whoarelikelytobethefirsttobuythedriverlesscar?A.Thesenior.B.Theeducated.C.Thewealthy.D.Thetechfans.PartIIITranslationDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet.农业是中国的一个重要产业，从业者超过3亿。中国农业产量全球第一，主要生产水稻、小麦和豆类。虽然中国的农业用地仅占世界的百分之十，但为世界百分之二十的人口提供了粮食。中国7700年前开始种植水稻。早在使用机械和化肥之前，勤劳和富有创造性的中国农民就已经采用各种各样的方法来增加农作物产量。中国农业最新的发展是推进有机农业。有机农业可以同时服务于多种目的，包括食品安全、大众健康和可持续发展。日语参考試題一、阅读英語では「風の花」、ド